全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程1（思政智慧版）

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程2（思政智慧版）

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程3

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程3的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

教学素材 | 锻炼的最佳时间真的存在吗？

锻炼的最佳时间真的存在吗？Is there a best time to exercise?词汇：四级 | 句法：四级 | 文本：四级刘立军供稿With our already busy lives, finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our ‘to do’ list. So maybe it would help if there was ‘a best time’ to exercise? Could exercising at certain times help maximize our fitness goals? The answer is ‘yes’, but it’s easier than you think — no matter who you are, or when you like to work out.在我们已经忙碌不堪的生活中，抽时间锻炼可能感觉像是又给我们的“待办清单”新增了一项任务。那么，是否存在一个“最佳锻炼时间”呢？在特定时间锻炼，是否能帮助我们最大化达成健身目标呢？答案是肯定的，而且比你想象的要简单——无论你是谁，或者你喜欢什么时候锻炼，都可以找到适合自己的方式。There are clear benefits to exercising in the morning. Many of us have more free time compared to later in the day, and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine. 晨练有着明显的好处。与一天中的其他时段相比，许多人早晨的时间更充裕，因此更容易坚持晨练的习惯。A study published in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise found that participants who exercised in the morning increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could also burn more fat and increase metabolism, which means you’ll continue to burn calories throughout the day. 发表在《运动医学与科学》上的一项研究发现，参与早晨锻炼的人在一整天中身体活动量增加，受到食物的干扰减少，并且睡眠质量更好。空腹晨练还能燃烧更多脂肪并提高新陈代谢，这意味着在一整天里都能持续消耗热量。So, good news for early birds, but what if you’re not a morning person?所以，早起确实有早起的好处，但如果你不是喜欢早起的人呢？Working out in the afternoon or evening also has benefits, just different ones. For example, your body’s ability to perform peaks in the afternoon, according to a 2010 study by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 下午或晚上锻炼也有好处，只是优势有所不同。例如，根据《斯堪的纳维亚运动医学与科学杂志》2010年的一项研究，人体在下午时段的运动表现达到最佳状态。Also, in the afternoon and evening, your reaction time is quickest, and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest, which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance.此外，在下午和晚上，你的反应速度最快，心率和血压最低，这不仅降低了受伤风险，还能提升运动表现。But does any of this change depending on whether you’re a man or a woman? Our bodies are different, after all, so the best time to exercise may be different too. A 2022 study from Skidmore College, New York, looked at exactly this question and the results showed that there are some differences.但这些结论是否会因性别不同而有所变化呢？毕竟，男性和女性的身体存在差异，因此锻炼的最佳时间也可能不同。纽约斯基德莫尔学院2022年的一项研究正好探讨了这个问题，结果显示确实存在一些差异。Want to reduce your blood pressure and you’re a woman? Exercise in the morning. Want to improve your heart health and you’re a man? Evening is better for you. But, ultimately, the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day.例如，如果你想降低血压，对于女性来说，早晨锻炼效果更佳；而如果你是男性，想改善心脏健康，晚上锻炼对你更有益。但最终，该研究发现，无论男女，在一天中的这两个时段锻炼都有明确的益处。So what time is best? It seems the answer is: whatever time is best for you!那么，什么时间锻炼最好呢？看来答案是：最适合你的时间，就是最佳时间！【词汇】1. maximize v. 最大化，使达到最大值2. workout n. 锻炼，健身活动3. metabolism n. 新陈代谢4. peak v. 达到高峰，达到最佳状态5. ultimately adv. 最终，从根本上来说 （本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

教学素材 | 通晓多门语言的人是如何学习语言的？

通晓多门语言的人是如何学习语言的？How do polyglots learn languages?词汇：考研 | 句法：高考 | 文本：考研刘立军供稿How many languages do you speak? For most people, it can be hard learning just one foreign language. Lydia Machova, a Slovakian polyglot and language mentor, is currently fluent in seven foreign languages and says she likes to learn a new language every two years! So how do polyglots like Lydia learn multiple languages successfully, and what can we learn from their methods? 你会说几种语言？对大多数人来说，掌握一门外语已经很不容易了。斯洛伐克一位通晓多门语言者兼语言导师莉迪亚·马霍娃目前已能流利使用七门外语，还表示自己喜欢每两年就学一门新语言！那么，像莉迪亚这样的多语言者是如何成功掌握多种语言的？我们又能从他们的方法中学到什么？Lydia wanted to find out the different techniques polyglots use, and she found a wide variety of methods. Some use language exchange apps to find native speakers so that they can start speaking from day one. Others watch series they love with subtitles, and some use techniques like ‘shadowing’ – listening to and repeating target language to master pronunciation. 莉迪亚想了解多语言者所使用的不同方法，结果发现，大家的方法五花八门。有人通过语言交际app找到母语者，第一天就能开口练习；有人看自己感兴趣的带字幕的连续剧；还有人采用“影子跟读法”——通过听和模仿目标语言来掌握发音。Kato Lomb was described by the linguist Krashen as “possibly the most accomplished polyglot in the world”. She was a Hungarian who spoke 16 languages! Her approach to learning focused on extensive reading and self-study. So, while there are lots of different approaches, in her 2019 TED Talk, Lydia concluded that the one thing polyglots all have in common is an interest and motivation to learn. 语言学家克拉申曾如此形容卡托·伦布（Kato Lomb）：“她可能是世界上最杰出的语言天才”，因为这位匈牙利女性掌握了16种语言！她的学习方式以广泛阅读和自学为主。尽管语言的学习方法多种多样，在2019年的TED演讲中，莉迪亚总结道：所有掌握多门语言的人有一个共同点，那就是对学习语言充满兴趣，动力十足。However, some linguists argue that viral videos showing polyglots switching between languages often rely on memorised phrases rather than proving genuine conversational ability. Benny Lewis, author and creator of the website Fluent in 3 Months, thinks it’s important to be open and honest about your competency in a language. He discusses having varying levels of proficiency in the languages he speaks, from basic conversation to near-native fluency. 然而，一些语言学家指出，网上流行的那些展示多语言者在不同语言间自由切换的视频，往往依赖于事先背诵好的短语，而非真正具备流畅的对话能力。“三个月流利说外语”网站的作者兼创始人本尼·刘易斯认为，对自己掌握一门语言的程度保持开放和诚实非常重要。他提到，自己对所掌握的语言的水平各有不同，从基础对话到接近母语流利程度不等。So, the professionals say enjoy yourself when learning. We recommend you try some of these suggestions, find the right method for you and stick to it! 因此，专业人士建议，在学习语言的过程中要享受乐趣。我们推荐你尝试以上这些方法，找到最适合自己的方法，并坚持下去！【词汇】1. polyglot n. 通晓多种语言的人 2. mentor n. 导师，指导者 3. subtitle n. 字幕 4. linguist n. 语言学家 5. extensive adj. 广泛的，全面的 6. viral adj. 迅速流行的 7. competency n. 能力（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

时文选读 | 数字游民：自由与挑战并存的漂泊人生

时文选读| 数字游民：自由与挑战并存的漂泊人生Life as a digital nomad六级 偏易| 337词 刘立军供稿Part I. PassageIf you could work from any location in the world, where would you go? Picture filling in a spreadsheet on a sandy Caribbean island, or maybe a little rooftop cafe in Rome where you can sip an espresso while editing a social media video. More and more countries are offering digital nomad visas and therefore the chance to work remotely, from wherever you’d like to.This way of working is on the rise. A 2023 report found that 11% of US workers now consider themselves a digital nomad, and this type of worker is expected to increase in number by more than 20 million in the next five years. Traditionally, digital nomads have worked freelance. They might be social media managers, software developers or copywriters, but now even traditional professions like accountants and lawyers are taking the leap. But what is the life of a digital nomad really like?Rowena Hennigan, who writes for Harvard Business Review, is a digital nomad along with her family. They have a ‘home base’ in Spain but frequently go away for workcations that can last from weeks to months. She says that compared to a ‘traditional’ model of raising children, “remote working has allowed my family to move away from that kind of intensity, and this way, we all get to move at a more sustainable and healthy pace.” Plus, her family are regularly exposed to new cultures, languages and natural beauty.Though it doesn’t work for everyone. Francesca Specter, a writer for The Guardian, decided to country-hop where her ‘office’ included beaches, cafes and coworking spaces. But along with struggling to find reliable wi-fi and fighting bouts of loneliness, she wrote that she felt envious as she cooled her overheating laptop in the shade while holidaymakers relaxed by the pool. She said, “I was chronically firefighting unglamorous concerns such as missing luggage or sleep deprivation after an overnight flight delay.”So, it’s not for everyone, but if you ever feel like escaping the rat-race, why not give it a go?【Vocabulary】1. spreadsheet n. 电子表格2. espresso n. 浓缩咖啡3. nomad n. 游牧者，流浪者4. freelance adv. 自由职业地5. copywriter n. 文案撰稿人6. accountant n. 会计师7. workcation n. 边工作边度假8. country-hop v. 边工作边穿梭于不同国家旅行9. bout n.一阵（情绪）10. rat-race n. 激烈竞争的生活方式Part II. QuestionsQ1. According to the text, what is one reason digital nomad visas are becoming popular?A. They allow people to work without restrictions.B. They offer opportunities to work from any location.C. They guarantee reliable wi-fi and coworking spaces.D. They encourage traditional professions to go freelance.Q2. What does Rowena Hennigan say about remote working compared to traditional parenting models?A. It allows her family to travel without a home base.B. It exposes her family to fewer cultural experiences.C. It helps her family adopt a healthier and sustainable pace.D. It reduces the need for childcare and traditional schooling.Q3. What can be inferred about the lifestyle of digital nomads?A. It offers flexibility but comes with unique challenges.B. It is only suitable for people in creative industries.C. It eliminates the need for a permanent home base.D. It guarantees a glamorous and stress-free work life.Q4. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To encourage readers to adopt a digital nomad lifestyle.B. To explain how digital nomads overcome work challenges.C. To compare digital nomadism with traditional work models.D. To analyze the pros and cons of being a digital nomad.Part III. KEYQ1. 【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处为：More and more countries are offering digital nomad visas and therefore the chance to work remotely, from wherever you’d like to. 意为：“越来越多的国家开始提供数字游民签证，让人们可以远程工作，并在任何自己想去的地方办公。”这里明确指出数字游民签证提供了远程工作的机会，使人们得以“在任何地方工作”，因此正确答案为B。Q2. 【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处为：Remote working has allowed my family to move away from that kind of intensity, and this way, we all get to move at a more sustainable and healthy pace. 意为：“远程办公让我家人得以远离那种高强度的生活节奏，以更可持续、更健康的方式生活。”这里强调了远程工作对家庭节奏的积极影响，帮助Rowena Hennigan一家摆脱紧张状态并实现可持续的生活方式，因此正确答案为C。Q3. 【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处为：Though it doesn’t work for everyone. Francesca Specter, a writer for The Guardian, decided to country-hop … But along with struggling to find reliable wi-fi and fighting bouts of loneliness, she wrote that she felt envious as she cooled her overheating laptop in the shade while holidaymakers relaxed by the pool. 意为：“但这种生活方式并不适合所有人。《卫报》撰稿人弗朗西丝卡·斯派克特（Francesca Specter）决定在不同国家间“跳岛”旅行……但同时，她也在努力寻找可靠的无线网络并与孤独作斗争。她写道，当她在阴凉处给过热的笔记本降温时，看着度假者在泳池边放松，她感到羡慕。”这个案例指出了数字游民生活方式的灵活性及其伴随的挑战，如可能会孤独或遇到网络不畅等问题，因此可以推断，它既有优势也有挑战，因此正确答案为A。Q4. 【答案】D【解析】主旨题。文章分析了数字游民生活方式的优缺点，既指出了其灵活性和跨文化体验，又揭示了其背后的孤独和可能遇到的困难。整篇文章的核心是分析数字游民生活方式的优缺点，而不是单纯鼓励或比较，因此正确答案为D。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 美国就业增长数据下调

CNN新闻：美国就业增长数据下调US Job Growth Revised Downward常速 | 六级 中等 | 146词 | 53秒刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is the primary subject of the new data released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics?A. The financial health of U.S. businesses.B. The accuracy of reported job growth figures.C. The status of public welfare programs.D. The impact of educational reforms on employment.Q2. According to the text, what was the finding of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ annual review of employment data?A. The U.S. created 818,000 more jobs than initially reported.B. The review found no discrepancies in employment data.C. Job growth remained consistent with previous reports.D. There were 818,000 fewer jobs than initially reported.Q3. How do economists view the new job growth numbers from the Bureau of Labor Statistics?A. As an irrelevant piece of data.B. As a critical gauge for the U.S. labor market and economy.C. As an indication that the economy is booming.D. As a reason to disregard earlier reports entirely.Q4. What can be inferred about how the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ findings impact future economic decisions?A. They may lead to changes in public health policies.B. They are used to finalize welfare budgets immediately.C. They influence key decisions such as adjustments to interest rates.D. They provide guidance for future educational initiatives.Q5. What might the Federal Reserve do in response to the recent job growth numbers?A. Weigh interest rate cuts.B. Increase interest rates.C. Maintain current interest rates.D. Disregard the employment data altogether.Part II. TRANSCRIPTUS Job Growth Revised DownwardNext up, new data just released is showing that (Q1) job growth in the U.S. over the past year was not as strong as once thought. (Q2) The Bureau of Labor Statistics did an annual review of its employment data and found that there were 818,000 fewer jobs in March of this year than were initially reported. Spread out over the course of last year, that would be about 68,000 fewer jobs per month. The Bureau conducts this review every year, and the estimates are still preliminary. They won’t be finalized until next year. (Q3) But right now, economists are looking at these numbers as a critical gauge for the U.S. labor market and overall health of the economy. (Q4) Job growth dropping off more than expected in recent months is (Q5) something the Federal Reserve will be watching closely as it weighs interest rate cuts, a key factor for inflation.bureau n. 局，处（通常指政府部门）gauge n. 测量，标准，指标inflation n. 通货膨胀Part III. KEYQ1. B. 主旨题。根据“job growth in the U.S. over the past year was not as strong as once thought. The Bureau of Labor Statistics did an annual review of its employment data and found that there were 818,000 fewer jobs in March of this year than were initially reported.” 可知过去一年美国的就业增长不如人们想象的那样强劲。劳工统计局对其就业数据进行了年度审查，发现实际数据比最初报告人少，因此，主要涉及的主题是报告就业增长数据的准确性。因此答案为B。Q2. D. 细节题。根据“The Bureau of Labor Statistics did an annual review of its employment data and found that there were 818,000 fewer jobs in March of this year than were initially reported.” 可知劳工统计局对其就业数据进行了年度审查，发现今年3月的职位比最初报告的少了818,000个。因此答案为D。Q3. B. 细节题。根据“economists are looking at these numbers as a critical gauge for the U.S. labor market and overall health of the economy.” 可知经济学家将这些数字视为衡量美国劳动力市场和整体经济健康状况的重要指标。因此答案为B。Q4.C. 推理题。根据“Job growth dropping off more than expected in recent months is something the Federal Reserve will be watching closely as it weighs interest rate cuts, a key factor for inflation.” 可知美联储密切关注就业增长趋势，因为它是美联储衡量是否降息时重点关注的要素，因此可以推断，这些发现影响了美联储对利率调整的决策。因此答案为C。Q5. A. 细节题。根据“something the Federal Reserve will be watching closely as it weighs interest rate cuts, a key factor for inflation.” 可知根据最近的就业增长数据，美联储在权衡是否降息。因此答案为A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 木星的95颗卫星及其生命潜力

CNN新闻：木星的95颗卫星及其生命潜力Jupiter’s 95 Moons and Potential for Life常速| 六级 中等 | 355词 | 2分28秒刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. Based on the text, what is unique about Ganymede, one of Jupiter’s moons?A. It is the hottest moon in the solar system.B. It is larger than the planet Mercury.C. It has volcanoes similar to Earth’s.D. It is the only moon without water.Q2. What maneuver will the Juice mission use to reach Jupiter?A. A direct flight path from Earth to Jupiter.B. A double gravity assist maneuver involving Earth and Venus.C. A series of small propulsion adjustments.D. A free-fall trajectory through the asteroid belt.Q3. How is Jupiter different from the sun, despite being similar in certain ways?A. Jupiter does not have a magnetic field whereas the sun does.B. Jupiter fuses hydrogen into helium to create energy.C. Jupiter is a gas giant but doesn't fuse hydrogen atoms into helium.D. Jupiter is hotter than the sun due to its core composition.Q4. What was revealed by the 1996 Galileo spacecraft mission regarding Europa’s surface?A. It contains active volcanic regions.B. It is completely dry and barren.C. It is composed mainly of rocky terrain.D. It has an ocean beneath its icy exterior.Q5. Why do plumes of water on Europa suggest the potential for life?A. They provide evidence of possible microbial life due to the presence of water, carbon, and hydrogen.B. They show that Europa’s surface is hospitable for human life.C. They indicate volcanic activity that can support life.D. They reveal an advanced ecosystem similar to Earth’s marine environments.Part II. TRANSCRIPTJupiter’s 95 Moons and Potential for LifeAccording to astronomers, how many moons does Jupiter have?One, two, three, or 95?The current count is 95 confirmed moons for Jupiter, (Q1) including the largest moon in our solar system, Ganymede, which is larger than the planet Mercury.Scientists have been studying Jupiter’s moons for decades, sending probes to peruse them since the 1970s. After discovering some of these moons have actual oceans under their icy surfaces, the European Space Agency and NASA want to know, can these celestial bodies support life?celestial adj. 天体的，天空的 Well, the Juice mission, named after the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer spacecraft, is going to use some pretty cool physics (Q2) to perform the first double gravity assist maneuver.(Q2) This week, the spacecraft will use Earth’s gravity to slingshot towards a Venus flyby in 2025, and putting it on track to scope out Jupiter and its moons by July of 2031.UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Jupiter has three moons with oceans underneath their icy shells. They’re called Ganymede, Callisto, and Europa. Earthlings have been curious about these moons and their potential to house life for a long time.earthling n. 地球人（科幻小说中外星人用语）NASA first sent probes in part to get a closer look in 1977. Jupiter is a gas giant. That means it doesn’t have a surface. It’s a swirl of gases that can dense into a smoldering ocean of hydrogen at its core. It’s very similar to our sun in this way. (Q3) But unlike the sun, it doesn’t fuse hydrogen atoms into helium to create energy and heat.helium n. 氦（化学元素）Now back to those first NASA probes, they observed long lines and dark spots on the moon Europa. Typically, moons have cratered surfaces. But these images tipped scientists off that there might be an ocean beneath Europa’s icy exterior.(Q4) In 1996, that theory was confirmed when the Galileo spacecraft reached Europa. It was the first ocean discovered on another planet. Then, in 2012 and 2016, the Hubble Space Telescope showed water plumes erupting from the warmest parts of Europa.(Q5) Scientists don’t know much about the plumes. But if Europa has water and elements like carbon and hydrogen, it could mean that microbial life once formed there or even still exists.microbial adj. 微生物的Part III. KEYQ1. B. 细节题。根据“including the largest moon in our solar system, Ganymede, which is larger than the planet Mercury.”可知Ganymede太阳系中最大的卫星，它比水星还大。因此答案为B。Q2. B. 细节题。根据“...to perform the first double gravity assist maneuver ... the spacecraft will use Earth’s gravity to slingshot towards a Venus flyby in 2025, and putting it on track to scope out Jupiter and its moons by July of 2031.”可知该航天器将使用双重重力助推机动，先利用地球的引力在2025年进行一次金星飞越，并在2031年7月之前瞄准木星及其卫星。因此答案为B。Q3. C. 细节题。根据“But unlike the sun, it doesn’t fuse hydrogen atoms into helium to create energy and heat.”可知两者的不同的在于，木星不像太阳那样通过氢原子聚变成氦来产生能量和热量。因此答案为C。Q4. D. 细节题。根据“In 1996, that theory was confirmed when the Galileo spacecraft reached Europa. It was the first ocean discovered on another planet.”可知1996年，当伽利略号航天器到达木卫二欧罗巴时，该理论得到证实。这是在另一颗行星上首次发现的海洋。因此答案为D。Q5. A. 推理题。根据“Scientists don’t know much about the plumes. But if Europa has water and elements like carbon and hydrogen, it could mean that microbial life once formed there or even still exists.”可知科学家对这些羽状物知之甚少。但是如果Europa确实水和碳氢等元素，这可能意味着微生物生命曾经形成过，甚至仍然存在。这表明他们可能支持微生物生命的存在。因此答案为A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 和朋友一起锻炼的意外好处

和朋友一起锻炼的意外好处The Surprising Benefits of Exercising with Friends常速 | 四级 中等 | 1006词 | 4min47s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to the text, what can make exercising feel less tiring and more energizing?A. Daily meditation.B. Listening to music.C. Exercising with family and friends.D. Taking frequent breaks.Q2. What was the primary purpose of the experiment with 25 teenage rowers at Fulham Reach Boat Club?A. To test new rowing techniques.B. To measure the impact of social support on physical endurance.C. To compare different rowing equipment.D. To study the effects of diet on performance.Q3. How did the teenage rowers feel when they rowed alone, compared to when they rowed with others?A. More motivated.B. Less happy and more fatigued.C. Equally energized.D. More confident and stronger.Q4. What does the text suggest as an unexpected benefit of exercising with friends?A. Increased focus on individual goals.B. Enhanced social bonding.C. Better listening skills.D. Improved writing abilities.Q5. According to the text, how does social bonding through exercise happen?A. By sharing workout plans.B. Through the release of endorphins and endocannabinoids.C. By joining professional fitness competitions.D. Through online forums and social media.Q6. What long-term effect was observed from the social connections formed during the exercise challenge?A. Improved academic performance.B. Sustained feelings of social connection and improved mental wellbeing.C. Enhanced physical strength weeks after.D. Increased interest in rowing as a sport.Q7. What is a potential solution suggested by the text for people who have recently moved or are shy about meeting new people?A. Joining a gym alone.B. Attending online fitness classes.C. Finding exercise groups or clubs for beginners.D. Hiring a personal trainer.Q8. What activity besides exercise can also help people feel more socially connected?A. Watching movies alone.B. Reading books in isolation.C. Gardening with neighbors.D. Studying for exams.Q9. How can participating in exercise groups help individuals both physically and mentally, according to the text?A. By improving their technical skills.B. By offering dietary advice.C. By boosting their endurance.D. By reducing feelings of loneliness and stress.Q10. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To discuss the unexpected benefits of exercising with others.B. To provide tips for solo workout routines.C. To explain the history of physical exercise.D. To compare indoor and outdoor exercises.Part II. TRANSCRIPTThe Surprising Benefits of Exercising with FriendsArran Davis: Most of us know that movement and exercise are good for our physical health, and science is showing that they’re also good for our mental health. But did you know that exercising with friends comes with its own unexpected benefits? If you’re the type of person who likes to go to the gym, put on some headphones and kind of focus on your own thing, this idea might seem a bit strange. What difference could exercising with other people actually make?I feel like it’s just so nice to have the support of your friends and your team-mates and everything, and just having people cheer you on.Everybody cheers behind you and gets behind you and goes, “Come on, you can finish it! Last 500m!” and you know, you know you’re going to make it.Arran Davis: Humans evolved as a social species. Being around our friends makes us feel safer and less cautious. And this can change how our bodies respond to exercise. Fatigue evolved to protect us from overexertion and injury. It works like a brake mechanism that tells us when we need to stop, but it also limits our endurance. When our social environment tells us we’re safe and supported, our bodies can ease that protective break. (Q1) So, by making us feel less fatigued and more energised, exercising with family and friends, or even just as part of a group, can actually boost our physical performance.brake mechanism 刹车机构To show this, we ran an experiment with 25 teenage rowers here at the Fulham Reach Boat Club. We asked them to row at a set pace for as long as they could in two different social environments. One was designed to make them feel socially supported, and the other was meant to make them feel on their own. (Q2)We found that those who felt supported got tired less quickly and were able to row for a longer amount of time. You see everyone else row next to you, you can sort of just zone in and realise that you’re not the only one, and also you have each other cheering you on, of course. (Q3) Whilst you’re on your own, it’s just really miserable, I guess.In the boat with other people, there’s a sense of camaraderie which you don’t have in the boat by yourself. camaraderie n. 同事情谊；友情Arran Davis: But on top of boosting our performance and making our workouts feel a bit easier, there’s another major benefit to group exercise.You kind of have that social aspect, so it kind of gives you a mental health benefit by coming out to the runs.I think the social activity — I mean, I’ve got so many friends now because of it, and I think that’s one of the big bonuses.And do a run and a coffee and cake afterwards. So it’s just... Yeah, it’s great.Arran Davis: (Q4) Scientific research is beginning to show that the more we exercise with our friends, the closer we feel to them. Evolutionary anthropologists call this social bonding. (Q5) This happens because our bodies release chemical messengers called endorphins and endocannabinoids during exercise, which make us feel happy and content. You might have heard people saying they give us a runner’s high. This natural high can help us be more positive and in tune with the people we’re exercising with, and this helps us feel closer and more connected to one another. And it turns out these social connections don’t just disappear after exercise. We followed over 50 teams of teenagers who took part in a challenge which required them to navigate a difficult 50-mile course over two days. Teams who reported working together and supporting one another said they felt closer and more connected when they finished. anthropologist n. 人类学家endorphin n. 内啡肽（内分泌激素，有镇痛作用）(Q6) What we found really interesting was that these feelings of social connection positively impacted their mental wellbeing a whole week after the event. Again and again, studies have shown that social relationships are really important for our overall health. When we feel lonely, we get more stressed, and this fight or flight response is our body’s way of protecting itself from the dangers our ancestors faced when they were alone. But in the modern world, this stress response can be a bit counterproductive. And when loneliness causes us to feel chronically stressed, it can be harmful to our long-term health. One study even found that lacking social connection can be as dangerous for our health as smoking cigarettes. So by exercising together, we’re helping to build the social relationships we need to live happy and healthy lives.chronically adv. 慢性地，长期地When I’m here, I’m not stressed about exams. I’m not stressed about, like, all of the other things I have. Like, it’s just rowing and I’m just here with my friends.Arran Davis: But what happens if you don’t have family and friends nearby? Maybe you’ve just moved, or maybe you can be a bit shy and you’re not sure where to meet people. (Q7) It turns out there are a lot of exercise groups and clubs that are happy to get new members, even if you’re just getting started. In fact, some are even specifically for beginners. I found the group on Facebook, and it was set up as an event, so I just clicked “going”. I was really nervous about it, going for the first time, worried about meeting new people, but they were so welcoming, there wasn’t really anything to worry about, really.Arran Davis: And if you can’t do intense exercise, finding a partner to go on light walks with can also have positive effects on your health. (Q8) In fact, any kind of physical activity that we can do in collaboration with other people, so things like dancing, gardening or singing, can help us move more and feel more socially connected. (Q9) Public health experts have described rising levels of physical inactivity and loneliness as two new epidemics that are harming our physical and mental health. It turns out that exercising together, or even just being active with other people, might help to cure both.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 细节题。根据“by making us feel less fatigued and more energised, exercising with family and friends, exercising with family and friends, or even just as part of a group, can actually boost our physical performance.”可知与家人和朋友，甚至只是在一个团体中一起运动，能让我们感觉不那么疲劳和更有活力，甚至提高我们的身体表现。因此答案为C。Q2. B. 细节题。根据“We found that those who felt supported got tired less quickly and were able to row for a longer amount of time.” 可知对25名青少年赛艇运动员进行了对照实验，最终发现获得支持的小组不太容易疲倦，而且运动持续时间更长。因此答案为B。Q3. B. 细节题。根据“Whilst you’re on your own, it’s just really miserable, I guess.”可知当独自划船的人感觉很悲惨，且实验结果显示独自时更容易疲劳。因此答案为B。Q4. B. 细节题。根据“Scientific research is beginning to show that the more we exercise with our friends, the closer we feel to them.”可知科学研究表明，与朋友一起锻炼的次数越多，彼此会更亲近。因此答案为B。Q5. B. 细节题。根据“This happens because our bodies release chemical messengers called endorphins and endocannabinoids during exercise, which make us feel happy and content.” 可知在锻炼过程中我们的身体会释放内啡肽和内源性大麻素，这些化学物质让人感到快乐和满足，从而促进社交联结。因此答案为B。Q6. B. 细节题。根据“What we found really interesting was that these feelings of social connection positively impacted their mental wellbeing a whole week after the event.”可知研究发现，这些社交联结感在活动结束一周后仍然对他们的心理健康有积极影响。因此答案为B。Q7. C. 细节题。根据“...there are a lot of exercise groups and clubs that are happy to get new members, even if you’re just getting started. In fact, some are even specifically for beginners.” 对于刚搬家或羞于认识新朋友的人，文中建议他们加入运动团体和俱乐部，这些组织很欢迎新成员。因此答案为C。Q8. C. 细节题。根据“In fact, any kind of physical activity that we can do in collaboration with other people, so things like dancing, gardening or singing, can help us move more and feel more socially connected.” 可知事实上，任何我们可以与他人合作进行的身体活动，如跳舞、园艺或唱歌，都可以帮助我们更多地运动并促进社交联结。因此答案为C。Q9. D. 推理题。根据“Public health experts have described rising levels of physical inactivity and loneliness as two new epidemics that are harming our physical and mental health. It turns out that exercising together, or even just being active with other people, might help to cure both.”可知公共卫生专家将身体不活动和孤独感增加描述为正在损害我们身心健康的两种新流行病。但是一起锻炼，甚至只是与他人一起活动，能同时缓解上述两大问题。因此答案为D。Q10. A. 主旨题。全文主要讨论了与朋友一起锻炼的意外好处。因此答案为A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

第12届教学大赛商务英语组特等奖潘紫萌授课

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第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然说课

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全新版大学进阶英语系列：视听说教程（第二版）第3册 Unit 6 Anxiety and Fear

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