全新版大学英语视听说教程2

《全新版大学英语视听说教程》共四册，每册八单元，突出视听说技能、演讲技能和批判性思维能力的培养。该数字课程每单元包含Listening, Extended Listening, Speaking, TEDTalks, Presentation和Self-test六大部分。听力训练主题广泛、注重听力和记笔记技能的培养，素材包括电视或电台采访、新闻报道、专题讨论等，同时还有与单元主题相关的拓展听力兼顾学生应试需求。口语和语音训练通过人机对话、跟读评分，有效提升学生口语水平。以TED演讲为素材的视频练习，突出记笔记、作演讲能力的培养。数字课程特有的单元自测通过词汇和听力测试有效检验学生的学习效果。

全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程3

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

全新版大学英语视听说教程1

《全新版大学英语视听说教程》共四册，每册八单元，突出视听说技能、演讲技能和批判性思维能力的培养。该数字课程每单元包含Listening, Extended Listening, Speaking, TEDTalks, Presentation和Self-test六大部分。听力训练主题广泛、注重听力和记笔记技能的培养，素材包括电视或电台采访、新闻报道、专题讨论等，同时还有与单元主题相关的拓展听力兼顾学生应试需求。口语和语音训练通过人机对话、跟读评分，有效提升学生口语水平。以TED演讲为素材的视频练习，突出记笔记、作演讲能力的培养。数字课程特有的单元自测通过词汇和听力测试有效检验学生的学习效果。

新闻听力 | 花洒像你想象的那么干净吗？

花洒像你想象的那么干净吗？Is your showerhead as clean as you think? 常速 | 七级（偏易） | 357词| 2min39s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. Why does the showerhead create an ideal ecosystem for bacteria?A. It stays warm and dries out in a way that supports bacterial growth.B. It contains minerals that naturally feed microbes.C. It filters out nutrients that bacteria need.D. It is designed to trap water after each use.Q2. According to Frederik Hammes, when do showers become risky?A. When the user has a weak immune system.B. When the shower is contaminated with harmful pathogens.C. When the water pressure is unusually high.D. When the showerhead is used for too long.Q3. What can be inferred from the information about tropical climates?A. They prevent harmful bacteria from forming biofilms.B. They cause water systems to become less efficient.C. They require special cleaning tools for showerheads.D. They allow bacteria to grow more easily due to slower drying.Q4. According to the study mentioned in the passage, what effect does the shower spray mode have?A. It determines the amount of water used per minute.B. It changes how quickly the showerhead dries.C. It influences how widely bacterial cells are spread.D. It affects whether minerals accumulate inside the showerhead.Q5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Showerheads spread more pathogens today than in the past.B. Modern cleaning products are ineffective against shower microbes.C. Showerheads should be replaced often to avoid infection.D. Microbes exist in showerheads, but simple habits can reduce their impact.Part II. TRANSCRIPTIs your showerhead as clean as you think? This is a city like no other. An invisible army of microbes lives here, including bacteria, fungi, moulds, and mites, and it’s the one place you’d have hoped would be clean – your showerhead.microbe n. 微生物mite n. 螨虫If you unscrew it and take a peek inside, you might be surprised as to what you find – quite possibly a slimy dark biofilm. When you switch on the shower, it’s not just steam and water that come out, but a blast of microbes as well. Rob Dunn, an evolutionary biologist from North Carolina State University, calls showerheads extreme environments because they are either bone-dry or soaking wet. (Q1) Once you’ve showered, the head remains warm and dries out undisturbed, creating the perfect ecosystem for bacteria to feed on dissolved nutrients from the water.peek n. 窥视，偷看slimy adj. 黏滑的，覆有黏液的biofilm n. 生物膜It seems the majority of us don’t need to worry about catching a bug from having a shower, though. (Q2) “Only showers contaminated with Legionella and other opportunistic pathogens pose a risk,” says Frederik Hammes, a drinking water microbiologist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland. Meanwhile, one study in the US found that warmer areas, like Florida and Hawaii, with higher chlorine levels tend to have more pathogenic mycobacteria, which can lead to higher rates of a chronic lung infection called non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) lung disease. (Q3) This is likely because the showerhead has less time to dry out in more tropical climates, so bacteria can grow more easily.Legionella n. 军团杆菌，军团菌属opportunistic adj. 伺机性的pathogen n. 病原体chlorine n. 氯pathogenic adj. 致病的，病原的mycobacteria n. 分枝杆菌；分枝细菌Even if becoming ill from your showerhead is highly unlikely, you’d probably still like to reduce the number of bacteria coming out when you’re trying to get clean. (Q4) One study found that the spray pattern of your shower makes a difference – mist mode spreads NTM cells a lot more than a massage or rain showerhead, for example. Higher temperatures have also been shown to spread microbes more easily. (Q5) The best way to keep bacteria away, though, is to regularly clean your showerhead by descaling it or soaking it in lemon juice.descaling n. 除垢Since we can’t fully eradicate the microbes in our showers, and we like to stay clean, we’ll have to learn to coexist with them.Part III. KEYQ1. A.【解析】本题为细节题。题目出处为：“Once you have showered, the head remains warm and dries out undisturbed, creating the perfect ecosystem for bacteria to feed on dissolved nutrients from the water.” 意为：“洗完澡后，花洒依然温热，并在不受干扰的状态下自然晾干，这为细菌生长提供了理想温床，使其能够摄取水中溶解的养分。”由此可以推理，花洒由于其干湿交替的特征与温暖的环境共同形成了细菌生长的理想环境，因此答案为A。Q2. B.【解析】本题为细节题。题目出处为：“ ‘Only showers contaminated with Legionella and other opportunistic pathogens pose a risk,’ says Frederik Hammes.” 意为：“Frederik Hammes 表示，‘只有被军团菌和其他机会性病原体污染过的花洒才会构成风险。’”根据原文信息可以推理，健康风险的来源在于“病原体污染”，因此正确答案为B。Q3. D.【解析】本题为推理题。题目出处为：“This is likely because the showerhead has less time to dry out in more tropical climates, so bacteria can grow more easily.” 意为：“这可能是因为在更加炎热潮湿的气候中，花洒没有足够的时间晾干，因此细菌更容易生长。” 因此答案为D。Q4. C.【解析】本题为细节题。题目出处为：“One study found that the spray pattern of your shower makes a difference – mist mode spreads NTM cells a lot more than a massage or rain showerhead.” 意为：“一项研究发现，花洒喷洒模式不同会导致不同的结果；例如，喷雾模式比按摩模式或雨淋模式更容易传播非结核分枝杆菌细胞。”依据原文可以推理，不同喷洒模式影响微生物扩散范围，因此答案为C。Q5. D.【解析】本题为主旨题。题目出处为：“The best way to keep bacteria away, though, is to regularly clean your showerhead by descaling it or soaking it in lemon juice.”意为：“文章指出，减少细菌的最佳办法是通过除垢或柠檬汁浸泡等方式定期清洁花洒。”根据全文可以推理，文章主要传达的信息是“花洒中存在大量微生物，但通过简单方法可以减少其影响”，因此答案为D。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 依赖汽车的代价

依赖汽车的代价The cost of car dependency慢速 | 六级（偏难） | 355词| 2min36s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. The passage opens by suggesting that increased car commuting might have a cost despite offering which of the following benefits?A. Reduced air pollution and safer roads.B. Greater mobility and freedom.C. Lower transportation expenses.D. More efficient public transit systems.Q2. According to the OECD’s International Transport Forum, how much more road space does the average person travelling in a car take up compared to someone on a bus?A. Twice as much.B. Three times as much.C. Four times as much.D. Five times as much.Q3. What does the word “gridlock” most closely mean as it is used in the passage?A. A severe traffic jam where vehicles cannot move.B. A system for managing traffic flow.C. A network of interconnected roads.D. A method of charging for road usage.Q4. Which of the following is NOT directly mentioned as a health impact of car dependency in the passage?A. Asthma and other respiratory illnesses.B. Injuries and fatalities from road traffic accidents.C. Poor fitness and obesity due to sedentary lifestyles.D. Hearing loss from traffic noise.Q5. According to some experts, what is the most likely long-term consequence of building new roads to reduce traffic congestion?A. It provides a permanent solution to traffic congestion.B. It reduces the number of vehicles on the road over time.C. It leads to more people driving, causing congestion to return to previous levels.D. It causes a significant shift towards public transportation.Part II. TRANSCRIPTThe cost of car dependency (Q1) Driving: do we love it because it’s quick and convenient, or is it just that we don’t have a choice? Either way, commuting by car is becoming more common across the world. While this could mean that people are getting more mobility and freedom, could it have a cost?As the number of cars on the road increases, so does congestion. As more people travel by car, more road space is used up. (Q2) According to the OECD’s International Transport Forum, the average person travelling in a car takes up five times as much road space as someone on a bus. This is made worse by the fact that, on average, today’s cars are larger than those of the past. Tailbacks and other traffic jams in the UK could be costing £7.5 billion each year in wasted time.congest v. 使拥挤；堵塞tailback n. （因交通堵塞形成的）车辆长队(Q3) It’s not just gridlock and wasted time that’s the problem. Car dependency has significant health impacts. (Q4) Air pollution from diesel and petrol cars can cause health problems such as asthma and other respiratory illnesses. Road traffic accidents lead to injuries and fatalities. Additional to this are the long-term problems caused by sedentary lifestyles, leading to poor fitness and obesity. Road-building developments can also split communities, leading people to feel cut off. Where road transport dominates an area, people without access to a car can feel isolated.gridlock n. 市区交通大堵塞dependency n. 依赖asthma n. 哮喘respirator n. 呼吸器sedentary adj. 久坐的Cities and countries are sometimes tempted to build new roads to reduce the potential for snarl-ups. (Q5) However, some experts say that this can cause induced demand, where increased road capacity leads to more people driving, and congestion is soon back to its previous level. The other side of this theory is that when road space allocation is taken away from private cars, often congestion won’t get any worse. Authorities in some cities, such as Seoul and Utrecht, have demolished motorways, leaving natural features such as streams and rivers in their place. Making drivers pay more is an approach used in cities like London or Singapore, where ten-year car ownership licenses can cost over £60,000. The increased costs can help reduce the number of cars on the road and make traffic flow faster.snarl-up n. 交通堵塞demolish v. 拆除（建筑物）Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“Driving: do we love it because it’s quick and convenient, or is it just that we don’t have a choice? Either way, commuting by car is becoming more common across the world. While this could mean that people are getting more mobility and freedom, could it have a cost?” 意为：“开车：我们爱它是因为它快速便捷，还是只是因为别无选择？无论如何，全球驾车通勤变得越来越普遍。虽然这可能意味着人们获得了更多的行动自由与自主空间，但这是否会带来代价？”该句明确指出驾车带来的好处是“更多的行动自由与自主空间”，因此正确答案为B。Q2. D.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“According to the OECD’s International Transport Forum, the average person travelling in a car takes up five times as much road space as someone on a bus.” 意为：“根据经合组织（OECD）的国际交通论坛，开车出行的话，每人平均占用公路的空间是乘公交车出行的五倍。”因此正确答案为D。Q3. A.【解析】推断题。题目出处为：“It’s not just gridlock and wasted time that’s the problem.” 意为：“问题不仅仅是交通堵塞和浪费时间。”在语境中，gridlock与wasted time并列，且前文提到congestion、tailbacks和other traffic jams，因此可以推断gridlock指交通堵塞非常严重，以至车辆无法移动的状态，故正确答案为A。Q4. D.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“Air pollution from diesel and petrol cars can cause health problems such as asthma and other respiratory illnesses. Road traffic accidents lead to injuries and fatalities. Additional to this are the long-term problems caused by sedentary lifestyles, leading to poor fitness and obesity.” 意为：“柴油和汽油车造成的空气污染会导致哮喘和其他呼吸系统疾病等健康问题。道路交通事故导致受伤和死亡。除此之外，久坐不动的生活方式还会导致长期问题，例如体能不佳和肥胖。”文中直接提到了A、B、C选项，但未提及“Hearing loss from traffic noise”（交通噪音导致的听力损失），因此正确答案为D。Q5. C.【解析】推理题。题目出处为：“However, some experts say that this can cause induced demand where increased road capacity leads to more people driving, and congestion is soon back to its previous level.” 意为：“然而，一些专家表示，这可能导致诱发性交通需求，即增加的道路容量导致更多人开车，交通拥堵很快又恢复到了以前的状况。”因此正确答案为C。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 我们为什么喜欢吃辣？

我们为什么喜欢吃辣？Why do we eat spicy food? 常速 | 七级（偏易） | 368词| 3min7s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What chemical compound in chili peppers is responsible for the burning sensation?A. Capsaicin.B. Endorphin.C. Serotonin.D. Glucose.Q2. According to the passage, what happens when the body detects capsaicin?A. The body temperature rises significantly.B. The body releases endorphins to reduce the perceived pain.C. The taste buds become permanently less sensitive.D. The digestive system immediately breaks down the compound.Q3. Why does Dr. Tamara Rosenbaum say people consciously choose to eat spicy foods?A. They want to build tolerance to hotter flavors.B. They associate chili with traditional cooking methods.C. They understand the burning sensation does not actually harm them.D. They believe it improves their digestive health.Q4. What can be inferred about early human cultivation of chili peppers?A. People cultivated chilies mainly to increase their sweetness.B. Chili peppers naturally evolved without human influence.C. Humans preferred peppers that required minimal cooking.D. Human cultivation altered traits such as color, size, and capsaicin level.Q5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Capsaicin is dangerous and should be avoided in a typical diet.B. Humans enjoy spicy food due to a combination of factors.C. Spicy food consumption has decreased significantly in modern times.D. Only certain cultures have historically eaten chili peppers.Part II. TRANSCRIPTWhy do we eat spicy food? You know the feeling – your ears start to warm up, your tongue goes numb, you start sweating and taking deep breaths. You’ve just eaten something spicy, knowing it would be painful, and yet, you chose to do it anyway. Are humans just masochistic, or is there something else going on? The answer lies in both science and history.masochistic adj. 有受虐倾向的Let’s start with the science. Spicy isn’t actually a taste like salty, sweet, sour, and bitter – it’s a sensation. (Q1) This sensation is triggered by a chemical compound found in chili peppers called ‘capsaicin’. When we eat foods containing capsaicin, our bodies are tricked into thinking the temperature is actually rising. (Q2) In trying to temper the burning sensation, our bodies release endorphins which control pain and, at the same time, give a feeling of pleasure – like painkillers.capsaicin n. 辣椒素endorphin n. 内啡肽This is what is happening chemically, but there is also a conscious side to choosing spicy food. Dr. Tamara Rosenbaum, Cognitive Neuroscientist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, explains in an interview with the BBC that (Q3) this is because we are rational beings – we know that the burning sensation of chili does not physically harm us. Furthermore, we derive pleasure from the other ingredients chili is generally cooked and eaten with – including fat, sugar, and salt. So – like skydiving – eating chili is a form of thrill-seeking or ‘benign masochism’, where we get pleasure from a seemingly negative sensation.masochism n. 受虐倾向This masochistic relationship with capsaicin has been a long one, starting in the Andes of South America, where chili peppers originate. Humans were one of the few mammals on Earth that developed a taste for capsaicin. So, archaeological evidence suggests they started cultivating chili peppers about six thousand years ago. (Q4) Human intervention changed the chili pepper to suit human tastes and needs – including the pepper’s colour, size, and capsaicin content – helping to explain the many different types of chili peppers now available.Fast-forward to today, and our love affair with the chili pepper is going strong. We eat around 57.3 million tons of peppers globally each year, and chili is a key ingredient in traditional dishes from Mexico to Korea. (Q5) Maybe we are masochistic after all.Part III. KEYQ1.A.【解析】本题为细节题。题目出处为：“This sensation is triggered by a chemical compound found in chili peppers called ‘capsaicin’.” 意为：“这种灼烧感由辣椒中一种被称为‘辣椒素’的化合物引起。”根据这句话可以推理，导致灼烧感的成分是capsaicin，因此答案为A。Q2.B.【解析】本题为细节题。题目出处为：“In trying to temper the burning sensation, our bodies release endorphins which control pain and, at the same time, give a feeling of pleasure.”意为：“为了缓解灼烧感，身体会释放控制疼痛并带来愉悦感的内啡肽。”因此答案为B。Q3.C.【解析】本题为细节题。题目出处为：“… this is because we are rational beings – we know that the burning sensation of chili does not physically harm us.”意为：“这是因为我们是理性生物，我们知道辣椒带来的灼烧感并不会真正伤害身体。”由此推断，人们选择吃辣是因为他们明白灼烧感并不会造成实际伤害，因此答案为C。Q4.D.【解析】本题为推理题。题目出处为：Human intervention changed the chili pepper to suit human tastes and needs – including the pepper’s color, size, and capsaicin content. 意为：人类的干预改变了辣椒，使其更符合人类的口味和需求，包括其颜色、大小和辣椒素含量。根据这句话可以推理，人类早期的栽培活动确实改变了辣椒的特性，因此答案为D。Q5.B.【解析】本题为主旨题。文章解释了辣椒素触发的化学反应、人类明知无害仍追求刺激的心理机制、“良性受虐”的行为模式、辣椒的历史起源与栽培发展脉络等等。文章最后写道：“Maybe we are masochistic after all.（或许我们还是有受虐倾向。）”，展示人类对于辛辣的复杂喜好。由此可见，主旨是人类对辛辣食物的喜爱由多重因素共同决定，答案为B。 （本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 依赖汽车的代价

依赖汽车的代价The cost of car dependency慢速 | 六级（偏难） | 355词| 2min36s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. The passage opens by suggesting that increased car commuting might have a cost despite offering which of the following benefits?A. Reduced air pollution and safer roads.B. Greater mobility and freedom.C. Lower transportation expenses.D. More efficient public transit systems.Q2. According to the OECD’s International Transport Forum, how much more road space does the average person travelling in a car take up compared to someone on a bus?A. Twice as much.B. Three times as much.C. Four times as much.D. Five times as much.Q3. What does the word “gridlock” most closely mean as it is used in the passage?A. A severe traffic jam where vehicles cannot move.B. A system for managing traffic flow.C. A network of interconnected roads.D. A method of charging for road usage.Q4. Which of the following is NOT directly mentioned as a health impact of car dependency in the passage?A. Asthma and other respiratory illnesses.B. Injuries and fatalities from road traffic accidents.C. Poor fitness and obesity due to sedentary lifestyles.D. Hearing loss from traffic noise.Q5. According to some experts, what is the most likely long-term consequence of building new roads to reduce traffic congestion?A. It provides a permanent solution to traffic congestion.B. It reduces the number of vehicles on the road over time.C. It leads to more people driving, causing congestion to return to previous levels.D. It causes a significant shift towards public transportation.Part II. TRANSCRIPTThe cost of car dependency (Q1) Driving: do we love it because it’s quick and convenient, or is it just that we don’t have a choice? Either way, commuting by car is becoming more common across the world. While this could mean that people are getting more mobility and freedom, could it have a cost?As the number of cars on the road increases, so does congestion. As more people travel by car, more road space is used up. (Q2) According to the OECD’s International Transport Forum, the average person travelling in a car takes up five times as much road space as someone on a bus. This is made worse by the fact that, on average, today’s cars are larger than those of the past. Tailbacks and other traffic jams in the UK could be costing £7.5 billion each year in wasted time.congest v. 使拥挤；堵塞tailback n. （因交通堵塞形成的）车辆长队(Q3) It’s not just gridlock and wasted time that’s the problem. Car dependency has significant health impacts. (Q4) Air pollution from diesel and petrol cars can cause health problems such as asthma and other respiratory illnesses. Road traffic accidents lead to injuries and fatalities. Additional to this are the long-term problems caused by sedentary lifestyles, leading to poor fitness and obesity. Road-building developments can also split communities, leading people to feel cut off. Where road transport dominates an area, people without access to a car can feel isolated.gridlock n. 市区交通大堵塞dependency n. 依赖asthma n. 哮喘respirator n. 呼吸器sedentary adj. 久坐的Cities and countries are sometimes tempted to build new roads to reduce the potential for snarl-ups. (Q5) However, some experts say that this can cause induced demand, where increased road capacity leads to more people driving, and congestion is soon back to its previous level. The other side of this theory is that when road space allocation is taken away from private cars, often congestion won’t get any worse. Authorities in some cities, such as Seoul and Utrecht, have demolished motorways, leaving natural features such as streams and rivers in their place. Making drivers pay more is an approach used in cities like London or Singapore, where ten-year car ownership licenses can cost over £60,000. The increased costs can help reduce the number of cars on the road and make traffic flow faster.snarl-up n. 交通堵塞demolish v. 拆除（建筑物）Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“Driving: do we love it because it’s quick and convenient, or is it just that we don’t have a choice? Either way, commuting by car is becoming more common across the world. While this could mean that people are getting more mobility and freedom, could it have a cost?” 意为：“开车：我们爱它是因为它快速便捷，还是只是因为别无选择？无论如何，全球驾车通勤变得越来越普遍。虽然这可能意味着人们获得了更多的行动自由与自主空间，但这是否会带来代价？”该句明确指出驾车带来的好处是“更多的行动自由与自主空间”，因此正确答案为B。Q2. D.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“According to the OECD’s International Transport Forum, the average person travelling in a car takes up five times as much road space as someone on a bus.” 意为：“根据经合组织（OECD）的国际交通论坛，开车出行的话，每人平均占用公路的空间是乘公交车出行的五倍。”因此正确答案为D。Q3. A.【解析】推断题。题目出处为：“It’s not just gridlock and wasted time that’s the problem.” 意为：“问题不仅仅是交通堵塞和浪费时间。”在语境中，gridlock与wasted time并列，且前文提到congestion、tailbacks和other traffic jams，因此可以推断gridlock指交通堵塞非常严重，以至车辆无法移动的状态，故正确答案为A。Q4. D.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“Air pollution from diesel and petrol cars can cause health problems such as asthma and other respiratory illnesses. Road traffic accidents lead to injuries and fatalities. Additional to this are the long-term problems caused by sedentary lifestyles, leading to poor fitness and obesity.” 意为：“柴油和汽油车造成的空气污染会导致哮喘和其他呼吸系统疾病等健康问题。道路交通事故导致受伤和死亡。除此之外，久坐不动的生活方式还会导致长期问题，例如体能不佳和肥胖。”文中直接提到了A、B、C选项，但未提及“Hearing loss from traffic noise”（交通噪音导致的听力损失），因此正确答案为D。Q5. C.【解析】推理题。题目出处为：“However, some experts say that this can cause induced demand where increased road capacity leads to more people driving, and congestion is soon back to its previous level.” 意为：“然而，一些专家表示，这可能导致诱发性交通需求，即增加的道路容量导致更多人开车，交通拥堵很快又恢复到了以前的状况。”因此正确答案为C。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 直面结核病危机

直面结核病危机Facing the TB crisis常速 | 六级（中等）| 650词 | 5min14s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What percentage of people infected with TB bacteria develop active TB disease?A. 1% to 5%. B. 5% to 10%. C. 10% to 15%. D. 15% to 20%. Q2. What is essential for successfully treating tuberculosis?A. Using injection-based treatments. B. Avoiding contact with infected individuals. C. Early detection through rapid molecular diagnostic tests. D. Completing treatment within two months. Q3. Which groups are considered at higher risk for TB infection?A. Young adults and elderly individuals. B. Healthy individuals with no prior exposure. C. People living in urban areas. D. People with diabetes and undernourished individuals. Q4. What is the main message of the text?A. TB is a disease of poverty that requires urgent global action. B. TB primarily affects the lungs and is difficult to cure. C. TB treatment methods have become less effective over time. D. TB is no longer a significant threat due to advanced vaccines. Q5. What can be inferred about the importance of investing in TB research?A. Investment in TB research will primarily benefit smaller nations. B. TB vaccines could play a transformative role in ending the disease. C. Current TB treatments are sufficient without additional funding. D. Economic costs of TB are declining due to improved treatments. Part II. TRANSCRIPTFacing the TB crisisVGS: Tuberculosis is in the news, but not for the right reasons. A severe resource shortage is threatening the global response to end TB. And the disease is appearing in places where people had forgotten that it existed. Is the world on the brink of a global TB crisis? tuberculosis n. 结核病 We are talking about a millennia-old disease that the world has not been able to end. In fact, in the five minutes that you will watch this Science in 5, 11 people would have died of tuberculosis. Our expert today is Doctor Tereza Kasaeva. Welcome, Tereza. Tereza, I heard something that I was also not aware of and it surprised me that a quarter of the world’s population could be infected with TB and not even know it. Could you explain that? How concerned should we be?TK: You are absolutely right, Vismita. The world doesn’t seem to recognize how widespread the TB bacteria is. An estimated one in four people globally have been infected with TB bacteria, and yet not many of them realize the risks. (Q1) While only five to ten percent of people infected with TB will develop an active disease, that’s more than 10 million people falling ill every year.VGS: So Tereza, TB is a highly infectious disease, right. It’s airborne. It spreads through air. Is there a cure? What’s the treatment and how do we diagnose it?TK: TB is in fact a curable disease, but it requires completion of treatment. It would take several months, from four to six months of treatment with a combination of antibiotics. And even the most challenging, difficult forms of drug-resistant tuberculosis could be successfully treated. We have much better options available now. We have shorter, fully oral, injection-free treatments and more effective treatment now available. While tuberculosis affects primarily lungs, it could affect also other parts of our body — bones and joints, skin, kidneys and even the brain. (Q2) Tuberculosis could be successfully treated, but the essential condition is early detection using rapid molecular diagnostic tests, including for the detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis.diagnostic adj. 诊断的VGS: Tereza, how can we protect ourselves and our loved ones from TB?TK: Protecting ourselves and our loved ones starts with awareness, early detection and treatment. Consult your physician if you see symptoms like prolonged coughing, fever, or weight loss, especially if you’ve been in contact with someone diagnosed with tuberculosis recently. (Q3) This is especially important if you are belonging to one of the so-called risk groups like children, people with immuno compromised systems, people with HIV/AIDS and diabetes and undernourished.VGS: So are we, is the world really on the brink of a TB crisis?TK: In short, yes. (Q4-1) Tuberculosis is the of the world’s deadliest infectious disease. Remember, tuberculosis is a disease of poverty exacerbated by stigma, conflict and migration.exacerbate v. 加剧，恶化 VGS: Tereza, why should the world invest in TB? And why is that more important now than ever?TK: Investing in the TB response is not only a global health issue, it is a social, economic and global health security imperative. Tuberculosis devastates economies. It affects people in their most productive ages. It increases significantly health care costs. It drains the workforce. Unfortunately, millions of people with tuberculosis still don’t have access to the lifesaving treatment due to the chronic and significant funding gaps. (Q5) For the first time in more than over a century, we have 16 vaccine candidates in the pipeline and we know that vaccines could become game changers in the fight against TB. That’s why urgent investments in TB research are required. Strengthening TB programmes actually improves global pandemic preparedness. (Q4-2) TB is an urgent crisis, but one we can end if we act now. The cost of inaction is measured in lives and we can’t afford to lose any more.pipeline n. 开发中 pandemic adj. 大范围流行的 VGS: That was Science in 5 today. Until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy and stick with science.Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。根据“While only five to ten percent of people infected with TB will develop an active disease, that’s more than 10 million people falling ill every year.”，可知只有5%到10%的感染者会发展为活动性结核病，因此正确答案为B。Q2. C.【解析】细节题。根据“Tuberculosis could be successfully treated, but the essential condition is early detection using rapid molecular diagnostic tests, including for the detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis.”，可知通过快速分子诊断测试进行早期检测，是成功治疗结核病的关键，因此正确答案为C。Q3. D.【解析】细节题。根据“This is especially important if you are belonging to one of the so-called risk groups like children, people with immuno compromised systems, people with HIV/AIDS and diabetes and undernourished.”，可知儿童、免疫系统受损的人、艾滋病患者、糖尿病患者以及营养不良者等为高风险群体，因此正确答案为D。Q4. A.【解析】主旨题。结合全文，尤其是“Tuberculosis is the of the world’s deadliest infectious disease. Remember, tuberculosis is a disease of poverty exacerbated by stigma, conflict and migration.”和“TB is an urgent crisis, but one we can end if we act now.”，可知结核病是世界上最致命的传染病之一。它是一种因耻辱、冲突和移民而加剧的贫困疾病，是一场紧迫的危机，但如果我们现在采取行动，就可以结束它。全文围绕结核病的危机及其紧迫性展开，因此正确答案为A。Q5. B.【解析】推理题。根据“For the first time in more than over a century, we have 16 vaccine candidates in the pipeline and we know that vaccines could become game changers in the fight against TB.”，可知一个多世纪以来，我们首次有16种疫苗候选者正在研发中，疫苗可能成为对抗结核病的游戏规则改变者。根据该句可以推断，疫苗研发对结束结核病具有重要意义，因此正确答案为B。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 聪明人为何更喜欢独处而非社交的7个原因

聪明人为何更喜欢独处而非社交的7个原因7 Reasons Why Intelligent People Prefer Solitude Over Socializing常速 | 七级（偏易）| 329 | 2min 44s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. Why do intelligent individuals find small talk unfulfilling?A. It requires too much energy to maintain. B. It focuses on trivial matters rather than meaningful topics. C. It often involves exaggerations and insincerity. D. It is a form of entertainment for most people. Q2. What makes intelligent people feel disconnected in typical social settings?A. Their preference for solitude over socializing. B. Their lack of interest in social hierarchies. C. Their unconventional perspectives and questioning of norms. D. Their heightened ability to process details in crowded spaces. Q3. Why do intelligent individuals feel drained in large social events?A. They dislike competing for social status. B. They prefer quieter environments to crowded spaces. C. They find such events insincere and exhausting. D. They are overwhelmed by the details they process. Q4. What can be inferred about intelligent individuals’ view on social hierarchies?A. They find social hierarchies irrelevant and unimportant. B. They actively compete for higher status in social settings. C. They avoid socializing to escape hierarchical competitions. D. They prefer genuine relationships over superficial ones. Q5. What is the main reason intelligent individuals prefer solitude over socializing?A. They dislike social norms and rules. B. They value independence and meaningful interactions. C. They feel superior to others in social settings. D. They find crowds overstimulating and exhausting. Part II. TRANSCRIPT7 Reasons Why Intelligent People Prefer Solitude Over SocializingSocializing is a source of joy for many people — they thrive in crowds, enjoy casual conversations, and navigate social norms with ease. However, for some individuals, particularly those with higher intelligence, socializing can feel exhausting and unnecessary. This isn’t about being antisocial or feeling superior; it’s simply a preference for spending their time differently.1. Small Talk Feels Unfulfilling. (Q1) Intelligent individuals often find small talk tedious and unproductive. They prefer deep conversations about ideas, philosophies, or meaningful topics rather than discussing trivial matters like weather or gossip.2. They Value Authenticity. Social interactions often involve exaggerations, performances, or superficial behaviors. Intelligent people can easily see through these social masks, which makes such interactions feel insincere and tiring.3. Different Priorities. While others view socializing as entertainment, intelligent individuals prioritize activities like reading, learning, or working on personal projects. For them, socializing often feels like an obligation rather than a source of enjoyment.4. Feeling Like Outsiders. (Q2) Intelligent people often think differently, question norms, and have unconventional perspectives. This can make them feel disconnected or misunderstood in typical social settings, leading them to avoid such situations.disconnect v. 使分离，使脱离5. Overstimulation in Crowded Spaces. (Q3) Large social events can be overwhelming for intelligent individuals due to their heightened ability to process details. Instead of feeling energized, they often feel drained and seek quieter environments.6. Indifference to Social Hierarchies. (Q4) Many social interactions involve subtle competitions for status or influence, which intelligent people find pointless. They prioritize genuine relationships and personal growth over climbing social ladders.7. Independence Over Conformity. Intelligent individuals value independent thinking and resist conforming to group dynamics or unwritten social rules. They prefer solitude over interactions that require compromising their individuality.dynamics n. 动态(Q5) In summary, intelligent people don’t dislike socializing altogether — they simply prefer meaningful interactions over superficial ones and value their independence and time. Solitude is not lonely for them; it’s liberating and allows them to focus on what truly matters.Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。根据“Intelligent individuals often find small talk tedious and unproductive. They prefer deep conversations about ideas, philosophies, or meaningful topics rather than discussing trivial matters like weather or gossip.”，可知聪明的人通常觉得闲聊乏味且无益，他们更喜欢关于思想、哲学或有意义话题的深入对话，而不是讨论天气或八卦等琐事。因此正确答案为B。Q2. C.【解析】细节题。根据“Intelligent people often think differently, question norms, and have unconventional perspectives. This can make them feel disconnected or misunderstood in typical social settings, leading them to avoid such situations.”，可知聪明的人通常有不同的思维方式，质疑常规，并有非传统的观点，所以在典型的社交场合中会感到格格不入、不被理解。因此正确答案为C。Q3. D.【解析】细节题。根据“Large social events can be overwhelming for intelligent individuals due to their heightened ability to process details. Instead of feeling energized, they often feel drained and seek quieter environments.”，可知大型社交活动可能会让聪明人感到难以承受，因为他们处理细节的能力很强，所以往往会感到精疲力竭，而不是充满活力。因此正确答案为D。Q4. A.【解析】推理题。根据“Many social interactions involve subtle competitions for status or influence, which intelligent people find pointless. They prioritize genuine relationships and personal growth over climbing social ladders.”，可知聪明的人认为社交互动涉及对地位或影响力的微妙竞争是毫无意义的，他们更重视真正的关系和个人成长。因此正确答案为A。Q5. B.【解析】主旨题。根据“In summary, intelligent people don’t dislike socializing altogether — they simply prefer meaningful interactions over superficial ones and value their independence and time.”，可知聪明的人选择独处的主要原因是他们重视独立性和有意义的互动。因此正确答案为B。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然说课

说课点评：胡笑然老师在说课环节清晰地表达了对所给文章的文本理解和基于语篇主题意义探究而开展教学的基本认识。在拿到文章后的短暂时间内，该选手对语篇进行了审读，并在此基础上快速构思了90分钟的教学设计，形成了基本的教学步骤。根据教学设计，胡老师计划选择与语篇主题相关的短视频为导入，激发学生的学习兴趣；然后以解读语篇为抓手，对语篇的主题、结构、语言、文体等方面进行分析。胡老师按照学生“学后能做”为目的，确定本课的教学目标并介绍了具体的教学步骤。她在教学设计中体现了自己的教学理念和对课文的独到见解，将课文分为三个部分，对每一部分的内容和结构进行了必要的讲解。通过解析语篇的主题，确定了语篇的中心思想，之后列举了语篇的核心概念、关键名词以及相关修饰词及其功能。胡老师将教学目标设定为学生“能做”，即能够理解语篇的主题意义，能够发现篇章结构的特征，能够与话题相同但来源不同的同类文章进行对比从而激发学生的批判性思维，能够从文章的体裁、结构、修辞等方面学习、理解和掌握语篇的关键词语，以及作者对关键概念的词语修饰和语言表达。教学设计安排了学生的小组讨论，要求学生形成有具体步骤的思维导图和概念关联，并在课堂上融入思政元素，并进行必要的陈述。最后一个环节为开放性的讨论，引导学生对不同的观点进行评论。胡老师基于丰富的教学经验和对学情的分析判断，对教学目的、教学重点、教学环节以及设计缘由作了清晰的陈述，显示了其对教学语篇的基本认识和语篇教学娴熟的驾驭能力。说课目的明确，条理清晰，设计突出主题，有一定的感染力，突出学生主体，采用活动途径，倡导体验参与，重视培养学生批判性思维和论说能力，所设计的教学环节有较好的可操作性。从整体上看，胡笑然老师有较高的人文素养和自己的教学风格，语言流畅，表述准确，知识面较广，该说课达到了较高的水准。不过胡笑然老师的时间把控不佳，说课缺乏完整性，强调篇章结构和概念理解，但忽略了教学评的一致性和一体化设计。建议她在今后的教学设计中更加重视学生在语言知识、语言技能、文化内涵、思维心智、情感态度等方面的综合发展和有效评价，积极采用探究式、任务型、交互性的教学方法，加强课外作业的安排和指导，促进学生在语言能力、人文素养、科学思维等方面的同步发展。点评专家：梅德明

第12届教学大赛商务英语组特等奖潘紫萌说课

说课点评：在30分钟的准备时间里，读完、理解一篇800多词的商务英语文章，记住文章的结构和要点，设计出一套有理论指导、教学理念清晰、目标合理、结构完整、方法得当，最好再带点创新的教学方案，然后在10分钟的时间里，用英语条理清晰地把它展示出来，这对任何商务英语教师来讲都是一项重大的挑战。潘紫萌老师首先分析了课文，根据内容将其解构成三大部分。选手将第二部分（第3-8段）归纳成 promotion, price and place 和将第三部分（第9段）归纳成对计划进入中国市场的外国企业的忠告，这都是正确的。但是，她把第一部分（第1-2段）归纳成product，进而把前两部分归纳成营销学中著名的4P战略，这种做法有待商榷。因为课文的第1段主要讲两个问题：1）营销战略如何在中国成功，2）这些战略如何根据中国人的喜好以及对产品或服务的认知进行调整，而不是具体的产品。也许是准备的时间非常紧迫，选手对课文的理解和归纳出现了偏差。然后，潘老师分析了学生的特点。在教学模式上，她采取以学生为中心、以产出为导向的教学模式。其教学目标包括商务英语知识、商务技能和伦理价值。在具体的教学方法上，她例举了基于任务的教学、基于讨论的教学、案例教学、学生参与的测评等，并强调要综合利用线上线下教学资源。在学习测评上，她采用师生共同参与的方式，以增强教学效果。至于具体的教学步骤，她采用BOPPPS模式，再加课后作业。以上教学方案应该说中规中矩，显示出潘老师对商务英语教学的理论、模式、方法和测评等各要素有比较全面的了解。潘老师最亮眼的表现是在10分钟的时间里，用流利的英语将其教学方案展现出来，而且条理清晰，相关的教学理论、教学方法、商务知识、商务案例均了然于胸，信手拈来，同时口到手到，同步将所讲内容写到白板上，手起笔落，一气呵成。在提问阶段，潘老师的表现依旧出色，理解到位，回答中肯，表现出较高的英语基本功和商务、人文素养。不过有的回答可以再精炼一些。比如在回答第一个问题时，把EGP，EOP，EAP，ESP 的定义都讲了一遍，有点啰嗦。总而言之，潘紫萌在说课中表现突出，是一位素质比较全面、经验比较丰富的优秀商务英语教师。点评专家：陈准民

新启航西班牙语 1（上）Lección 1 Video 123 Lección 9 Canta y recita

交际德语教程（第三版）A2 PPT课件