全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程2

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程2的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程2

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程1

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程1的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

教学素材 | 锻炼的最佳时间真的存在吗？

锻炼的最佳时间真的存在吗？Is there a best time to exercise?词汇：四级 | 句法：四级 | 文本：四级刘立军供稿With our already busy lives, finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our ‘to do’ list. So maybe it would help if there was ‘a best time’ to exercise? Could exercising at certain times help maximize our fitness goals? The answer is ‘yes’, but it’s easier than you think — no matter who you are, or when you like to work out.在我们已经忙碌不堪的生活中，抽时间锻炼可能感觉像是又给我们的“待办清单”新增了一项任务。那么，是否存在一个“最佳锻炼时间”呢？在特定时间锻炼，是否能帮助我们最大化达成健身目标呢？答案是肯定的，而且比你想象的要简单——无论你是谁，或者你喜欢什么时候锻炼，都可以找到适合自己的方式。There are clear benefits to exercising in the morning. Many of us have more free time compared to later in the day, and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine. 晨练有着明显的好处。与一天中的其他时段相比，许多人早晨的时间更充裕，因此更容易坚持晨练的习惯。A study published in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise found that participants who exercised in the morning increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could also burn more fat and increase metabolism, which means you’ll continue to burn calories throughout the day. 发表在《运动医学与科学》上的一项研究发现，参与早晨锻炼的人在一整天中身体活动量增加，受到食物的干扰减少，并且睡眠质量更好。空腹晨练还能燃烧更多脂肪并提高新陈代谢，这意味着在一整天里都能持续消耗热量。So, good news for early birds, but what if you’re not a morning person?所以，早起确实有早起的好处，但如果你不是喜欢早起的人呢？Working out in the afternoon or evening also has benefits, just different ones. For example, your body’s ability to perform peaks in the afternoon, according to a 2010 study by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 下午或晚上锻炼也有好处，只是优势有所不同。例如，根据《斯堪的纳维亚运动医学与科学杂志》2010年的一项研究，人体在下午时段的运动表现达到最佳状态。Also, in the afternoon and evening, your reaction time is quickest, and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest, which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance.此外，在下午和晚上，你的反应速度最快，心率和血压最低，这不仅降低了受伤风险，还能提升运动表现。But does any of this change depending on whether you’re a man or a woman? Our bodies are different, after all, so the best time to exercise may be different too. A 2022 study from Skidmore College, New York, looked at exactly this question and the results showed that there are some differences.但这些结论是否会因性别不同而有所变化呢？毕竟，男性和女性的身体存在差异，因此锻炼的最佳时间也可能不同。纽约斯基德莫尔学院2022年的一项研究正好探讨了这个问题，结果显示确实存在一些差异。Want to reduce your blood pressure and you’re a woman? Exercise in the morning. Want to improve your heart health and you’re a man? Evening is better for you. But, ultimately, the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day.例如，如果你想降低血压，对于女性来说，早晨锻炼效果更佳；而如果你是男性，想改善心脏健康，晚上锻炼对你更有益。但最终，该研究发现，无论男女，在一天中的这两个时段锻炼都有明确的益处。So what time is best? It seems the answer is: whatever time is best for you!那么，什么时间锻炼最好呢？看来答案是：最适合你的时间，就是最佳时间！【词汇】1. maximize v. 最大化，使达到最大值2. workout n. 锻炼，健身活动3. metabolism n. 新陈代谢4. peak v. 达到高峰，达到最佳状态5. ultimately adv. 最终，从根本上来说 （本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

教学素材 | 通晓多门语言的人是如何学习语言的？

通晓多门语言的人是如何学习语言的？How do polyglots learn languages?词汇：考研 | 句法：高考 | 文本：考研刘立军供稿How many languages do you speak? For most people, it can be hard learning just one foreign language. Lydia Machova, a Slovakian polyglot and language mentor, is currently fluent in seven foreign languages and says she likes to learn a new language every two years! So how do polyglots like Lydia learn multiple languages successfully, and what can we learn from their methods? 你会说几种语言？对大多数人来说，掌握一门外语已经很不容易了。斯洛伐克一位通晓多门语言者兼语言导师莉迪亚·马霍娃目前已能流利使用七门外语，还表示自己喜欢每两年就学一门新语言！那么，像莉迪亚这样的多语言者是如何成功掌握多种语言的？我们又能从他们的方法中学到什么？Lydia wanted to find out the different techniques polyglots use, and she found a wide variety of methods. Some use language exchange apps to find native speakers so that they can start speaking from day one. Others watch series they love with subtitles, and some use techniques like ‘shadowing’ – listening to and repeating target language to master pronunciation. 莉迪亚想了解多语言者所使用的不同方法，结果发现，大家的方法五花八门。有人通过语言交际app找到母语者，第一天就能开口练习；有人看自己感兴趣的带字幕的连续剧；还有人采用“影子跟读法”——通过听和模仿目标语言来掌握发音。Kato Lomb was described by the linguist Krashen as “possibly the most accomplished polyglot in the world”. She was a Hungarian who spoke 16 languages! Her approach to learning focused on extensive reading and self-study. So, while there are lots of different approaches, in her 2019 TED Talk, Lydia concluded that the one thing polyglots all have in common is an interest and motivation to learn. 语言学家克拉申曾如此形容卡托·伦布（Kato Lomb）：“她可能是世界上最杰出的语言天才”，因为这位匈牙利女性掌握了16种语言！她的学习方式以广泛阅读和自学为主。尽管语言的学习方法多种多样，在2019年的TED演讲中，莉迪亚总结道：所有掌握多门语言的人有一个共同点，那就是对学习语言充满兴趣，动力十足。However, some linguists argue that viral videos showing polyglots switching between languages often rely on memorised phrases rather than proving genuine conversational ability. Benny Lewis, author and creator of the website Fluent in 3 Months, thinks it’s important to be open and honest about your competency in a language. He discusses having varying levels of proficiency in the languages he speaks, from basic conversation to near-native fluency. 然而，一些语言学家指出，网上流行的那些展示多语言者在不同语言间自由切换的视频，往往依赖于事先背诵好的短语，而非真正具备流畅的对话能力。“三个月流利说外语”网站的作者兼创始人本尼·刘易斯认为，对自己掌握一门语言的程度保持开放和诚实非常重要。他提到，自己对所掌握的语言的水平各有不同，从基础对话到接近母语流利程度不等。So, the professionals say enjoy yourself when learning. We recommend you try some of these suggestions, find the right method for you and stick to it! 因此，专业人士建议，在学习语言的过程中要享受乐趣。我们推荐你尝试以上这些方法，找到最适合自己的方法，并坚持下去！【词汇】1. polyglot n. 通晓多种语言的人 2. mentor n. 导师，指导者 3. subtitle n. 字幕 4. linguist n. 语言学家 5. extensive adj. 广泛的，全面的 6. viral adj. 迅速流行的 7. competency n. 能力（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

时文阅读 | 睡前刷手机的隐性代价：一小时究竟如何偷走你的睡眠？

时文选读 | 睡前刷手机的隐性代价：一小时究竟如何偷走你的睡眠？The Hidden Cost of Bedtime Screen Time: How One Hour Can Impact Your Sleep六级偏难| 345词 刘立军供稿Part I. PassageSleep experts have long emphasized the dangers of using smartphones in bed, and a new study provides compelling evidence about how harmful this habit can be.According to research conducted among over 45,000 university students in Norway, spending just one hour on screens after bedtime is linked to a 59% higher risk of insomnia and an average reduction of 24 minutes in sleep duration.Interestingly, the type of screen activity — whether scrolling through social media, watching movies, or studying — doesn’t seem to matter as much as the total time spent using screens in bed. Researchers attribute this to ‘time displacement,’ where screen usage delays sleep by taking up time that would otherwise be spent resting.Gunnhild Johnsen Hjetland from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health stated, ‘We found no significant differences between social media and other screen activities, suggesting that screen use itself is the key factor in sleep disruption.’This study highlights a growing disconnect between technology use and sleep hygiene among young adults. Despite widespread knowledge about sleep’s importance for mental and physical health, modern bedtime routines increasingly involve screens, apps, and notifications — keeping the brain alert long after lights out.Chelsie Rohrscheib, a neuroscientist and sleep specialist, further explains the potential physiological impact of bedtime screen use, especially activities like doomscrolling, which can trigger stress responses in the brain.The research, based on data from the 2022 Students’ Health and Wellbeing survey, analyzed participants’ screen habits and their self-reported sleep metrics. These included average sleep duration, difficulty falling or staying asleep, daytime fatigue, and chronic sleep disturbances lasting three months or more.The findings were clear: more screen time in bed correlated with poorer sleep quality and duration. Contrary to expectations, social media was not uniquely disruptive compared to other screen-based activities.Hjetland summarized, ‘If screen use displaces time that could otherwise be used for sleep, this may explain the reduction in sleep duration.’As sleep problems among students continue to rise, the study underscores the need for better awareness and practices to balance technology use with healthy sleep habits.【词汇】1. doomscroll v. 浏览大量负面消息 Part II. QuestionsQ1. What is the main idea of the text?A. Social media is the primary cause of sleep problems in young adults.B. Bedtime screen use has significant negative effects on sleep quality.C. Sleep hygiene is more important than reducing screen time.D. Modern technology has improved sleep habits among university students.Q2. What is the main finding of the Norwegian study on bedtime screen use?A. Screen use after bedtime causes a 59% higher risk of insomnia.B. Social media is more harmful than other screen activities.C. Screen use before bedtime improves sleep hygiene in young adults.D. Watching movies before sleep has no impact on sleep quality.Q3. What is the key reason screen use disrupts sleep, according to the researchers?A. It triggers stress responses in the brain.B. It leads to increased notifications and alerts at night.C. It causes chronic sleep disturbances lasting months.D. It displaces time that could be used for sleep.Q4. What does Chelsie Rohrscheib suggest about doomscrolling before sleep?A. It improves mental alertness during the day.B. It reduces stress responses in the brain.C. It triggers stress responses and affects sleep.D. It helps people fall asleep more quickly.Q5. What can be inferred about the impact of bedtime screen use on young adults?A. It may lead to long-term sleep disorders if not addressed.B. It has no significant effect on their academic performance.C. It helps them relax before falling asleep.D. It is less harmful than other nighttime habits.Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】B【解析】主旨题。题目出处为：Sleep experts have long emphasized the dangers of using smartphones in bed, and a new study provides compelling evidence about how harmful this habit can be. 意为：“睡眠专家长期以来一直强调在床上使用智能手机的危害，而一项新研究则提供了有力证据，表明这一习惯究竟有多有害。” 文章主要讨论了睡前浏览各种电子屏幕对睡眠质量显著的负面影响，因此正确答案为B。Q2. 【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处为：… spending just one hour on screens after bedtime is linked to a 59% higher risk of insomnia and an average reduction of 24 minutes in sleep duration. 意为：“睡前仅在屏幕上花费一小时，就会使失眠风险增加59%，且平均睡眠时长会减少24分钟。”该句明确指出了挪威此项研究的主要发现，因此正确答案为A。Q3. 【答案】D【解析】细节题。题目出处为：Researchers attribute this to ‘time displacement,’ where screen usage delays sleep by taking up time that would otherwise be spent resting. 意为：“研究人员将其归因于‘时间置换’，即屏幕使用占用了本应用于休息的时间，从而推迟了睡眠。” 该句清晰地解释了使用屏幕对睡眠造成干扰的原因，因此正确答案为D。Q4. 【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处为：Chelsie Rohrscheib, a neuroscientist and sleep specialist, further explains the potential physiological impact of bedtime screen use, especially activities like doomscrolling, which can trigger stress responses in the brain. 意为：“神经科学家兼睡眠专家切尔西·罗尔谢布进一步解释了睡前使用屏幕尤其是浏览负面信息等活动可能带来的生理影响，这类活动会触发大脑中的应激反应。” 该句明确指出浏览负面信息会触发应激反应并影响睡眠，因此正确答案为C。Q5. 【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处为：As sleep problems among students continue to rise, the study underscores the need for better awareness and practices to balance technology use with healthy sleep habits. 意为：“随着学生群体中睡眠问题的持续增加，该研究强调了提高意识、培养良好习惯的重要性，以在使用科技产品与健康睡眠之间取得平衡。” 由此可以推断，如果不加以解决，睡前使用屏幕可能会导致长期的睡眠问题，因此正确答案为A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 和朋友一起锻炼的意外好处

和朋友一起锻炼的意外好处The Surprising Benefits of Exercising with Friends常速 | 四级 中等 | 1006词 | 4min47s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to the text, what can make exercising feel less tiring and more energizing?A. Daily meditation.B. Listening to music.C. Exercising with family and friends.D. Taking frequent breaks.Q2. What was the primary purpose of the experiment with 25 teenage rowers at Fulham Reach Boat Club?A. To test new rowing techniques.B. To measure the impact of social support on physical endurance.C. To compare different rowing equipment.D. To study the effects of diet on performance.Q3. How did the teenage rowers feel when they rowed alone, compared to when they rowed with others?A. More motivated.B. Less happy and more fatigued.C. Equally energized.D. More confident and stronger.Q4. What does the text suggest as an unexpected benefit of exercising with friends?A. Increased focus on individual goals.B. Enhanced social bonding.C. Better listening skills.D. Improved writing abilities.Q5. According to the text, how does social bonding through exercise happen?A. By sharing workout plans.B. Through the release of endorphins and endocannabinoids.C. By joining professional fitness competitions.D. Through online forums and social media.Q6. What long-term effect was observed from the social connections formed during the exercise challenge?A. Improved academic performance.B. Sustained feelings of social connection and improved mental wellbeing.C. Enhanced physical strength weeks after.D. Increased interest in rowing as a sport.Q7. What is a potential solution suggested by the text for people who have recently moved or are shy about meeting new people?A. Joining a gym alone.B. Attending online fitness classes.C. Finding exercise groups or clubs for beginners.D. Hiring a personal trainer.Q8. What activity besides exercise can also help people feel more socially connected?A. Watching movies alone.B. Reading books in isolation.C. Gardening with neighbors.D. Studying for exams.Q9. How can participating in exercise groups help individuals both physically and mentally, according to the text?A. By improving their technical skills.B. By offering dietary advice.C. By boosting their endurance.D. By reducing feelings of loneliness and stress.Q10. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To discuss the unexpected benefits of exercising with others.B. To provide tips for solo workout routines.C. To explain the history of physical exercise.D. To compare indoor and outdoor exercises.Part II. TRANSCRIPTThe Surprising Benefits of Exercising with FriendsArran Davis: Most of us know that movement and exercise are good for our physical health, and science is showing that they’re also good for our mental health. But did you know that exercising with friends comes with its own unexpected benefits? If you’re the type of person who likes to go to the gym, put on some headphones and kind of focus on your own thing, this idea might seem a bit strange. What difference could exercising with other people actually make?I feel like it’s just so nice to have the support of your friends and your team-mates and everything, and just having people cheer you on.Everybody cheers behind you and gets behind you and goes, “Come on, you can finish it! Last 500m!” and you know, you know you’re going to make it.Arran Davis: Humans evolved as a social species. Being around our friends makes us feel safer and less cautious. And this can change how our bodies respond to exercise. Fatigue evolved to protect us from overexertion and injury. It works like a brake mechanism that tells us when we need to stop, but it also limits our endurance. When our social environment tells us we’re safe and supported, our bodies can ease that protective break. (Q1) So, by making us feel less fatigued and more energised, exercising with family and friends, or even just as part of a group, can actually boost our physical performance.brake mechanism 刹车机构To show this, we ran an experiment with 25 teenage rowers here at the Fulham Reach Boat Club. We asked them to row at a set pace for as long as they could in two different social environments. One was designed to make them feel socially supported, and the other was meant to make them feel on their own. (Q2)We found that those who felt supported got tired less quickly and were able to row for a longer amount of time. You see everyone else row next to you, you can sort of just zone in and realise that you’re not the only one, and also you have each other cheering you on, of course. (Q3) Whilst you’re on your own, it’s just really miserable, I guess.In the boat with other people, there’s a sense of camaraderie which you don’t have in the boat by yourself. camaraderie n. 同事情谊；友情Arran Davis: But on top of boosting our performance and making our workouts feel a bit easier, there’s another major benefit to group exercise.You kind of have that social aspect, so it kind of gives you a mental health benefit by coming out to the runs.I think the social activity — I mean, I’ve got so many friends now because of it, and I think that’s one of the big bonuses.And do a run and a coffee and cake afterwards. So it’s just... Yeah, it’s great.Arran Davis: (Q4) Scientific research is beginning to show that the more we exercise with our friends, the closer we feel to them. Evolutionary anthropologists call this social bonding. (Q5) This happens because our bodies release chemical messengers called endorphins and endocannabinoids during exercise, which make us feel happy and content. You might have heard people saying they give us a runner’s high. This natural high can help us be more positive and in tune with the people we’re exercising with, and this helps us feel closer and more connected to one another. And it turns out these social connections don’t just disappear after exercise. We followed over 50 teams of teenagers who took part in a challenge which required them to navigate a difficult 50-mile course over two days. Teams who reported working together and supporting one another said they felt closer and more connected when they finished. anthropologist n. 人类学家endorphin n. 内啡肽（内分泌激素，有镇痛作用）(Q6) What we found really interesting was that these feelings of social connection positively impacted their mental wellbeing a whole week after the event. Again and again, studies have shown that social relationships are really important for our overall health. When we feel lonely, we get more stressed, and this fight or flight response is our body’s way of protecting itself from the dangers our ancestors faced when they were alone. But in the modern world, this stress response can be a bit counterproductive. And when loneliness causes us to feel chronically stressed, it can be harmful to our long-term health. One study even found that lacking social connection can be as dangerous for our health as smoking cigarettes. So by exercising together, we’re helping to build the social relationships we need to live happy and healthy lives.chronically adv. 慢性地，长期地When I’m here, I’m not stressed about exams. I’m not stressed about, like, all of the other things I have. Like, it’s just rowing and I’m just here with my friends.Arran Davis: But what happens if you don’t have family and friends nearby? Maybe you’ve just moved, or maybe you can be a bit shy and you’re not sure where to meet people. (Q7) It turns out there are a lot of exercise groups and clubs that are happy to get new members, even if you’re just getting started. In fact, some are even specifically for beginners. I found the group on Facebook, and it was set up as an event, so I just clicked “going”. I was really nervous about it, going for the first time, worried about meeting new people, but they were so welcoming, there wasn’t really anything to worry about, really.Arran Davis: And if you can’t do intense exercise, finding a partner to go on light walks with can also have positive effects on your health. (Q8) In fact, any kind of physical activity that we can do in collaboration with other people, so things like dancing, gardening or singing, can help us move more and feel more socially connected. (Q9) Public health experts have described rising levels of physical inactivity and loneliness as two new epidemics that are harming our physical and mental health. It turns out that exercising together, or even just being active with other people, might help to cure both.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 细节题。根据“by making us feel less fatigued and more energised, exercising with family and friends, exercising with family and friends, or even just as part of a group, can actually boost our physical performance.”可知与家人和朋友，甚至只是在一个团体中一起运动，能让我们感觉不那么疲劳和更有活力，甚至提高我们的身体表现。因此答案为C。Q2. B. 细节题。根据“We found that those who felt supported got tired less quickly and were able to row for a longer amount of time.” 可知对25名青少年赛艇运动员进行了对照实验，最终发现获得支持的小组不太容易疲倦，而且运动持续时间更长。因此答案为B。Q3. B. 细节题。根据“Whilst you’re on your own, it’s just really miserable, I guess.”可知当独自划船的人感觉很悲惨，且实验结果显示独自时更容易疲劳。因此答案为B。Q4. B. 细节题。根据“Scientific research is beginning to show that the more we exercise with our friends, the closer we feel to them.”可知科学研究表明，与朋友一起锻炼的次数越多，彼此会更亲近。因此答案为B。Q5. B. 细节题。根据“This happens because our bodies release chemical messengers called endorphins and endocannabinoids during exercise, which make us feel happy and content.” 可知在锻炼过程中我们的身体会释放内啡肽和内源性大麻素，这些化学物质让人感到快乐和满足，从而促进社交联结。因此答案为B。Q6. B. 细节题。根据“What we found really interesting was that these feelings of social connection positively impacted their mental wellbeing a whole week after the event.”可知研究发现，这些社交联结感在活动结束一周后仍然对他们的心理健康有积极影响。因此答案为B。Q7. C. 细节题。根据“...there are a lot of exercise groups and clubs that are happy to get new members, even if you’re just getting started. In fact, some are even specifically for beginners.” 对于刚搬家或羞于认识新朋友的人，文中建议他们加入运动团体和俱乐部，这些组织很欢迎新成员。因此答案为C。Q8. C. 细节题。根据“In fact, any kind of physical activity that we can do in collaboration with other people, so things like dancing, gardening or singing, can help us move more and feel more socially connected.” 可知事实上，任何我们可以与他人合作进行的身体活动，如跳舞、园艺或唱歌，都可以帮助我们更多地运动并促进社交联结。因此答案为C。Q9. D. 推理题。根据“Public health experts have described rising levels of physical inactivity and loneliness as two new epidemics that are harming our physical and mental health. It turns out that exercising together, or even just being active with other people, might help to cure both.”可知公共卫生专家将身体不活动和孤独感增加描述为正在损害我们身心健康的两种新流行病。但是一起锻炼，甚至只是与他人一起活动，能同时缓解上述两大问题。因此答案为D。Q10. A. 主旨题。全文主要讨论了与朋友一起锻炼的意外好处。因此答案为A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 锻炼拉伸指南

锻炼拉伸指南For Exercising, When and How Should You Stretch?慢速| 四级 偏难 | 高考 | 635词 | 6min21s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is the primary focus of Behm’s advice regarding stretching?A. To achieve maximum muscle growth.B. To enhance athletic performance significantly.C. To increase flexibility and prevent injuries.D. To eliminate the need for warm-ups.Q2. According to David Behm, what type of stretching should be done after warming up?A. Dynamic stretching only.B. Static stretching followed by dynamic stretching.C. Resistance training.D. No stretching is needed.Q3. What precaution does Behm recommend when using foam rollers after exercise?A. Avoiding them if they cause pain.B. Using them before starting any exercise.C. Combining them with heavy weightlifting.D. Only using them for professional athletes.Q4. What does Behm suggest to prevent muscle injury when returning to a sport after a long break?A. Avoiding static stretching.B. Focusing on resistance training.C. Stretching both sides of the body equally.D. Increasing exercise intensity rapidly.Q5. How does Behm explain the differing advice on stretching over the years?A. By indicating the role of new stretching techniques.B. By blaming inconsistent training regimens.C. By showing the influence of evolving sports science.D. By highlighting studies focused on high-performance athletes.Part II. TRANSCRIPTFor Exercising, When and How Should You Stretch?Years ago, the traditional advice was to do some stretching before exercising. Over the years, that advice changed to stretching after exercising. It turns out that both advice can be true. And that can lead to some confusion.(Q1-1) Stretching can help make you more flexible. The more you stretch, the more you improve the range of motion in your joints. This not only feels good, but it also can prevent injury and lead to better physical results.David Behm researches human body movements at Memorial University of Newfoundland in St. John’s, Canada. Speaking with the Associated Press, he offers advice on when to stretch and how to do it safely.Warm up firstIt is almost always good to stretch. However, Behm says it is better if you warm up first. He suggests light aerobic activity such as jogging, walking or cycling for 5-10 minutes.aerobic adj. 有氧的(Q2) He suggests to follow that warm-up movement with static stretching. This traditional way of stretching involves reaching your body into different positions and holding them for about one minute each.static adj. 静态的，不动的Then you can do dynamic stretching related to specific exercises or activities. This is where you warm up the muscles with repeated movements like leg lifts.Expand your definition of ‘stretching’Should you always stretch before exercising? If it is traditional static stretching, not necessarily, Behm says.The better questions, he says, are, “Should people increase their range of motion? Should people have better flexibility? And that is yes, (Q1-2) because it helps prevent injuries. It helps with health. But you don’t have to stretch to achieve that.”Resistance training, for example, can be an effective form of stretching. Doing a chest press increases range of motion in your arm and chest muscles. Whether you use barbells, dumbbells or machines, there is no need to stretch beforehand. However, Behm warns to start with a small amount of weight to warm up and then add more to train.effective adj. 有效的barbell n. 杠铃dumbbell n. 哑铃He adds that you do not need to stretch first if you are going for a short run. Simply start with a slow jog to warm up and then increase the speed.Don’t do it if it hurts(Q3) After exercise, light stretching is fine, as long as you do not feel pain, Behm says. Because your muscles will be warm by that point, overdoing it makes you more likely to injure yourself. Foam rollers can help with muscle recovery and have been shown to increase range of motion as well as stretching.overdo v. 做得过度，超过foam roller 泡沫轴Do some static stretching before sportsIf you’re playing a sport, Behm says, static stretching beforehand helps reduce muscle and tendon injury.tendon n. 腱Sports like gymnastics, ice skating, and golf require a great range of motion. For these activities, he suggests extra stretching specific to those sports.“If you’re going to do an explosive movement, change of direction, agility, sprint, any of these explosive activities that involve your muscles and tendons,” he said, “you’re going to be stronger if you do static stretching.”agility n. 敏捷，灵活sprint n. 短跑，全速奔跑People can especially get in trouble when they go back to a sport they used to play. Stretching can prepare muscles that may be out of shape. (Q4) Also, he says to stretch both sides of your body equally. Lacking flexibility on one side also can lead to injury.Sounds simple. Why all the confusion?(Q5) Different studies over the years have led to different advice about stretching before exercise. Behm says that is partly because some studies did not consider real-life conditions. Also, some researchers designed studies with high-performance athletes in mind and not regular people.“If you’re Usain Bolt, it makes a difference,” he said. For the rest of us not so much.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 主旨题。根据整体文章内容，特别是各部分的总结，如“Stretching can help make you more flexible... It helps prevent injuries. It helps with health.” 均表明 Behm 的建议主要集中在增加灵活性和预防伤害。因此答案为C。Q2. B. 细节题。根据“He suggests to follow that warm-up movement with static stretching... Then you can do dynamic stretching related to specific exercises or activities.” 可知Behm建议在热身运动后进行静态拉伸，然后在进行与特定运动或活动相关的动态拉伸。因此答案为B。Q3. A.细节题。根据“After exercise, light stretching is fine, as long as you do not feel pain... Foam rollers can help with muscle recovery and have been shown to increase range of motion as well as stretching.” 可知Behm建议运动后可以进行轻微拉伸，但若产生疼痛应立即停止……泡沫滚轴可以帮助肌肉恢复，跟拉伸有一样的效果，也就是说使用泡沫轴时如果感到疼痛也应该避免。因此答案为A。Q4. C.. 细节题。根据“Also, he says to stretch both sides of your body equally. Lacking flexibility on one side also can lead to injury.” 可知当长时间休息后重新开始一项运动时，要均衡地伸展身体的两侧，以防止受伤。因此答案为C。Q5. D. 推理题。根据“Different studies over the years have led to different advice about stretching before exercise. Behm says that is partly because some studies did not consider real-life conditions. Also, some researchers designed studies with high-performance athletes in mind and not regular people.” 可知Behm认为关于拉伸的建议之所以不同，部分是因为一些研究没有考虑现实生活条件，此外，一些研是针对高水平运动员，而不是普通人设计的。因此答案为D。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 美国就业增长数据下调

CNN新闻：美国就业增长数据下调US Job Growth Revised Downward常速 | 六级 中等 | 146词 | 53秒刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is the primary subject of the new data released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics?A. The financial health of U.S. businesses.B. The accuracy of reported job growth figures.C. The status of public welfare programs.D. The impact of educational reforms on employment.Q2. According to the text, what was the finding of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ annual review of employment data?A. The U.S. created 818,000 more jobs than initially reported.B. The review found no discrepancies in employment data.C. Job growth remained consistent with previous reports.D. There were 818,000 fewer jobs than initially reported.Q3. How do economists view the new job growth numbers from the Bureau of Labor Statistics?A. As an irrelevant piece of data.B. As a critical gauge for the U.S. labor market and economy.C. As an indication that the economy is booming.D. As a reason to disregard earlier reports entirely.Q4. What can be inferred about how the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ findings impact future economic decisions?A. They may lead to changes in public health policies.B. They are used to finalize welfare budgets immediately.C. They influence key decisions such as adjustments to interest rates.D. They provide guidance for future educational initiatives.Q5. What might the Federal Reserve do in response to the recent job growth numbers?A. Weigh interest rate cuts.B. Increase interest rates.C. Maintain current interest rates.D. Disregard the employment data altogether.Part II. TRANSCRIPTUS Job Growth Revised DownwardNext up, new data just released is showing that (Q1) job growth in the U.S. over the past year was not as strong as once thought. (Q2) The Bureau of Labor Statistics did an annual review of its employment data and found that there were 818,000 fewer jobs in March of this year than were initially reported. Spread out over the course of last year, that would be about 68,000 fewer jobs per month. The Bureau conducts this review every year, and the estimates are still preliminary. They won’t be finalized until next year. (Q3) But right now, economists are looking at these numbers as a critical gauge for the U.S. labor market and overall health of the economy. (Q4) Job growth dropping off more than expected in recent months is (Q5) something the Federal Reserve will be watching closely as it weighs interest rate cuts, a key factor for inflation.bureau n. 局，处（通常指政府部门）gauge n. 测量，标准，指标inflation n. 通货膨胀Part III. KEYQ1. B. 主旨题。根据“job growth in the U.S. over the past year was not as strong as once thought. The Bureau of Labor Statistics did an annual review of its employment data and found that there were 818,000 fewer jobs in March of this year than were initially reported.” 可知过去一年美国的就业增长不如人们想象的那样强劲。劳工统计局对其就业数据进行了年度审查，发现实际数据比最初报告人少，因此，主要涉及的主题是报告就业增长数据的准确性。因此答案为B。Q2. D. 细节题。根据“The Bureau of Labor Statistics did an annual review of its employment data and found that there were 818,000 fewer jobs in March of this year than were initially reported.” 可知劳工统计局对其就业数据进行了年度审查，发现今年3月的职位比最初报告的少了818,000个。因此答案为D。Q3. B. 细节题。根据“economists are looking at these numbers as a critical gauge for the U.S. labor market and overall health of the economy.” 可知经济学家将这些数字视为衡量美国劳动力市场和整体经济健康状况的重要指标。因此答案为B。Q4.C. 推理题。根据“Job growth dropping off more than expected in recent months is something the Federal Reserve will be watching closely as it weighs interest rate cuts, a key factor for inflation.” 可知美联储密切关注就业增长趋势，因为它是美联储衡量是否降息时重点关注的要素，因此可以推断，这些发现影响了美联储对利率调整的决策。因此答案为C。Q5. A. 细节题。根据“something the Federal Reserve will be watching closely as it weighs interest rate cuts, a key factor for inflation.” 可知根据最近的就业增长数据，美联储在权衡是否降息。因此答案为A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

第12届教学大赛商务英语组二等奖贺静授课

授课点评：贺静老师授课效果较好，教学目标清楚、教学方法得当、教学程序井井有条。此外，贺静老师口齿清晰，语音语调比较纯正、流利；教态端庄自然，有亲和力，教学过程中与学生互动良好，体现了以学生为主体，教师为主导的教学原则。授课分两部分。第一部分介绍该单元（Empire of Wealth）的总教学安排，用了3分30秒，时间把握得比较好。另外，设计的PPT形式多样，各种图表清楚展现了教学安排。授课开始的第三分钟，PPT显示的该单元总教学目标及三篇课文的教学目标一览无遗，加上贺静老师的阐释，清晰地传递了教学目标和学习目标，这能帮助学生在课堂内外围绕主题有效学习。紧接着，贺静老师借助PPT上的流程图比较详细地介绍了授课课文In Praise of Competitive Urges的教学安排，其中的Problem-centred教学方法对学生发现、分析和解决问题有很大帮助。之后进入第二部分：比赛授课阶段。第二部分具体授课含四个阶段。进入第一阶段Warm-up时，贺静老师显得有点紧张，但很快就调整好了状态。该阶段有教师对课文理解的提问，请学生从课文中找到相关的依据回答问题，这种做法本来值得称道，因为授课不能离开课文。但是，Warm-up阶段是课前准备阶段，因此，贺静老师在Warm-up阶段讲解课文不妥，建议把重点放在教材中的Warm-up Activities上，适当设计一些附加的活动，才符合教学逻辑。此外，在总时间为20分钟且第一阶段用了3分30秒的情况下，Warm-up阶段用了5分1秒显得有点过长。之后是第二阶段Questionnaire Results，贺静老师分析解释了调查表中的信息，谈了自己对问题的看法，期间激励学生思考、回答问题，这对培养学生的独立思考能力及理解课文非常有益。Questionnaire之后进入授课第三阶段：Wealth-flaunting Motivations / Summarizing。炫富动机是课文包含的核心内容之一。因此，讨论炫富动机有助于学生理解课文。教师要求学生从PPT上（视频13'）显示的课文段落寻找答案，并要求学生做pair work找到有关的词汇。另外，通过分析课文的修辞寓意，贺静老师阐释了文章作者的真实目的。这一点做得很好。另一方面，根据该单元内容，所授的是“综合商务英语”课程。因此，贺静老师应更多围绕语言难点、篇章结构、写作风格、文法修辞等方面进行解释，让学生对课文有更深层次的理解。第四阶段Assignment在视频18'15"开始。课后作业包括questionnaire设计、调研报告写作、相关阅读作业。这样较好兼顾了综合商务英语课程语言学习和商务实践的教学特点。建议更多以教材内容教学为主，重视语言、篇章教学，在帮助学生充分理解课文的前提下掌握一些商务知识和技能；需要结合课文融入更多的思政教育内容。点评专家：翁凤翔

第12届教学大赛商务英语组特等奖潘紫萌授课

授课点评：潘紫萌老师在本次大赛中与来自全国各地的商务英语优秀教师展开激烈角逐，在教学理念、教学方法、课堂设计、英语素质、商务知识、教姿教态、师生互动等方面的表现都较突出，最后以总分第一荣获特等奖。潘老师以准确的英语发音先声夺人，丰富的表达方式、适中的语调语速和端庄的教姿教态也令人印象深刻。在课程设计环节，为实现其教学目标，她选择business ethics作为主题，介绍了教学目标、学生特征、以学生为中心和以产出为导向的教学理念，以及线上线下结合、传统和高科技媒体结合等丰富多彩的教学方式。这份介绍全面立体但简明扼要，为后面的演示（demo）课提供了一个很好的支撑。由于大赛的授课时间有限，潘老师突出重点，在演示课上只展示教学方案的第三步，即participatory learning 1 和 post assessment 1。她采用BOPPPS（bridge in, objectives, pre-assessment, participatory learning, post assessment, summary）模型，通过德国大众汽车减排作假、中国支付宝公益植树项目等案例，教学目标涵盖商务英语知识、技能、以及相关的伦理和价值观等。在短短的十几分钟里要达到这么多项教学目标绝非易事。潘老师通过一系列的短视频、多种教学方法（如听力填空、案例讨论、汉译英、样本对话补正等）以及活泼的师生互动，较好地实现了教学目标，显示出选手突出的课堂组织能力。商务英语教学起源于英美等国，因此基本使用本国素材、讲本国故事。传入中国后，主要使用外国素材、讲外国故事。令人欣喜的是，潘老师注意突出中国特色，多次引用中国案例，讲授中国故事，传播中国价值观。加上她出色的英语基本功和良好的师生互动，使得教学过程十分流畅，也没有不同文化同场展示的违和感。总而言之，潘紫萌老师在授课环节的各方面表现都很优秀。不足之处当然也有。首先， 8’13’’开始的讨论过于仓促，只有18秒， 8’31’’就结束了。由于讨论不充分，在随后的问答环节中，更多的回答似乎来自老师而不是学生。第二个是要增加教学过程的自然自发 (spontaneity)。不知是因为课前多次排练还是老师特意要求，学生的产出只有一次对话（17’40’’）相对自然，其他的多次回答虽准确无误，但都像中国小学生朗读课文或回答问题，语音、语调、语速都过于整齐合一，这不利于培养学生的英语实际表达能力。点评专家：陈准民

全新版大学进阶英语系列：视听说教程（第二版）第3册 Unit 8 Jeju Island Divers

新目标大学英语（第二版）视听说教程 第1册 Unit 8 PPT课件（试用版）