全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程4

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程3（思政智慧版）

全新版大学英语视听说教程2

《全新版大学英语视听说教程》共四册，每册八单元，突出视听说技能、演讲技能和批判性思维能力的培养。该数字课程每单元包含Listening, Extended Listening, Speaking, TEDTalks, Presentation和Self-test六大部分。听力训练主题广泛、注重听力和记笔记技能的培养，素材包括电视或电台采访、新闻报道、专题讨论等，同时还有与单元主题相关的拓展听力兼顾学生应试需求。口语和语音训练通过人机对话、跟读评分，有效提升学生口语水平。以TED演讲为素材的视频练习，突出记笔记、作演讲能力的培养。数字课程特有的单元自测通过词汇和听力测试有效检验学生的学习效果。

教学素材 | 办公椅臀：克利夫兰诊所专家教你如何预防

办公椅臀：克利夫兰诊所专家教你如何预防Office Chair Butt: Cleveland Clinic Experts on How to Prevent It 六级 | 偏易刘立军供稿You probably know the feeling: after sitting at your desk for hours, your backside feels numb, your lower back is stiff, and your favorite jeans might even be fitting…a little differently. On social media, this modern desk-job woe has earned a name: office chair butt. 你可能对这种感觉再熟悉不过：在办公桌前一坐就是几个小时，臀部发麻、下背僵硬，就连最喜欢的牛仔裤穿起来似乎也……有点不一样了。在社交媒体上，这种现代上班族的常见困扰被戏称为“办公椅臀”。 Although it’s not a formal medical term, it describes a real phenomenon. Sitting for long stretches, especially without proper posture or regular movement, can subtly change the way your body feels and looks. The upside? With a few simple habits, you can prevent these changes and keep your glutes in good shape. 虽然“办公椅臀”并非正式的医学术语，但它确实描述了一种真实存在的现象。长时间久坐——尤其是姿势不对或缺乏规律活动——会悄然改变你身体的感受和姿态。好消息是：只需养成几个简单习惯，就能有效预防这些变化，让臀部保持健康紧实的状态。 Ahead, we’ll explore what causes office chair butt and share simple ways to treat and prevent it, with expert guidance from Cleveland Clinic occupational therapist Michael Milicia, OT. 下文将结合克利夫兰诊所职业治疗师迈克尔·米利西亚的专业建议，深入解析“办公椅臀”的成因，并分享实用的治疗与预防方法。What office chair butt means 什么是“办公椅臀”Office chair butt isn’t an official medical diagnosis, but it is a way to describe a real side effect of our sedentary lifestyles: the weakening and flattening of the gluteal muscles caused by too much sitting. According to the Cleveland Clinic, long hours spent parked in a chair can lead to gluteal muscle atrophy, which is when your muscles start to shrink, soften, and lose their shape. “办公椅臀”不是一个正式的医学诊断，却是对我们久坐生活方式的一种真实写照：因久坐导致臀部肌肉变弱、扁平。据克利夫兰诊所介绍，长时间坐在椅子上可能导致臀肌萎缩，即肌肉开始缩小、变软、失去原有形状。Your gluteal muscles, especially the gluteus maximus, are among the largest and most important muscles in your body. They help stabilize your pelvis, support good posture, and power everyday movements like walking, climbing stairs, and even standing upright. “A lack of conditioning in your gluteus maximus and surrounding tissue leads to weakness, making it build up fat tissue and appear flatter or saggy,” explains Milicia in the Cleveland Clinic’s Health Essentials blog. 臀部肌肉，尤其是臀大肌，是人体最大、最重要的肌群之一。它们不仅帮助稳定骨盆、维持良好体态，还为日常活动提供动力，比如走路、爬楼梯，甚至只是站直身体。“如果臀大肌及其周围组织缺乏锻炼，就会变得无力，进而堆积脂肪，看起来更扁平或松弛，”米利西亚在克利夫兰诊所的健康专栏《健康要闻》（Health Essentials）中解释道。Office chair butt usually isn’t something to panic about. But it is your body’s way of saying it needs more movement—and that’s worth taking seriously. If you’re experiencing pain, tingling, or ongoing discomfort, it’s a good idea to check in with your doctor to rule out any other underlying issues. 通常情况下，“办公椅臀”并不需要过度担忧，但它确实是身体在提醒你：该多动一动了——而这一点值得认真对待。如果你感到疼痛、刺痛或持续不适，建议及时就医，以排除其他潜在问题。What causes office chair butt “办公椅臀”的成因 According to the Cleveland Clinic, the muscle mass that gives your backside its shape is very much a use-it-or-lose-it situation. When your glutes aren’t engaged regularly—especially after hours of sitting—they start to weaken. As the muscle fades, fat can accumulate in its place. Since fat is softer and less structured than muscle, it doesn’t hold shape as well, which can lead to a flatter, less defined appearance. 克利夫兰诊所指出，塑造臀部线条的肌肉量完全遵循“用进废退”的原则。当你长时间久坐，臀肌得不到激活，便会逐渐退化。随着肌肉流失，脂肪便可能取而代之。由于脂肪比肌肉更柔软、结构更松散，无法维持紧致轮廓，最终导致臀部看起来更扁、缺乏线条感。 Sitting for extended periods also reduces circulation, which may contribute to tightness and stiffness, particularly in the lower back and hips. Over time, this lack of movement creates a cycle of discomfort and further muscle loss. 长时间坐着还会减少血液循环，可能引发下背部和髋部的紧绷与僵硬。久而久之，这种缺乏活动的状态会形成一个恶性循环：不适感加剧，肌肉进一步流失。 Posture matters, too. Slouching, leaning to one side, or perching on the edge of your chair puts extra strain on your glutes and lower back. Without proper support and alignment, those muscles stay inactive—and that leads to further weakening. 姿势同样至关重要。瘫坐，或是歪坐，或只坐在椅子边缘，都会给臀部和下背部带来额外压力。如果没有良好的支撑或坐直，这些肌肉会长时间处于“休眠”状态，从而加速退化。How to prevent office chair butt 如何预防“办公椅臀” Sitting for hours on end isn’t great for your body. “The key is to activate your glutes to offset that sitting as much as possible,” says Milicia. You don’t need a complete lifestyle overhaul to prevent or fix office chair butt. A few simple changes can make a big difference, and most of them are easy to start today. 长时间久坐对身体并不友好。“关键在于尽可能多地激活你的臀肌，以抵消久坐带来的负面影响，”米利西亚说道。要预防或改善“办公椅臀”，你并不需要彻底改变生活方式。只需做一些简单的调整，就能带来显著效果——而其中大多数方法，今天就能轻松开始。1. Take movement breaks every hour 每小时活动几次 Little bursts of movement throughout the day can go a long way. “Try to get up and move every 30 to 90 minutes, as your job allows,” Milicia recommends. Set a timer or reminder if you need to. Even short breaks—like walking to the kitchen or stretching at your desk—help keep your muscles engaged. 一天中穿插几次短暂的活动，就能带来显著益处。“尽量每30到90分钟起身活动一下，只要工作允许，”米利西亚建议道。如果容易忘记，不妨设个定时提醒。哪怕是短短几分钟的休息——比如去厨房倒杯水，或在工位旁做几个拉伸动作——都能有效激活肌肉，防止它们“沉睡”。Milicia also suggests making small, intentional choices to add more movement: take the stairs instead of the elevator, or use a bathroom that’s a bit farther from your desk. 米利西亚还鼓励大家有意识地做出一些微小选择，为日常增加更多活动量：比如改走楼梯而非电梯，或特意选择离工位稍远的洗手间。2. Strengthen your glutes 强化臀部肌肉 Your backside is full of strong, powerful muscles—they just need a little attention. Add bodyweight exercises like glute bridges, lunges, and squats to your day. Just a few minutes a day can wake those muscles back up. If you’re unsure about proper technique, consult your healthcare provider to ensure you’re performing the exercises safely and correctly. 你的臀部其实蕴藏着强大而有力的肌肉群，只是需要你稍加关注。不妨在日常中加入一些徒手训练，比如臀桥、弓步和深蹲。每天只需几分钟，就能重新唤醒这些沉睡的肌群。如果你不确定动作是否标准，建议咨询医疗专业人士，确保锻炼安全有效。3. Improve your sitting setup 改善坐姿环境 Your chair should support your lower back, keep your knees level with your hips, and let your feet rest flat on the floor. If you don’t have an ergonomic chair, try a lumbar support pillow and make sure your computer monitor is at eye level so you don’t hunch forward. 一把合适的椅子也至关重要：它应能支撑下背部，使膝盖与髋部保持在同一水平，并让双脚自然平放于地面。若没有人体工学椅，可以加一个腰部支撑靠垫，并确保电脑屏幕与视线齐平，避免身体前倾驼背。4. Stretch your hips 拉伸髋部 A tight front means a weak back. Make time for a few hip stretches during the day, like a kneeling hip flexor stretch or seated figure-four pose, to release tension and improve your posture. 前侧紧张，往往意味着后侧无力。不妨在一天中抽出几分钟做些髋部拉伸，例如跪姿髋屈肌拉伸或坐姿“4”字拉伸，有助于释放紧张、改善体态。5. Stay active outside the office 下班后保持活跃 Walk your dog, ride your bike, go for a swim—whatever gets your body moving. A regular workout routine will not only keep your glutes strong, but improve your overall mood, sleep, and energy. 遛狗、骑车、游泳……只要能让身体动起来的活动都值得尝试。规律的锻炼不仅能强健臀肌，还能提升整体情绪、睡眠质量和精力。6. Try a standing desk 尝试使用站立式办公桌 If it’s an option, alternating between sitting and standing at a desk can work wonders. Just be sure to shift your weight and move regularly as standing still for too long isn’t ideal either. 如果条件允许，在坐姿和站姿之间交替使用办公桌会带来意想不到的效果。但要注意：长时间站立不动同样不理想，应定期变换重心、适当走动。7. Try seated exercises 尝试坐着锻炼 Even when you’re stuck in your chair, you can still get your lower body working. Milicia suggests butt clenches, marching in place, heel lifts, and toe lifts. These subtle movements may not break a sweat, but they help activate your muscles and keep your circulation going. 即使暂时无法离开座位，你依然可以活动下半身。米利西亚推荐一些隐蔽又有效的动作：夹紧臀部、原地踏步、踮脚尖和抬脚趾。这些细微动作虽不会让你大汗淋漓，却能有效激活肌肉、促进血液循环，让久坐的身体保持活力。【词汇】 1. woe n. 痛苦，悲伤 2. diagnosis n. 诊断 3. sedentary adj. 久坐的 4. gluteal muscle 臀部肌肉 5. atrophy n./v. 萎缩，衰退 6. gluteus maximus 臀大肌7. saggy adj.松懈的，下垂的8. tingling adj. 刺痛的9. overhaul n. 大修，改造10. pelvis n. 骨盆 11. slouch v. 无精打采地坐或站 12. lunge n. 弓步 13. squat n. 蹲下，深蹲 14. ergonomic chair 人体工学椅 15. lumbar adj. 腰部的 16. hunch v. 弓背，耸肩 17. kneeling hip flexor stretch 跪姿髋屈肌拉伸18. butt clench夹臀动作 （本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？

Morning shower or evening shower: Which is best? 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？常速 | 四级 偏易 | 408词 | 3min4s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to microbiologist Primrose Freestone, what is a benefit of showering in the morning?A. It removes bacteria from bed sheets.B. It stops you shedding dead skin cells.C. It helps improve sleep quality.D. It eliminates allergens picked up during the day.Q2. What does Nancy Rothstein suggest about evening showers?A. They are necessary to remove pollen and dust.B. They are essential for preparing for bed.C. They are less effective than morning showers.D. They help maintain skin cleanliness during sleep.Q3. According to the text, what can nighttime warm showers improve?A. Skin hydration.B. Body awareness.C. Sleep quality.D. Morning freshness.Q4. What can be inferred about the choice between morning and evening showers?A. It depends on personal preference and lifestyle.B. Morning showers are scientifically proven to be better.C. Evening showers are more beneficial for physical health.D. The choice is irrelevant to maintaining cleanliness.Q5. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To explain the health benefits of evening showers.B. To discuss the impact of showering on sleep quality.C. To highlight the importance of showering daily.D. To compare the advantages of morning and evening showers.Part II. TRANSCRIPTMorning shower or evening shower: Which is best? Do you need an energizing blast of water in the morning to wake you up for the day? Or do you prefer a relaxing, warm shower in the evening to help you wind down as part of your nighttime routine? Maybe you just shower whenever you feel like it. For something so many of us do, this topic is bound to divide opinion and stir up passion from both sides. But is one really better than the other?After a long day in the outside world, picking up pollutants and allergens on your skin and in your hair such as dust and pollen, a reasonable instinct would be to wash it all off before getting into bed. That’s what the evening shower enthusiasts would say. But, says microbiologist Primrose Freestone, no matter the air temperature, you will continue to sweat during the night. Bacteria on your skin then eat the nutrients in your sweat which is what causes BO. Showering at night also doesn’t stop you shedding dead skin cells. All this means you may not wake up feeling as fresh as you had hoped. [Q1] Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. “As a microbiologist, I am a day shower advocate,” she says.allergens n. 过敏原pollen n. 花粉nutrient n. 营养物质microbiologist n. 微生物学家BO (body odor) 汗臭，体臭But it’s not all about cleanliness. Nancy Rothstein, who calls herself The Sleep Ambassador, is concerned with sleep quality. (Q2) In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. “Call it an opportunity to shower yourself with mindfulness,” she says. And research backs this up. (Q3) A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep.(Q4) What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. If you’re someone who can’t fully relax in bed until you’ve showered, you’re likely an evening shower person. Whereas, if you can’t stand the idea of putting on fresh, clean clothes in the morning when you haven’t showered, then a morning rinse is probably more your style. Whenever you choose to shower, Primrose Freestone says it’s important to clean your bed sheets regularly to remove all the sweat, bacteria and dead skin cells that build up and can negatively affect the effectiveness of your showers.rinse n. 冲洗Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. 意为：早上洗澡可以帮助去除床单上的死皮细胞、汗液或任何细菌。正确答案为A。Q2.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处：In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. 意为：在她看来，晚上洗澡是“准备就寝”过程中必不可少的一环。正确答案为B。Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处：A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep. 意为：2019年发表在《睡眠医学评论》上的一项系统性研究发现，每晚在睡前一到两个小时进行温水淋浴或沐浴可以改善睡眠。正确答案为C。Q4.【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处：What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. 意为：归根结底，这取决于你想在什么时候感觉最清爽。由此可以推断，选择早上或晚上洗澡取决于个人偏好和生活方式，因此正确答案为A。Q5.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。整篇文章主要讨论了早上洗澡和晚上洗澡的优缺点，并比较了它们的不同效果。因此正确答案为D。 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 空气污染伤害儿童大脑

空气污染伤害儿童大脑Air pollution damages young brains常速 | 六级 偏易 | 846词 | 5min57s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What are some health issues caused by air pollution according to Maria Neira?A. Stroke, asthma, and lung cancer.B. Diabetes and arthritis.C. Obesity and high blood pressure.D. Depression and anxiety.Q2. Why are children more vulnerable to air pollution?A. They spend less time indoors.B. They are less likely to follow safety guidelines.C. They are more exposed to household fuels.D. They have faster breathing rates and developing lungs.Q3. What measures can individuals take to reduce exposure to air pollution?A. Avoiding cooking at home.B. Using cleaner fuels for cooking.C. Exercising in congested areas.D. Spending more time outdoors.Q4. What does Maria Neira imply about government actions on air pollution?A. Governments have done enough to combat air pollution.B. Individual efforts are more effective than government actions.C. Bold legislation and interventions are essential.D. Air pollution is not a priority for most governments.Q5. Which city has reduced air pollution by 50% in the last 20 years?A. Paris.B. London.C. Bogota.D. New Delhi.Q6. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To explain the causes of air pollution.B. To highlight the impact of air pollution on health and possible solutions.C. To discuss the economic effects of air pollution.D. To analyze the history of air pollution in major cities.Part II. TRANSCRIPTAir pollution damages young brainsVGS: What if the air your child is breathing is harming their brain? Stealing them of their chance to learn, thrive and grow? This invisible danger is real, urgent and happening now. We are talking about air pollution and its impact on our brain, and what countries are doing to stop it, from London to Bogota. New studies have emerged linking air pollution to dementia, anxiety and depression affecting your brain and mental health. We are talking to Doctor Maria Neira today. Welcome, Maria. Let’s start with the impact of air pollution on our health.dementia n. 痴呆MN: Thanks Vismita. Yes. Air pollution is the biggest environmental risk factor for our health. Every year we have 7 million deaths caused by exposure to air pollution. This is a horrible number. Let me give you another figure. Nine out of ten people in the world is breathing air, which quality’s not aligned with the recommendations, the guidelines of the World Health Organization. Those little tiny particles in the polluted air, they can go very deep in our lungs. And they can affect as well our brain. (Q1) But air pollution is not just affecting our lungs and our brain; it’s affecting as well the rest of our body responsible for stroke, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, and even lung cancer.align v. 对齐，使一致cardiovascular adj. 心血管的asthma n. 哮喘VGS: So, Maria, you talked about the tiny particles, the PM 2.5 and PM10 that we’ve all heard about, right. But it’s not just that. It’s also the gases, the carbon monoxide, ozone, etc., right? I remember when we were in New Delhi, our child, my daughter, was very young at that time. We worried about her lung health, but we also worried about her cognitive development in that kind of air pollution. Can you elaborate on the impact of air pollution on children’s health?monoxide n. 一氧化物cognitive adj. 认知的MN: Let me give you an example. When you are pregnant, if you are exposed to high levels of pollution, then you might be at risk of low birth weight, premature birth, and even problems from the development of the fetus. As a child, this child, exposed to high levels of pollution, will have difficulties and more likely to develop asthma, for instance, in later in life, chronic health issues. In addition to that, (Q2) children are obviously more at risk first because they are on development. They have little lungs in their bodies developing, and then they breathe faster than we do. So they take more quantity of air for their size, and they play outside so that we have more exposure and they cannot control the exposure. So it’s our responsibility to protect them and make sure that the health of our children is develop in a healthy environment.fetus n. 胎儿VGS: Maria, if nine out of ten people are breathing polluted air, how can we protect our health?MN: We definitely have some individual measures we can take. We can reduce exposure by avoiding maybe the most trafficked roads or the most congested areas in the city where you leave for avoiding to practice a sport or walking in those very polluted places, (Q3) or even at home looking at the fuels you use for cooking and making sure that you use the cleanest possible ones. However, those are the individual choices and you are not always able to take those choices. (Q4) So it’s more a question of governments taking very bold legislation, measures and interventions to protect all of us.trafficked adj. 交通繁忙的congested adj. 堵塞的，拥挤的VGS: So, Maria, we know that this feels overwhelming, right? Feels like what can individuals do? Can you give us examples of cities or countries where this has been turned around and air pollution has been reduced drastically?MN: Absolutely. And we have perfect demonstration that it can be done. For instance, the European Union, the European Parliament has just adopted a directive on air quality, which is very much aligned to WTO recommendations and guidelines. That will create a big protection for the health of the Europeans under that legislation. We have examples as well in China, where they have demonstrated that you can reduce air pollution while still maintaining a good economic growth. And then cities, you can obtain incredible results. (Q5) The mayor of Paris has been able to reduce by 50% in the last 20 years the air pollution and therefore all the diseases associated by putting in place some traffic recommendations, green spaces, and more lines for pedestrians and bicycles. We have the London experience as well ultra low emissions zones, demonstrating that air pollution was reduced and respiratory diseases associated. (We) have Colombia. In Bogota, they are putting in place a fleet of buses which are 100% electric. And so there are very good examples. There are many, but we need to push for more. And of course, imagine where everybody will be aware and putting in place these directives and recommendations. It would be a healthier environment for all of us and our health will be so much benefited.ultra adj. 超级的respiratory adj. 呼吸的VGS: Thank you Maria. That was Science in Five today. And until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy, and stick with science.Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：But air pollution is not just affecting our lungs, and our brain is affecting as well the rest of our body responsible for stroke, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, and even lung cancer. 意为：空气污染不仅影响我们的肺和大脑，还影响我们的身体其他部分，导致中风、心血管疾病、哮喘，甚至肺癌。因此正确答案为A。Q2.【答案】D【解析】细节题。题目出处：Children are obviously more at risk first because they are on development. They have little lungs in their bodies developing, and then they breathe faster than we do. 意为：儿童显然更容易受影响，首先是因为他们处于发育阶段；他们的肺部还在发育，并且呼吸频率比我们快。因此正确答案为D。Q3.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处：... even at home looking at the fuels you use for cooking and making sure that you use the cleanest possible ones. 意为：甚至在家里，也要检查你用来做饭的燃料，确保使用尽可能清洁的燃料。因此正确答案为B。Q4.【答案】C【解析】推理题。题目出处：So it’s more a question of governments taking very bold legislation, measures and interventions to protect all of us. 意为：所以更重要的是政府采取非常大胆的立法、措施和干预来保护我们所有人。由此可以推断，玛丽亚认为政府采取果断措施是解决空气污染的关键，因此正确答案为C。Q5.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：The mayor of Paris has been able to reduce by 50% in the last 20 years the air pollution. 意为：巴黎市长在过去20年里将空气污染减少了50%。因此正确答案为A。Q6.【答案】B【解析】主旨题。文章主要讨论了空气污染对健康的影响，并提供了可能的解决方案。题目出处：We are talking about air pollution and its impact on our brain. And what countries are doing to stop it. 意为：我们在讨论空气污染及其对我们大脑的影响，以及各国正在采取的措施来阻止它。因此正确答案为B。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 美国医保高管谋杀案嫌犯出庭

美国医保高管谋杀案嫌犯出庭Suspect in US Health Boss Murder Appears in Court 常速 | 五级（CET-4）较难 | 167词 | 59s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. How was the level of security described during Luigi Mangione’s appearance in court?A. There was a minimal police presence.B. Security was so tight that it was described as intense.C. Only a few security officers were visible.D. The security measures were not mentioned in the report.Q2. What is the specific federal charge against Luigi Mangione, and which states have brought additional charges?A. Terrorism; New York and Pennsylvania.B. Insider trading; New York and California.C. Murder; New York and Pennsylvania.D. Embezzlement; Florida and Texas.Q3. What was the reaction of a segment of the public to the case as indicated by the presence of a poster?A. They were protesting against the health insurance industry.B. They were advocating for wealth redistribution.C. They were demanding justice for the victim.D. They were showing support for the defendant.Q4. What was the significance of the parade-like display when Luigi Mangione was handed back to New York?A. It was a common procedure for high-profile defendants.B. It was a show of force by law enforcement.C. It was a publicity stunt by the defendant’s legal team.D. It was an unusual event, reflecting the gravity of the case. Part II. TRANSCRIPTSuspect in US Health Boss Murder Appears in Court Hello, I’m Moira Alderson with the BBC News. (Q1) The suspect accused of shooting dead the US health insurance boss, Brian Thompson, has appeared in court in New York amid intense security. (Q2) Luigi Mangione faces a federal charge of murder, as well as charges brought by the states of New York and Pennsylvania. (Q3) A small number of supporters gathered outside the courtroom, one with a poster reading health over Wealth. Netitafik is following the case.(Q4) There was such a dramatic parade of Luigi Mangione in front of the cameras as he was handed back to New York. It’s something that I’ve quite frankly not seen in the past. Of course, he is a special kind of defendant given the circumstances of the alleged crime. But he was flown to New York, taken off of the helicopter and flanked by heavily armed law enforcement from several agencies, followed by New York’s mayor, Eric Adams, the police chief, the chief of detectives, and then brought straight to that federal courthouse.frankly adv. 坦率地，直白地defendant n. 被告，受审者armed adj. 武装的，装备武器的Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。根据“The suspect accused of shooting dead the US health insurance boss, Brian Thompson, has appeared in court in New York amid intense security.”，可知被指控射杀美国医疗保险老板Brian Thompson的嫌疑人在在严密的安保措施下出现在纽约法庭。因此，安全措施被描述为非常严密，答案为B。Q2. C.【解析】细节题。根据“Luigi Mangione faces a federal charge of murder, as well as charges brought by the states of New York and Pennsylvania.”，可知Luigi Mangione面临联邦的谋杀指控，以及由纽约州和宾夕法尼亚州提出的指控。因此答案为C。Q3. A.【解析】细节题。根据“A small number of supporters gathered outside the courtroom, one with a poster reading health over Wealth.”，可知一小群支持者聚集在法庭外，其中一人举着一个海报，上面写着“健康胜过财富”。这表明部分公众对医疗保险行业持抗议态度，答案为A。Q4. D.【解析】主旨题。根据“There was such a dramatic parade of Luigi Mangione in front of the cameras as he was handed back to New York... Of course, he is a special kind of defendant given the circumstances of the alleged crime.”，可知Luigi Mangione被交回纽约时，在摄像机前进行了一场戏剧性的游行...当然，鉴于所指控的犯罪情况，他是一个特别的被告。这表明“游行式”押送是不寻常的，反映了案件的严重性。因此答案为D。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 写作提升小技巧

写作提升小技巧Tips for Better Writing慢速 | 四级（高考）标准 | 493词 | 3min57s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What does Jennifer Ahern-Dodson inquire about when starting a conversation about writing?A. The preferred writing styles of her students.B. Their previous encounters with writing, whether negative or positive.C. The most common mistakes made in academic writing.D. The students’ and professors’ favorite types of essays to write.Q2. What does the report suggest is a primary concern for students when writing papers?A. The ability to express their personal opinions.B. The complexity of the research topic.C. The exact length and format requirements of the paper.D. The quality of their grammar and punctuation.Q3. What can be inferred about the impact of anxiety on writing from the report?A. It is beneficial for writers to feel anxious about their work.B. Anxiety can significantly hinder the writing process.C. Anxiety is only a problem for writers who are not native speakers.D. Anxiety is irrelevant to the quality of writing.Q4. What advice does Jennifer Ahern-Dodson give to help writers shift their focus from the final product?A. To contemplate the consequences of not doing well.B. To consider the personal significance of the subject matter.C. To worry about the length and format of the paper.D. To focus on the audience and what they want to convey. Q5. What is the main purpose of the Education Report segment according to the text?A. To provide tips for better writing.B. To discuss the challenges of writing in a second language.C. To promote the work of Jennifer Ahern-Dodson.D. To announce upcoming events at Duke University.Part II. TRANSCRIPTTips for Better WritingToday we continue our series of expert suggestions for academic writing. Our guest is Jennifer Ahern-Dodson, assistant professor of the Practice in Writing Studies at Duke University in North Carolina.Ms. Ahern-Dodson starts a conversation with both students and professors planning to write a paper or essay. (Q1) She asks about their earlier writing experiences. Were they negative or positive?She advises that you are not alone if you have had problems with your writing. She says everyone struggles with writing.“Writing is hard. All writers struggle at some point. And even if writing has come easily for you, at some point in your work as a student, that eventually you’re going to hit a roadblock. And so part of what I like to get folks thinking about is — besides writing’s hard for everybody — is to really take a moment to think about their past writing experiences. And when the writing is going well, what was happening? When the writing wasn’t going well, what was happening?”She says most people’s negative writing experiences happened because a very special formula is required for a paper including an exact length.“(Q2) And so they primarily focus on, and worry about, what the final product has to look like, like how many pages for a research essay? Or if it is in the second or third language, you know, punctuation and grammar, like whether it gets communicated in the right language.”punctuation n. 标点符号“And so focusing on the end makes it really hard to get started.”Another problem can arise when the need to do well on a paper is extremely important.“...like a timed essay exam, or a college application essay, or a research paper that is at the end of the semester, and it’s tied to the entire grade for the class. (Q3) So worrying about what will happen if they don’t do well — get bad grades, don’t get into college — creates, of course, significant anxiety. And that can make it harder to get the writing done.”Then she and the people she’s helping move to more positive projects. She says usually when writing comes easily, the writers feel they have something important to say.The teacher advises asking yourself questions. What personal understanding of the subject can you bring to your paper? Why is this subject important? For whom is it meaningful? Who will be reading it?“(Q4) Think about who your audience is, and what it is that you really want to say to them. And what that can do is help you switch from the final product and what it can look like (to) really more on what you have to offer, your particular perspective.”She says that is an important change for all writers.Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。根据“She asks about their earlier writing experiences. Were they negative or positive?”，可知Dodson她关注的是他们之前写作的经历，是消极的还是积极的。因此答案是B。Q2. C.【解析】细节题。根据“And so they primarily focus on, and worry about, what the final product has to look like, like how many pages for a research essay?”，可知学生们主要关注并担心最终产品的样子，比如研究论文需要多少页？这表明学生在写作时最关心的是论文的确切长度和格式要求。因此答案是C。Q3. B.【解析】推理题。根据“So worrying about what will happen if they don’t do well ... creates, of course, significant anxiety. And that can make it harder to get the writing done.”，可知担心表现不佳会产生焦虑，而这种焦虑会使写作变得更加困难。因此答案是B。Q4. D.【解析】细节题。根据“Think about who your audience is, and what it is that you really want to say to them.”，可知Dodson建议作家思考他们的读者是谁，以及他们真正想要传达的信息，以帮助他们从过分关注最终产品，转向更关注自己想要提供的内容上。因此答案是D。Q5. A.【解析】主旨题。整个文本的主旨在于提供写作建议，这可以从标题“Tips for Better Writing”和整个报道的内容中得出。因此答案是A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 法国八人因参与教师谋杀案被定罪

法国八人因参与教师谋杀案被定罪Eight Convicted in France for Role in Teacher’s Murder常速| 六级（CET-6）易 | 150词 | 48s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. How many people were sentenced to jail for their involvement in the murder?A. Five.B. Six.C. Seven.D. Eight.Q2. What was the maximum sentence given to those convicted in the trial?A. 10 years in jail.B. 12 years in jail.C. 14 years in jail.D. 16 years in jail.Q3. What can be inferred about the nature of the support provided to the killer?A. It was solely financial.B. It was only moral support.C. It included both moral and material support.D. It was limited to providing weapons.Q4. What was the role of Brahim Chnina in the events leading to the teacher’s murder?A. He was the schoolteacher who was murdered.B. He was the father of a schoolgirl who initiated an online campaign against the teacher.C. He provided moral support to the killer.D. He was one of the friends who helped the killer buy weapons.Q5. What was Abdelhakim Sefrioui’s involvement in the case?A. He was a radical Islamic activist who helped Chnina.B. He was the Islamist killer who was shot dead by police.C. He was the schoolteacher who was murdered.D. He was one of the four people sharing messages on a radical chat line.Part II. TRANSCRIPTEight Convicted in France for Role in Teacher's Murder(Q1) A French court has convicted eight people for their part in helping the Islamist killer of a schoolteacher, Samuel Paty, four years ago. (Q2) They were sentenced to up to 16 years in jail. Hugh Schofield reports from Paris. In the absence of the killer who was shot dead by police at the scene. (Q3) This trial was of people who, it was claimed, provided him with support, moral or material. (Q4) Among these are Brahim Chnina, the father of a schoolgirl whose lies about Paty’s freedom of speech class triggered the dreadful chain of events. Chnina started an online campaign against the teacher (Q5) and enlisted the help of a radical Islamic activist, Abdelhakim Sefrioui, who was also now being convicted. Two friends of the killer who are with him when he bought weapons were also found guilty, as were four people with whom he shared messages on a radical chat line.sentence v. 宣判，判刑dreadful adj. 可怕的，糟糕的 Part III. KEYQ1. D.【解析】细节题。根据“A French court has convicted eight people for their part in helping the Islamist killer of a schoolteacher, Samuel Paty, four years ago.”，可知有8个人因参与帮助杀手而被判刑。因此答案是D。Q2. D.【解析】细节题。根据“They were sentenced to up to 16 years in jail.”，可知此次被定罪的人中，最长的刑期是16年监禁。因此答案是D。Q3. C.【解析】推理题。根据：“This trial was of people who, it was claimed, provided him with support, moral or material.”，可知被审判的这些人为凶手提供的支持既包括了道德支持也包括了物质支持。因此答案是C。Q4. B.【解析】细节题。根据“Among these are Brahim Chnina, the father of a schoolgirl whose lies about Paty’s freedom of speech class triggered the dreadful chain of events. Shenina started an online campaign against the teacher.”，可知Brahim Chnina是一个女学生的父亲，他发起了反对该教师的网络运动。因此答案是B。Q5. A.【解析】细节题。根据“and enlisted the help of a radical Islamic activist, Abdelhakim Sefrioui, who was also now being convicted.”，可知Sefrioui是一个激进的伊斯兰活动分子，他帮助了Shenina。因此答案是A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

第12届教学大赛商务英语组特等奖潘紫萌说课

说课点评：在30分钟的准备时间里，读完、理解一篇800多词的商务英语文章，记住文章的结构和要点，设计出一套有理论指导、教学理念清晰、目标合理、结构完整、方法得当，最好再带点创新的教学方案，然后在10分钟的时间里，用英语条理清晰地把它展示出来，这对任何商务英语教师来讲都是一项重大的挑战。潘紫萌老师首先分析了课文，根据内容将其解构成三大部分。选手将第二部分（第3-8段）归纳成 promotion, price and place 和将第三部分（第9段）归纳成对计划进入中国市场的外国企业的忠告，这都是正确的。但是，她把第一部分（第1-2段）归纳成product，进而把前两部分归纳成营销学中著名的4P战略，这种做法有待商榷。因为课文的第1段主要讲两个问题：1）营销战略如何在中国成功，2）这些战略如何根据中国人的喜好以及对产品或服务的认知进行调整，而不是具体的产品。也许是准备的时间非常紧迫，选手对课文的理解和归纳出现了偏差。然后，潘老师分析了学生的特点。在教学模式上，她采取以学生为中心、以产出为导向的教学模式。其教学目标包括商务英语知识、商务技能和伦理价值。在具体的教学方法上，她例举了基于任务的教学、基于讨论的教学、案例教学、学生参与的测评等，并强调要综合利用线上线下教学资源。在学习测评上，她采用师生共同参与的方式，以增强教学效果。至于具体的教学步骤，她采用BOPPPS模式，再加课后作业。以上教学方案应该说中规中矩，显示出潘老师对商务英语教学的理论、模式、方法和测评等各要素有比较全面的了解。潘老师最亮眼的表现是在10分钟的时间里，用流利的英语将其教学方案展现出来，而且条理清晰，相关的教学理论、教学方法、商务知识、商务案例均了然于胸，信手拈来，同时口到手到，同步将所讲内容写到白板上，手起笔落，一气呵成。在提问阶段，潘老师的表现依旧出色，理解到位，回答中肯，表现出较高的英语基本功和商务、人文素养。不过有的回答可以再精炼一些。比如在回答第一个问题时，把EGP，EOP，EAP，ESP 的定义都讲了一遍，有点啰嗦。总而言之，潘紫萌在说课中表现突出，是一位素质比较全面、经验比较丰富的优秀商务英语教师。点评专家：陈准民

第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然说课

说课点评：胡笑然老师在说课环节清晰地表达了对所给文章的文本理解和基于语篇主题意义探究而开展教学的基本认识。在拿到文章后的短暂时间内，该选手对语篇进行了审读，并在此基础上快速构思了90分钟的教学设计，形成了基本的教学步骤。根据教学设计，胡老师计划选择与语篇主题相关的短视频为导入，激发学生的学习兴趣；然后以解读语篇为抓手，对语篇的主题、结构、语言、文体等方面进行分析。胡老师按照学生“学后能做”为目的，确定本课的教学目标并介绍了具体的教学步骤。她在教学设计中体现了自己的教学理念和对课文的独到见解，将课文分为三个部分，对每一部分的内容和结构进行了必要的讲解。通过解析语篇的主题，确定了语篇的中心思想，之后列举了语篇的核心概念、关键名词以及相关修饰词及其功能。胡老师将教学目标设定为学生“能做”，即能够理解语篇的主题意义，能够发现篇章结构的特征，能够与话题相同但来源不同的同类文章进行对比从而激发学生的批判性思维，能够从文章的体裁、结构、修辞等方面学习、理解和掌握语篇的关键词语，以及作者对关键概念的词语修饰和语言表达。教学设计安排了学生的小组讨论，要求学生形成有具体步骤的思维导图和概念关联，并在课堂上融入思政元素，并进行必要的陈述。最后一个环节为开放性的讨论，引导学生对不同的观点进行评论。胡老师基于丰富的教学经验和对学情的分析判断，对教学目的、教学重点、教学环节以及设计缘由作了清晰的陈述，显示了其对教学语篇的基本认识和语篇教学娴熟的驾驭能力。说课目的明确，条理清晰，设计突出主题，有一定的感染力，突出学生主体，采用活动途径，倡导体验参与，重视培养学生批判性思维和论说能力，所设计的教学环节有较好的可操作性。从整体上看，胡笑然老师有较高的人文素养和自己的教学风格，语言流畅，表述准确，知识面较广，该说课达到了较高的水准。不过胡笑然老师的时间把控不佳，说课缺乏完整性，强调篇章结构和概念理解，但忽略了教学评的一致性和一体化设计。建议她在今后的教学设计中更加重视学生在语言知识、语言技能、文化内涵、思维心智、情感态度等方面的综合发展和有效评价，积极采用探究式、任务型、交互性的教学方法，加强课外作业的安排和指导，促进学生在语言能力、人文素养、科学思维等方面的同步发展。点评专家：梅德明

“传播中国”大学英语进阶教程（下册）Unit 6 Video

高职国际英语：进阶综合教程（第2版）第2册 Unit 8 TOP课件（试用版）