全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程4

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程4的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

全新版大学英语视听说教程1

《全新版大学英语视听说教程》共四册，每册八单元，突出视听说技能、演讲技能和批判性思维能力的培养。该数字课程每单元包含Listening, Extended Listening, Speaking, TEDTalks, Presentation和Self-test六大部分。听力训练主题广泛、注重听力和记笔记技能的培养，素材包括电视或电台采访、新闻报道、专题讨论等，同时还有与单元主题相关的拓展听力兼顾学生应试需求。口语和语音训练通过人机对话、跟读评分，有效提升学生口语水平。以TED演讲为素材的视频练习，突出记笔记、作演讲能力的培养。数字课程特有的单元自测通过词汇和听力测试有效检验学生的学习效果。

全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程4

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

新闻听力 | 2025年中国最佳大学发布

2025年中国最佳大学发布2025 Best Chinese Universities Ranking Released常速 | 五级 偏难 | 242词| 1min55s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What are the top three universities in the 2025 Best Chinese Universities Ranking?A. Tsinghua University, Zhejiang University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University. B. Peking University, Zhejiang University, and Fudan University. C. Tsinghua University, Peking University, and Zhejiang University. D. Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Fudan University, and Hainan University. Q2. What categories does the 2025 Best Chinese Universities Ranking evaluate?A. Comprehensive universities, specialized universities, and private universities. B. Undergraduate programs, postgraduate programs, and research institutions. C. Public universities, private universities, and international universities. D. Traditional Chinese medicine universities, medical schools, and sports universities. Q3. Which university topped the sub-ranking for traditional Chinese medicine?A. Peking Union Medical College. B. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. C. Shanghai University of Finance and Economics. D. Minzu University of China. Q4. What can be inferred about the new metrics introduced in the ranking system?A. They primarily evaluate universities’ campus facilities and student life. B. They eliminate the evaluation of research projects and laboratories. C. They aim to measure universities’ global academic influence. D. They focus solely on universities’ historical reputation. Q5. What is the main purpose of the 2025 Best Chinese Universities Ranking?A. To promote international partnerships between universities. B. To evaluate universities based on their financial performance. C. To encourage students to study traditional Chinese medicine. D. To highlight talent cultivation and service to national needs. Part II. TRANSCRIPT2025 Best Chinese Universities Ranking Released(Q1) ShanghaiRanking unveiled the 2025 Best Chinese Universities Ranking on Tuesday, highlighting Tsinghua University, Peking University, and Zhejiang University as the top three comprehensive universities.(Q2) The annual ranking, launched in 2015, evaluates over 1,000 institutions offering undergraduate programs in China, categorized into comprehensive universities, eight types of specialized universities, and four types of private universities.This year’s comprehensive universities list features 589 institutions, with Tsinghua University, Peking University, and Zhejiang University maintaining their top spots for the 11th consecutive year. Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Fudan University tied for fifth place.top spot 榜首，最高位置consecutive adj. 连续的tie v. 打成平局Ninety-one of the top 100 universities are ‘Double First-Class’ institutions, including Hainan University, which climbed 11 spots to rank 93rd.‘Double First-Class’ institution “双一流”高校The ranking system introduced 19 new evaluation indicators since 2024, including a sub-ranking for 25 universities specializing in traditional Chinese medicine. (Q3) Beijing University of Chinese Medicine topped this sub-list, while Peking Union Medical College led the medical school rankings.Other specialized university leaders include Shanghai University of Finance and Economics (finance), Beijing Foreign Studies University (languages), China University of Political Science and Law (law and political science), Minzu University of China (ethnic studies), and Shanghai University of Sport (sports).(Q4) New metrics were added to assess international competitiveness, such as the presence of Chinese scholars as editors-in-chief at major academic journals and support for national key laboratories and research projectsmetric n. 度量标准presence n. 存在(Q5) Founder Cheng Ying emphasized the ranking’s focus on talent cultivation and universities’ capacity to serve national needs.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 细节题。题目出处为：ShanghaiRanking unveiled the 2025 Best Chinese Universities Ranking on Tuesday, highlighting Tsinghua University, Peking University, and Zhejiang University as the top three comprehensive universities. 意为：上海软科周二发布了2025年中国最佳大学排名，将清华大学、北京大学和浙江大学列为前三名的综合性大学。因此正确答案为C。Q2. A. 细节题。题目出处为：The annual ranking, launched in 2015, evaluates over 1,000 institutions offering undergraduate programs in China, categorized into comprehensive universities, eight types of specialized universities, and four types of private universities. 意为：这一年度排名于2015年启动，评估了中国提供本科课程的1000多所院校；排名涵盖了综合性大学、八类单科性大学以及四类非公办大学。因此正确答案为A。Q3. B. 细节题。题目出处为：Beijing University of Chinese Medicine topped this sub-list. 意为：北京中医药大学位居这一子榜单（中医）榜首。因此正确答案为B。Q4. C. 推理题。题目出处为：New metrics were added to assess international competitiveness, such as the presence of Chinese scholars as editors-in-chief at major academic journals and support for national key laboratories and research projects. 意为：新指标用于评估国际竞争力，例如中国学者担任主要学术期刊主编的情况，以及对国家重点实验室和研究项目的支持力度。根据该句可以推断，这些新指标旨在评估高校的国际学术竞争力，因此正确答案为C。Q5. D. 主旨题。题目出处为：Founder Cheng Ying emphasized the ranking’s focus on talent cultivation and universities’ capacity to serve national needs. 意为：该排名的重点在于评估大学的人才培养质量及其服务国家需求的能力。因此正确答案为D。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

时文选读 | AI与未来职场：哪些工作可能会被取代？

时文选读| AI与未来职场：哪些工作可能会被取代？AI and the Future of Work: What Jobs Are at Risk?七级偏易| 542词 刘立军供稿Part I. PassageThe rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has opened up a world of new possibilities, but it’s also sparking concerns about the future of their jobs. Many fear that AI could make certain roles obsolete. Recent data sheds light on which professions people are most worried about.According to a Pew Research Center survey, 73% of U.S. adults believe cashiers are likely to see job reductions due to AI within the next 20 years. Similarly, 67% think factory workers are at risk, 59% worry about journalists, and 48% express concerns for software engineers. Interestingly, while only 33% of the public sees truck drivers as vulnerable, 62% of AI experts predict job losses in this field.Molly Kinder, a fellow at the Brookings Institution, explains that much of the public’s anxiety stems from misconceptions about AI. She notes that people often conflate older forms of automation with the capabilities of generative AI. “Generative AI is not your grandparents’ automation,” Kinder said. “It’s advancing up the skill chain in ways the public may not fully grasp.”Historically, automation predominantly affected blue-collar jobs, such as those in manufacturing. However, generative AI is poised to disrupt white-collar roles by performing tasks like summarizing complex documents, analyzing large datasets, and engaging in conversational interactions. Research by Kinder and her colleagues identifies office and administrative support, legal, sales, computers and math, and business and financial sectors as the most exposed to generative AI. This includes roles like office clerks, travel agents, paralegals, computer programmers, and tax preparers.Mark Muro, another Brookings fellow and co-author of the report, highlights that exposure doesn’t necessarily mean replacement. “These white-collar, process-oriented jobs, which are a significant part of America’s middle class, need to be mindful of this,” he said. Whether AI will assist or replace workers in these roles remains uncertain.Eric So, a professor at MIT, emphasizes the transformative potential of AI. In just a few years, generative AI has evolved from simple chatbots to tools capable of creating realistic images, responding via voice, and even autonomously controlling devices. As agentic AI — systems that operate without human intervention — emerges, the societal impact could be profound. “This is truly a profound societal change,” So remarked.Despite its potential, the adoption of generative AI has been slower than anticipated. While some industries, like computer programming, are already seeing shifts, others, particularly regulated fields like medicine and law, are proceeding cautiously.Public anxiety about AI is growing. Pew surveys reveal that concern about AI usage rose from 40% in 2021-2022 to 51% today. Much of this worry revolves around job security. Colleen McClain, a senior researcher at Pew, notes that job-related fears have been a recurring theme for years.Muro acknowledges that these concerns are valid, especially as AI raises the bar for entry-level white-collar jobs and reshapes career opportunities for future generations. However, Kinder urges people not to panic. “There will always be roles for humans,” she said, even if those roles evolve in unexpected ways.Kinder also highlights the importance of direct engagement with AI technologies. “The more people actually interact with these tools, the more they can see the possibilities,” she said. While the pace of innovation is unsettling, it also presents opportunities for adaptation and growth.【Vocabulary】 1. obsolete adj. 过时的，淘汰2. Pew Research Center 皮尤研究中心，美国著名民调型智库机构3. misconception n. 错误认识，误解4. conflate v. 混淆5. paralegal n. 律师助理6. reshape v. 重塑，改造Part II. QuestionsQ1. What is one of the public misconceptions about generative AI according to Molly Kinder?A. It impacts traditional manufacturing jobs in factories. B. It is similar to outdated forms of automation technology. C. It cannot perform tasks like analyzing large datasets. D. It advances slower compared to other modern innovations. Q2. Which sectors are identified as most exposed to generative AI?A. Office work, legal, sales, and financial industries. B. Transportation, healthcare, and creative industries. C. Manufacturing, artistic, and customer service roles. D. Education, entertainment, and medical professions. Q3. What does Mark Muro suggest about generative AI’s impact on white-collar jobs?A. AI will completely replace white-collar jobs in the future. B. AI exposure does not necessarily mean job replacement. C. AI will make middle-class jobs less important to society. D. AI technologies will not affect process-oriented positions. Q4. What can be inferred about the adoption of generative AI in regulated fields?A. It progresses quickly and faces minimal resistance. B. It has already transformed industries like healthcare. C. It faces challenges due to cautious and strict regulations. D. It is unaffected by societal concerns about technology. Q5. What is the main idea of the text?A. Generative AI adoption is slower in regulated industries. B. AI’s societal impact is limited to automation technologies. C. Generative AI primarily affects blue-collar jobs in factories. D. Public anxiety about AI stems from job-related concerns. Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】B 【解析】细节题。题目出处为“She notes that people often conflate older forms of automation with the capabilities of generative AI.” 意为：“她指出，人们经常将旧式的自动化与生成式人工智能的能力混为一谈。”该句明确指出公众对生成式人工智能的误解是将其与旧式的自动化混淆，因此正确答案为B。 Q2. 【答案】A 【解析】细节题。题目出处为“Research by Kinder and her colleagues identifies office and administrative support, legal, sales, computers and math, and business and financial sectors as the most exposed to generative AI.”意为：“金德及其同事的研究指出，办公室和行政支持、法律、销售、计算机与数学、以及商业与金融领域是最容易受到生成式人工智能影响的领域。” 因此，正确答案为A。 Q3.【答案】B 【解析】细节题。题目出处为“Mark Muro ... highlights that exposure doesn’t necessarily mean replacement.” 意为：“马克·穆罗强调，受到人工智能的影响，并不一定意味着被取代。”该句清楚地指出，接触生成式人工智能并不一定意味着工作会被完全取代，因此正确答案为B。 Q4.【答案】C 【解析】推理题。题目出处为“While some industries, like computer programming, are already seeing shifts, others, particularly regulated fields like medicine and law, are proceeding cautiously.” 意为：“虽然一些行业，比如计算机编程，已经出现了变化，但其他行业，尤其是像医学和法律这样受监管的领域，正在谨慎推进。” 由此可以推断，生成式人工智能在受监管领域面临挑战，因此正确答案为C。 Q5.【答案】D 【解析】主旨题。题目出处为“Much of this worry revolves around job security.”意为：“大部分担忧都围绕着工作安全问题。”文章主要讨论了公众对生成式人工智能的误解以及与工作安全相关的担忧，因此正确答案为D。 （本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

教学素材 | 如果你不喝水，身体会发生什么？

如果你不喝水，身体会发生什么？What would happen if you didn't drink water?词汇：考研 | 句法：六级| 文本：考研刘立军供稿Water is virtually everywhere, from soil moisture and ice caps, to the cells inside our own bodies. Depending on factors like location, fat index, age, and sex, the average human is between 55-60% water. At birth, human babies are even wetter. Being 75% water, they are swimmingly similar to fish. But their water composition drops to 65% by their first birthday. So what role does water play in our bodies, and how much do we actually need to drink to stay healthy? 从湿润的土壤和冰盖，再到我们体内的细胞，水几乎无处不在。根据地点、脂肪指数、年龄和性别等因素的不同，普通人体内的水分占比在55%-60%之间。婴儿出生时含水量更高，达到75%，这使得他们与鱼类非常相似。但到了婴儿一岁生日时，这一比例会下降到65%。那么，水在我们的身体中扮演了什么角色？为了保持健康，我们实际需要的饮水量是多少呢？The H2O in our bodies works to cushion and lubricate joints, regulate temperature, and to nourish the brain and spinal cord.我们体内的水分起到缓冲及润滑关节、调节体温以及滋养大脑和脊髓的作用。Water isn’t only in our blood. An adult's brain and heart are almost three quarters water. That's roughly equivalent to the amount of moisture in a banana. Lungs are more similar to an apple at 83%. And even seemingly dry human bones are 31% water. If we are essentially made of water, and surrounded by water, why do we still need to drink so much? 水不仅仅只存在于我们的血液中。成年人大脑和心脏的四分之三几乎是水，这大约相当于一根香蕉中的含水量。肺部的含水量更接近苹果，为83%。甚至看似干燥的人体骨骼，也含有31%的水分。如果我们的身体本质上是由水构成，并且我们生活在被水包围的环境中，为什么还需要喝这么多水呢？Well, each day we lose two to three liters through our sweat, urine, and bowel movements, and even just from breathing. While these functions are essential to our survival, we need to compensate for the fluid loss. Maintaining a balanced water level is essential to avoid dehydration or over-hydration, both of which can have devastating effects on overall health.其实，我们每天通过汗液、尿液、排便，甚至仅仅是呼吸，就会失去两到三升的水分。但由于这些功能对我们的生存至关重要，我们必须补偿其中流失的水分。维持体内的水平衡对于避免脱水或过度水合至关重要，因为这两种情况都会对整体健康状况产生毁灭性的影响。At first detection of low water levels, sensory receptors in the brain’s hypothalamus signal the release of antidiuretic hormone. When it reached the kidneys, it creates aquaporins, special channels that enable blood to absorb and retain more water, leading to concentrated, dark urine. Increased dehydration can cause notable drops in energy, mood, skin moisture, and blood pressure, as well as signs of cognitive impairment. A dehydrated brain works harder to accomplish the same amount as a normal brain, and it even temporarily shrinks because of its lack of water. 当检测到体内水分水平降低时，大脑下丘脑中的感觉受体会发出信号，释放抗利尿激素。这种激素到达肾脏后，会生成特殊的通道——水孔蛋白，使血液能够吸收并保留更多水分，从而导致尿液浓缩，且颜色变深。脱水加剧会导致能量、情绪、皮肤湿度和血压显著下降，还可能出现认知功能受损的迹象。脱水的大脑为了完成与正常大脑相同的工作量，需要付出更多努力，甚至会因为缺水而暂时缩小。Over-hydration, or hyponatremia, is usually caused by overconsumption of water in a short amount of time. Athletes are often the victims of over-hydration because of complications in regulating water levels in extreme physical conditions. Whereas the dehydrated brain amps up the production of antidiuretic hormone, the over-hydrated brain slows, or even stops, releasing it into the blood. Sodium electrolytes in the body become diluted, causing cells to swell. In severe cases, the kidneys can't keep up with the resulting volumes of dilute urine. Water intoxication then occurs, possibly causing headache, vomiting, and, in rare instances, seizures or death. But that's a pretty extreme situation.过度水合（或低钠血症）通常是短时间内过量饮水造成的。运动员由于极端体能条件下难以调节水分平衡，常常成为过度水合的受害者。脱水的大脑会加速抗利尿激素的生产，而过度水合的大脑则会减缓甚至停止将其释放到血液中。体内的钠电解质被稀释，导致细胞肿胀。在严重情况下，肾脏无法处理大量稀释的尿液，从而引发水中毒，可能导致头痛、呕吐等现象，在极少数情况下，甚至引发癫痫发作或死亡。但这是相当极端的情况。On a normal, day-to-day basis, maintaining a well-hydrated system is easy to manage for those of us fortunate enough to have access to clean drinking water. For a long time, conventional wisdom said that we should drink eight glasses a day. That estimate has since been fine-tuned. Now, the consensus is that the amount of water we need to imbibe depends largely on our weight and environment. The recommended daily intake varies from between 2.5-3.7 liters of water for men, and about 2-2.7 liters for women, a range that is pushed up or down if we are healthy, active, old, or overheating.在日常生活中，对于我们这些有幸可以喝到干净饮用水的人来说，保持身体水分充足并不难。长期以来，传统观念认为我们应该每天喝八杯水。这个估算后来得到了进一步细化。现在普遍认为，我们需要摄入的水量主要取决于体重和环境。男性建议每日摄入量为2.5至3.7升，女性约为2至2.7升，具体范围会因健康状况、是否活跃、年龄大小或是否处于高温环境而有所调整。While water is the healthiest hydrator, other beverages, even those with caffeine like coffee or tea, replenish fluids as well. And water within food makes up about a fifth of our daily H2O intake. Fruits and vegetables like strawberries, cucumbers, and even broccoli are over 90% water, and can supplement liquid intake while providing valuable nutrients and fiber. 虽然水是最健康的补水来源，但含咖啡因的咖啡或茶等饮品，也能补充水分。食物中的水分约占我们每日水分摄入量的五分之一。像草莓、黄瓜甚至西兰花这样的水果和蔬菜含水量超过90%，可以在补充液体的同时，提供宝贵的营养素和膳食纤维。Drinking well might also have various long-term benefits. Studies have shown that optimal hydration can lower the chance of stroke, help manage diabetes, and potentially reduce the risk of certain types of cancer. No matter what, getting the right amount of liquid makes a world of difference in how you'll feel, think, and function day to day.充分饮水还可能带来多种长期益处。研究表明，保持最佳水分摄入可以降低中风的风险，帮助控制糖尿病，并可能减少某些类型癌症的风险。无论如何，摄入适量的水分对你日常的感官、思维和身体机能都会产生巨大的影响。【词汇】1. swimmingly adv. 顺顺当当地2. cushion v. 缓冲，减轻冲击3. lubricate v. 润滑4. spinal cord n. 脊髓5. dehydration n. 脱水6. over-hydration n. 过度补水，水中毒7. hypothalamus n. 下丘脑8. antidiuretic hormone (ADH) n. 抗利尿激素9. aquaporin n. 水通道蛋白，水孔蛋白10. dehydrated adj. 脱水的11. hyponatremia n. 低钠血症12. amp up v. 增强，提高13. sodium electrolyte n. 钠电解质14. imbibe v. 饮，喝；吸收（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 世卫组织宣布猴痘为“健康紧急状态”后呼吁捐款

世卫组织宣布猴痘为“健康紧急状态”后呼吁捐款WHO Calls for Donations after Declaring Mpox a ‘Health Emergency’慢速| 六级 偏易 | 839词 | 9min6s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What motivated the WHO to declare mpox in Africa a public health emergency of international concern?A. Increased cases and deaths reported in Europe.B. Recommendations from the Africa CDC.C. A significant spike in cases from different African countries.D. Pressure from the United Nations.Q2. How many countries in Africa have identified cases of mpox in recent weeks?A. 13.B. 10.C. 15.D. 18.Q3. In what way has the new form of mpox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo made recognition of the disease more challenging?A. By causing more severe damage to internal organs.B. By producing fewer observable symptoms such as lesions.C. By having a longer incubation period.D. By mimicking the symptoms of other common diseases.Q4. What action did the WHO and Africa CDC call for in response to the mpox outbreak?A. Enhanced international travel restrictions.B. Development of new mpox-specific antiviral drugs.C. Immediate vaccination of all African citizens.D. Increased funding and resource mobilization.Q5. What percentage of mpox-related deaths in the Democratic Republic of the Congo involve children under the age of 15?A. 70 percent.B. 85 percent.C. 60 percent.D. 95 percent.Q6. What concern does Greg Ramm of Save the Children have regarding mpox?A. The disease could affect water supplies.B. The virus might mutate into a more dangerous form.C. Mpox could spread rapidly in crowded refugee camps.D. Vaccine distribution is being mismanaged.Q7. What is a potential reason given by Dr. Boghuma Titanji for the higher mpox infection rate among children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo?A. Social conditions like overcrowding and infected parents.B. Increased mobility of children.C. Genetic factors.D. Poor dietary habits.Q8. How did developed countries manage to stop the mpox outbreak in 2022?A. By enforcing strict quarantine measures.B. By administering treatments and vaccines.C. By implementing widespread genetic testing.D. By limiting international travel.Q9. According to Michael Marks, what is necessary to better control the spread of mpox in Africa?A. Developing new antiviral medications.B. Isolating affected individuals.C. A large supply of vaccines.D. Conducting more research studies.Q10. What did the WHO express concerning the funding needed to combat mpox?A. They have sufficient funds for the next year.B. They have already exceeded their funding goals for the year.C. They are not seeking any additional funding currently.D. They require an additional $15 million to start efforts.Part II. TRANSCRIPTWHO Calls for Donations after Declaring Mpox a ‘Health Emergency’The World Health Organization is calling for donations to fight the latest outbreak of the viral disease mpox in Africa.viral adj. 病毒的；由病毒引起的The U.N. health agency declared mpox in Africa a “public health emergency of international concern” last week.The director-general of the WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, made the announcement after a meeting of the WHO’s emergency committee. (Q1) The move follows a declaration by the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). That organization declared mpox a public health emergency in Africa one day earlier.The WHO said there have been more than 14,000 cases and more than 524 deaths in Africa this year. So far, about 96 percent of all cases and deaths have taken place in one country: the Democratic Republic of the Congo. But the WHO and others are concerned that a new version of the viral disease could spread more easily among people.The Associated Press recently reported some of the information known about the current mpox outbreak.What is mpox?Mpox is also known as monkeypox. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says the viral disease was first identified by scientists in 1958 when outbreaks of a “pox-like” disease appeared in monkeys. Until recently, most human cases involved people in central and West Africa who had contact with infected animals.In 2022, experts confirmed that the virus could be spread through sex. Outbreaks were reported in more than 70 countries that had not reported the disease before.Mpox belongs to the same virus family as smallpox. It causes symptoms like high body temperature, chills and body pain. People with serious cases can develop lesions on the face, hands, chest and sex organs.lesion n. 损伤；损害What is happening in Africa?The number of cases has increased sharply in the last few weeks. (Q2) The Africa CDC said the disease has been identified in at least 13 African countries. Compared to the same period last year, the agency said cases have increased by 160 percent and deaths by 19 percent.The version of mpox seen in the Democratic Republic of the Congo could kill up to 10 percent of people infected. (Q3) Unlike earlier mpox outbreaks, where lesions were mostly seen on the chest, hands and feet, the new form of mpox causes less severe symptoms. This could make the disease harder to identify.The WHO said mpox was recently reported for the first time in four East African countries: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda. All of those cases were linked to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In the Ivory Coast and South Africa, health officials have reported a less dangerous version of mpox than the one that spread in 2022.The WHO’s declaration(Q4) The WHO’s emergency declaration is meant to get donors to provide money for a campaign against the disease.African CDC Director General Dr. Jean Kaseya said the agency’s declaration of a public emergency was meant “to mobilize our institutions, our collective will and our resources.”Michael Marks teaches medicine at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. He said, “It is clear that current control strategies aren’t working and there is a clear need for more resources.”What is different from 2022?Most of the cases during the 2022 outbreak of the viral disease were gay and bisexual men. The virus was spread through close contact and sex.Although similar things are happening in Africa, (Q5) children under the age of 15 now make up more than 70 percent of mpox cases and 85 percent of deaths in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.WHO chief Tedros said officials are dealing with several outbreaks and, what he called, “different modes of transmission and different levels of risk.”Greg Ramm is with the aid group Save the Children. (Q6) He said his organization is worried about mpox spreading in crowded refugee camps. He said there were 345,000 children living in unhealthy conditions in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Ramm added that the country’s health system is already “collapsing” because of malnutrition, measles and cholera.refugee n. 难民；避难者malnutrition n. 营养不良measles n. 麻疹Dr. Boghuma Titanji is an infectious disease expert at Emory University in the American state of Georgia. She said it is unclear why the disease is mostly affecting children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. (Q7) She said children might become infected more easily or social conditions like overcrowding or infected parents might explain the problem.How might mpox be stopped(Q8) The AP says in 2022, developed countries stopped the outbreak of mpox with treatments and vaccines. But few vaccines are available in Africa.Marks said the immunization would likely help — including vaccination against the similar smallpox virus. (Q9) He said, “We need a large supply of vaccine so that we can vaccinate populations most at risk.” He said that would mean vaccinating children, sex workers and adults in affected areas.smallpox n. 天花The WHO has already released $1.45 million of emergency money for mpox. (Q10) But the U.N. agency says $15 million is needed to start efforts to combat the disease.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 推理题。根据“The WHO said there have been more than 14,000 cases and more than 524 deaths in Africa this year.” 可知今年非洲已报告超过14,000例病例和超过524例死亡，由此可以推断，宣布这一紧急情况是由于非洲不同国家病例显著增加。因此答案为C。Q2. A. 细节题。根据“The Africa CDC said the disease has been identified in at least 13 African countries.”可知已经至少13个非洲国家出现了疫情。因此答案为A。Q3.B. 推理题。根据“Unlike earlier mpox outbreaks, where lesions were mostly seen on the chest, hands and feet, the new form of mpox causes less severe symptoms. This could make the disease harder to identify.”可知早期猴痘病变主要出现在胸部、手和脚上，但新型猴痘种类的症状较轻，使其更难以识别。因此答案为B。Q4.D. 细节题。根据“The WHO’s emergency declaration is meant to get donors to provide money for a campaign against the disease...The Africa CDC said ... was meant ‘to mobilize our institutions, our collective will and our resources.’” 可知世卫组织的紧急声明和非洲疾控中心宣布公共紧急状况都是为了争取防疫资金和资源。因此答案为D。Q5.B. 细节题。根据“children under the age of 15 now make up ... 85 percent of deaths in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.”可知在刚果，15岁以下儿童目前占死亡病例的85%。因此答案为B。Q6.C .细节题。根据“He said his organization is worried about mpox spreading in crowded refugee camps.” 可知他担心猴痘在拥挤的难民营中传播。因此答案为C。Q7. A. 细节题。根据“She said children might become infected more easily or social conditions like overcrowding or infected parents might explain the problem.” 可知Dr. Boghuma Titanji认为，儿童更容易感染，可能是因为过度拥挤等社会条件或父母感染造成的。因此答案为A。Q8. B. 细节题。根据“The AP says in 2022, developed countries stopped the outbreak of mpox with treatments and vaccines.” 可知2022年发达国家通过治疗和疫苗阻止了猴痘的爆发。因此答案为B。Q9. C. 细节题。根据“We need a large supply of vaccine so that we can vaccinate populations most at risk.” 可知Michael Marks提到他们需要大量的疫苗供应，以便为高危人群接种。因此答案为C。Q10. D. 细节题。根据“But the U.N. agency says $15 million is needed to start efforts to combat the disease.” 可知他们表示需要1500万美元来启动抗击这种疾病的工作。因此答案为D。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 木星的95颗卫星及其生命潜力

CNN新闻：木星的95颗卫星及其生命潜力Jupiter’s 95 Moons and Potential for Life常速| 六级 中等 | 355词 | 2分28秒刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. Based on the text, what is unique about Ganymede, one of Jupiter’s moons?A. It is the hottest moon in the solar system.B. It is larger than the planet Mercury.C. It has volcanoes similar to Earth’s.D. It is the only moon without water.Q2. What maneuver will the Juice mission use to reach Jupiter?A. A direct flight path from Earth to Jupiter.B. A double gravity assist maneuver involving Earth and Venus.C. A series of small propulsion adjustments.D. A free-fall trajectory through the asteroid belt.Q3. How is Jupiter different from the sun, despite being similar in certain ways?A. Jupiter does not have a magnetic field whereas the sun does.B. Jupiter fuses hydrogen into helium to create energy.C. Jupiter is a gas giant but doesn't fuse hydrogen atoms into helium.D. Jupiter is hotter than the sun due to its core composition.Q4. What was revealed by the 1996 Galileo spacecraft mission regarding Europa’s surface?A. It contains active volcanic regions.B. It is completely dry and barren.C. It is composed mainly of rocky terrain.D. It has an ocean beneath its icy exterior.Q5. Why do plumes of water on Europa suggest the potential for life?A. They provide evidence of possible microbial life due to the presence of water, carbon, and hydrogen.B. They show that Europa’s surface is hospitable for human life.C. They indicate volcanic activity that can support life.D. They reveal an advanced ecosystem similar to Earth’s marine environments.Part II. TRANSCRIPTJupiter’s 95 Moons and Potential for LifeAccording to astronomers, how many moons does Jupiter have?One, two, three, or 95?The current count is 95 confirmed moons for Jupiter, (Q1) including the largest moon in our solar system, Ganymede, which is larger than the planet Mercury.Scientists have been studying Jupiter’s moons for decades, sending probes to peruse them since the 1970s. After discovering some of these moons have actual oceans under their icy surfaces, the European Space Agency and NASA want to know, can these celestial bodies support life?celestial adj. 天体的，天空的 Well, the Juice mission, named after the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer spacecraft, is going to use some pretty cool physics (Q2) to perform the first double gravity assist maneuver.(Q2) This week, the spacecraft will use Earth’s gravity to slingshot towards a Venus flyby in 2025, and putting it on track to scope out Jupiter and its moons by July of 2031.UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Jupiter has three moons with oceans underneath their icy shells. They’re called Ganymede, Callisto, and Europa. Earthlings have been curious about these moons and their potential to house life for a long time.earthling n. 地球人（科幻小说中外星人用语）NASA first sent probes in part to get a closer look in 1977. Jupiter is a gas giant. That means it doesn’t have a surface. It’s a swirl of gases that can dense into a smoldering ocean of hydrogen at its core. It’s very similar to our sun in this way. (Q3) But unlike the sun, it doesn’t fuse hydrogen atoms into helium to create energy and heat.helium n. 氦（化学元素）Now back to those first NASA probes, they observed long lines and dark spots on the moon Europa. Typically, moons have cratered surfaces. But these images tipped scientists off that there might be an ocean beneath Europa’s icy exterior.(Q4) In 1996, that theory was confirmed when the Galileo spacecraft reached Europa. It was the first ocean discovered on another planet. Then, in 2012 and 2016, the Hubble Space Telescope showed water plumes erupting from the warmest parts of Europa.(Q5) Scientists don’t know much about the plumes. But if Europa has water and elements like carbon and hydrogen, it could mean that microbial life once formed there or even still exists.microbial adj. 微生物的Part III. KEYQ1. B. 细节题。根据“including the largest moon in our solar system, Ganymede, which is larger than the planet Mercury.”可知Ganymede太阳系中最大的卫星，它比水星还大。因此答案为B。Q2. B. 细节题。根据“...to perform the first double gravity assist maneuver ... the spacecraft will use Earth’s gravity to slingshot towards a Venus flyby in 2025, and putting it on track to scope out Jupiter and its moons by July of 2031.”可知该航天器将使用双重重力助推机动，先利用地球的引力在2025年进行一次金星飞越，并在2031年7月之前瞄准木星及其卫星。因此答案为B。Q3. C. 细节题。根据“But unlike the sun, it doesn’t fuse hydrogen atoms into helium to create energy and heat.”可知两者的不同的在于，木星不像太阳那样通过氢原子聚变成氦来产生能量和热量。因此答案为C。Q4. D. 细节题。根据“In 1996, that theory was confirmed when the Galileo spacecraft reached Europa. It was the first ocean discovered on another planet.”可知1996年，当伽利略号航天器到达木卫二欧罗巴时，该理论得到证实。这是在另一颗行星上首次发现的海洋。因此答案为D。Q5. A. 推理题。根据“Scientists don’t know much about the plumes. But if Europa has water and elements like carbon and hydrogen, it could mean that microbial life once formed there or even still exists.”可知科学家对这些羽状物知之甚少。但是如果Europa确实水和碳氢等元素，这可能意味着微生物生命曾经形成过，甚至仍然存在。这表明他们可能支持微生物生命的存在。因此答案为A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 锻炼拉伸指南

锻炼拉伸指南For Exercising, When and How Should You Stretch?慢速| 四级 偏难 | 高考 | 635词 | 6min21s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is the primary focus of Behm’s advice regarding stretching?A. To achieve maximum muscle growth.B. To enhance athletic performance significantly.C. To increase flexibility and prevent injuries.D. To eliminate the need for warm-ups.Q2. According to David Behm, what type of stretching should be done after warming up?A. Dynamic stretching only.B. Static stretching followed by dynamic stretching.C. Resistance training.D. No stretching is needed.Q3. What precaution does Behm recommend when using foam rollers after exercise?A. Avoiding them if they cause pain.B. Using them before starting any exercise.C. Combining them with heavy weightlifting.D. Only using them for professional athletes.Q4. What does Behm suggest to prevent muscle injury when returning to a sport after a long break?A. Avoiding static stretching.B. Focusing on resistance training.C. Stretching both sides of the body equally.D. Increasing exercise intensity rapidly.Q5. How does Behm explain the differing advice on stretching over the years?A. By indicating the role of new stretching techniques.B. By blaming inconsistent training regimens.C. By showing the influence of evolving sports science.D. By highlighting studies focused on high-performance athletes.Part II. TRANSCRIPTFor Exercising, When and How Should You Stretch?Years ago, the traditional advice was to do some stretching before exercising. Over the years, that advice changed to stretching after exercising. It turns out that both advice can be true. And that can lead to some confusion.(Q1-1) Stretching can help make you more flexible. The more you stretch, the more you improve the range of motion in your joints. This not only feels good, but it also can prevent injury and lead to better physical results.David Behm researches human body movements at Memorial University of Newfoundland in St. John’s, Canada. Speaking with the Associated Press, he offers advice on when to stretch and how to do it safely.Warm up firstIt is almost always good to stretch. However, Behm says it is better if you warm up first. He suggests light aerobic activity such as jogging, walking or cycling for 5-10 minutes.aerobic adj. 有氧的(Q2) He suggests to follow that warm-up movement with static stretching. This traditional way of stretching involves reaching your body into different positions and holding them for about one minute each.static adj. 静态的，不动的Then you can do dynamic stretching related to specific exercises or activities. This is where you warm up the muscles with repeated movements like leg lifts.Expand your definition of ‘stretching’Should you always stretch before exercising? If it is traditional static stretching, not necessarily, Behm says.The better questions, he says, are, “Should people increase their range of motion? Should people have better flexibility? And that is yes, (Q1-2) because it helps prevent injuries. It helps with health. But you don’t have to stretch to achieve that.”Resistance training, for example, can be an effective form of stretching. Doing a chest press increases range of motion in your arm and chest muscles. Whether you use barbells, dumbbells or machines, there is no need to stretch beforehand. However, Behm warns to start with a small amount of weight to warm up and then add more to train.effective adj. 有效的barbell n. 杠铃dumbbell n. 哑铃He adds that you do not need to stretch first if you are going for a short run. Simply start with a slow jog to warm up and then increase the speed.Don’t do it if it hurts(Q3) After exercise, light stretching is fine, as long as you do not feel pain, Behm says. Because your muscles will be warm by that point, overdoing it makes you more likely to injure yourself. Foam rollers can help with muscle recovery and have been shown to increase range of motion as well as stretching.overdo v. 做得过度，超过foam roller 泡沫轴Do some static stretching before sportsIf you’re playing a sport, Behm says, static stretching beforehand helps reduce muscle and tendon injury.tendon n. 腱Sports like gymnastics, ice skating, and golf require a great range of motion. For these activities, he suggests extra stretching specific to those sports.“If you’re going to do an explosive movement, change of direction, agility, sprint, any of these explosive activities that involve your muscles and tendons,” he said, “you’re going to be stronger if you do static stretching.”agility n. 敏捷，灵活sprint n. 短跑，全速奔跑People can especially get in trouble when they go back to a sport they used to play. Stretching can prepare muscles that may be out of shape. (Q4) Also, he says to stretch both sides of your body equally. Lacking flexibility on one side also can lead to injury.Sounds simple. Why all the confusion?(Q5) Different studies over the years have led to different advice about stretching before exercise. Behm says that is partly because some studies did not consider real-life conditions. Also, some researchers designed studies with high-performance athletes in mind and not regular people.“If you’re Usain Bolt, it makes a difference,” he said. For the rest of us not so much.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 主旨题。根据整体文章内容，特别是各部分的总结，如“Stretching can help make you more flexible... It helps prevent injuries. It helps with health.” 均表明 Behm 的建议主要集中在增加灵活性和预防伤害。因此答案为C。Q2. B. 细节题。根据“He suggests to follow that warm-up movement with static stretching... Then you can do dynamic stretching related to specific exercises or activities.” 可知Behm建议在热身运动后进行静态拉伸，然后在进行与特定运动或活动相关的动态拉伸。因此答案为B。Q3. A.细节题。根据“After exercise, light stretching is fine, as long as you do not feel pain... Foam rollers can help with muscle recovery and have been shown to increase range of motion as well as stretching.” 可知Behm建议运动后可以进行轻微拉伸，但若产生疼痛应立即停止……泡沫滚轴可以帮助肌肉恢复，跟拉伸有一样的效果，也就是说使用泡沫轴时如果感到疼痛也应该避免。因此答案为A。Q4. C.. 细节题。根据“Also, he says to stretch both sides of your body equally. Lacking flexibility on one side also can lead to injury.” 可知当长时间休息后重新开始一项运动时，要均衡地伸展身体的两侧，以防止受伤。因此答案为C。Q5. D. 推理题。根据“Different studies over the years have led to different advice about stretching before exercise. Behm says that is partly because some studies did not consider real-life conditions. Also, some researchers designed studies with high-performance athletes in mind and not regular people.” 可知Behm认为关于拉伸的建议之所以不同，部分是因为一些研究没有考虑现实生活条件，此外，一些研是针对高水平运动员，而不是普通人设计的。因此答案为D。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然授课

授课点评：胡笑然老师以充分的课前准备、认真的育人态度、专业的学科素养、科学的教学方法，在限定的20分钟时间内出色地完成了所指定的授课任务，为全国高校英语专业师生呈现了一堂值得学习和反思的短课。在整个授课过程中，胡老师精神饱满，着装端庄，形象甜美，教态自然，认真专注，热情友好，充满活力，展现了良好的个人魅力，体现了青年教师的时代风貌。胡老师具有扎实的英语基本功、娴熟的课堂掌控能力和应变能力、流畅的语言表达能力；综述简洁明了，呈现单元设计、教学目标、相关活动和拟用时间；授课有明确的目标，以学生为中心，围绕单元主题和语篇意义，突出重点，聚焦难点，讲解和引导规范适切。胡老师有自己的教学理念，能运用一定的教学理论，遵循“题材—功能—活动”的教学原则，重视语言感知和信息获取，围绕单元主题展开教学，各教学步骤衔接自然。能注重培养学生的观察力、想象力和分析能力，积极帮助学生通过语篇学习，了解重要概念以及语篇作者的观念和意图，努力激发学生对语篇主题的学习兴趣，师生之间有积极的互动和良好的交流。能充分利用和发挥电子课件的辅助教学功能， PPT和嵌入视频有良好的功能性和实用性，形式与内容相吻合，体现了课件形式与课文内容、教学手段与教学目的有机关联和主从关系，发挥了现代化教学资源及手段的教学辅助作用，增强了学生对单元主题和语言表述的理解。从整体上看，胡老师的授课比较成功。授课目的明确，授课重点突出，内容讲解清晰，活动安排合理，起承转合自然，师生互动自然，课件使用得当，教学效果较好。当然，她所展示的这堂英语短课仍存在以下待改进之处：授课停留在主题词语的概念解读层面，对主题意义的挖掘不够深入；教师个人主导成分太强，讲解和提问过多，学生活动不足，活动形式比较单一；时间把握不够合理，没有时间结尾，匆忙收课，无法安排课后作业和课外活动；授课时间用于教学，缺乏对教学成效的必要评价活动，难以确定单元教学目标的达成。建议胡老师在今后的教学研究和实践中，更加重视单元设计的完整性和课堂教学的有效性，关注输入与输出、课内与课外、语篇意义与语言形式的协调，注重教学手段、过程、效果的统一，促进学生在语言知识、语用技能、心智、情感、态度等方面的综合发展和提高。点评专家：梅德明

第12届教学大赛英语专业组二等奖赵雪宇授课

授课点评：赵雪宇老师展示了“3A设计”，整合了准备、习得与应用这三个不同的教学阶段。对教学阶段和教学过程的表述比较清晰，教学过程在“3A设计”的基础上展开，强调学生参与的多元形式，例如学生提问、学生评价、学生总结等。设计框架层次清晰。教学展示与教学设计紧密地融合在了一起。展示伊始，教师提醒学生回忆“3A设计”，并且多次使用“I want you to be/do…”的句式，运用丰富的肢体语言、重读、停顿等方式明确提出了自己的期待，帮助学生更加直观地获得课堂学习的方向感。此外，教师对学生的分享做出了真诚的回应，而不只是用简短的评价话语敷衍了事，这对学习共同体的建构大有助益。这同时体现出教师对英语有着较好的掌握程度，能够从容、准确地重述学生观点，帮助学生修正语言表述上的错误，并提供更加规范、高效的表达方式。整体而言，赵老师在教学展示过程中教态得体，状态自然、松弛，说课清晰，且能够脱离讲稿等材料的辅助完成授课。课堂教学紧密围绕教学目标，环环相扣，逐步深入。她有效运用了多媒体课件，运用多样的视图突出核心教学内容，起到了辅助作用。可以看出赵老师的整体状态（尤其体现为笑容、身势，对重读、停顿的运用，以及真诚的回应）有效吸引了学生的注意力，激发了学生的学习兴趣，为学生创设了安全的发言空间，让学生有分享欲，愿意主动参与课堂互动。最后，建议赵老师未来可以在分析课文内容的同时，进一步在词汇层面对近义词加以辨析。点评专家：杨延宁

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