教学素材 | 锻炼的最佳时间真的存在吗?

锻炼的最佳时间真的存在吗?Is there a best time to exercise?词汇:四级 | 句法:四级 | 文本:四级刘立军供稿With our already busy lives, finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our ‘to do’ list. So maybe it would help if there was ‘a best time’ to exercise? Could exercising at certain times help maximize our fitness goals? The answer is ‘yes’, but it’s easier than you think — no matter who you are, or when you like to work out.在我们已经忙碌不堪的生活中,抽时间锻炼可能感觉像是又给我们的“待办清单”新增了一项任务。那么,是否存在一个“最佳锻炼时间”呢?在特定时间锻炼,是否能帮助我们最大化达成健身目标呢?答案是肯定的,而且比你想象的要简单——无论你是谁,或者你喜欢什么时候锻炼,都可以找到适合自己的方式。There are clear benefits to exercising in the morning. Many of us have more free time compared to later in the day, and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine. 晨练有着明显的好处。与一天中的其他时段相比,许多人早晨的时间更充裕,因此更容易坚持晨练的习惯。A study published in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise found that participants who exercised in the morning increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could also burn more fat and increase metabolism, which means you’ll continue to burn calories throughout the day. 发表在《运动医学与科学》上的一项研究发现,参与早晨锻炼的人在一整天中身体活动量增加,受到食物的干扰减少,并且睡眠质量更好。空腹晨练还能燃烧更多脂肪并提高新陈代谢,这意味着在一整天里都能持续消耗热量。So, good news for early birds, but what if you’re not a morning person?所以,早起确实有早起的好处,但如果你不是喜欢早起的人呢?Working out in the afternoon or evening also has benefits, just different ones. For example, your body’s ability to perform peaks in the afternoon, according to a 2010 study by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 下午或晚上锻炼也有好处,只是优势有所不同。例如,根据《斯堪的纳维亚运动医学与科学杂志》2010年的一项研究,人体在下午时段的运动表现达到最佳状态。Also, in the afternoon and evening, your reaction time is quickest, and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest, which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance.此外,在下午和晚上,你的反应速度最快,心率和血压最低,这不仅降低了受伤风险,还能提升运动表现。But does any of this change depending on whether you’re a man or a woman? Our bodies are different, after all, so the best time to exercise may be different too. A 2022 study from Skidmore College, New York, looked at exactly this question and the results showed that there are some differences.但这些结论是否会因性别不同而有所变化呢?毕竟,男性和女性的身体存在差异,因此锻炼的最佳时间也可能不同。纽约斯基德莫尔学院2022年的一项研究正好探讨了这个问题,结果显示确实存在一些差异。Want to reduce your blood pressure and you’re a woman? Exercise in the morning. Want to improve your heart health and you’re a man? Evening is better for you. But, ultimately, the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day.例如,如果你想降低血压,对于女性来说,早晨锻炼效果更佳;而如果你是男性,想改善心脏健康,晚上锻炼对你更有益。但最终,该研究发现,无论男女,在一天中的这两个时段锻炼都有明确的益处。So what time is best? It seems the answer is: whatever time is best for you!那么,什么时间锻炼最好呢?看来答案是:最适合你的时间,就是最佳时间!【词汇】1. maximize v. 最大化,使达到最大值2. workout n. 锻炼,健身活动3. metabolism n. 新陈代谢4. peak v. 达到高峰,达到最佳状态5. ultimately adv. 最终,从根本上来说 (本文图片来源于摄图网,版权归摄图网所有)

时文选读 | 我们为什么不喜欢接电话了

时文选读| 我们为什么不喜欢接电话了Why we’ve stopped answering the phone? 四级偏难 | 362词 刘立军供稿Part I. PassageSuddenly a sound rings out, stopping you in your tracks. Panicking, you search for where it could be coming from. It’s your phone, and if you’re like a quarter of 18 to 34-year-olds in a recent British study, you probably won’t answer it. The same study found that 70% of people in this age group prefer text messages to phone calls. Why do so many people hate phone calls?While previous generations grew up using landlines to talk to their friends, smartphone-equipped younger people have grown up accustomed to using text messages, group chats and voice notes for social conversations. What these media have in common is that they are asynchronous — they don’t need to happen in real time. When you can craft a reply free of interruption, you have greater control over your contributions to a conversation. It also means that you can reply when it’s best for you. Synchronous communication, like phone calls or face-to-face conversations, can lead people to feel a loss of control and the corresponding anxiety. Coupled to this is that fact that many young people report associating phone calls, particularly those without prior warning, with bad news.This means that new social codes are being established. Many people will now text someone to see if they’re available to take a phone call. If someone doesn’t feel able to sum something up in a few short messages, they might leave a long voice note. Could it be that not wanting to intrude on someone with a sudden phone call is just a question of good manners and respecting someone’s boundaries?Maybe, but this doesn’t mean that anxiety around communication has been eliminated. Texting may be asynchronous, but many people report tensions from being ‘left on read’ — when you know someone has read your message, but they don’t, or won’t, reply. Many would agree with British writer Daisy Buchanan, who reminds us how picking up the phone to talk to someone can be far more effective at relieving tension than a series of awkward messages. So, are these new social codes better at respecting boundaries, or are they just creating a whole new set of potential anxieties?【Vocabulary】1. asynchronous adj. 不同时发生的,非共时的2. craft v. 精心制作3. synchronous adj. 同步的,同时发生的Part II. QuestionsQ1. Why do younger generations prefer texting over phone calls, according to the text? A. Texting allows them to avoid bad news completely.B. Texting provides greater control over the timing and content of replies.C. Texting eliminates the need for voice notes in conversations.D. Texting is considered more polite and respectful than phone calls.Q2. What can be inferred about phone calls from the passage?A. They are mostly used by older generations now.B. They may cause discomfort due to their unexpected nature.C. They are still the preferred method for urgent messages.D. They help reduce social anxiety in communication.Q3. What social change is reflected in today’s phone etiquette?A. People avoid making any phone calls to others.B. Long voice notes are mainly used to express stress.C. It is polite to text first before calling someone.D. Calling without warning is now considered normal.Q4. What does Daisy Buchanan suggest about phone calls compared to texting?A. Phone calls are more effective at resolving communication anxiety.B. Phone calls are considered outdated by most young people.C. Texting is better at respecting boundaries in sensitive situations.D. Texting creates fewer misunderstandings than phone calls.Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处:When you can craft a reply free of interruption, you have greater control over your contributions to a conversation. It also means that you can reply when it’s best for you. 意为:“当你能够不受干扰地构思回复内容时,你就能更好地掌控自己在对话中的表达。这也意味着你可以在对自身最有利的时候做出回应。”正确答案为B。Q2.【答案】B【解析】推断题。题目出处:… many young people report associating phone calls, particularly those without prior warning, with bad news. 暗示突如其来的电话让人紧张或不安。A 项虽可能正确但未在文中提及;C 项和D 项与原文意思相反。Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。文中指出,人们现在更倾向于先发短信确认对方是否方便接电话,以避免突然打扰,这种做法反映了一种新的社交礼仪。因此,正确答案是C。A项“避免所有通话”说法太绝对;B项“表达压力”并非语音信息的主要用途;D项则与文意相反,因为段末提出突然来电可能被认为不礼貌、不尊重他人边界。Q4.【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处:Many would agree with British writer Daisy Buchanan, who reminds us how picking up the phone to talk to someone can be far more effective at relieving tension than a series of awkward messages. 意为:“许多人会同意英国作家黛西·布坎南的观点,她提醒我们,与其发送一系列尴尬的信息,不如拿起电话与某人交谈,这可以更有效地缓解紧张情绪。”可以推断,她认为电话比短信更能有效缓解沟通焦虑。因此正确答案为A。 (本文图片来源于摄图网,版权归摄图网所有)

时文选读 | 数字游民:自由与挑战并存的漂泊人生

时文选读| 数字游民:自由与挑战并存的漂泊人生Life as a digital nomad六级 偏易| 337词 刘立军供稿Part I. PassageIf you could work from any location in the world, where would you go? Picture filling in a spreadsheet on a sandy Caribbean island, or maybe a little rooftop cafe in Rome where you can sip an espresso while editing a social media video. More and more countries are offering digital nomad visas and therefore the chance to work remotely, from wherever you’d like to.This way of working is on the rise. A 2023 report found that 11% of US workers now consider themselves a digital nomad, and this type of worker is expected to increase in number by more than 20 million in the next five years. Traditionally, digital nomads have worked freelance. They might be social media managers, software developers or copywriters, but now even traditional professions like accountants and lawyers are taking the leap. But what is the life of a digital nomad really like?Rowena Hennigan, who writes for Harvard Business Review, is a digital nomad along with her family. They have a ‘home base’ in Spain but frequently go away for workcations that can last from weeks to months. She says that compared to a ‘traditional’ model of raising children, “remote working has allowed my family to move away from that kind of intensity, and this way, we all get to move at a more sustainable and healthy pace.” Plus, her family are regularly exposed to new cultures, languages and natural beauty.Though it doesn’t work for everyone. Francesca Specter, a writer for The Guardian, decided to country-hop where her ‘office’ included beaches, cafes and coworking spaces. But along with struggling to find reliable wi-fi and fighting bouts of loneliness, she wrote that she felt envious as she cooled her overheating laptop in the shade while holidaymakers relaxed by the pool. She said, “I was chronically firefighting unglamorous concerns such as missing luggage or sleep deprivation after an overnight flight delay.”So, it’s not for everyone, but if you ever feel like escaping the rat-race, why not give it a go?【Vocabulary】1. spreadsheet n. 电子表格2. espresso n. 浓缩咖啡3. nomad n. 游牧者,流浪者4. freelance adv. 自由职业地5. copywriter n. 文案撰稿人6. accountant n. 会计师7. workcation n. 边工作边度假8. country-hop v. 边工作边穿梭于不同国家旅行9. bout n.一阵(情绪)10. rat-race n. 激烈竞争的生活方式Part II. QuestionsQ1. According to the text, what is one reason digital nomad visas are becoming popular?A. They allow people to work without restrictions.B. They offer opportunities to work from any location.C. They guarantee reliable wi-fi and coworking spaces.D. They encourage traditional professions to go freelance.Q2. What does Rowena Hennigan say about remote working compared to traditional parenting models?A. It allows her family to travel without a home base.B. It exposes her family to fewer cultural experiences.C. It helps her family adopt a healthier and sustainable pace.D. It reduces the need for childcare and traditional schooling.Q3. What can be inferred about the lifestyle of digital nomads?A. It offers flexibility but comes with unique challenges.B. It is only suitable for people in creative industries.C. It eliminates the need for a permanent home base.D. It guarantees a glamorous and stress-free work life.Q4. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To encourage readers to adopt a digital nomad lifestyle.B. To explain how digital nomads overcome work challenges.C. To compare digital nomadism with traditional work models.D. To analyze the pros and cons of being a digital nomad.Part III. KEYQ1. 【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处为:More and more countries are offering digital nomad visas and therefore the chance to work remotely, from wherever you’d like to. 意为:“越来越多的国家开始提供数字游民签证,让人们可以远程工作,并在任何自己想去的地方办公。”这里明确指出数字游民签证提供了远程工作的机会,使人们得以“在任何地方工作”,因此正确答案为B。Q2. 【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处为:Remote working has allowed my family to move away from that kind of intensity, and this way, we all get to move at a more sustainable and healthy pace. 意为:“远程办公让我家人得以远离那种高强度的生活节奏,以更可持续、更健康的方式生活。”这里强调了远程工作对家庭节奏的积极影响,帮助Rowena Hennigan一家摆脱紧张状态并实现可持续的生活方式,因此正确答案为C。Q3. 【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处为:Though it doesn’t work for everyone. Francesca Specter, a writer for The Guardian, decided to country-hop … But along with struggling to find reliable wi-fi and fighting bouts of loneliness, she wrote that she felt envious as she cooled her overheating laptop in the shade while holidaymakers relaxed by the pool. 意为:“但这种生活方式并不适合所有人。《卫报》撰稿人弗朗西丝卡·斯派克特(Francesca Specter)决定在不同国家间“跳岛”旅行……但同时,她也在努力寻找可靠的无线网络并与孤独作斗争。她写道,当她在阴凉处给过热的笔记本降温时,看着度假者在泳池边放松,她感到羡慕。”这个案例指出了数字游民生活方式的灵活性及其伴随的挑战,如可能会孤独或遇到网络不畅等问题,因此可以推断,它既有优势也有挑战,因此正确答案为A。Q4. 【答案】D【解析】主旨题。文章分析了数字游民生活方式的优缺点,既指出了其灵活性和跨文化体验,又揭示了其背后的孤独和可能遇到的困难。整篇文章的核心是分析数字游民生活方式的优缺点,而不是单纯鼓励或比较,因此正确答案为D。(本文图片来源于摄图网,版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 诺奖官网对2024年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主维克托·安布罗斯的电话访谈

诺奖官网对2024年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主维克托·安布罗斯的电话访谈Telephone Interview with Victor Ambros, Winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024常速| 四级(高考)难 | 782词 | 5min16s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the interview and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. How did Victor Ambros initially find out about winning the Nobel Prize?A. From Thomas Perlmann of the Nobel Committee.B. From a journalist who called his son.C. From his son who called him directly.D. From a colleague at his workplace.Q2. What was Victor Ambros’s initial reaction to the news of winning the Nobel Prize?A. He felt it was a mistake.B. He was surprised and thought it was for his friends.C. He expected it because of his contributions.D. He was indifferent and focused on other work.Q3. What did Victor Ambros consider an appropriate prize for RNAi?A. A prize that included microRNAs.B. A prize that focused on basic science.C. A prize that celebrated the work of nematode researchers.D. A prize that recognized the versatility of RNA.Q4. How many Nobel Prizes have been awarded for work with nematodes before this one?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.Q5. Who is Gary Ruvkun to Victor Ambros?A. A colleague he respects.B. A former mentor.C. A competitor in the field.D. A distant acquaintance.Q6. What kind of joy did Victor Ambros feel when he won the Nobel Prize?A. Muted joy.B. Overwhelming excitement.C. Relief.D. Pride.Q7. What did Victor Ambros learn from Edward Gruberg?A. How to read the literature.B. How to conduct routine experiments.C. How to be aware of what’s new in the field.D. All of the above.Q8. What was the main topic of the meeting Victor Ambros attended in Ottawa?A. The formation of RNA Canada.B. The celebration of RNA research.C. The impact of RNA on agriculture and climate change.D. A combination of all the above.Q9. What is the main idea of the interview?A. The versatility and importance of RNA.B. The importance of curiosity-driven research.C. The surprise and joy of winning the Nobel Prize.D. The impact of working with great scientists.Part II. TRANSCRIPTTelephone Interview with Victor Ambros, Winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024VA= Victor Ambros; AS= Adam SmithVA: Hello?AS: Hello, am I speaking with Victor Ambros?VA: You are. Morning!AS: Good morning. Very early morning, I know. Many congratulations on the news!VA: Well, thank you. Sorry that my phone was in the other room this morning, so I didn’t hear any earlier calls.AS: Not…not at all…VA: Thank you. AS: I mean, you haven’t yet spoken with Thomas Perlmann from the Nobel Committee, I guess?VA: No, I have not.AS: Did you actually receive the news by being called by a journalist?VA: (Q1) I received the news by being called by my son! Yeah, a journalist called my son. Right, and so my son called.AS: That’s a nice call to make to your dad.VA: I bet, yeah!AS: It must all be a bit bewildering, getting the news just as it’s all breaking, so everybody is all trying to reach you. But if I can ask, what are your initial thoughts?bewildering adj. 令人困惑的VA: (Q2) Well, I mean, my initial thought was great surprise because (Q3) I had understood the prize to my good friends Craig Mello and Andy Fire for RNAi, I considered that to be an appropriate prize which encompassed microRNAs. So I had kind of put the idea aside, although people from time to time do mention, you know, “Oh, you might win a Nobel Prize,” but I always dismissed that as, you know, “No, no, no, it’s OK. It’s all been covered, and appropriately,” you know.encompass v. 包含AS: (Q4) Well, this is also the fourth Nobel Prize for the nematode.nematode n. 线虫VA: Yeah, and that gives me incredible pride, you know, and (Q5) the fact that Ruvkun is, the other awardee, is incredible, because Gary is such a good friend. Yeah, I mean you ask me what my first sense was, it’s surprise. (Q6) And secondly, of course, it’s a kind of muted joy because, you know, whenever this kind of thing happens to basic scientists, especially scientists working on the nematode, it’s… I think it’s a wonderful thing for everybody doing this kind of work. We see it as a, in a way, as a celebration not really of the particular scientist in this case, but of the way of doing science, you know. Curiosity-driven, genetic studies of a complicated phenomenon and what you hope is you’ll learn a little bit more about how the phenomenon works.muted adj. 减弱的genetic adj. 遗传的AS: Yeah.VA: And it’s always amazing when the findings are new enough to be of interest broadly.AS: And I wondered whether that ability to be on the lookout for new phenomena and really take them seriously and investigate them — that’s a special art — is it something that you think was a particular benefit of having worked with, for instance, David Baltimore for your PhD, Bob Horvitz for your Postdoc? Did that train you in the art of looking for the unexpected?VA: Yes, yes, very much so. I mean (Q7) I was fortunate enough to work with a series of fantastic scientists, Bob and David, and before that, I worked with a postdoc named Edward Gruberg, and Gruberg was a fantastic mentor and really got me alerted to the fact that you can find out new things doing sort of routine experiments, you know. And he also taught me how to read the literature and therefore train myself, you know, to be aware of what’s known and what’s not known, so that you can notice what’s new.mentor n. 导师AS: It’s also a celebration of the versatility of RNA this prize, isn’t it, I mean, yet again, something unexpected?VA: Yeah, that’s actually very exciting to consider that, yeah, you made a really good point. (Q8) I just got back from a meeting in Ottawa, which is a meeting of the Riboclub, and there was over 500 people there, and they celebrated the formation of RNA Canada, which is the nationwide network of scientists and others promoting research around RNA, or else, agriculture, climate change and so forth. We all know that RNA is fascinating and incredibly versatile. It was the whole meeting was kind of like a celebration of RNA, especially when I went to the posters, there was poster sessions with young people doing incredibly diverse amount of you know, kinds of work.formation n. 形成versatile adj. 多才多艺的,多功能的AS: I guess today… today will help to boost that message then. I long to know what your son actually said to you when he called you?VA: (to someone off the phone) Hey Candy, what did Greg say? “Have you been getting calls from Sweden? You should answer the phone,” he said.AS: That’s nice! OK, well, thank you very much indeed, and once again, congratulations.VA: All right, OK, bye-bye. AS: Bye.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 【解析】细节题。根据:“I received the news by being called by my son! Yeah, a journalist called my son. Right, and so my son called.” 可知Victor Ambros是通过他儿子的来电得知自己获奖消息的。答案是C。Q2. B. 【解析】细节题。根据:“Well, I mean, my initial thought was great surprise because I had understood the prize to my good friends Craig Mello and Andy Fire for RNAi...” 可知Victor Ambros的第一反应是非常惊讶,因为他以为这个奖颁发给了他的好朋友Craig Mello和Andy Fire的RNAi研究的。答案是B。Q3. A. 【解析】细节题。根据:“I had understood the prize to my good friends Craig Mello and Andy Fire for RNAi, I considered that to be an appropriate prize which encompassed microRNAs.” 可知Victor Ambros认为包含微小RNA 研究的奖项才是对 RNA 干扰研究合适的认可。答案是A。Q4. D. 【解析】细节题。根据:“Well, this is also the fourth Nobel Prize for the nematode.”这表明之前已经有三次诺贝尔奖是关于线虫研究的,加上这一次,总共是四次。答案是D。Q5. A. 【解析】细节题。根据:“the fact that Ruvkun is, the other awardee, is incredible, because Gary is such a good friend.”可知Gary Ruvkun是Victor Ambros非常尊重的同事和朋友。答案是A。Q6. A. 【解析】细节题。根据:“And secondly, of course, it’s a kind of muted joy because, you know ...” 可知Victor Ambros感到的是一种含蓄的喜悦。答案是A。Q7. D. 【解析】细节题。根据:“I worked with a postdoc named Edward Gruberg, and Gruberg was a fantastic mentor and really got me alerted to the fact that you can find out new things doing sort of routine experiments, you know. And he also taught me how to read the literature and therefore train myself, you know, to be aware of what’s known and what’s not known, so that you can notice what’s new.” 可知Victor Ambros与一个名叫Edward Gruberg的博士后一起工作过,Gruberg是一个了不起的导师,他让Victor意识到可以通过进行一些常规实验来发现新事物,还教会了他如何阅读文献,训练自身要了解已知和未知的事情,这表明Victor Ambros从Edward Gruberg那里学到了如何阅读文献、进行常规实验以及如何意识到领域内的新事物。答案是D。Q8. D. 【解析】细节题。根据:“I just got back from a meeting in Ottawa, which is a meeting of the Riboclub, and there was over 500 people there, and they celebrated the formation of RNA Canada, which is the nationwide network of scientists and others promoting research around RNA, or else, agriculture, climate change and so forth.” 可知Victor Ambros刚刚从渥太华的一个会议回来,会上还庆祝了 “加拿大 RNA” 组织的成立,这是一个全国性的网络组织,由科学家和其他人士组成,旨在推动 RNA 相关研究,以及农业、气候变化等领域的研究。答案是D。Q9. C. 【解析】主旨题。整个访谈主要围绕Victor Ambros得知自己获得诺贝尔奖的第一反应,以及他的感受和对这一成就的看法。虽然访谈中也提到了好奇心驱动的研究、RNA的多功能性以及与伟大科学家合作的影响,但这些都是围绕他获奖的情感体验展开的。因此,答案是C。(本文图片来源于摄图网,版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 如何写提示词

如何写提示词How to write a prompt快速| 六级 易 | 1682词 | 8min30s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the lecture and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is the primary purpose of the video?A. To introduce the formula for mastering prompts.B. To promote the speaker’s tech skills.C. To share personal anecdotes about tech.D. To compare ChatGPT with Google Bard.Q2. What is the most important component of a good prompt?A. Tone.B. Task.C. Context.D. Persona.Q3. How should the task component be structured?A. With a casual tone.B. With exemplars provided.C. With detailed context.D. With an action verb at the beginning.Q4. What does the speaker imply about the context component in prompts?A. It is optional.B. It is the easiest to get right.C. There is an infinite amount of information you can give.D. It is not as important as the task.Q5. What is the purpose of including exemplars in a prompt?A. To limit the AI's response.B. To improve the quality of the output.C. To provide additional context.D. To give the AI more tasks.Q6. What does the speaker suggest when determining the persona for a prompt?A. Think of a famous person.B. Consider the user’s background.C. Imagine someone with expertise relevant to the task.D. Use a persona only if necessary.Q7. What is an example of a comprehensive prompt given by the speaker?A. I'm a 70 kg male. Give me a 3-month training program.B. I need a report summary. Use H2 for section headers.C. Please provide a list of tone keywords for an email.D. Write an email from Batman for a team offsite.Q8. What does the speaker mean by the format of a prompt?A. The arrangement of the components.B. The desired outcome’s structure and appearance.C. The way the AI should address the user.D. The format in which the prompt is written.Q9. What is the key to using tone effectively in a prompt?A. Matching the tone to the desired output feeling.B. Being formal and professional.C. Using a tone that the AI can understand.D. Avoiding tone-related instructions.Part II. TRANSCRIPTHow to write a promptI don’t usually overhide myself, but in this video, we’re going over the only formula you will ever need to master prompting on ChatGPT and Google Bard. So, let’s get started. Hey friends, welcome back to the channel. If you’re new here, my name is Jeff. I work full time in tech. And if you’re anything like me, a couple months ago, you know prompting is an important skill to learn, but you’re not exactly sure why some prompts generate outputs that are super generic, while others give you precisely what you’re looking for. Since then, I’ve spent hundreds of hours taking prompt engineering courses and applying what I’ve learned in my daily life. (Q1) And so in this video, I’m sharing the six building blocks that make up a good prompt so that you can use this formula to consistently generate high quality outputs. The 6 Prompt ComponentsThe BasicsFirst, it’s critical to not only know what the six components are, task, context, exemplars, persona, format, and tone, but also know that there’s an order of importance to these six components. To show you what I mean, let’s use this simple example. I’m a 70 kg male. Give me a 3-month training program. The first part is context, followed by the task. The reason why the task is higher up in the form, the hierarchy, is if we just input the task without the context, there’s still some sort of meaningful output. But if we just give ChatGPT the context, nothing really happens. Put another way, (Q2)it’s mandatory to have a task in your process prompt. It’s important to include relevant context and exemplars. And it’s nice to have persona, format, and tone. When you think of writing your prompt, go down this mental checklist. So this formula will act as a constant reminder for you to include just enough relevant information when writing prompts. And as you’ll see in this next part, you do not need all six components in every prompt to have a good output. mandatory adj. 强制的,义务的#1 TASKNow let’s break down each building block with specific examples. (Q3) Starting with the task, the rule of thumb is to always start the task sentence with an action verb, generate, give, write, analyze, etc., and clearly articulate what your end goal is. It could be one simple task like generating a three-month training program or a complex three-step task like analyzing hundreds of user feedback, sharing the top three takeaways, and categorizing the feedback based on the team responsible for following up. #2 CONTEXT(Q4) The second component, context, is the trickiest to get right because technically there’s an infinite amount of information you can give. So I found asking myself these three questions to be super helpful in coming up with just enough information to get a good result from ChatGPT. First, what’s the user’s background? Second, what does success look like? And third, what environment are they in? Back to the workout example we now have, I’m a 70 kg male looking to put on 5 kg of muscle mass over the next three months. I only have time to go to the gym twice a week and for one hour each session. Give me a three-month training program to follow. Could I have added more background information? Of course, only prioritize the muscle groups that make me look good on Instagram. But the key to staying productive with ChatGPT and Bard is giving just enough information to constrain the endless possibilities. By the way, although this video is not sponsored, it is supported by those of you who subscribe to my paid productivity newsletter on Google Workspace Tips. Link in the description to learn more. #3 EXEMPLARS = EXEMPLESMoving over to the exemplars component, it’s just a fancy way of saying examples. (Q5) Basically all the research on large language models, LLMs, have shown that including examples within the prompt drastically improves the quality of the output. Starting with a simple example, this is a poorly written bullet point from a resume. We can now ask ChatGPT to rewrite this bullet point using this structure. I accomplished X by the measure Y that resulted in Z, which is actually best practice by the way, so actually do this in your resume. For example, I lowered hospital mortality rate by 10% by educating nurses in new protocols, which translates to 200 lives saved per year. exemplar n. 范例,样本Here’s a slightly more complicated example for interview prep. Based on my own resume, write me an answer to the interview question. What’s your biggest weakness? Use the STAR answer framework, situation, task, action, and results. Here instead of using a full blown interview answer as an example, which would be overkill, the STAR framework acts as an example structure for ChatGPT to follow. overkill n. 过度,过犹不及Last example, let’s say you need to write a job description. You give some context around the opening and ask ChatGPT to reference an existing job description. You might use this one I found on LinkedIn. The output will follow the same formatting and use the same professional HRE language, saving me a bunch of time. Main takeaway here, exemplars are not necessary for every prompt, but including a relevant example or framework will greatly improve the quality of your output. #4 PERSONAMoving along, the persona component is basically who you want ChatGPT and Bard to be. (Q6) And the pro tip here is to think of someone you wish you had instant access to with the task you’re facing. If you injured yourself working out, that person might be a physical therapist with experience helping athletes recover. If you’re a job seeker, that person might be a recruiter or hiring manager. If you’re working on a creative brief, that person might be a senior product marketing manager who’s great at storytelling. Pro tip, you can also name specific individuals, but I found the results to be good only when they’re famous enough, like Warren Buffett, Steve Jobs, Jeff Su. By the way, I just have to share this. We have a team offsite with a superhero’s theme. (Q7) So I asked ChatGPT to draft an email from Batman and it even included things like, please let Alfred know and signed off as the Dark Knight. So fictional characters work as well. And I’m actually going to use this. persona n. 角色,人物形象#5 FORMAT(Q8) The fifth component, format. The pro tip here is to literally close your eyes and visualize how exactly you want the end result to look like. A million likes on my Thirst Bomb Instagram photo. Damn it, didn’t work. Back to the user feedback example, I don’t want to read each sentence. So I asked ChatGPT to take all the feedback and output a table with three headers. The original feedback, the team responsible for following up and priority. And now I can copy this directly and paste it into a Google sheet. So by priority and filter by team. Other common formats include emails, bullet points, and code blocks. header n. 标题,标头But the one I found to be the most useful as a full-time working professional is paragraphs and markdown. For example, I just received a lengthy industry report from my director. First give me the three key takeaways, then summarize based on topic. Use H2 as section headers. Here is the report. Pro tip, whenever I use ChatGPT to proofread any document, I specify that all changes need to be bolded so I can easily see exactly what has been changed. #6 TONELet’s quickly go through the last component, tone, before we put all this together in one example. (Q9) The good news is tone is easy to understand. Use a casual or formal tone of voice. Give me a witty output, show enthusiasm, sound pessimistic. The bad news is we’re usually not very good at recalling the thousands of potential adjectives and adverbs at a moment’s notice. (Q10) So here’s a pro tip. Tell ChatGPT the feeling you’re going for. For example, I’m writing an email to a team I haven’t worked with before and I want to be taken seriously without coming off as too stuck up and cringy. Can you please give me a list of five tone keywords I can include in a prompt for ChatGPT? And look, now in the actual prompt, I can say, use clear and concise language and write in a friendly yet confident tone. EXAMPLE PROMPTPutting all this together, let’s look at this comprehensive prompt. You are a senior product marketing manager at Apple [Persona] and you have just unveiled the latest Apple product in collaboration with Tesla, the Apple Car, and received 12,000 pre-orders, which is 200% higher than target. [Context] Write an email to your boss, Tim Cookie, sharing this positive news. [Task and Format], The email should include a TLDR, too long, didn’t read section. Project background, why this product came into existence, business results section, quantifiable business metrics, and end with a section thanking the product and engineering teams. [Example structure] Use clear and concise language and write in a confident yet friendly tone. [Tone] Note that if I had an existing email to reference, I could delete the instructions around the structure and simply tell ChatGPT the email should follow the exact same format as the one I will share below and paste the email from before. By the way, you can compare the output from this prompt to that of a simpler prompt. I just launched a new product, the Apple car. I received 12,000 pre-orders. Please run email to my boss with this update. There’s a pretty big difference in terms of how generic and usable the end result is. Now that you know the basics of prompting, my next video is going to take you from beginner to pro, so make sure you’re subscribed for that. Check out my top 5 ChatGPT productivity tips for work. See you on the next video. In the meantime, have a great one.Part III. KEYQ1. A. 主旨题。根据“I’m sharing the six building blocks that make up a good prompt so that you can use this formula to consistently generate high quality outputs.”可知是视频的主要目的是分分享构成优质提示的六个核心要素,让大家能用这个公式持续生成高质量内容。因此答案为A。Q2. B. 细节题。根据“it’s mandatory to have a task in your process prompt”可知提示中必须有一个任务,这表明任务是最重要的组成部分。因此答案为B。Q3.D. 细节题。根据“Starting with the task, the rule of thumb is to always start the task sentence with an action verb...”可知任务部分应该以一个动作动词开头。因此答案为D。Q4. C. 细节题。根据“The second component, context, is the trickiest to get right because technically there’s an infinite amount of information you can give.”可知上下文是最棘手的,因为理论上,你可以提供无限量的信息。这表明上下文部分可以有无限的信息。因此答案为C。Q5. B. 细节题。根据“Basically all the research on large language models, LLMs, have shown that including examples within the prompt drastically improves the quality of the output.”可知研究表明,在提示中包含示例能大幅提升输出质量。因此答案为B。Q6. C. 细节题。根据“And the pro tip here is to think of someone you wish you had instant access to with the task you’re facing.”可知讲话者建议确定提示的人物角色时,应该设定为一个与任务相关的专业人士。因此答案为C。Q7. D. 细节题。根据“So I asked ChatGPT to draft an email from Batman and it even included things like, please let Alfred know and signed off as the Dark Knight.”可知讲话者提到,他让ChatGPT起草一封来自蝙蝠侠的电子邮件,包含了请通知阿尔弗雷德并以黑暗骑士的名义签字等细节,这是给出的一个综合提示的例子,其中包含了任务、角色和场景3个要素。因此答案为D。Q8. B. 细节题。根据“The fifth component, format. The pro tip here is to literally close your eyes and visualize how exactly you want the end result to look like.” 可知格式是闭眼能想象到最终结果的样子,也就是输出结果的预期结构和外观。因此答案为B。Q9. B. 推理题。根据“So here’s a pro tip. Tell ChatGPT the feeling you’re going for.”可知在使用提示时,应该指定输出的期望情感,即语气应该与输出的预期感觉相匹配。因此答案为B。 (本文图片来源于摄图网,版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 如何预防狂犬病

如何预防狂犬病WHO’s Science in 5: Rabies — Protect Yourself and Your Pets常速| 四级 难 | 836词 | 5min14s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the interview and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is a key characteristic of rabies that makes it particularly dangerous?A. It is highly contagious through air.B. It is always symptomatic before fatal.C. It is fatal once symptoms appear.D. It can be cured with antibiotics.Q2. What behavior should be avoided to prevent rabies transmission from animals?A. Playing with vaccinated pets.B. Feeding stray animals.C. Walking pets in the park.D. Training pets at home.Q3. Why is it crucial to understand animal body language according to the text?A. It helps train animals more effectively.B. It allows for better pet entertainment.C. It reduces the need for vaccinations.D. It helps in avoiding situations that may lead to bites.Q4. What is the role of children in rabies prevention strategies?A. They can learn to avoid bites and promote responsible pet ownership.B. They are less likely to follow prevention guidelines.C. They are not affected by rabies.D. They should avoid all contact with animals.Q5. How has the rabies vaccine changed since the outdated version?A. It is now less effective.B. It is more painful.C. It is safer and less painful.D. It requires more doses.Q6. How can vaccines protect you if administered after a bite?A. By eliminating the virus immediately.B. By building immunity before the virus reaches the brain.C. By neutralizing all symptoms instantly.D. By preventing any future bites.Q7. What should you do immediately after being bitten by an animal?A. Cover the wound with a bandage.B. Apply ice to the wound.C. Wash the wound for 15 minutes with soap and water.D. Take painkillers.Q8. What percentage of rabies deaths are attributed to children?A. 10%.B. 20%.C. 40%.D. 50%.Q9. Why is it important to vaccinate animals against rabies?A. It prevents the spread of rabies to humans.B. It eliminates all viruses in animals.C. It cures infected animals.D. It makes animals immune to all diseases.Q10. What is the primary focus of rabies prevention efforts according to the text?A. Treating infected animals.B. Reducing travel to endemic areas.C. Developing new antibiotics.D. Vaccination and education to prevent bites.Part II. TRANSCRIPTWHO’s Science in 5: Rabies - Protect Yourself and Your PetsVismita Gupta-Smith: Hello and welcome to Science in 5. This is Orion and that’s Daft Punk. Orion has been a street dog as well as a pet. But the most important thing about Orion is that he’s vaccinated against rabies. We’re talking about rabies with Bernadette. Bernadette, what’s the most important thing that people should remember about rabies?vaccinate v. 接种疫苗rabies n. 狂犬病Bernadette Abela: Rabies kills. We have very good vaccines both for animals and for humans, so we should put them to use. We can prevent rabies. We can prevent the bite. And we can use our vaccines to protect us.Vismita Gupta-Smith: Bernadette, what is rabies? And just how serious a disease is this?Bernadette Abela: So rabies kills. It kills the human. It kills the animal. Usually, that happens rather quickly within ten days. Rabies is a viral disease, and it is spread mostly through the bites of dogs and actually other mammals. But the dogs are the principal source of rabies for human infection. Other mammals can be infected. There’s a whole diversity of different viruses. So we often think about the bat, for example. But most of the human cases are transmitted by dogs. (Q1) The scary thing about rabies is that it’s fatal. If you start showing symptoms, you die.viral adj. 病毒的Vismita Gupta-Smith: Sounds really serious. So talk to us about how we can prevent rabies.Bernadette Abela: The very first thing is you can avoid bites, animal bites in general. (Q2) You know, feeding animals that you don’t know. You should avoid that. Petting animals, which you don’t know. You should avoid that. Playing with puppies when there’s a mom and she’s not looking very happy. You should avoid that. (Q3) If we know how to behave around animals, if we can understand what they are telling us through their body language, we can actually avoid bites. And the best audience for this are the ones that are most affected by rabies, and those are children. So when we implement school programs around you know how to behave around animals, hygiene with animals, that is the audience we need to speak to. (Q4) And that also nurtures responsible animal ownership, which is actually the underlying need in most places. If you have an animal, you have a responsibility to care for it and also to provide it with the health care it needs.petting v. 抚摸puppy n. 小狗Vismita Gupta-Smith: Bernadette, growing up in India, I was bitten twice by street dogs. One of them was, a dog that had newborn pups and was very protective about them. And after I was bitten, I received 14 injections in my abdomen, which was very painful. How have vaccines changed since then?abdomen n. 腹部Bernadette Abela: The vaccine you got as a child, that is an outdated vaccine. It’s called nerve tissue vaccine. We do not use it anymore. WHO has stopped recommending this vaccine for decades already. (Q5) There is a new vaccine which is, very safe and effective and not painful. It is administered in the shoulder as with many other vaccines and can protect you against rabies. You can use vaccines after a bite to protect you against developing rabies. And that’s, as I said, (Q6)sort of fighting the virus by racing it to the brain so our body can build immunity before the virus reaches the brain. You won’t develop rabies. The other way is many people work with animals or work in laboratories or travel to exotic places where they may be exposed to rabies. In that case, you can also have vaccination to protect you in advance of any type of exposure being a bite or other.Vismita Gupta-Smith: When you’re bitten, what should be your next steps?Bernadette Abela: (Q7) Wash the wound for 15 minutes with soap and water, very simple. That is so important because you’ll be washing away the virus from the wound, which will clean the wound. That helps to wash away the virus. If you’re in an endemic area, then you should also seek medical advice so that they can assess whether you need vaccines and the sooner you can do this, the better.endemic adj. 地方性的,流行的Vismita Gupta-Smith: Very good. So if you’re a pet owner or even if you are around street dogs, things to remember is vaccinate the dogs and the animals if you can. And then prevent bites as much as you can.Bernadette Abela: Yes. 60,000 people still die of rabies. (Q8) 40% of those are mostly children. So it’s still very present. We should also remember that we have very powerful tools. (Q9) We’ve got vaccines that are so powerful, it can protect us and our animals from rabies. But most of all, we can also prevent the bites because that is the source of rabies. So if we learn how to behave with animals, we can already prevent bites which will never go away. But we can also prevent rabies.Vismita Gupta-Smith: Thank you very much, Bernadette. That was Science in 5 today. Until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy and stick with science.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 细节题。根据:“The scary thing about rabies is that it’s fatal. If you start showing symptoms, you die.”可知狂犬病的可怕之处在于它是致命的。一旦出现症状,就会死亡。因此答案是C。Q2. B. 细节题。根据:“You know, feeding animals that you don’t know. You should avoid that.” 可知我们应该避免喂食不认识的动物,流浪动物也属于我们不认识的动物。因此答案是B。Q3. D. 推理题。根据:“If we know how to behave around animals, if we can understand what they are telling us through their body language, we can actually avoid bites.”可知如果我们知道如何与动物相处,能通过它们的肢体语言理解它们在告诉我们什么,我们实际上可以避免被咬伤。因此答案是D。Q4. A. 细节题。根据:“And that also nurtures responsible animal ownership, which is actually the underlying need in most places.” 可知通过学校教育,可以培养儿童负责任的动物饲养意识。因此答案是A。Q5. C. 细节题。根据:“There is a new vaccine which is, very safe and effective and not painful.” 可知新疫苗非常安全有效,而且不痛苦。因此答案是C。Q6.B. 细节题。根据:“sort of fighting the virus by racing it to the brain so our body can build immunity before the virus reaches the brain” 可知疫苗相当于和病毒赛跑,在病毒到达大脑之前,让我们的身体建立起免疫力,这样就不会患上狂犬病。因此答案是B。Q7. C. 细节题。根据:“Wash the wound for 15 minutes with soap and water, very simple.”可知被咬伤后,我们应用肥皂和水清洗伤口15分钟。因此答案是C。Q8. C. 细节题。根据:“40% of those are mostly children.” 可知儿童占比为40%。因此答案是C。Q9. A. 细节题。根据:“We’ve got vaccines that are so powerful, it can protect us and our animals from rabies.” 可知我们有非常强大的疫苗,可以保护我们和我们的动物免受狂犬病的侵害。因此答案是A。Q10. D. 主旨题。根据整篇讨论,主要强调了通过疫苗接种和教育来预防咬伤,从而控制狂犬病。因此答案是D。(本文图片来源于摄图网,版权归摄图网所有)

第12届教学大赛英语专业组二等奖赵雪宇授课

授课点评:赵雪宇老师展示了“3A设计”,整合了准备、习得与应用这三个不同的教学阶段。对教学阶段和教学过程的表述比较清晰,教学过程在“3A设计”的基础上展开,强调学生参与的多元形式,例如学生提问、学生评价、学生总结等。设计框架层次清晰。教学展示与教学设计紧密地融合在了一起。展示伊始,教师提醒学生回忆“3A设计”,并且多次使用“I want you to be/do…”的句式,运用丰富的肢体语言、重读、停顿等方式明确提出了自己的期待,帮助学生更加直观地获得课堂学习的方向感。此外,教师对学生的分享做出了真诚的回应,而不只是用简短的评价话语敷衍了事,这对学习共同体的建构大有助益。这同时体现出教师对英语有着较好的掌握程度,能够从容、准确地重述学生观点,帮助学生修正语言表述上的错误,并提供更加规范、高效的表达方式。整体而言,赵老师在教学展示过程中教态得体,状态自然、松弛,说课清晰,且能够脱离讲稿等材料的辅助完成授课。课堂教学紧密围绕教学目标,环环相扣,逐步深入。她有效运用了多媒体课件,运用多样的视图突出核心教学内容,起到了辅助作用。可以看出赵老师的整体状态(尤其体现为笑容、身势,对重读、停顿的运用,以及真诚的回应)有效吸引了学生的注意力,激发了学生的学习兴趣,为学生创设了安全的发言空间,让学生有分享欲,愿意主动参与课堂互动。最后,建议赵老师未来可以在分析课文内容的同时,进一步在词汇层面对近义词加以辨析。点评专家:杨延宁

第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然说课

说课点评:胡笑然老师在说课环节清晰地表达了对所给文章的文本理解和基于语篇主题意义探究而开展教学的基本认识。在拿到文章后的短暂时间内,该选手对语篇进行了审读,并在此基础上快速构思了90分钟的教学设计,形成了基本的教学步骤。根据教学设计,胡老师计划选择与语篇主题相关的短视频为导入,激发学生的学习兴趣;然后以解读语篇为抓手,对语篇的主题、结构、语言、文体等方面进行分析。胡老师按照学生“学后能做”为目的,确定本课的教学目标并介绍了具体的教学步骤。她在教学设计中体现了自己的教学理念和对课文的独到见解,将课文分为三个部分,对每一部分的内容和结构进行了必要的讲解。通过解析语篇的主题,确定了语篇的中心思想,之后列举了语篇的核心概念、关键名词以及相关修饰词及其功能。胡老师将教学目标设定为学生“能做”,即能够理解语篇的主题意义,能够发现篇章结构的特征,能够与话题相同但来源不同的同类文章进行对比从而激发学生的批判性思维,能够从文章的体裁、结构、修辞等方面学习、理解和掌握语篇的关键词语,以及作者对关键概念的词语修饰和语言表达。教学设计安排了学生的小组讨论,要求学生形成有具体步骤的思维导图和概念关联,并在课堂上融入思政元素,并进行必要的陈述。最后一个环节为开放性的讨论,引导学生对不同的观点进行评论。胡老师基于丰富的教学经验和对学情的分析判断,对教学目的、教学重点、教学环节以及设计缘由作了清晰的陈述,显示了其对教学语篇的基本认识和语篇教学娴熟的驾驭能力。说课目的明确,条理清晰,设计突出主题,有一定的感染力,突出学生主体,采用活动途径,倡导体验参与,重视培养学生批判性思维和论说能力,所设计的教学环节有较好的可操作性。从整体上看,胡笑然老师有较高的人文素养和自己的教学风格,语言流畅,表述准确,知识面较广,该说课达到了较高的水准。不过胡笑然老师的时间把控不佳,说课缺乏完整性,强调篇章结构和概念理解,但忽略了教学评的一致性和一体化设计。建议她在今后的教学设计中更加重视学生在语言知识、语言技能、文化内涵、思维心智、情感态度等方面的综合发展和有效评价,积极采用探究式、任务型、交互性的教学方法,加强课外作业的安排和指导,促进学生在语言能力、人文素养、科学思维等方面的同步发展。点评专家:梅德明

教育培训更多

AI赋能外语课堂研究:教学案例与选题设计

一、课程简介1.AI赋能外语课堂教学研究的选题凝练与案例解析华南师范大学金檀本讲座以AI赋能外语课堂教学为切入点,就“一针三库”智能教研团队在研究选题方面的一些探索与尝试进行分享。讲座由“选题凝练”与“案例解析”两大板块组成。在“选题凝练”板块,讲座将围绕“发展潜力”“前期基础”与“后期关联”阐述如何凝练出有影响、好落地、可持续的选题;在“案例解析”板块,讲座将选取AI赋能教材开发、教学设计与学生反馈的典型研究案例,剖析不同研究范式在AI赋能课堂教学研究中的应用路径。最后,讲座还会就AI赋能课堂教学研究所面临的困难与挑战进行探讨并提供建议。2.AI赋能外语课堂教学资源整合与素材分析西安交通大学 张晓鹏随着AI的迅速发展,语言教学领域正迎来一场深刻的变革。特别是在外语教育中,AI为教学资源的整合与教学素材的分析提供了全新的可能性。通过AI的应用,教师能够更加高效地组织和管理教学内容,学生则能够在个性化、互动式学习中获得更好的学习体验。本讲座旨在探讨如何利用AI技术赋能外语课堂的教学资源整合与素材分析,重点介绍以下几个方面:(1)AI在外语课堂中的应用:自然语言处理、机器学习等AI技术如何在外语教学中发挥作用。(2)教学资源整合与优化:如何利用AI整合碎片化的教学资源,并通过智能推荐与自适应学习系统实现个性化教学。(3)AI辅助素材分析与反馈:如何利用AI自动分析和处理外语学习素材,并基于反馈进行学习素材分级。(4)大语言模型与续论研究:分析AI模型如何通过语义理解与生成,提升语言交互的自然性与深度,成为学习者的“智能辅导员”。(5)未来展望与挑战:讨论教学资源整合与素材分析前沿研究课题捕捉,AI在外语教育中的应用前景与挑战。3. AI赋能外语课堂研究:教学案例与选题设计香港科技大学(广州)张铁夫(1)AI赋能下的高校外语课程教学设计创新与实践:本部分将梳理AI技术在高校外语教学设计领域的发展趋势,探讨AI在不同类型外语课程中的应用方式与潜力。将围绕教学目标、课堂活动、师生互动等核心环节,交流AI引入后带来的变化与思考,为外语课程的创新实践提供启发。(2)生成式人工智能在外语教学与科研中的潜在应用:本部分聚焦智能体在外语教育中的新兴作用,包括其在学习支持、教学管理和反馈、以及教师科研工作等方面的多重可能性。将介绍智能体与其他AI工具的基本区别,并展望未来在高校外语教育与研究中的发展前景。(3)AI应用过程中的现实难题与应对思考:本部分关注AI应用过程中涉及的伦理与道德议题,如数据安全、隐私保护和学术诚信。通过对常见问题的梳理,探讨外语教师在实践中如何应对这些挑战,保障教学的公平性与规范性。(4)教师如何把教学中的AI问题做成课题:外语教师的创新选题路径:本部分将探讨如何将日常教学中遇到的AI相关问题或经验转化为有价值的研究课题。内容涵盖问题发现、选题凝练、文献梳理到研究方案设计,为外语教师开展科研提供思路与参考。(5)经验交流与教师合作新路径:最后,通过集体讨论、经验分享和交流合作,激发参会教师的创新思考,推动形成跨校、跨学科的教师学习与研究共同体,共同探索AI赋能高校外语教育的多种可能。4. AI赋能的外语测评反馈与问卷设计:从教学实践走向科研创新广东外语外贸大学王亚冰(1)AI赋能语言测评与反馈——理念与实践。包括但不限于AI技术在语言评估中的应用现状,例如以批改网、Grammarly为代表的自动评估系统;AI反馈在教学中的案例解析,以实证论文为例。(2)AI辅助下的问卷设计与数据采集。包括但不限于高质量问卷的设计原则、ChatGPT等AI工具在问卷设计中的实用技巧、外语教学领域问卷设计的论文解析。(3)从教学问题到科研课题——选题凝练与研究设计。包括但不限于如何从教学问题中提炼研究问题、可行的研究设计框架(量化/质性/混合)、基于AI的外语教师科研选题案例分享。二、专家简介1.金檀教授、博士生导师,华南师范大学国际文化学院院长,主要研究领域为语料库语言学、语言智能教学、语言能力测评。主讲“语言、数据与研究”系列课程(外研社U讲堂),主编《外语教学智慧科研方法入门》(外教社年度好书),获国家级教学成果奖两项。主持国家社科与教育部人文社科等项目多项,担任Language Testing in Asia副主编,获省级哲学社会科学奖一项。主持搭建“一针三库智能教研平台”(LanguageData.net,微信公众号“语言数据网”),所研制的“文本分级指难针”已被国内外上万所机构的专业同行广泛采用。2.张晓鹏博士,西安交通大学教授,博士生导师,国家民委中青年英才,陕西省青年千人,广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心“续”论研究室兼职研究员,《第二语言学习研究》副主编。主持国家社科基金项目3项(重点、一般、青年各一项)。中国知网高被引学者TOP1%。在AppliedLinguistics,Language Learning,Language Teaching Research,Modern Language Journal,Second Language Research,Studies in Second Language Acquisition,《外语教学与研究》等语言学顶刊上发表论文六十余篇,出版学术专著2部。担任20多家SSCI和CSSCI语言学期刊审稿专家。3.张铁夫博士,现任香港科技大学(广州)语言教育与实践学科助理教授、语言测评负责人,2019年获悉尼大学博士学位,具备语言教育与数据科学的专业背景,被评四川外籍高层次A类人才。主要研究方向为二语习得、二语写作及语言教师教育。主持教育部人文社会科学研究项目、教育部教育考试院科研项目等多项课题,在国内外高水平期刊发表论文20余篇,现为国际期刊 System编委。4.王亚冰广东外语外贸大学英语教育学院副教授,云山青年学者。新西兰奥克兰大学博士后,香港中文大学教育心理学博士, 曾赴澳大利亚昆士兰大学心理系联合培养。近五年来在国内外权威期刊发表论文近40篇,代表作发表在《中国外语》、《外语界》、《外语教学》、System, Language Teaching Research, Assessing Writing, Education and Information Technologies, Journal of Multilingual AndMulticultural Development, Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, ClinicalPsychology Review(IF=12)等期刊。主持或参与国家级及省部级项目多项,曾获广东省哲学社会科学优秀成果奖三等奖。

AI辅助外语科研项目申报与论文写作发表

一、课程内容简介(一)、主题讲座外语研究项目申报与论文写作:评审标准与案例解析华中科技大学徐锦芬外语研究项目申报与论文写作需遵循差异化的评审标准,明确二者异同是提升学术成果质量的关键。本报告首先系统分析项目书与论文在结构要素(如研究动机、文献综述、研究设计)和评审侧重(如创新性、可行性、学术规范性)上的共性与差异(如论文需结果讨论而项目书强调预期贡献)。然后结合国家社科基金申报书及学术论文的典型评审案例,通过正反对比揭示高频失分点(如问题意识模糊、方法论描述不足)与优秀范例特征(如理论框架可视化、研究设计清晰严谨),以帮助大家更好地以评审标准为准则,结合自己的研究主题完成高质量的项目申报书和论文。高级别社科基金项目申报:选题提炼 • 内容撰写 • 前期积累——以个人申报和评审经验为例北京第二外国语学院 司显柱本报告聚焦省级及以上社科基金课题申报,结合主讲人自身申报和评审经验,从基金项目申报意义、学术规划、选题提炼、申报书撰写、前期准备以及团队组建等方面进行详细阐述,以期助力和赋能项目申请人走向成功。(二)、实操工作坊AI辅助科研项目申报与论文写作发表专题工作坊1:技术理路与创新实践山东大学 杨港模块1:AI 工具赋能外语教师科研创新的理路与见解课程目标:1. 探讨如何借助 AI 工具提高研究选题的准确性和个性化2. 熟悉结合 AI 工具的实证研究设计和实施的全过程课程内容(包括但不限于):1. 利用 AI 工具开展科学研究的基本理路2. 利用 AI 工具开展科学研究的应用场景3. AI 工具与研究选题的甄别和确定4. AI 工具与实证研究设计和实施5. AI 工具与科研成果的产出和传播模块2:AI 工具赋能高校教师科研创新实践工作坊课程目标:1. 交流如何利用 AI 工具辅助课题申请书及论文写作,提高写作质量和竞争力2. 让 AI 工具成为课题申请书及论文写作与修改的咨询顾问与得力助手课程内容(包括但不限于):1. 如何借助 AI 工具高效检索和阅读文献2. 如何借助 AI 工具撰写课题申请书① 优秀课题申请书案例分享② 小组合作完成申请书撰写③ 申请书点评与修改路径分析3. 如何借助 AI 工具撰写期刊论文① CSSCI、SSCI 论文案例分享② 小组合作完成论文写作思路及部分内容③ 论文点评与修改路径分析AI辅助科研项目申报与论文写作发表专题工作坊2:学术洞察与技术路径山东大学 王峰模块一:AI赋能的科研选题挖掘与文献综述撰写课程目标:本模块以实证类外语学科课题申报为例,帮助研究者掌握基于大语言模型的文献检索、分析与整合能力,提升其对学术前沿的把握水平,从而科学、精准地确定科研选题方向,增强选题的创新性与可行性。课程内容(包括但不限于):1.大语言模型在学术资源获取中的应用·高效检索国际权威数据库(如Web of Science等)· 快速筛选高质量、高被引论文· 掌握关键词提取、主题聚类、趋势分析2. 国际前沿文献的甄别与解读· 识别外语学科研究热点与趋势· 深度解析高水平期刊论文的研究范式与理论框架· 提高综述论辩效果与逻辑性3. 选题创新性与可行性的论证准备· 确定选题范围,论证选题可行性· 提炼核心问题,设计研究方法· 生成研究路线图模块二:AI辅助下的申报书撰写与呈现优化课程目标:本模块聚焦课题申报书写作的核心环节,引导研究者运用大语言模型提升申报书的逻辑结构、论证深度与表达质量,强化申报材料的整体呈现效果,提高中标率与发表潜力。课程内容(包括但不限于):1. 申报书整体结构与逻辑优化· 构建申报书思维导图与内容提纲· 提升学术语言表达的专业性与规范性· 精准表述研究价值、创新点与预期成果· 对比分析常见错误写法与AI优化后的优质写法案例· 图表语言风格统一与学术化处理技巧2. 参考文献管理与格式标准化· 大语言模型自动识别并整理引用文献来源· 支持多种引用格式(APA、MLA、Chicago等)自动生成模块二:AI辅助下的申报书撰写与呈现优化课程目标:本模块聚焦课题申报书写作的核心环节,引导研究者运用大语言模型提升申报书的逻辑结构、论证深度与表达质量,强化申报材料的整体呈现效果,提高中标率与发表潜力。课程内容(包括但不限于):1. 申报书整体结构与逻辑优化· 构建申报书思维导图与内容提纲· 提升学术语言表达的专业性与规范性· 精准表述研究价值、创新点与预期成果· 对比分析常见错误写法与AI优化后的优质写法案例· 图表语言风格统一与学术化处理技巧2. 参考文献管理与格式标准化· 大语言模型自动识别并整理引用文献来源· 支持多种引用格式(APA、MLA、Chicago等)自动生成AI辅助科研项目申报与论文写作发表专题工作坊3:学术创新与技术跃升华东师范大学 赵朝永课程模块一:AI赋能学术创新:“道、术、器”的辩证融通课程目标:本模块在人工智能时代的技术背景下,以外语学科学术研究中“道、术、器”的有机融合为要旨,以外语研究领域(语言对比、翻译、话语分析等)某实际案例为依托,从宏观理念到具体实践,厘清构成学术研究链条“以道驭术,以术成器,器以载道”的完整体系。课程内容(包括但不限于):1.外语学术之“道”——AI时代的理论范式重构· “人机共生”时代的外语教学与研究:理论演进的AI驱动力分析· 大语言模型冲击下的学术伦理重建:透明度、问责性与主体性· 后人类学术观:当AI成为“合作者”的理论解释路径2.研究设计之“术”——智能技术赋能的方论革新· 数智技术催生研究范式变革· 理论假设与技术实现的有机融合3.技术工具之“器”——外语学术路径的智能化· 外语学习智能体· 学术研究的数智化倾向· 可视化分析工具4.伦理风险防控——智能工具的学术合规使用· AI辅助研究的学术署名边界:以翻译过程数据采集为例· 多语种语料库建设的知识产权风险分析· 国际期刊对AI工具声明的政策解读(以JoSTrans为例)课程模块二:AI赋能技术跃升:问题、方法与路径课程目标:本课程以翻译研究为核心,探讨人工智能技术如何驱动翻译领域的理论创新与实践变革。通过解析AI时代翻译研究的关键问题,系统介绍技术赋能的方法论及可行路径(情感分析、主题建模、接收效果、读者需求等),培养学员技术创新能力,推动翻译研究的技术跃升与学科发展。课程内容(包括但不限于):1.AI时代外语与翻译研究的核心问题· 人机对话式外语教学与翻译模式对传统研究的挑战· 技术颠覆与传统理论的冲突与困境· 人机互动时代的伦理边界与人文价值反思2.人工智能技术驱动的外语研究(以论文发表与项目申报为例)· 研究话题的筛选与创新· 研究范式的融合与突破· 方法和路径革新实践:人机译文对比、机器翻译质量评估研究示范、情感分析、主题建模、读者需求分析、舆情热点追踪、实时翻译策略优化等3.批判性反思与未来方向· 技术局限性讨论· 文化隐喻与外语研究的AI“盲区”· 后编辑(PE)中不可替代的人类干预· 跨学科创新路径二、主讲专家简介徐锦芬华中科技大学二级教授,博士生导师,国务院政府特殊津贴专家,中国英汉语比较研究会二语习得研究专业委员会会长、外语教师教育与发展委员会常务理事、写作教学与研究专业委员会常务理事,TESOL中国华中区域专家委员会副主任委员。研究方向为外语教育、二语习得、教师发展。主持省部级以上课题20多项;在国内外重要期刊发表论文230多篇;出版专著和主编教材30多部。潘鸣威上海外国语大学教授、博士生导师、科研处处长。上海市东方英才青年学者,上海市曙光学者。研究领域主要包括语言测试、大规模考试开发等。主持完成国家社科基金和省部级项目3项、政府委托项目4项,出版学术专著5部,在国内外学术期刊发表论文70余篇。兼任亚洲语言测试学会中国区代表、全国语言测试与评价委员会常务理事、全国高等学校英语专业四、八级考试测试专家组副组长。曾荣获上海市优秀教学成果奖一等奖、二等奖。杨港博士、博士后,山东大学外国语学院副教授、硕士生导师。研究方向为外语教学理论与实践,学术兴趣包括 AI 赋能的外语教学设计与评价、外语学习者认知与心理、外语教师发展等;主持国家社科基金一般项目、教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目、中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目、山东省本科教学改革研究项目等课题各1项、山东省社科规划研究项目2项;出版专著2部;主编教材5套14部,其中国家级规划教材6部;发表论文20余篇,其中 16篇收录于CSSCI来源期刊(如《外语界》《外语与外语教学》《外语电化教学》)、SSCI一区期刊(如 System, Education and Information Technologies, International Journal of Multilingualism);获评山东省高等教育教学成果二等奖、山东省社会科学优秀成果三等奖和山东省普通高等教育一流教材以及“宝钢教育奖励基金”和“邵一兵教育奖励基金”。主要学术兼职包括:国家社科基金项目成果鉴定专家(获全国哲学社会科学工作办公室颁发的“认真负责的鉴定专家”荣誉称号)、多家CSSCI来源期刊以及SSCI期刊审稿专家等。王峰山东大学翻译学院教授、博士生导师、博士后合作导师,同济大学文学博士、布鲁塞尔自由大学应用语言学博士,国际韩礼德语言学研究会秘书长,山东省泰山学者青年专家。研究方向:功能语篇分析、语料库翻译学。主持国家社科后期资助项目1项、国家文旅部重点课题1项、省级课题4项。在Perspectives, Critical Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences Communications,SAGE Open, Psychology in the Schools, Australian Journal of Linguistics, Style, Target, Functions of Language, Chinese Semiotic Studies,《外国语》《中国外语》《中国翻译》《外语教学》《外语研究》《外语教学理论与实践》《外语电化教学》《外语导刊》《外语学刊》《上海翻译》等国内外核心期刊上发表论文40余篇。赵朝永华东师范大学外语学院副院长、教授、博士生导师、博士后合作导师,校科学研究委员会委员。上海外国语大学翻译学博士,北京外国语大学外国语言学及应用语言学博士后。主要研究方向:语料库翻译学、英汉对比与外语教学。出版专著2部、译著10部;在SSCI、CSSCI刊物上发表论文40余篇。兼任中国传统文化翻译与国际传播研究会副会长、生态语言学专业委员会常务理事等学术职务。

2025年中国社会语言学夏日书院

一、研修内容(一)数智时代与变化世界中的社会语言学前沿在人工智能与数字技术深度重构语言生态的背景下,社会语言学正面临理论革新与方法迭代的双重机遇。本期研修将聚焦中国社会语言学的前沿动态,既介绍新时代社会语言生活变化带来的众多新议题、语言研究的新范式,也涉及社会语言学核心分支领域新趋势、数智时代全球语言生活新图景、语言田野调查新进展、AI时代的社会语言学研究新路径等。学员可了解新问题、新方法、新范式,不仅提升理论素养和实际探究能力,还能在与专家的面对面交流中获得具体指导。(二)语言研究选题与建构本模块以“问题驱动”为核心,通过工作坊形式指导学员挖掘具有学术价值与社会意义的语言研究课题。尤其关注如何选题、如何建构研究的原则和方法。由于语言是一种极其复杂的研究对象,确定研究对象与核心概念、提出恰当的研究问题、选择合理的研究方法,对能否做出科学合理的研究至关重要。富有研究经验的专家将通过讲解原理、分析案例、问答互动等方法,帮助学员了解语言研究的复杂性,掌握研究选题与建构原则的原则与方法。二、研修日程时间授课内容授课专家7月25日(周五)14:00~20:00学员报到7月26日(周六)08:30~08:45开班式08:50~10:50语言学的靶点与锚点——20年中国语言生活研究概览李宇明13:00~15:00社会语言学各分支的前沿进展与发展趋势田海龙15:30~17:30海外汉语方言流布研究的背景与方法郭 熙18:30~20:30工作坊:语言研究选题与建构刘祥柏等7月27日(周日)08:00~10:00新言语行为分析与语言研究的多维路径胡范铸10:10~12:10语言田野调查研究的理念与路径王莉宁13:50~15:50AI时代的社会语言学研究——AI与社会语言学家的合作共赢许宏晨16:00~18:00数智时代语言生活的全球图景:趋势、冲突与治理创新赵蓉晖7月28日(周一)学员返程(注:研修日程以报到日发放的最终版会务手册为准。)三、讲课专家(按姓名音序排列)郭 熙 暨南大学 教授胡范铸 华东师范大学 教授李宇明 北京语言大学 教授刘祥柏 中国社会科学院 研究员王莉宁 北京语言大学 教授田海龙 中国石油大学(北京) 教授许宏晨 北京语言大学 教授赵蓉晖 上海外国语大学 教授

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