全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程2

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程1

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程1的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程1

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

新闻听力 | 世界睡眠日：青年人睡眠问题引发关注

世界睡眠日：青年人睡眠问题引发关注Sleep Challenges Among Youth Highlighted on World Sleep Day 常速 | 六级 偏易| 246词 | 1min48s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What does the survey by the Chinese Sleep Research Society reveal about the change in average bedtime for Chinese people compared to last year?A. It is delayed by 17 minutes.B. It is advanced by 17 minutes.C. It has remained unchanged.D. It is delayed by 33 minutes.Q2. Based on wearable device data, what is the primary behavioral factor contributing to delayed sleep among college students?A. Irregular meal schedules.B. Increased academic workload.C. Social media addiction.D. Prolonged smartphone use.Q3. How does ‘revenge bedtime procrastination’ affect young people’s sleep habits?A. It helps them establish a consistent sleep schedule.B. It leads to sacrificing sleep for personal time.C. It encourages them to engage in physical exercise.D. It reduces the likelihood of sleep disorders.Q4. What can be inferred about Olympic gold medalist Li Yuehong’s sleep routine before competitions?A. He relies on white noise to improve sleep quality.B. He avoids aerobic exercises to reduce stress.C. He incorporates jogging to enhance his sleep.D. He sacrifices sleep to focus on training.Q5. What is the central theme of the passage?A. The role of technology in improving sleep quality.B. The prevalence and causes of sleep challenges among Chinese youth.C. The benefits of exercise in reducing stress and improving sleep.D. The significance of maintaining a strict sleep schedule.Part II. TRANSCRIPTSleep Challenges Among Youth Highlighted on World Sleep DayStudents at Shuibian Town Central Primary School in Jiangxi province took naps on World Sleep Day, March 21.take naps 睡午觉，小睡一下(Q1) A survey by the Chinese Sleep Research Society revealed that as of February, the average bedtime for Chinese people is 00:18 am, 17 minutes later than last year.About 80% of college students sleep after midnight, with 25% falling asleep after 2 am and 33% waking up after 9 am.(Q2) Data from over 150,000 wearable devices showed that prolonged smartphone use delays sleep among college students.Huang Zhili, president of the Chinese Sleep Research Society, emphasized that sleep is the cornerstone of a healthy life but noted rising sleep disorders, especially among young people.(Q3) Many young people experience ‘revenge bedtime procrastination,’ sacrificing sleep to regain personal time after busy days.procrastinate v. 拖延regain v. 恢复，重新获得A Zhejiang netizen shared her habit of scrolling through videos and reading novels late at night, while a Guangxi netizen admitted staying up playing on her phone as a form of retaliation against work stress.The survey found that 65% of participants experienced sleep issues weekly, including insomnia, waking up early, nighttime bathroom visits, and snoring.participant n. 参与者insomnia n. 失眠snore v. 打鼾Neurology expert Wang Zan highlighted that healthy sleep involves duration, efficiency, timing, regularity, and satisfaction.neurology n. 神经学To improve sleep, experts recommend a cool, dark room, white noise, consistent sleep schedules, and moderate exercise.(Q4) Olympic gold medalist Li Yuehong shared that aerobic exercises like jogging help him relieve stress and sleep better before competitions.aerobic adj. 有氧的 Part III. KEYQ1. A. 细节题。题目出处为“A survey by the Chinese Sleep Research Society revealed that as of February, the average bedtime for Chinese people is 00:18 am, 17 minutes later than last year.” 意为：“中国睡眠研究会的一项调查显示，截至今年2月，中国人的平均入睡时间为凌晨00:18，比去年晚了17分钟。”因此，正确答案为A。Q2. D. 细节题。题目出处为“Data from over 150,000 wearable devices showed that prolonged smartphone use delays sleep among college students.”意为：“来自超过15万台可穿戴设备的数据表明，长时间使用手机会延迟大学生的睡眠时间。” 因此，正确答案为D。错误选项分析：A错误，文中未提到饮食习惯与睡眠延迟的关系。B错误，文中未提到学业压力导致睡眠延迟。C错误，社交媒体未被单独提及。Q3. B. 细节题。题目出处为“Many young people experience ‘revenge bedtime procrastination,’ sacrificing sleep to regain personal time after busy days.” 意为：“许多年轻人经历‘报复性熬夜’，在忙碌的一天后，通过牺牲睡眠来弥补个人时间。” 因此，正确答案为B。错误选项分析：A错误，熬夜与保持一致的睡眠时间表相矛盾。C错误，熬夜与运动无关。D错误，熬夜可能增加睡眠障碍的风险。Q4. C. 推理题。题目出处为“Olympic gold medalist Li Yuehong shared that aerobic exercises like jogging help him relieve stress and sleep better before competitions.” 意为：“奥运金牌得主李越宏表示，有氧运动如慢跑有助于他缓解压力，在比赛前睡得更好。” 因此，正确答案为C。错误选项分析：A错误，文中未提到他依赖白噪音改善睡眠。B错误，他强调了慢跑对减压和改善睡眠的帮助。D错误，文中未提到他为训练而牺牲睡眠。Q5. B. 主旨题。文章主要讨论了中国青年人人面临的睡眠挑战，包括睡眠时间推迟、报复性熬夜、睡眠障碍等问题，同时给出了改善睡眠的建议。因此，正确答案为B。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力｜人工智能关键术语与概念

Important Terms and Ideas for Describing Artificial Intelligence慢速 | 四级 难 | 753词 | 7min41s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is the main characteristic of artificial intelligence (AI)?A. Translating languages for communication.B. Relying on human intelligence to work.C. Processing data with statistical methods.D. Using psychology as its primary method.Q2. What is the role of an algorithm in computer operations?A. A simple set of instructions.B. It helps achieve goals but does not involve learning.C. A series of steps that helps achieve goals and allows learning.D. It is used in traditional programs, not AI.Q3. What is the purpose of reinforcement learning in machine learning?A. To classify data into specific groups.B. To improve by trial-and-error processes.C. To identify patterns in large datasets.D. To strengthen neural network layers.Q4. What is the unique feature of deep learning?A. Using many layers of neural networks.B. Relying on unsupervised learning.C. Avoiding the use of raw data.D. Focusing on simple machine tasks.Q5. What is one issue with large language models (LLMs)?A. They cannot generate accurate answers.B. They only focus on generating recipes.C. They are unable to process legal questions.D. They often create false or misleading data.Q6. What is the ultimate goal of artificial general intelligence (AGI)?A. Reproducing human thinking processes.B. Translating languages with accuracy.C. Discovering trends in large datasets.D. Replacing humans in various fields.Part II. TRANSCRIPTImportant Terms and Ideas for Describing Artificial IntelligenceThere are several terms experts use to describe computer systems in the field of artificial intelligence. Recently, the French News Agency (AFP) defined some of the common terms and ideas used in that field. Here is a version for English learners:intelligence n. 智力，智能Artificial intelligence The first term is “artificial intelligence.” When asked what artificial intelligence is, the AI-powered ChatGPT system says that the term means “the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think, learn and make decisions”. (Q1) AI’s main quality or characteristic is taking in large amounts of data and then processing it using methods from statistics. AI involves using ideas from many fields including computing, mathematics, languages, psychology, and others. Currently, the technology is being used heavily for investigating health issues, translating human languages, and predicting problems in machine tools and self-driving cars. But AI is affecting many fields of business and industry.simulation n. 模拟，仿真Algorithm A second important term is “algorithm.” (Q2) An algorithm is important to all computer operations. It is a series of steps or instructions followed by a computer program to get a result. Algorithms can give rules for an AI’s behavior, helping it to realize the objectives of computer program developers. Unlike a simple computer program, AI algorithms permit a computer system to “learn” for itself.algorithm n. 算法，运算法则Machine learning A third important term is “machine learning.” Machine learning is one method that researchers have used in their efforts to produce artificial intelligence. Machine learning lets computers learn from data without being directly programmed on what results to produce. In recent years, the field of neural networks has given important results. In a neural network, connections between some nodes are strengthened and others weakened as the system learns and makes changes. Learning can be “supervised.” This means the system learns to put new data into specific groups based on a model. For example, the system could learn to identify spam in an email or other messaging programs. “Unsupervised” learning permits the system to independently discover new areas or ways of doing things. These discoveries in the available data might not have been immediately clear. An example would be letting an online store identify buying trends in sales data. (Q3) “Reinforcement” learning adds a process of repeated trial-and-error. In this process, the system is rewarded based on its outcomes, causing it to learn and improve. One example might be a self-driving vehicle whose objective is to reach its destination as quickly as possible but also safely. That requirement would lead it to learn to stop at red lights although it requires additional time.neural adj. 神经的node n. 节点spam n. 垃圾邮件Deep learning (Q4) Deep learning owes its name to its use of many layers of neural networks. Raw data is examined by each layer in turn at growing levels of abstraction. Geoffrey Hinton received the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics. Hinton is credited with developing deep learning. Hinton received the prize along with 1980s neural-network developer John Hopfield. Francis Bach, head of France’s SIERRA statistical learning laboratory, said this about deep learning: “The more layers you have, the more complex behavior can become, and the more complex the behavior can be, the easier it is to learn a desired behavior efficiently.” The method might help lead to scientific discoveries.Language models We now turn to large language models (LLMs). These might be the most popular example of generative AI. Large language models’ power tools like OpenAI’s ChatGPT or Google’s Gemini. Such systems are able to write long papers, answer legal questions or even produce a cake recipe based on their statistical models. But the technology is still new. (Q5) LLMs can suffer from “hallucinations” — the creation of content that is false or incorrect.hallucination n. 幻觉，虚构内容Artificial general intelligence A final important term is artificial general intelligence (AGI) — one the big goals of the whole AI field. (Q6) AGI suggests the unrealized dream of a machine able to reproduce all human processes of human thinking. People who push the idea include OpenAI chief Sam Altman and his competitors at Anthropic. They consider such a system to be within reach. The goal is to use large amounts of data and processing power to train LLMs that are increasingly powerful. But critics say that LLM technology has important limits, including its ability to reason. Maxime Amblard, computing professor at France’s University of Lorraine, told AFP last year, “LLMs do not work like human beings.” Amblard added that humans, as flesh-and-blood intelligent beings, are “sense-making machines” with different abilities from today’s computer systems.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 细节题。题目出处：AI’s main quality or characteristic is taking in large amounts of data and then processing it using methods from statistics. 意为：AI的主要特性是接收大量数据并使用统计方法进行处理。因此答案为C。Q2. C. 细节题。题目出处：An algorithm is ... a series of steps or instructions followed by a computer program to get a result. 以及AI algorithms permit a computer system to “learn” for itself.意为：算法是指计算机程序为获得结果而遵循的一系列步骤或指令；人工智能算法允许计算机系统“自主学习”。因此答案为C。Q3. B. 细节题。题目出处：Reinforcement learning adds a process of repeated trial-and-error. In this process, the system is rewarded based on its outcomes, causing it to learn and improve. 意为：强化学习添加了一个反复试验的过程；在这个过程中，系统基于其结果获得奖励，从而学习和改进。因此答案为B。Q4. A. 细节题。题目出处：Deep learning owes its name to its use of many layers of neural networks. Raw data is examined by each layer in turn at growing levels of abstraction. 意为：深度学习因其使用多层神经网络而得名；原始数据依次通过每一层进行更高层次的抽象分析。 因此答案为A。Q5. D. 细节题。题目出处：LLMs can suffer from ‘hallucinations’ — the creation of content that is false or incorrect. 意为：LLM可能会出现‘幻觉’——即生成虚假或错误内容。因此答案为D。Q6. A. 细节题。题目出处：AGI suggests the unrealized dream of a machine able to reproduce all human processes of human thinking. 意为：AGI表达了这样一个尚未实现的梦想——机器能够再现所有人类的思维过程。因此答案为A。 （本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 蔬菜最健康的烹饪方法

蔬菜最健康的烹饪方法What is the healthiest way to prepare vegetables?常速 | 四级 偏易| 621词 | 5min47s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What does Carlene Thomas suggest about choosing the best vegetables to eat?A. Choose vegetables that are the most popular on social media.B. Select vegetables based on their nutritional content after cooking.C. Focus on vegetables that you are most likely to consume.D. Prioritize vegetables that can be stored for a longer time.Q2. What is the relationship between cooking methods and bioavailability, as mentioned in the recording?A. Cooking increases bioavailability by softening vegetable cell walls.B. Cooking decreases bioavailability by breaking down nutrients.C. Cooking does not affect bioavailability if vegetables are steamed.D. Cooking methods like boiling and roasting have no impact on bioavailability.Q3. According to the recording, what is a major downside of boiling vegetables?A. It destroys fat-soluble vitamins in vegetables.B. It causes water-soluble nutrients to leach into the water.C. It makes vegetables lose their natural flavor.D. It significantly increases cooking time compared to other methods.Q4. Why does Pankonin suggest using oil when roasting vegetables?A. To prevent the vegetables from burning in the oven.B. To add more calories for individuals needing energy.C. To reduce the cooking time and retain more nutrients.D. To enhance the absorption of certain vitamins in the body.Q5. What is the primary focus of the recording?A. How to store vegetables to maintain their nutritional value.B. The impact of cooking methods on vegetable nutrition and taste.C. The comparison between raw and cooked vegetables.D. The importance of eating vegetables regardless of preparation. Part II. TRANSCRIPTWhat Is the healthiest way to prepare vegetables?Carlene Thomas is a dietitian, a person who gives advice about healthy foods to eat. When it comes to eating healthy vegetables, Thomas says there are two kinds of people who ask her for advice.dietitian n. 营养学家The first kind wants to know how different cooking methods affect the nutrition in vegetables. The other kind of person wants to know how to eat more vegetables. (Q1) Thomas’ simple answer to both groups is this: The best vegetables are the ones you actually want to eat.Thomas told the Associated Press that many people buy vegetables that they think they will eat. Maybe the produce is popular or someone is bringing attention to it on social media. But then they end up not using it. That means the vegetable gets thrown away after it goes bad.In that case, Thomas said, “It doesn’t matter how you cook them, because if they’re going in the trash, they’re not in your body.”(Q5) However, Thomas said research shows cooking methods do affect nutrition. But it is not as simple as comparing raw, or uncooked, vegetables to cooked ones. Cooking methods can include steaming, roasting, boiling, or sauteing.saute v. 煎，炒So, are raw vegetables healthier than cooked? Not always.When vegetables are cooked with high heat for a long period of time many nutrients break down. However, cooking softens the cell walls in vegetables, making them easier for the body to digest. (Q2) Cooking changes the structure of vegetables which increases what dietitians call bioavailability. This is the body’s ability to use the nutrients in vegetables, Thomas said.bioavailability n. 生物利用度（指身体吸收和利用营养的能力）Cooked food is often more nutritious than raw food. For example, cooked tomatoes release more of the antioxidant lycopene than raw tomatoes, she said. Lycopene is believed to have qualities that prevent cancer.nutritious adj. 有营养的，营养丰富的 antioxidant n. 抗氧化剂lycopene n. 番茄红素Also, cooked carrots have more beta-carotene that can be absorbed by the body. Roasting pumpkins, carrots and sweet potatoes increases available carotenoids. These antioxidants are thought to prevent inflammation in the body.pumpkin n. 南瓜carotenoid n. 类胡萝卜素inflammation n. 炎症Which cooking methods are the healthiest?However, the shorter the cooking time, the more nutrients are kept in the food. That advice comes from Amber Pankonin, a dietitian in the U.S. state of Nebraska.Cooking over boiling water, or steaming, and in a microwave are considered the most nutritious methods. These two methods use little time and require no fat.Another healthy method is blanching. This is when you boil vegetables in water for a minute or two. But not too long. (Q3) Boiling vegetables runs the risk of losing water-soluble nutrients including vitamin C, B1 and folate. Thomas explained the reason boiling is not good for vegetables: The nutrients are “leaching into the water, and you’re tossing out the water.”blanch v. 焯水，焯烫folate n. 叶酸leach v. （液体）过滤，浸出However, you could save the water from boiled vegetables and use it for other purposes, such as soups, or just drink it.What about taste?Dietitians say there is no problem using a small amount of fat. (Q4) Besides making vegetables taste better, a little cooking oil helps the body to absorb fat-soluble vitamins, said Pankonin.That means more vitamin A from squash, carrots, and sweet potatoes; more vitamin D from mushrooms; more vitamin E from bell peppers, leafy greens and asparagus; and more vitamin K from greens, broccoli and onions.squash n. 西葫芦asparagus n. 芦笋broccoli n. 西兰花For pan frying or sauteing, Pankonin suggests cooking with enough oil so the vegetables do not stick to the pan. The amount of oil will depend on the quantity of vegetables and the size of the pan.For roasting, you will likely need more oil. Despite the longer cooking time, roasting will still keep some nutrients and will increase the flavor with the heating of natural sugars.“Flavor is king,” Pankonin said. “I would much rather see people roasting their vegetables and enjoying them.”Part III. KEYQ1. C. 细节题。题目出处：Thomas’ simple answer to both groups is this: The best vegetables are the ones you actually want to eat. 意为：Thomas对这两类人的简单回答是“最好的蔬菜就是你真正愿意吃的蔬菜”。因此C选项正确。Q2. A. 细节题。题目出处为：Cooking changes the structure of vegetables which increases what dietitians call bioavailability. This is the body’s ability to use the nutrients in vegetables. 意为：烹饪会改变蔬菜的结构，从而增加生物利用度，即身体利用蔬菜中营养成分的能力。因此A选项正确。Q3. B. 细节题。题目出处：Boiling vegetables runs the risk of losing water-soluble nutrients including vitamin C, B1 and folate; The nutrients are “leaching into the water, and you’re tossing out the water.” 意为：煮蔬菜可能会导致水溶性营养素流失，包括维生素C、B1和叶酸；营养成分会“渗入水中，而你又把水倒掉了”。因此B选项正确。Q4. D. 推理题。题目出处：Besides making vegetables taste better, a little cooking oil helps the body to absorb fat-soluble vitamins, said Pankonin. 意为：除了让蔬菜更美味外，一点点食用油还能帮助身体吸收脂溶性维生素。因此D选项正确。Q5. B. 主旨题。题目出处为整篇文章的核心内容，尤其是“Cooking methods do affect nutrition” 和“Cooking changes the structure of vegetables which increases what dietitians call bioavailability.”。 意为：烹饪方法确实会影响蔬菜的营养；烹饪会改变蔬菜的结构，从而增加生物利用度。因此B选项正确。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 禽流感

禽流感Avian Influenza常速| 考研 偏易 | 701词 | 5min21s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the interview and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is the main focus of this report?A. The benefits of vaccination against bird flu.B. The global economic impact of bird flu.C. The risks, concerns, and preventative measures related to avian influenza.D. The history of pandemics caused by different viruses.Q2. Why is the WHO concerned about avian influenza even though human infections are rare?A. The virus has no impact on animals.B. Each human infection is an attempt of the virus to establish itself in the human population.C. The number of human infections is extremely high.D. The virus is not evolving.Q3. What activities put people at risk of catching bird flu according to Dr. Wenqing Zhang?A. Consuming cooked poultry.B. Walking in the park.C. Gardening.D. Slaughtering, de-feathering, handling carcasses and preparing poultry for consumption.Q4. Based on the text, why might a dairy worker need to be aware of the risk of bird flu?A. Bird flu has recently been detected in cows in the US.B. Bird flu does not affect mammals.C. Dairy workers frequently handle raw poultry.D. Dairy farming increases the spread of the virus.Q5. According to the text, which foods should be avoided during an outbreak of avian influenza?A. Pasteurized milk.B. Raw milk, eggs, and meat.C. Thoroughly cooked eggs and meat.D. Canned vegetables.Q6. What should the public do to protect themselves during an outbreak according to Dr. Wenqing Zhang?A. Avoid going to crowded places.B. Take antiviral medication daily.C. Minimize contact with animals in affected areas.D. Get vaccinated immediately.Part II. TRANSCRIPTAvian InfluenzaVismita Gupta-Smith: We’ve been hearing about avian influenza or bird flu. (Q1) Why is WHO concerned about it? Who is at risk and how can you protect yourself? Here to talk about it is Doctor Wenqing Zhang. Welcome, Wenqing, talk to us about avian influenza and how it’s affecting humans.avian adj. 鸟（类）的；关于鸟（类）的Dr. Wenqing Zhang: Avian influenza or bird flu is a disease in birds caused by a virus. Sometimes the virus makes them sick, but sometimes the birds don’t get sick from the disease but act as carriers of the virus. We’ve also seen this virus in mammals such as foxes, minks, seals and sea lions, and most recently in cows in the US. In rare cases, people have also been infected when in contact with infected birds or mammals or contaminated environments.mink n. 水貂Vismita Gupta-Smith: So, Wenqing, if human infections are so rare, why is WHO concerned about it?Dr. Wenqing Zhang: So far, close to 900 human infections have been reported. (Q2) Although the number may appear not as big as many other outbreaks, we need to bear into mind is that each infection in human is an attempt of the virus to try to establish itself in human population. Although the chances are slim so far, as long as it succeeds once, just once, it is a start of an influenza pandemic, which can be as mild as the 2009 pandemic, but equally, it could also be devastating, like the 1918 one, also called the Spanish flu. That’s why, Vismita, we are concerned about the avian influenza and are watching it very closely.pandemic n.（全国或全球性）流行病；大流行病Vismita Gupta-Smith: Talk to us about who is at risk of bird flu.Dr. Wenqing Zhang: Anyone exposed to infected live or dead poultry or infected animals or contaminated environments such as live bird markets is at risk. (Q3) Slaughtering, de-feathering, handling carcasses and preparing poultry for consumption, especially in household settings, are also risk factors. So, if you are a poultry farmer or have chickens in your backyard, you need to be aware that you are at a potential risk of catching bird flu. (Q4) With avian influenza detected in cows in the US recently, if you are a dairy worker, you’ll also need to be aware that you are at a potential risk of catching bird flu.carcass n. 动物尸体；（尤指供食用的）畜体Vismita Gupta-Smith: Wenqing, we know that this virus is evolving constantly. Talk to us about how WHO is preparing countries for a possible pandemic.Dr. Wenqing Zhang: The risk of an influenza pandemic is persistent and is being watched closely by a long-standing global system called the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System, also called GISRS. This system will rapidly detect an influenza pandemic virus once it enters into human population, and from there it will trigger a series of response, including the development of laboratory diagnostics and vaccines. In addition, WHO will rapidly release a series of practical guidance to countries tailored to the specific pandemic response needs.diagnostics n. 诊断学Vismita Gupta-Smith: So that’s why it’s important to keep an eye on the virus to see how it’s changing. Tell us in case of an outbreak, which foods are safe to eat?Dr. Wenqing Zhang: (Q5) Avoid consuming raw milk, eggs, and meat. Make sure you consume pasteurized or properly boiled milk and thoroughly cooked eggs and meat. If you’re handling raw products, make sure you wash your hands before and after, and follow other good food safety practices. This is, in fact, our standing advice, with or without avian influenza, because these practices protect you from many diseases.pasteurized adj.（牛奶等）巴氏消毒的Vismita Gupta-Smith: So, tell us what else the public needs to do in case of an outbreak to protect themselves.Dr. Wenqing Zhang: Be vigilant. (Q6) Minimize contact with animals in areas affected with avian influenza. Avoid contact with surfaces contaminated with animal feces. Strictly avoid contact with dead or sick animals, including wild birds. Report dead animals or request their removal by contacting local authorities. And wash your hands frequently and thoroughly, especially after contact with animals and their environments.vigilant adj. 警觉的；警惕的；警戒的；谨慎Vismita Gupta-Smith: Thank you, Wenqing. There you have it, Science in 5 today. Until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy and stick with science.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 主旨题。文章主要围绕禽流感展开，开门见山提出了“Why is WHO concerned about it? Who is at risk and how can you protect yourself?”，可知文章主要讨论了与禽流感相关的风险、担忧和预防措施。因此答案为C。Q2. B. 细节题。根据“...each infection in human is an attempt of the virus to try to establish itself in human population.” 可知每一次人类感染都是病毒试图在人类群体中立足的一次尝试，因此答案为B。Q3. D. 细节题。根据“Slaughtering, de-feathering, handling carcasses and preparing poultry for consumption, especially in household settings, are also risk factors.” 可知屠宰、拔毛、处理家禽尸体以及准备食用家禽等行为，尤其是在家庭环境中，会使人们面临感染禽流感的风险。因此答案为D。Q4. A. 推理题。根据“With avian influenza detected in cows in the US recently, if you are a dairy worker, you’ll also need to be aware that you are at a potential risk of catching bird flu.”可知因为最近在美国的奶牛中发现了禽流感，所以奶牛场工人也需要意识到自己有感染禽流感的风险。因此答案为A。Q5. B. 细节题。根据“Avoid consuming raw milk, eggs, and meat.”可知要避免食用生牛奶、生鸡蛋和生肉。因此答案为B。Q6. C. 细节题。根据“Minimize contact with animals in areas affected with avian influenza.” 可知在受禽流感爆发期间，公众要尽量减少与受影响地区动物的接触以保护自己。因此答案为C。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 古特雷斯：巴黎奥运会开幕式致辞

古特雷斯：巴黎奥运会开幕式致辞Video Message by António Guterres for the Opening Ceremony of the 2024 Summer Olympic Games常速 | 四级 中等 | 高考 | 105词 | 42秒刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the speech and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. Where are the 2024 Summer Olympic Games being held?A. London.B. Tokyo.C. Paris.D. Rio de Janeiro.Q2. What ideals do the United Nations and the Olympics both promote according to Guterres?A. Economic development and prosperity.B. Mutual respect and fair play.C. Scientific advancement and innovation.D. Political stability and governance.Q3. What does António Guterres urge people to do in the spirit of the Olympic Truce?A. Compete fiercely.B. Conserve resources.C. Focus on winning medals.D. Lay down their arms.Q4. What is the main idea of Guterres’ speech at the opening ceremony of the 2024 Summer Olympics?A. Encouraging economic cooperation among nations.B. Celebrating the achievements of past Olympians.C. Promoting peace and unity through sports.D. Highlighting the technological advancements in sports.Q5. What can be inferred about the role of sports in international relations based on Guterres’ speech?A. Sports have the potential to bring people together and promote peace.B. Sports competitions are primarily about winning.C. Sports create significant economic benefits for host countries.D. Sports can replace traditional diplomatic efforts.Part II. TRANSCRIPTVideo Message by António Guterres for the Opening Ceremony of the 2024 Summer Olympic GamesBonjour and welcome to the 2024 Summer Olympic Games. Bonjour （法语）早上好；你好(Q1) The world gathers in Paris to celebrate the power of sport. To bring hope. (Q5-1) To transcend cultures. To unite people. transcend v. 超出，超越（通常的界限）(Q2) To promote mutual respect and fair play. These are also the ideals of the United Nations. (Q3) In the spirit of the Olympic Truce, I call on everyone to lay down their arms. (Q4) Build bridges. Foster solidarity. (Q5-2) foster solidarity促进团结And strive for the ultimate goal: peace for all. I wish every success to the Olympians and Paralympians. You inspire us to dream bigger. May the Olympic flame light the path to a world of peace and harmony. (Q5-3) Merci beaucoup.Merci beaucoup（法语）非常感谢Part III. KEYQ1. C. 细节题。根据“The world gathers in Paris to celebrate the power of sport.” 可知2024 年夏季奥运会在巴黎举办。因此答案为C。Q2. B. 细节题。根据“To promote mutual respect and fair play. These are also the ideals of the United Nations.” 可知联合国和奥运会都倡导促进相互尊重和公平竞争。此答案为B。Q3. D. 细节题。根据“In the spirit of the Olympic Truce, I call on everyone to lay down their arms.” 可知本着奥林匹克休战的精神，António Guterres呼吁大家放下武器。因此答案为D。Q4. C. 主旨题。根据整个演讲内容，尤其是“Build bridges. Foster solidarity... May the Olympic flame light the path to a world of peace and harmony.” 可知Guterres的演讲是围绕着通过体育促进和平与团结展开。因此答案为C。Q5. A. 推理题。根据“To transcend cultures. To unite people... Build bridges. Foster solidarity… May the Olympic flame light the path to a world of peace and harmony.”可知体育有超越文化、团结人民的力量，能为世界和平与和谐照亮道路，因此可以推断出体育有团结人们和促进和平的潜力。因此答案为A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 如何挖掘大脑潜能？

如何挖掘大脑潜能？How to Tap into the Hidden Potential of Your Brain常速 | 六级 易 | 1385词 | 9min6s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the talk and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to the text, how much of our brains do most theories suggest we use?A. 10%.B. 50%.C. 75%.D. 100%. Q2. What keeps the brain busy even during sleep?A. Sending and receiving signals.B. Creating new neurons.C. Refreshing and processing information.D. Communicating with other organs.Q3. What is the term used to describe the brain’s ability to reorganize pathways and create new connections?A. Neurogenesis.B. Neuroplasticity.C. Neuropathy.D. Neurochemistry.Q4. Which activity is NOT mentioned as beneficial for brain health in the text?A. Exercise.B. Good sleep.C. Healthy eating.D. Stress.Q5. How often is moderately intense cardio recommended for optimal brain health?A. Daily.B. Weekly.C. Monthly.D. Yearly.Q6. What kind of games are suggested to train the brain and provide social time?A. Puzzle games.B. Video games.C. Card games.D. Board games.Q7. Which strategy is recommended to help organize information and enhance memory?A. Exercising regularly.B. Sleeping well.C. Staying socially active.D. Using the chunking method.Q8. What role does boredom play in creativity according to the text?A. It hinders the creative process.B. It sparks creativity.C. It has no effect on creativity.D. It makes creativity unnecessary.Q9. What does the author imply about failure in the process of unlocking brain potential?A. It should be avoided at all costs.B. It is a sign of incompetence.C. It provides valuable learning opportunities.D. It has no impact on success.Q10. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Ways to maintain and improve brain health and unlock hidden potential.B. The human brain uses only a small fraction of its capacity.C. The impact of stress on brain function.D. The structure of the human brain.Part II. TRANSCRIPTHow to Tap into the Hidden Potential of Your Brain(Q1) Have you heard the notion that humans use only 10% of their brains? It’s a common theory, but actually, it isn’t really true! The average human brain is full and actively engaged with all of its parts. However, that doesn’t mean it’s unable to do more!By creatively adapting new pathways through skills, knowledge and experiences, you may find hidden potential you never knew existed. But how do you do that?Isn’t Your Brain Already Busy Enough?Well, yes. The brain never stops doing its job in some capacity. (Q2) Even during sleep, the brain is refreshing and processing the information it’s taken in.The human brain has approximately 100 billion neurons. It’s basically the control center of everything we think, do and say. By sending and receiving chemical and electrical signals throughout the body, our brain keeps us alive, and helps us experience our world both inside and out.Science can tell us what parts of the brain are associated with certain thoughts and actions. For example, the cerebrum, brainstem, cerebellum and cerebral cortex all have specific functions. The brain is divided into two “hemispheres” that communicate with each other through an organ called the “corpus callosum.” Many other glands and organs complete our amazing brains and allow us to experience our human existence.cerebrum n. 大脑cerebral adj. 大脑的；智力的cortex n. 大脑皮层callosum n. 胼胝体Yes, it’s complicated, and very, very busy! But that’s the beautiful thing about it. It loves to be busy. And if you don’t give it enough to do, it often starts to ruminate thoughts, just to have something to think about.ruminate v. 沉思；认真思考The “untapped potential” is the ability of your brain for growth and adaptation. New pathways can be created. So, even though your brain is always active, there’s always room for more! The question is: how do you make those new connections?As you search for the path to your unleashed genius, the answer might be hiding in plasticity.What’s Plasticity Got to Do With it?(Q3) Neuroplasticity is the way the brain is able to reorganize pathways and create new connections. “Neuro” refers to neurons and “plasticity” refers to the brain’s ability to change. Functionally, the brain can move some tasks from a damaged part of the brain to an undamaged area. Structurally, it can change physically as a result of things like learning. The brain’s ability to grow and change is one of its most amazing features.To get the best out of your brain, you need to treat it well. You might not have given much thought to it, because the brain just does its job without much exertion on our part. But there are things you can do to keep your brain in the best shape possible.(Q4-1) Exercise is one of the best things you can do to promote a healthy brain. (Q5) At least 2.5 hours of moderately intense cardio is recommended each week for most people. Walking, strength training and yoga are some other activities that can fill in the spaces between heavier workouts. A sedentary lifestyle can diminish your brain’s capacity to perform well. So, remember to get up and get moving for optimal brain health!cardio n. 有氧运动sedentary adj. 坐着的，（惯于）久坐不动的(Q4-2) Get good restful sleep. Turn off your cell phone and other electronics at least an hour before going to sleep. Use calming techniques like meditation or slow breathing to relax your body at bedtime. Having a room that is clear of clutter, lights and outside noise can create an environment conducive to peaceful sleep, along with a regular sleep routine.clutter n. 杂乱; 混乱; 喧嚣Laughter and enjoying social time allows you to relax, which produces chemicals in your brain that induce happiness and relaxation. Minimize or avoid stress as much as possible. Laughter and fun can be good for your brain, but chemicals produced by stress can be harmful. So choose your thoughts and activities carefully.(Q4-3) Eat good healthy food. You know the old saying, “garbage in, garbage out”? Your brain will be affected by what you put into your body. So be mindful of what you consume. You really are what you eat. Do you want to be a juicy peach, or a sugary fat-filled donut?How you treat your brain is key to finding your hidden potential and genius status. Your brain is ready and willing to take you there, but it’s up to you to find the way!Train the BrainSo how do you find your way to the holy grail of hidden potential? Train the brain! Anything that stretches your mind above your familiar routine and makes the brain work at something new is a step in the right direction!grail n. 渴望但永远得不到的东西；努力追求但永远不可能实现的目标（或理想）Boosting your cognitive abilities and mental agility are helpful tools in making new connections. Brain Training exercises are a great starting point.agility n. 敏捷；灵活；机敏Crossword puzzles, jigsaw puzzles, and word games are all great brain builders.Play games. (Q6) Card games, and games that involve other people, are a double win. You get some social time as well!Learn a new language or learn to play an instrument.Take a class. Do you like to cook? Want to know more about a hobby? Build a model, knit, learn a new computer skill. Working your memory is another way to train your brain. The University of St. Augustine for Health Sciences recommends memory techniques that may help.Organize information into an outline and highlight important points.(Q7) Use the chunking method, which involves grouping similar things together.Make associations, like remembering someone’s name with a color or object.Mnemonics are a fun way to remember certain facts or bits of information. For example, to recall the lines in a treble clef, use the phrase, “Every Good Boy Does Fine”. The first letter of each word corresponds to the notes of each line - E-G-B-D-F. Likewise, the spaces between can be remembered by using the word “FACE” (F-A-C-E).treble clef: 高音谱号As you find your way down the path of greater mental agility, you’ll most likely have less brain fog, increased awareness and energy. When you stay on this path, you may find your hidden potential rising!Unlock Your Genius with CreativityThe brain is made for creativity. You might say you don’t have the time or energy to be creative, but when you think about it, you’re creating all the time. (Q8) One great catalyst for creation is boredom. Allowing your mind to become bored can spark creativity.In her book, Big Magic, Author Elizabeth Gilbert wrote, “The Universe buries strange jewels deep within us all, and then stands back to see if we can find them.”Brainstorming is another way to help your thoughts flow. Write down all the things you can think of when looking for something new to do or learn, or when trying to solve a problem. Often, one idea will lead to another. Even if it seems impossible, write it down.When you embrace curiosity and try looking at things with a new perspective, you become open to new ideas.Overcome your Limiting BeliefsBelieving in yourself is important when you’ve put your sights on the next level. There may be times of discouragement, but don’t allow doubt to cloud your vision. You are most likely closer to success than you think!Reframe negative thoughts by changing the way you look at challenges. If your brain is telling you something is too hard, you can reframe that thought by telling yourself that it may be difficult, but you can do it.When you continue to take action, step by step, you gain confidence and competence. Ignore negative self-talk, remember how far you’ve come and don’t give up.(Q9) There will be setbacks in any new endeavor, but that’s not the time to quit. Learn from mistakes and failure, because these two travel companions lead you to better understanding. A failed attempt is just a signpost that lets you know you took the wrong turn.Athlete Travis Rice said, “We’ll never know our full potential unless we push ourselves to find it.”The hidden potential of your brain is like buried treasure just waiting for you to discover it. When you create new neural pathways through learning, growth and adaptation, you may find yourself becoming more of who you are meant to be.You never know what genius awaits you until you take the first step and try something new. Wake up your brain! And discover the secrets of your hidden potential.Part III. KEYQ1. A. 细节题。根据“Have you heard the notion that humans use only 10% of their brains?” 可知普遍的理论认为我们只使用了大脑的10%。因此答案为A。Q2. C. 细节题。根据“Even during sleep, the brain is refreshing and processing the information it’s taken in.” 可知即使在睡觉时，大脑也会刷新和处理接收到的信息。因此答案为C。Q3. B. 细节题。根据“Neuroplasticity is the way the brain is able to reorganize pathways and create new connections.”可知用来描述大脑重组路径和创建新连接的能力的术语是神经可塑性。因此答案为B。Q4. D. 细节题。根据“Exercise is one of the best things you can do... Get good restful sleep... Eat good healthy food.” 可知锻炼、良好的睡眠和健康饮食对大脑健康有益，而文中也提到要尽量避免压力。因此答案为D。Q5. B. 细节题。根据“At least 2.5 hours of moderately intense cardio is recommended each week for most people.” 可知对于大多数人，建议每周至少进行2.5小时的中等强度有氧运动。因此答案为B。Q6. C. 细节题。根据“Card games, and games that involve other people, are a double win. You get some social time as well!”可知纸牌游戏和需要其他人参与的游戏是双赢的，并且还能获得一些社交时间！因此答案为C。Q7. D. 细节题。根据“Use the chunking method, which involves grouping similar things together.” 可知组块法是将相似的东西分组在一起，从而有助于组织信息和增强记忆的策略，而定期运动、良好睡眠和保持社交活跃主要是促进大脑健康。因此答案为D。Q8. B. 推理题。根据“One great catalyst for creation is boredom. Allowing your mind to become bored can spark creativity.” 可知无聊是激发创造力的一个重要因素。让你的头脑变得无聊可以激发创造力。因此答案为B。Q9. C. 推理题。根据“There will be setbacks in any new endeavor, but that’s not the time to quit. Learn from mistakes and failure…”可知任何新的尝试都会有挫折，但这不是放弃的时候。要从错误和失败中学习。因此答案为C。Q10. A. 主旨题。整篇文章主要讨论了多种维持和改善大脑健康以及挖掘大脑隐藏潜力的方法，包括生活方式、学习策略、对待失败的态度等方面。因此答案为A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

第12届教学大赛商务英语组二等奖贺静授课

授课点评：贺静老师授课效果较好，教学目标清楚、教学方法得当、教学程序井井有条。此外，贺静老师口齿清晰，语音语调比较纯正、流利；教态端庄自然，有亲和力，教学过程中与学生互动良好，体现了以学生为主体，教师为主导的教学原则。授课分两部分。第一部分介绍该单元（Empire of Wealth）的总教学安排，用了3分30秒，时间把握得比较好。另外，设计的PPT形式多样，各种图表清楚展现了教学安排。授课开始的第三分钟，PPT显示的该单元总教学目标及三篇课文的教学目标一览无遗，加上贺静老师的阐释，清晰地传递了教学目标和学习目标，这能帮助学生在课堂内外围绕主题有效学习。紧接着，贺静老师借助PPT上的流程图比较详细地介绍了授课课文In Praise of Competitive Urges的教学安排，其中的Problem-centred教学方法对学生发现、分析和解决问题有很大帮助。之后进入第二部分：比赛授课阶段。第二部分具体授课含四个阶段。进入第一阶段Warm-up时，贺静老师显得有点紧张，但很快就调整好了状态。该阶段有教师对课文理解的提问，请学生从课文中找到相关的依据回答问题，这种做法本来值得称道，因为授课不能离开课文。但是，Warm-up阶段是课前准备阶段，因此，贺静老师在Warm-up阶段讲解课文不妥，建议把重点放在教材中的Warm-up Activities上，适当设计一些附加的活动，才符合教学逻辑。此外，在总时间为20分钟且第一阶段用了3分30秒的情况下，Warm-up阶段用了5分1秒显得有点过长。之后是第二阶段Questionnaire Results，贺静老师分析解释了调查表中的信息，谈了自己对问题的看法，期间激励学生思考、回答问题，这对培养学生的独立思考能力及理解课文非常有益。Questionnaire之后进入授课第三阶段：Wealth-flaunting Motivations / Summarizing。炫富动机是课文包含的核心内容之一。因此，讨论炫富动机有助于学生理解课文。教师要求学生从PPT上（视频13'）显示的课文段落寻找答案，并要求学生做pair work找到有关的词汇。另外，通过分析课文的修辞寓意，贺静老师阐释了文章作者的真实目的。这一点做得很好。另一方面，根据该单元内容，所授的是“综合商务英语”课程。因此，贺静老师应更多围绕语言难点、篇章结构、写作风格、文法修辞等方面进行解释，让学生对课文有更深层次的理解。第四阶段Assignment在视频18'15"开始。课后作业包括questionnaire设计、调研报告写作、相关阅读作业。这样较好兼顾了综合商务英语课程语言学习和商务实践的教学特点。建议更多以教材内容教学为主，重视语言、篇章教学，在帮助学生充分理解课文的前提下掌握一些商务知识和技能；需要结合课文融入更多的思政教育内容。点评专家：翁凤翔

第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然说课

说课点评：胡笑然老师在说课环节清晰地表达了对所给文章的文本理解和基于语篇主题意义探究而开展教学的基本认识。在拿到文章后的短暂时间内，该选手对语篇进行了审读，并在此基础上快速构思了90分钟的教学设计，形成了基本的教学步骤。根据教学设计，胡老师计划选择与语篇主题相关的短视频为导入，激发学生的学习兴趣；然后以解读语篇为抓手，对语篇的主题、结构、语言、文体等方面进行分析。胡老师按照学生“学后能做”为目的，确定本课的教学目标并介绍了具体的教学步骤。她在教学设计中体现了自己的教学理念和对课文的独到见解，将课文分为三个部分，对每一部分的内容和结构进行了必要的讲解。通过解析语篇的主题，确定了语篇的中心思想，之后列举了语篇的核心概念、关键名词以及相关修饰词及其功能。胡老师将教学目标设定为学生“能做”，即能够理解语篇的主题意义，能够发现篇章结构的特征，能够与话题相同但来源不同的同类文章进行对比从而激发学生的批判性思维，能够从文章的体裁、结构、修辞等方面学习、理解和掌握语篇的关键词语，以及作者对关键概念的词语修饰和语言表达。教学设计安排了学生的小组讨论，要求学生形成有具体步骤的思维导图和概念关联，并在课堂上融入思政元素，并进行必要的陈述。最后一个环节为开放性的讨论，引导学生对不同的观点进行评论。胡老师基于丰富的教学经验和对学情的分析判断，对教学目的、教学重点、教学环节以及设计缘由作了清晰的陈述，显示了其对教学语篇的基本认识和语篇教学娴熟的驾驭能力。说课目的明确，条理清晰，设计突出主题，有一定的感染力，突出学生主体，采用活动途径，倡导体验参与，重视培养学生批判性思维和论说能力，所设计的教学环节有较好的可操作性。从整体上看，胡笑然老师有较高的人文素养和自己的教学风格，语言流畅，表述准确，知识面较广，该说课达到了较高的水准。不过胡笑然老师的时间把控不佳，说课缺乏完整性，强调篇章结构和概念理解，但忽略了教学评的一致性和一体化设计。建议她在今后的教学设计中更加重视学生在语言知识、语言技能、文化内涵、思维心智、情感态度等方面的综合发展和有效评价，积极采用探究式、任务型、交互性的教学方法，加强课外作业的安排和指导，促进学生在语言能力、人文素养、科学思维等方面的同步发展。点评专家：梅德明

快乐德语B1+教师用书 Lektion 11 Video

新世纪大学英语系列教材：综合教程 （第3版）第1册 Unit 2 PPT课件