全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程第三册

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程3的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程第一册

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程第二册

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

双语阅读 | 如何实现新年目标

如何实现新年目标How to make your New Year’s resolutions happen王淑怡 供稿Every year, millions of people make New Year’s resolutions, hoping to sparkpositive change. The recurringthemes each year include a more active approach to health and fitness, improved finances, and learning new skills.Despite the best of intentions, many people struggle to finishtheir plans. According to statistics published by the University of Scranton, about 45 percent of Americans usually make New Year's resolutions. However, of those who make resolutions，a mere 8 percent achieve them.每年，许多人都会制定自己的新年目标，希望在新的一年中做出积极改变。认真锻炼、保持健康、存钱、学习新技能……这几个主题年年都会在我们的计划中重复出现。虽然愿望很美好，但很多人的计划都会以失败告终。美国斯克兰顿大学的调查数据表明，大约45%的人会制定新年目标，但只有8%的人能够实现。According to research, the most common reasons people struggle to keep their resolutions include not being specific enough, notmentally preparedfor change, and lackofresolution. If you want to realize your New Year’s resolution this year, trythefollowing2 steps:研究显示，人们常见的无法实现新年目标的原因包括：目标不够具体、还没有准备好接受改变以及缺乏实现目标的动力。如果今年你想要认真完成新年目标，可以尝试以下两个方法：1.Write down your goals withSMART principlesfor the areas in your life you are committed to changing.1.用SMART原则在你希望做出改变的领域制定目标Specific. Your resolution should be clear. Rather than saying, “I want to start exercising,” we would say, “I want to start exercising 20 minutes a day, three times a week.”S代表具体(Specific)，你的目标必须具体清晰。比如“我想要开始锻炼”不够具体，可以说“我想要每天锻炼20分钟，一周锻炼三次”。Measurable. Ensure that you benchmarkyour progress. This will help with your motivation and allow you to see the progress you have made so far.M代表可度量(Measurable)，确保你能够衡量目标完成的情况，这有助于提升你的积极性，并且能够直观地看到目前为止所取得的成就。Achievable. Even the loftiestgoals can be accomplished ifyoumakeefforts. Try to avoid set goals that are out of you reach.A代表可实现(Achievable)，即使是最难以完成的目标，在付出努力的情况下目标依然可以实现，尽量避免设立你无法达到的目标。Relevant. Why is this important to you now? Is this goal relevant in your life right now? Relevance is particularly important when setting professional goals. R代表相关性(Relevant)，为什么现阶段这个目标对你很重要？这个目标是否与你现在的生活相关？相关性在制定职业规划时尤为重要。Time-bound means setting a specific deadline for accomplishment. A deadline creates a sense of urgency to motivate us to act.T代表有时限(Time-bound)，指要为完成目标设定一个具体的时间期限，给自己制造一种紧迫性，从而激励自己完成目标。2.Make it fun2.找些乐趣Most of us strive for efficiency when it comes to achieving our goals. If you want to get fit, you figure a punishing workout will be just the thing to produce rapid progress. If you want to acea class, you assume long, distraction-free study sessions are key. But research has shown that focusing on efficiency can leave you high and dry because you'll neglect an even more important part of the equation: whether you enjoy the act of goal pursuit.在完成目标的过程中，大多数人都力求高效。如果你的目标是锻炼身体，你会认为高强度的锻炼将能让你快速取得成效。如果你想学好一门功课，你会认为长时间、不被打扰的学习很重要。但研究表明，专注于效率会让你被困在原地，因为你会忽略更重要的事，也就是你是否享受追求目标的过程。If it's not fun to exercise or study, you're unlikely to keep at it. But if you get pleasure from your workouts or study sessions, research has found you'll persist longer. And in the end, that's what often matters most to achieving a New Year's resolution.如果锻炼或学习没有乐趣，你就不太可能坚持下去。但研究发现如果你从锻炼或学习中获得乐趣，就会坚持得更久。而最终，这往往是实现新年计划的最重要因素。One way to make pursuing a goal that normally feels like a choremore fun is to combine it with a guilty pleasure. Consider only letting yourself watch your favorite TV show at the gym so you'll start looking forward to workouts. Or only letting yourself drink a coffee during study sessions so there is a hook to get you to the library. 想要把追求一个辛苦的目标变得更有趣，方法就是把它与有罪恶感的快乐结合起来。可能仅仅允许自己在健身房看最喜欢的电视节目，你就会开始期待锻炼了。或者让自己在学习期间喝咖啡，这样就有了去图书馆的动力。【VOCABULARY】1.sparkv.引发2.recurringadj.反复出现的，再次发生的3.benchmarkv.（根据某种标准）评估，衡量4.loftyadj.（思想、目标等）崇高的；高尚的5.time-boundadj. 有时限的6.acev.在……中取得好成绩7.equationn.（必须考虑多种因素的）复杂局面（或问题）8.choren. 令人厌烦的任务；乏味无聊的工作(封面图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有）

双语阅读 | 为什么社交媒体让人情绪低落

为什么社交媒体让人情绪低落Why Social Media Causes Depression王淑怡 供稿A study published in Depression and Anxiety found that social media users are more likely to be depressed. But how does social media make you depressed when spending time on social media can be a fun way to pass time? Well, here are a few reasons and what you can do about it.《抑郁与焦虑》杂志的一项研究发现，社交媒体用户更容易抑郁。社交媒体本来是一个很有趣的打发时间的方式，为什么它会让人如此不开心呢？以下是社交媒体使人情绪低落的原因，以及我们该如何应对。Social media encourages social comparison社交媒体会引发社交攀比There have been many studies linking social media to depression. A study in the Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology shows we feel depressed because we’re comparing our own lives to others’ highlight reels. Most people like to portray an idealized image of their lives, personal traits, and appearance on sites like Facebook and Instagram. If you confuse this idealized image with reality, you may be under the false impression that everyone is better than you which can crush your self-esteem and lead to depression. This is especially true for teens and young adults who are more likely to compare themselves to others. If you already suffer from low self-esteem, the illusion that everyone has it better off than you will just make you feel worse.许多研究显示，使用社交媒体容易让人抑郁。《社会与临床心理学》杂志中的一项研究表明，我们之所以会感到抑郁，是因为我们总是拿自己的日常和他人的高光时刻做比较。大多数人喜欢在Facebook和Instagram等平台描绘自己生活、个人特征和外表的理想化形象，如果你混淆了这种理想化的形象和现实，你可能会产生一种错误的印象，认为每个人都比你优秀，这会摧毁你的自尊，导致抑郁。这对青少年和年轻人来说尤其如此，他们更有可能将自己与他人进行比较。如果你已经饱受自卑之苦，那种认为每个人都比你过得更好的错觉只会让你感觉更糟。Social media may lead to information bombarding社交媒体会带来信息轰炸Picture this: you're between Zoom meetings, and scrolling through your social media newsfeed. Headlines like "Death toll continues to rise", "COVID-19 may cause long-term health implications" and "Health-care systems overwhelmed" flash across your screen. Your mood takes a dive, but you can't stop scrolling. Seeing these constant reminders causes you to feel more depressed than before. Research suggest that people have a tendency to seek out information during uncertain times and exposure to negative news is likely to be detrimental to our emotional wellbeing. For instance, one study conducted in March 2020 involving more than 6,000 Americans found that the more time participants spent consuming COVID news in a day, the unhappier they felt.想象一下，你刚开完一个视频会议，趁着空闲翻阅一下社交媒体的推送新闻。屏幕上闪过的标题都是“死亡率继续上升”、“新冠病毒可能会对健康产生长期危害”、“医疗系统不堪重负”之类的。你的心情骤然间变得低落，但是你仍忍不住继续翻阅，看着不间断的消息提醒，你更焦虑了。研究表明，人们在充满不确定性的时期往往都会去寻找信息，而负面新闻不利于精神健康。例如，2020年3月开展的一项涵盖了6000多名美国人的研究发现，参与者在一天内用于浏览疫情新闻的时间越多，他们就越不开心。So, what can we do to build a healthy relationship with social media?所以，我们应该怎么做，才能和社交媒体建立良性健康的关系呢？Spend real, meaningful time with your friends. Instead of trying to amass friends on social media, a best cure for depression might be spending time with those you're closest to.多花点时间陪陪真正的朋友。与其试图在社交媒体上广交朋友，不如花点时间和最亲密的人在一起，这可能是避免情绪低落的最好方法。Seek out content that makes you happy to balance out your newsfeed. This may be images of cute kittens, beautiful landscapes, drool-worthy food videos or something else. You could even follow a social media account dedicated to sharing only happy and positive news.查阅推送信息时多看那些让你开心的内容，比如可爱的小猫、美丽的风景、令人垂涎欲滴的美食视频，甚至可以关注一个专门分享快乐积极新闻的社交媒体用户。Consider removing apps from your phone. If it’s hard for you to limit or adjust the amount of time you spend on social media, consider deleting your apps from your phone. This’ll help to prevent that mindless scrolling you do at work, at the dinner table, and so on.考虑从手机中删除某些社交软件。如果你做不到减少浏览社交媒体的时间，可以考虑直接从手机上删除这些社交软件。这将有助于避免你在工作时或在就餐等场合下意识地刷手机。【VOCABULARY】1.highlight reel 高能时刻，高光时刻2.crush v. 破坏，毁坏（某人的信心或幸福）3.self-esteem 自尊心4.scroll v. 滚屏，滚动5.take a dive 暴跌6.amass v. （尤指大量）积累，积聚7.newsfeed n. 新闻供应8.drool-worthy adj. 令人垂涎欲滴的(封面图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有）

双语阅读 | 微笑的力量

微笑的力量The Power of a Smile王淑怡 供稿It is no secret that smiling is contagious. But do you know how powerful a smile can be? It brings benefits to us both physically and mentally. Here are some of the benefits that you can get from a simple smile.众所周知，微笑是会传染的。但你知道微笑有多强大吗？它给我们的身心带来诸多好处，下面就是一个简单的微笑带来的几个好处。1. Smiling releases endorphins and relieves stress1. 微笑可以释放内啡肽，缓解压力Feeling stressed out and over-loaded? Try smiling. According to recent studies, smiling has the power to reduce stress and increase our ability to deal with trying situations. This is largely owing to the fact that smiling boosts endorphin output and forces us to breathe deeper, resulting in a calmer outlook and increased coping ability.感到压力太大、负担很重吗？试着微笑吧！最新研究表明，微笑能够减轻压力，提升我们应对困难的能力。这很大程度上是因为微笑可以释放内啡肽，迫使我们深呼吸，从而让我们更加平静，应对能力更强。When you smile, even when you force it, your body releases the “feel good" hormones and endorphins, which will put you in a much better mood and relieve stress.当你微笑的时候，即使你是在强迫自己微笑，你的身体也会释放让你“感觉良好”的荷尔蒙和内啡肽，这会让你心情更好，也能缓解压力。2. Smiling boosts the immune system2. 微笑可以增强免疫系统Smiling really can improve your physical health. Your body is more relaxed when you smile, which contributes to good health and a stronger immune system.微笑确实可以改善身体健康。当你微笑时，身体会更放松，这有助于保持身体健康和增强免疫系统。In addition to making you look more attractive, successful and approachable, smiling may also protect you from the common cold. According to recent data, smiling can help boost the immune system by decreasing stress levels, which in turn increases white blood cell count and releases beneficial antibodies that help fight infection and disease.微笑不仅能让你看起来更有吸引力、更成功、更平易近人，还能让你免受感冒的困扰。根据最新数据，微笑可以通过缓解压力来增强免疫系统，增加白细胞数量，释放有益抗体，帮助你对抗各类感染和疾病。3. Smiling is contagious3. 微笑具有感染力There are many facial expressions a person can make, but only a smile has the power to brighten and make your day. Moreover, it can even act on the moods of people around you.人们可以做出很多面部表情，但只有微笑能够让你一天都变得明亮美好。此外，它甚至可以影响你周围人的情绪。According to science, neurons in the brain have a synchronizing feature that keeps you in sync with people you’re talking to. If they smile, you’ll smile. In a study that was conducted in Sweden, researchers found that people found it really difficult to frown, when they were looking at other people who were smiling and they couldn’t help smiling themselves.据科学研究，大脑中的神经元有同步功能，可以让你与你的谈话对象保持同步。如果他们微笑，你也会微笑。在瑞典进行的一项研究中，研究人员发现，当人们看到其他人在微笑时，他们很难皱起眉头，并且自己也会忍不住要笑。4. Smiling Suggests Success4. 微笑和成功密切相关Studies suggested that individuals who smile often appear more confident and more likely to be approached. It would be a great idea to put a smile at important meetings and business arrangements. You may unexpectedly find that individuals will respond to you.研究表明，经常微笑的人显得更加自信、更有亲和力。在重要会议和商务活动中面带微笑不失为一个好办法。你会惊喜地收获他人的回应。【VOCABULARY】1. contagious adj. （情感）具有感染力的，（疾病）传染的2. endorphins n. [生化] 内啡肽3. trying adj. 令人厌烦的，难对付的4. hormone n. [生理]激素；荷尔蒙5. white blood cell. 白细胞6. antibody n. [免疫]抗体7. neuron n. [解剖] 神经元，神经单位8. synchronizing adj. 同步的9. frown v. 皱眉；蹙额(封面图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有）

练习 | 不要总当老好人

不要总当老好人Stop Being So Nice刘立军供稿TRANSCRIPTIt’s natural and beautiful to strive to be a nice person. In a world full of cruelty and thoughtlessness, nice people are committed to being generous, sympathetic and gentle. They never want to cause anyone to feel defeated or to lose sleep. They will go to great lengths to spare others tears. It sounds especially lovely.Nevertheless, it seems impossible to go through the whole of life being nothing but kind. Sooner or later, we are all called upon to take decisions that, even as they protect things we very much care about, will ruffle feathers, generate upset and may lead us to be (at least for a time) violently hated in some quarters.We might, for example, have to tell a romantic partner that, in spite of our deep affection for them, we don’t see ourselves being together for the long term. Or we might have to tell a child that it’s now bedtime and that there can be no more stories. Or we might have to explain to a colleague that we don’t see them fitting into a team and that they might be better off looking for opportunities elsewhere.Such situations can be agony for committedly ‘nice’ people. There are great temptations to delay the moment of truth or avoid it altogether. The ‘nice’ still deep down hope that they might - while always smiling and agreeing - stay friends with everyone. Their distinctive sensitivity has often have been fostered by childhoods in which the consequences of being honest and forthright were especially difficult. They might have had a parent who flew into a rage or threatened suicide whenever an awkward idea was laid before them - perfect preparation for an adulthood in which there appears to be no option but to tell everyone what they want to hear.However, being truly nice involves something ‘nicer’ than constant agreement and emollience. It means signalling to others what one’s value system is and sticking by it, even at the occasional cost of public opposition. It means taking on the burden of telling others where we stand and ruining their afternoon or month in order to save their long-term future and our own. It means accepting that there might be choices to be made between loyalty and sincerity and effectiveness and bonhomie.Mature people have come to terms with the tragic need to acquire something even more important than popularity: a character.VOCABULARY1. ruffle v. to make sb. annoyed, worried or upset 搅扰；激怒；使沮丧；使担心2. agony n. extreme physical or mental pain （精神或肉体的）极度痛苦3. forthright adj. direct and honest in manner and speech 直率的；直截了当的；坦诚的4. emollience n. 软化作用5. bonhomie n. （不可数名词）(from French, formal) a feeling of cheerful friendship 欢快友好的感觉；欢乐的友情QUESTIONSRead the passage. Then listen to the news and fill in the blanks with the information (words, phrases or sentences) you hear.It’s natural and beautiful to strive to be a nice person. In a world full of (Q1) ________________, nice people are committed to being generous, sympathetic and gentle. They never want to cause anyone to (Q2) ______________ or to lose sleep. They will go to great lengths to spare others tears. It sounds especially lovely.Nevertheless, it seems impossible to go through the whole of life being nothing but kind. Sooner or later, we are all called upon to take decisions that, even as they protect things we very much care about, will ruffle feathers, generate (Q3) __________ and may lead us to be (at least for a time) violently hated in some quarters.We might, for example, have to tell a romantic partner that, in spite of our deep affection for them, we don’t see ourselves being together for the long term. Or we might have to tell a child that it’s now bedtime and that there can be no more stories. Or we might have to explain to a (Q4) ________ that we don’t see them fitting into a team and that they might be better off looking for opportunities elsewhere.Such situations can be (Q5) ____________ for committedly ‘nice’ people. There are great temptations to delay the moment of truth or avoid it altogether. The ‘nice’ still deep down hope that they might - while always smiling and agreeing - stay friends with everyone. Their distinctive sensitivity has often have been fostered by childhoods in which the consequences of being (Q6) ________________ were especially difficult. They might have had a parent who flew into a rage or threatened suicide whenever an (Q7) __________ idea was laid before them - perfect preparation for an adulthood in which there appears to be no option but to tell everyone what they want to hear.However, being truly nice involves something ‘nicer’ than constant agreement and emollience. It means signalling to others what one’s value system is and sticking by it, even at the occasional cost of (Q8) ____________________. It means taking on the burden of telling others where we stand and ruining their afternoon or month in order to save their long-term future and our own. It means accepting that there might be choices to be made between (Q9) __________________ and effectiveness and bonhomie.Mature people have come to terms with the tragic need to acquire something even more important than (Q10) _______________: a character.KEYRead the passage. Then listen to the news and fill in the blanks with the information (words, phrases or sentences) you hear.It’s natural and beautiful to strive to be a nice person. In a world full of (Q1) cruelty and thoughtlessness, nice people are committed to being generous, sympathetic and gentle. They never want to cause anyone to (Q2) feel defeated or to lose sleep. They will go to great lengths to spare others tears. It sounds especially lovely.Nevertheless, it seems impossible to go through the whole of life being nothing but kind. Sooner or later, we are all called upon to take decisions that, even as they protect things we very much care about, will ruffle feathers, generate (Q3) upset and may lead us to be (at least for a time) violently hated in some quarters.We might, for example, have to tell a romantic partner that, in spite of our deep affection for them, we don’t see ourselves being together for the long term. Or we might have to tell a child that it’s now bedtime and that there can be no more stories. Or we might have to explain to a (Q4) colleague that we don’t see them fitting into a team and that they might be better off looking for opportunities elsewhere.Such situations can be (Q5) agony for committedly ‘nice’ people. There are great temptations to delay the moment of truth or avoid it altogether. The ‘nice’ still deep down hope that they might - while always smiling and agreeing - stay friends with everyone. Their distinctive sensitivity has often have been fostered by childhoods in which the consequences of being (Q6) honest and forthright were especially difficult. They might have had a parent who flew into a rage or threatened suicide whenever an (Q7) awkward idea was laid before them - perfect preparation for an adulthood in which there appears to be no option but to tell everyone what they want to hear.However, being truly nice involves something ‘nicer’ than constant agreement and emollience. It means signalling to others what one’s value system is and sticking by it, even at the occasional cost of (Q8) public opposition. It means taking on the burden of telling others where we stand and ruining their afternoon or month in order to save their long-term future and our own. It means accepting that there might be choices to be made between (Q9) loyalty and sincerity and effectiveness and bonhomie.Mature people have come to terms with the tragic need to acquire something even more important than (Q10) popularity: a character.(封面图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有）

练习 | 欧美多国通货膨胀

欧美多国通货膨胀Inflation in many western countries刘立军 供稿TRANSCRIPTThe world this week - BusinessThe yields on short-term American bonds rose significantly, an indicator that markets are expecting hefty interest-rate rises from the Federal Reserve.Pressure on bond yields was felt globally.Japan’s central bank offered to buy an unlimited amount of government bonds, an intervention designed to protect its 0.25% cap on Japan’s ten-year yield.Yields on two-year American Treasury notes briefly rose above those on the ten-year note for the first time since 2019 (government bonds with longer terms usually offer higher yields).Such an inversion of the yield curve is often taken as a sign that a recession is on the cards.Consumers in Britain borrowed an extra net ￡1.5bn (that’s $2bn) on credit cards in February, the highest monthly figure since records began in 1993.The data suggest that with inflation at a 30-year high, people are taking on more debt to maintain household spending as prices increase.Andrew Bailey, the governor of the Bank of England, warned this week that consumers face a “historic shock” to their incomes because of inflation, fuelled mostly by energy prices.Germany’s annual inflation rate is expected to come in at 7.3% for March, according to the country’s statistics office, the highest rate since German reunification in 1990.Inflation in Spain surged to 9.8%, the highest in that country for almost 40 years.HP said it would buy Poly, which makes devices for video-conference communications, in a transaction valued at $3.3bn.The computer-maker said the deal would bolster its business in hybrid working.It reckons that 75% of office workers are investing in improvements to their home office set-ups; revenue in the “office meeting room solutions” industry is expected to triple by 2024.The co-chief executive of SK Hynix, a South Korean chipmaker, said his company was interested in buying Arm through an investment consortium.Nvidia’s proposed $60bn acquisition of the British chip designer collapsed recently because of competition concerns.SK Hynix stressed that it does not yet have a specific plan to take over Arm.Tesla announced its intention to split its stock, though it didn’t say when and what the ratio would be.The electric-car maker has split its stock before, in 2020, when shareholders were given five new shares (so reduced in value by four-fifths) for every one they owned.Stock splits are intended to drum up interest from investors who might be put off by the high price of a company’s shares.Alphabet and Amazon both recently laid out plans for 20-1 stock splits.VOCABULARY1. bond n. an agreement by a government or a company to pay you interest on the money you have lent; a document containing this agreement 债券；公债2.intervention n. 干预; 调解3.inversion n. the act of changing the position or order of sth. to its opposite, or of turning sth. upside down 倒置；颠倒。例如：the inversion of normal word order 正常词序的倒装4. on the cards: (British English) (also North American English in the cards) (informal) likely to happen 可能发生的；可能的。例如：The merger has been on the cards for some time now. 合并的事情已经酝酿了一段时间。5.the Treasury （单数名词 +单数/复数动词） (in Britain, the US and some other countries) the government department that controls public money（英国、美国和其他一些国家的）财政部6.bolster v. to improve sth. or make it stronger 改善；加强7. hybrid n. something that is the product of mixing two or more different things （不同事物的）混合物，合成物QUESTIONSRead the statements. Then listen to the news and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). Then correct the false statements.1. Pressure on bond yields was felt locally.2. Japan’s central bank offered to buy a limited amount of government bonds.3. Such an inversion of the yield curve is often taken as a sign that a recession is on the cards.4. Andrew Bailey is the next governor of the Bank of England.5. Germany’s annual inflation rate is expected to come in at 7.8% for March.6. Inflation in Spain surged to 9.8%, the highest in that country for almost 40 years.7. Nvidia’s proposed $66bn acquisition of the British chip designer collapsed recently because of competition concerns.8. Tesla announced its intention to split its stock, though it didn’t say when and what the ratio would be.KEYRead the statements. Then listen to the news and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). Then correct the false statements.(F)1. Pressure on bond yields was felt locally.（正确表达）Pressure on bond yields was felt globally.(F) 2. Japan’s central bank offered to buy a limited amount of government bonds.（正确表达）Japan’s central bank offered to buy an unlimited amount of government bonds.(T) 3. Such an inversion of the yield curve is often taken as a sign that a recession is on the cards.(F)4. Andrew Bailey is the next governor of the Bank of England.（正确表达）Andrew Bailey is the governor of the Bank of England.(F) 5. Germany’s annual inflation rate is expected to come in at 7.8% for March.（正确表达）Germany’s annual inflation rate is expected to come in at 7.3% for March.(T) 6. Inflation in Spain surged to 9.8%, the highest in that country for almost 40 years.(F) 7. Nvidia’s proposed $66bn acquisition of the British chip designer collapsed recently because of competition concerns.（正确表达）Nvidia’s proposed $60bn acquisition of the British chip designer collapsed recently because of competition concerns.(T) 8. Tesla announced its intention to split its stock, though it didn’t say when and what the ratio would be.(封面图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有）

练习 | 褪黑素与睡眠

褪黑素与睡眠What Is Melatonin - and Should You Take It to Fall Asleep?刘立军 供稿TRANSCRIPTMelatonin is a hormone, often called the hormone of darkness, simply because melatonin tells your brain and your body that it’s nighttime and that it’s time to sleep. Melatonin is naturally produced by your brain, and it’s released by a very small gland deep within your brain called the pineal gland. However, you can also buy melatonin in certain countries, and some people will try to use it as a sleep aid. But melatonin isn’t quite as effective as you may think.For example, if you pull together all of the recent scientific studies on sleep and melatonin, which is a technique that we call a meta-analysis, we’ve discovered that melatonin only increases the speed with which you fall asleep by 3.9 minutes and only increases the quality of your sleep, what we call your sleep efficiency, by just 2.2 percent.And this is very understandable since the role of melatonin is primarily in regulating the timing of your sleep, rather than being involved in the generation of sleep itself. That’s down to a very different set of brain mechanisms. It’s also important to understand that melatonin is not well regulated as a supplement in several countries. As a result, the purity and the strength of melatonin that you buy is often unreliable.So if you’re looking to optimize your sleep, it’s best to focus on the basics. The things that we know make a real difference, things such as regularity, keeping your bedroom cool at night, getting darkness in the evening, and, for example, trying to dim down half of the lights in your house in the last hour before bed. And then, reverse-engineering this by getting plenty of natural daylight in the morning hours. And finally try to get some form of physical activity each day.These things are much more likely to help your sleep, rather than looking to melatonin for some kind of sleep assistance.VOCABULARY1. melatonin n. 褪黑激素2. hormone n. 激素；荷尔蒙。例如：a hormone imbalance 激素失调3. gland n. an organ in a person's or an animal's body that produces a substance for the body to use. There are many different glands in the body. 腺。例如：a snake's poison glands 蛇的毒腺4. pineal n. (anatomy 解) a small organ in the brain that releases a hormone 松果腺QUESTIONSRead the statements. Then listen to the news and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). Then correct the false statements.1. Melatonin tells your brain and your body that it’s nighttime and that it’s time to sleep.2. Melatonin is naturally produced by your brain, and it is released by a very small gland deep within your brain called the pineal gland.3. You can buy melatonin in all countries, and some people will try to use it as a sleep aid.4. Melatonin isn’t quite as effective as you may think.5. Melatonin only increases the speed of falling asleep by 2.2 minutes and only increases the quality of your sleepby just 3.9 percent.6. The role of melatonin is primarily in regulating the generation of sleep itself, rather than being involved in the timing of your sleep.7. Regularity, keeping your bedroom warm at night, getting darkness in the evening, andtrying to dim down half of the lights in your house in the last hour before bed are much more likely to help your sleep.8. Getting plenty of natural daylight in the evening hours is much more likely to help your sleep.9. Trying to get some form of physical activity each day is much more likely to help your sleep.KEYRead the statements. Then listen to the news and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). Then correct the false statements.(T) 1. Melatonin tells your brain and your body that it’s nighttime and that it’s time to sleep.(T) 2. Melatonin is naturally produced by your brain, and it is released by a very small gland deep within your brain called the pineal gland.(F) 3. You can buy melatonin in all countries, and some people will try to use it as a sleep aid. （正确表达）You can buy melatonin in certain countries, and some people will try to use it as a sleep aid.(T) 4. Melatonin isn’t quite as effective as you may think.(F) 5. Melatonin only increases the speed of falling asleep by 2.2 minutes and only increases the quality of your sleep by just 3.9 percent. （正确表达）Melatonin only increases the speed of falling asleep by 3.9 minutes and only increases the quality of your sleep by just 2.2 percent.(F) 6. The role of melatonin is primarily in regulating the generation of sleep itself, rather than being involved in the timing of your sleep.（正确表达）The role of melatonin is primarily in regulating the timing of your sleep, rather than being involved in the generation of sleep itself.(F) 7. Regularity, keeping your bedroom warm at night, getting darkness in the evening, and trying to dim down half of the lights in your house in the last hour before bed are much more likely to help your sleep.（正确表达）Regularity, keeping your bedroom cool at night, getting darkness in the evening, and trying to dim down half of the lights in your house in the last hour before bed are much more likely to help your sleep.(F) 8. Getting plenty of natural daylight in the evening hours is much more likely to help your sleep.（正确表达）Getting plenty of natural daylight in the morning hours is much more likely to help your sleep.(T) 9. Trying to get some form of physical activity each day is much more likely to help your sleep.(封面图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有）

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