全新版大学英语视听说教程1

《全新版大学英语视听说教程》共四册，每册八单元，突出视听说技能、演讲技能和批判性思维能力的培养。该数字课程每单元包含Listening, Extended Listening, Speaking, TEDTalks, Presentation和Self-test六大部分。听力训练主题广泛、注重听力和记笔记技能的培养，素材包括电视或电台采访、新闻报道、专题讨论等，同时还有与单元主题相关的拓展听力兼顾学生应试需求。口语和语音训练通过人机对话、跟读评分，有效提升学生口语水平。以TED演讲为素材的视频练习，突出记笔记、作演讲能力的培养。数字课程特有的单元自测通过词汇和听力测试有效检验学生的学习效果。

全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程3

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程2（思政智慧版）

时文选读 | Labubu：中国创新引领全球玩具潮流

Labubu：中国创新引领全球玩具潮流Labubu: A Global Toy Sensation Fueled by Chinese Innovation七级 易| 267词 刘立军供稿Part I. PassageOn July 5, 2024, a woman took a selfie with art toys at a new Pop Mart offline store in Bangkok, Thailand, showcasing the global craze for Labubu. This Chinese toy, part of Pop Mart’s ‘Monster’ intellectual property (IP), has captivated audiences worldwide with its unique charm and design.Labubu, featuring long ears and sharp teeth, challenges traditional beauty standards and has become a collector’s treasure. Cities like Los Angeles, London, Tokyo, and Bangkok see long queues for new releases, while limited editions like Singapore’s Merbubu sell out instantly.Pop Mart began its global expansion in 2018, opening its first overseas store in Seoul in 2020. By the end of 2024, the company had over 500 stores in more than 30 countries, supported by e-commerce platforms reaching 90+ nations. Notably, a mint-colored Labubu auctioned in Beijing fetched 1.08 million yuan ($150,000), highlighting its art market appeal.Pop Mart’s success stems from China’s manufacturing prowess, with Dongguan serving as a major hub. AI-driven smart manufacturing accelerates production and boosts global competitiveness. Labubu’s creator, Hong Kong artist Kasing Lung, collaborated with Pop Mart, elevating the brand from OEM to cultural innovation.Labubu’s global appeal is amplified by celebrity endorsements, including Lisa from Blackpink, Rihanna, Beckham, and Thai Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana. These endorsements have solidified Labubu’s status as a cultural phenomenon.Labubu exemplifies China’s ‘Cool Power’—the growing global appreciation of Chinese brands and culture. As China continues to innovate and expand its cultural influence, it embraces the world with openness and confidence, reinforcing its image as a modern, dynamic nation.【Vocabulary】 1. craze n. 狂热，风靡一时的事物 2. captivate v. 迷住，使着迷 3. prowess n. 高超的技艺，非凡的能力 4. hub n. 中心，枢纽 Part II. QuestionsQ1. What is one feature of Labubu that makes it unique? A. It has a mint color. B. It has long ears and sharp teeth. C. It is created entirely by AI. D. It is only available in China. Q2. What does the auction of a mint-colored Labubu in Beijing suggest about its value? A. It highlights its status as a high-value collectible. B. It reflects its affordability for average buyers. C. It indicates its declining popularity in other markets. D. It shows that limited editions are not in demand. Q3. What is the significance of Dongguan in Pop Mart’s operations? A. It serves as the headquarters for Pop Mart’s global expansion. B. It is where Labubu was first created. C. It is the primary market for Labubu sales. D. It is a key hub for AI-driven smart manufacturing. Q4. What can be inferred about the role of celebrity endorsements in Labubu’s success? A. They are the sole reason for Labubu’s global appeal. B. They help reinforce Labubu’s status as a cultural icon. C. They primarily target Chinese audiences. D. They have minimal impact on Labubu’s popularity. Q5. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Global Expansion of Pop Mart B. How AI Transformed the Toy Industry C. Labubu: A Symbol of Chinese Cultural Innovation D. Celebrity Endorsements and Their Impact on Labubu Part III. KEYQ1. 【答案】B 【解析】细节题。题目出处：Labubu, featuring long ears and sharp teeth, challenges traditional beauty standards and has become a collector's treasure. 这句话明确说明Labubu的特点是长耳朵和尖牙，因此正确答案是B。 Q2.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Notably, a mint-colored Labubu auctioned in Beijing fetched 1.08 million yuan ($150,000), highlighting its art market appeal. 这句话表明，一款薄荷色Labubu在北京拍卖并以150,000美元成交，这突显了其在艺术市场上的高价值，因此正确答案是A。 Q3. 【答案】D【解析】细节题。题目出处：Pop Mart’s success stems from China's manufacturing prowess, with Dongguan serving as a major hub. AI-driven smart manufacturing accelerates production and boosts global competitiveness. 这句话明确指出，东莞是一个主要的生产枢纽，依靠AI驱动的智能制造来提升生产效率和全球竞争力，因此正确答案是D。 Q4. 【答案】B 【解析】推理题。题目出处：Labubu’s global appeal is amplified by celebrity endorsements, including Lisa from Blackpink, Rihanna, Beckham, and Thai Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana. These endorsements have solidified Labubu’s status as a cultural phenomenon. 这句话表明，名人代言增强了Labubu的全球吸引力，并巩固了其作为文化现象的地位，因此可以推断出名人代言对Labubu的成功起到了强化文化地位的作用，因此正确答案是B。 Q5.【答案】C【解析】主旨题。题目出处为整篇文章，文章主要讨论Labubu作为中国文化创新的象征，如何通过独特的设计、智能制造和全球化战略成为一种现象。因此，正确答案是C。 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 小睡也许并没有你想的那么好

小睡也许并没有你想的那么好Naps might not be as good for you as you think 常速 | 五级 中等 | 327词 | 1min53s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is one benefit of taking a short nap mentioned in the text? A. It reduces the risk of insomnia. B. It improves memory and concentration. C. It eliminates the need for night sleep. D. It prevents cardiac problems. Q2. According to the text, what is the recommended length for a power nap? A. Less than half an hour. B. Between 30 and 60 minutes. C. At least one hour. D. Over two hours. Q3. What is one potential negative impact of napping after 2 or 3 in the afternoon? A. It increases productivity at work. B. It leads to higher levels of concentration. C. It disrupts the sleep cycle and causes bad habits. D. It improves cardiac health. Q4. What can be inferred about frequent daytime naps? A. They suggest a well-regulated sleep cycle. B. They may indicate underlying health issues or stress. C. They improve nighttime sleep quality. D. They are recommended for all age groups. Q5. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To highlight the importance of avoiding naps entirely. B. To discuss the link between naps and cardiac health. C. To analyze the role of circadian rhythms in sleep. D. To explain the benefits and drawbacks of napping. Part II. TRANSCRIPTNaps might not be as good for you as you think Surely, they're called power naps for a reason? Aren't naps the key to feeling alert, improving your memory and just generally having a great life? Well, they can be, but things aren't quite that simple.(Q1) It is true that a short nap can help people be more alert, improve their memory and concentration, and reduce risks around tasks with heavy machinery. Our circadian rhythms are responsible for the notorious lull that many of us feel in the early afternoon. This is the best time for a nap. Some companies have installed sleep pods for their employees, hoping to benefit from increased productivity and cognitive performance. But it is also true that naps can cause problems.circadian adj. 生理节奏的，昼夜节律的 notorious adj. 声名狼藉的，众所周知的（常指不好的事情） lull n. 间歇，平静期 pod n. 小舱，隔间 cognitive adj. 认知的 Let's start by thinking about the length. (Q2) A true power nap should be less than half an hour. Any longer, and it becomes hard to rouse yourself from. Any benefits in terms of alertness are likely to disappear with the grogginess that results from a longer period of slumber.grogginess n. 昏昏沉沉，虚弱无力slumber n. 睡眠，微睡 This isn't the only issue. Naps have been linked to conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure and cardiac problems. However, it's not clear whether these are direct results, or stem from the impact of napping on our sleep habits. (Q3) If you take a nap after about two or three in the afternoon, it's likely to have a negative effect on your ability to get to sleep at night. Breaking your sleep cycle can lead to bad sleeping habits, which themselves become ingrained.cardiac adj. 心脏的 ingrain v. 使根深蒂固 Of course, in the same way that naps can lead to bad sleep, it's also true that bad sleep can lead to wanting to take more naps. (Q4) So, if you find yourself frequently needing to sleep during the day, experts suggest that you consider why that's the case. Are there any potential health issues that could be causing insomnia? Or are work pressure stopping you from getting enough sleep?insomnia n. 失眠 Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处：It is true that a short nap can help people be more alert, improve their memory and concentration, and reduce risks around tasks with heavy machinery. 意为：“的确，小睡片刻能帮助人们更加清醒，提升记忆力和专注力，还能降低操作重型机械等作业时的风险。” 因此正确答案为B。 Q2.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：A true power nap should be less than half an hour. 意为：“真正的有效小憩时间应控制在半小时以内。。” 文章明确指出，有效小睡的时间应该少于半小时，超过这个时间可能会导致昏昏沉沉，并抵消小睡的益处，因此正确答案为A。 Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处：If you take a nap after about two or three in the afternoon, it's likely to have a negative effect on your ability to get to sleep at night. Breaking your sleep cycle can lead to bad sleeping habits, which themselves become ingrained. 意为：“如果你在下午两三点之后小睡，很可能会对夜间入睡能力产生负面影响。打乱睡眠周期会导致不良的睡眠习惯，而这些习惯本身又会变得根深蒂固。”因此正确答案为C。 Q4.【答案】B【解析】推理题。题目出处：So, if you find yourself frequently needing to sleep during the day, experts suggest that you consider why that's the case. Are there any potential health issues that could be causing insomnia? Or are work pressures stopping you from getting enough sleep? 意为：“因此，如果你发现自己经常需要在白天睡觉，专家建议你思考原因。是否存在可能导致失眠的潜在健康问题？或者工作压力是否阻碍你获得足够的睡眠？从中可以推断，频繁白天小睡可能表明存在潜在健康问题或压力，因此正确答案为B。 Q5.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。文章主要讨论了小睡的好处和可能引发的问题，包括提高注意力和记忆力的益处，以及可能导致睡眠周期紊乱和健康问题。因此正确答案为D。 （本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

教学素材 | 人工智能会让你变笨吗？

Will AI Make You Stupid? 人工智能会让你变笨吗？难度：CET-6 偏难刘立军供稿Artificial intelligence (AI) promises greater efficiency and convenience—but is it silently weakening our ability to think? 人工智能（AI）会带来更高的效率和便利——但它是否也在悄悄削弱我们的思考能力？Early Warning Signs from Research 研究中的早期预警信号A recent MIT study raises serious concerns. Students using ChatGPT during essay-writing sessions displayed significantly reduced brain activity in regions tied to creativity and attention, as measured by EEG scans. They also struggled to recall specific parts of the content they had just written. This suggests that while AI may speed up tasks, it may also impair memory and critical engagement. 麻省理工学院最近的一项研究引发了严重担忧。研究发现，在撰写文章的过程中使用 ChatGPT 的学生，通过脑电图扫描测量的其与创造力和注意力相关的脑区活动显著减少。他们还难以回忆起自己刚刚写过的内容的具体部分。这表明，尽管人工智能可能加快任务的完成速度，但也可能损害记忆力和深度思考能力。This isn’t an isolated finding. Microsoft Research surveyed 319 professionals regularly using generative AI for over 900 tasks. Only around 60% of those tasks required deep thinking—most were routine and described as “mindless.” The majority of respondents admitted they exerted significantly less mental effort when using AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, or Copilot. 这并非孤立现象。微软研究院对319名经常使用生成式人工智能完成900多项任务的专业人士进行了调查。结果显示，只有大约60%的任务需要深入思考——大多数任务都是例行公事，被描述为“不动脑筋”的工作。大多数受访者承认，使用 ChatGPT、Gemini 或 Copilot 等 AI 工具时，他们的脑力投入明显减少。Similarly, a study by Michael Gerlich at SBS Swiss Business School found that heavy AI users scored lower on critical-thinking assessments. Hundreds of educators reached out to him afterward, confirming they’ve seen the same trend in classrooms: students increasingly dependent on AI struggle with independent reasoning. 同样，SBS 瑞士商学院Michael Gerlich博士的研究也发现，频繁使用人工智能的人在批判性思维评估中的得分较低。研究发表后，数百名教育工作者联系了他，证实他们在课堂上也观察到了类似趋势：越来越依赖 AI 的学生在独立思考方面遇到了困难。Is AI the Cause—or Just a Symptom? 是 AI 导致的，还是只是表象？Researchers caution that these studies don’t yet prove a direct causal link. The MIT study had only 54 participants, and Gerlich’s findings may reflect a different issue: perhaps those who already lack strong critical thinking skills are more likely to rely on AI. Still, the consistent pattern across different studies makes this an issue worth urgent attention. 研究人员警告说，这些研究尚未证明人工智能使用与思维能力下降之间存在直接的因果关系。麻省理工的研究仅涉及54名参与者，而 Gerlich博士的发现可能反映了另一个问题：也许那些原本缺乏批判性思维能力的人更倾向于依赖 AI。尽管如此，不同研究中一致的结果表明，这个问题值得高度关注。The Bigger Risk: Outsourcing Thought 更大的风险：外包思考Throughout history, technological tools have helped reduce mental workload—writing, calculators, GPS. But as psychologist Evan Risko notes, generative AI introduces a new level of cognitive offloading. While it’s harmless to delegate arithmetic, offloading complex thinking—like writing, decision-making, or problem-solving—could weaken our cognitive endurance over time. 纵观历史，技术工具一直在帮助人们减轻脑力负担——从文字书写、计算器到 GPS。但正如心理学家 Evan Risko 所指出的，生成式 AI 引入了一种新的“认知外包”层次。虽然将算术任务交给机器无伤大雅，但将写作、决策或解决问题等涉及复杂思考的任务外包，可能会逐渐削弱我们的认知耐力。This could lead to a self-reinforcing loop of “cognitive miserliness,” where users consistently choose the path of least effort. As AI becomes the default, our brains grow accustomed to underperforming. One participant in Gerlich’s study admitted: “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” 这可能导致一种“认知懒惰”的循环，即用户总是选择最省力的方式，且这一循环会自我强化。当 AI 成为默认选项，我们的大脑也会逐渐习惯低效运作。Gerlich博士的研究中有一位参与者坦言：“我对 AI 如此依赖，甚至我觉得没有它我都不知道怎么解决一些问题。”The Economic and Creative Cost 经济与创造力的代价Businesses are betting heavily on AI for productivity gains. But there’s a catch. Barbara Larson of Northeastern University warns that a long-term decline in critical thinking could reduce competitiveness—and make workers more replaceable. 企业正大力押注 AI 来提升生产力。但这也存在隐患。东北大学的 Barbara Larson教授警告说，长期来看，批判性思维能力的下降可能会削弱企业的竞争力，让员工更容易被取代。Creativity is also at risk. In one study, participants were asked to come up with novel uses for objects like a car tyre or a pair of trousers. Those exposed to AI suggestions gave less original answers. For example, ChatGPT proposed using trousers as part of a scarecrow—essentially, trousers as trousers. A human, unaided, turned them into a quirky bird feeder. Clearly, relying on AI can narrow the scope of imagination. 创造力也面临威胁。在一项研究中，参与者被要求想象一个汽车轮胎或一条裤子有什么新的用途。接受过 AI 建议的人给出的答案缺乏原创性。例如，ChatGPT 提议将裤子用作稻草人的一部分——本质上还是作为裤子的用途。而一个没有借助 AI 的人则将其改造成了一种有趣的鸟食器。显然，过度依赖 AI 会限制想象力的广度。Smarter Ways to Use AI 更聪明地使用 AI 的方法The solution isn’t to abandon AI—but to use it more wisely. Dr. Larson advises treating AI as a helpful but naive assistant, not an expert. Dr. Gerlich recommends prompting AI step by step, rather than asking for a final answer. Instead of “Where should I go for a sunny holiday?” start with “Which destinations have the least rainfall?” This preserves the user’s role as the thinker. 解决方案不是放弃 AI，而是更聪明地使用它。Larson 博士建议将 AI 视为一个有用但不够成熟的助手，而不是专家。Gerlich博士则建议分步骤向 AI 提问，而不是直接要一个最终答案。例如，不要问“我该去哪里度假？”而是先问“哪些地方降雨最少？”，这样可以保留用户作为思考者的角色。Microsoft researchers are also exploring AI designs that encourage critical thinking. Some experimental chatbots interrupt users with challenging prompts or probing questions—transforming them from passive answer machines into interactive thought partners. A concept that Socrates, the father of inquiry-based learning, would likely applaud. 微软的研究人员也在探索鼓励批判性思维的 AI 设计。一些实验性聊天机器人会通过带有挑战性的提示词或探究性的提问来打断用户，将自身从被动的回答机器转变为互动型的思考伙伴。这种理念或许会受到苏格拉底——探究式学习之父——的赞赏。The Limits of Forcing Engagement 强制参与的局限性Yet even thoughtful interventions can backfire. A study found that AI “provocations” reduced performance in weaker programmers. And more forceful methods—like requiring users to generate their own response before accessing AI—are unlikely to be welcomed. As Microsoft’s Zana Buçinca explains, “People don’t like to be pushed to engage.” Indeed, a global survey by Oliver Wyman showed that 47% of respondents would use generative AI tools even if banned by their employer. 然而，即使是经过深思熟虑的干预也可能适得其反。一项研究发现，AI 的“挑战性提问”反而会降低编程能力较弱者的表现。而更强制性的方法——比如要求用户在访问 AI 前必须先自行生成答案——也不太可能受欢迎。正如来自微软的Zana Buçinca 所说：“人们不喜欢被强迫去思考。”事实上，奥纬咨询公司（Oliver Wyman）的一项全球调查显示，47%的受访者即使雇主禁止，也会继续使用生成式 AI 工具。A Tool, Not a Crutch AI：工具，而非拐杖AI is still young, and for now, the human brain remains the most versatile tool we have. But we must be careful not to trade long-term mental sharpness for short-term convenience. If strong evidence continues to show that AI dulls critical and creative thinking, we’ll face a choice: adjust how we use it—or risk becoming intellectually dependent on it. 人工智能仍处于早期阶段，目前，人类大脑仍然是我们最灵活的工具。但我们必须小心，不要为了短期便利而牺牲长期的思维敏锐性。如果越来越多的证据显示 AI 确实削弱了批判性与创造性思维，我们将面临一个选择：调整使用方式——或冒着在智力上对AI愈加依赖的风险。The question is not just can AI make us less intelligent—but will we notice before it does? 问题不仅仅是 AI 是否会让人类变笨——而在于我们是否在它将我们变笨之前就能察觉到？【词汇】 1. offload v. 卸载，转移 2. miserliness n. 吝啬 3. quirky adj. 匆匆做成的，速成的 4. backfire v. 事与愿违，产生反效果 5. crutch n. 拐杖，依赖物 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 练习听力

练习听力Practice Your Listening慢速 | 三级 偏难 | 531词 | 4min58s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is Zekeriya’s main concern about his current listening practice?A. He is memorizing the recordings instead of practicing listening.B. He finds the audio recordings too difficult.C. He does not have enough material to practice with.D. He struggles with understanding different accents.Q2. What is the main idea of the teacher’s response to Zekeriya’s question?A. Listening exercises should focus solely on repetition.B. Listening practice is unnecessary for language learning.C. Memorizing audio recordings is the best way to learn.D. There are various methods to improve listening skills.Q3. What does the teacher suggest about the level of listening material?A. It should be much easier than your current level.B. It should be slightly above your current ability.C. It should be at the same level as your speaking skills.D. It should only include familiar vocabulary.Q4. What is the purpose of transcribing audio recordings according to the teacher?A. To improve vocabulary memorization.B. To practice pronunciation.C. To notice differences between spoken and written English.D. To increase listening speed.Q5. Why does the teacher recommend listening to English spoken at different speeds?A. To help understand different dialects.B. To become accustomed to faster spoken English.C. To improve grammar skills.D. To focus on vocabulary development.Part II. TRANSCRIPTPractice Your ListeningHello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Zekeriya in Turkiye about listening to English.QuestionDear teacher,When I practice listening, I focus a lot and do a lot of repetitions. (Q1) After a while, I realized that I was actually memorizing the audio recording instead of practicing listening. How do you think I should do an ideal listening exercise?audio adj. 音频的Thank you,ZekeriyaAnswerI’m happy to answer this question, Zekeriya.(Q2) There is not one ideal listening exercise. Instead, there are several good ways to improve your listening.The repetitions you are doing can be necessary and helpful for you to understand what you hear. And repetitions likely help you remember new words and how to pronounce them. But let’s look at more ways you can practice listening. Listening methods(Q3) First, try to find listening material that is just a bit above your ability. This will help you learn new words without making it too difficult for you.It is best to listen to English material that has words written either in captions or in the body text, such as a VOA Learning English article. This will help check your listening.caption n. 字幕You can test yourself by first listening to parts of the audio without reading the words. Note the main ideas and the things you clearly understood. Then, listen to it again and try to understand more details. This is when you can do shorter repetitions. Next, you can check how much you understood by reading the words as you listen to the audio again.TranscribingOne of the best ways to practice listening is by writing every word you hear. This is called transcribing. Even with audio examples as short as one minute, you can learn a lot of English using this method. (Q4) For example, if you are transcribing an interview, you might notice differences between spoken English and written English.transcribe v. 转录，抄写By transcribing, you can notice and learn new expressions, grammar rules and spelling. This method also helps make new words stay in your memory when you read them. That is because you are discovering the answer to a problem you have already tried to solve through listening.Other tips(Q5) Try listening to English spoken at different speeds. Over time, you can follow spoken English at a faster speed. Many videos online let you increase or decrease the speed of playback.Practice listening to English spoken in different foreign accents. This is a useful skill because English is spoken in so many places around the world.accent n. 口音Center your listening on specific sounds or grammatical points. For example, preposition use in English can be difficult. Try listening for prepositions and the words they connect with. This can help you use them correctly in your speaking and writing.Remember that, like any skill, you can improve listening by practicing often and having detailed plans for the methods you will use.For our readers and listeners, what are your questions about American English? We’d like to hear from you. Send us an email at learningenglish@voanews.com. And please include where you are from in your email, too.And that’s Ask a Teacher.Part III. KEYQ1. A. 【解析】细节题。根据：“After a while, I realized that I was actually memorizing the audio recording instead of practicing listening.” 可知Zekeriya主要担心的是自己的练习变成记忆录音，而非练习听力。因此答案是A。Q2. D. 【解析】主旨题。根据：“There is not one ideal listening exercise. Instead, there are several good ways to improve your listening.”可知没有一种完美的听力练习方式。相反，有几种提高听力的好方法。因此答案是D。Q3. B. 【解析】细节题。根据：“First, try to find listening material that is just a bit above your ability.” 可知老师建议尝试难度稍微高于当前能力的听力材料。因此答案是B。Q4. C. 【解析】细节题。根据：“For example, if you are transcribing an interview, you might notice differences between spoken English and written English.” 可知在转录一段采访时，你可能会注意到英语口语和书面语之间的差异。因此答案是C。Q5. B. 【解析】推理题。根据：“Try listening to English spoken at different speeds. Over time, you can follow spoken English at a faster speed.” 可知尝试以不同速度听英语。随着时间的推移，你可以跟上更快的语速。因此答案是B。（本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 冬季如何保持好心情

冬季如何保持好心情How to Keep from Feeling Down in the Winter 慢速| 四级 偏难 | 835词 | 8分16秒刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is seasonal affective disorder (SAD) commonly associated with?A. Increased sunlight exposure.B. High temperatures in summer.C. Changes in daylight hours.D. Lack of physical activity.Q2. How do specialized cells in the eyes affect mood according to the report?A. By producing more serotonin.B. By turning blue light into brain signals.C. By increasing blood circulation.D. By reducing stress hormones.Q3. What is one suggested treatment for SAD mentioned in the report?A. Using a light therapy device.B. Taking cold showers.C. Eating more carbohydrates.D. Sleeping during the day.Q4. Why might Miriam Cherry’s planting of early-blooming flowers be significant for her?A. It provides a hobby to pass the time.B. It attracts more sunlight to her home.C. It helps her reduce heating costs.D. It serves as a reminder that winter will end.Q5. What is the main idea of the Health & Lifestyle report?A. Seasonal affective disorder is incurable.B. There are various treatments available for managing seasonal affective disorder.C. Light therapy is the only effective treatment for seasonal affective disorder.D. Seasonal affective disorder only affects people in cold climates.Part II. TRANSCRIPTHow to Keep from Feeling Down in the WinterFrom VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.(Q1) As fall and winter come to some parts of the world, daylight hours grow shorter. This lack of light can cause seasonal depression.“It is a feeling of panic, fear, anxiety and dread all in one,” said Germaine Pataki. The 63-year-old woman living in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, is among the millions of people estimated to have seasonal affective disorder, or SAD.dread n. 恐惧，畏惧 disorder n. 混乱，失调To deal with her condition, Pataki uses yoga, walking, and an antidepressant medication. She is also part of a Facebook group for people with SAD and helps others deal with the condition. Pataki said, “This gives me purpose.”yoga n. 瑜伽medication n. 药物，药物治疗People with SAD usually have depression that begins in the fall and eases in the spring or summer. Changing the clocks back to standard time, which happens in autumn in the United States, can also cause SAD to start.Medical experts say there is a milder form, called subsyndromal SAD. There is also summer seasonal depression but less is known about that.In 1984, a team led by Dr. Norman Rosenthal, then a researcher at the National Institutes of Health, first described SAD. He invented the term.What causes seasonal affective disorder?Scientists are still learning the causes of seasonal affective disorder. (Q2) They have found that specialized cells in our eyes turn the blue wavelength of the light into neural, or brain signals. These signals affect mood and wakefulness, or alertness.neural adj. 神经的Sunlight has a lot of blue light. So, when the cells sense this blue light, the alertness centers of our brains turn on. We feel more alert and possibly even happier.Kathryn Roecklein is a researcher at the University of Pittsburgh. She tested people with and without SAD to see how their eyes reacted to blue light. As a group, people with SAD were less sensitive to blue light than others, especially during winter months. That suggests a cause for wintertime depression.“In the winter, when the light levels drop, that, combined with a lower sensitivity, might be too low for healthy functioning, leading to depression,” Roecklein said.Miriam Cherry is 50 years old and lives in New York state. She spent the summer planning how she would deal with her winter depression. “It’s like clockwork,” Cherry said. “The sunlight is low. The day ends at 4:45, and suddenly my mood is horrible.”clockwork n. 钟表机械Light therapy can help(Q3) Many people with SAD respond to light therapy, said Dr. Paul Desan of Yale University’s Winter Depression Research Clinic. The therapy devices give off light about 20 times brighter than regular indoor light.“The first thing is to try light,” Desan said. “When we get patients on exposure to bright light for a half an hour or so every morning, the majority of patients get dramatically better. We don’t even need medications.”There is research that supports the idea that using a light that has a brightness of about 10,000 lux can be helpful. Lux is a measurement of brightness.The research suggests that a person use it for 30 minutes every morning. Desan said this can help not only people with SAD but also those with less-severe, low moods in winter.What else might work?Experts suggest other forms of treatment. Doctors often suggest antidepressant medications as a first-line treatment for SAD. They also suggest going to bed and waking up at about the same time each day. Also, exercise such as walking outside, even on cloudy days, can help.Kelly Rohan is a researcher at the University of Vermont. Rohan said another treatment is talk therapy. Also called cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT, Rohan said it has been shown in studies to have more long-lasting effects. CBT involves working with a therapist to identify and change unhelpful thoughts.cognitive adj. 认知的“A very common thought that people have is ‘I hate winter,’” Rohan said. She suggests that people instead say, “I prefer summer to winter.”Working with a therapist can help people take small steps toward having fun again, Rohan said. Try planning undemanding but enjoyable activities to break out of a bad mood. Rohan said simply meeting a friend for coffee can help.People with SAD have half the year to create helpful methods. Some have found things that work for them — although they might not be the subject of scientific research.For example, in Folsom, California, Elizabeth Wescott says she believes a kind of water therapy helps her. The 69-year-old uses water therapy used in sports medicine. When she showers, she changes between hot and cold water. She also uses a light box and takes an antidepressant. “I’m always looking for new tools,” Wescott said.In New York, Miriam Cherry grows the earliest blooming flowers. They bloom as early as February.(Q4) “That’s going to be a sign to me that this isn’t going to last forever,” Cherry said. “It will get better, and spring is on the way.”And that’s the Health & Lifestyle report.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 【解析】细节题。根据：“As fall and winter come to some parts of the world, daylight hours grow shorter. This lack of light can cause seasonal depression.” 可知随着秋冬季节的到来，白天的时间变得越来越短，这种日光时间不足可能会引发季节性抑郁症。因此答案是C。Q2. B. 【解析】细节题。根据：“They have found that specialized cells in our eyes turn the blue wavelength of the light into neural, or brain signals. These signals affect mood and wakefulness, or alertness.” 可知眼中的特殊细胞将蓝光波长转化为神经或大脑信号，进而影响情绪和清醒度。因此答案是B。Q3. A.【解析】细节题。根据：“Many people with SAD respond to light therapy.” 文章中提及光疗对许多患有SAD的人有效，是建议的一个疗法。因此答案是A。Q4. D. 【解析】推理题。根据：“‘That’s going to be a sign to me that this isn't going to last forever,’ Cherry said. ‘It will get better, and spring is on the way.’” 可知Cherry将花作为一种信号，提醒自己这不会永远持续下去。情况会好转，冬天即将结束，春天即将来临。因此答案是D。Q5. B.【解析】主旨题。报告讨论了针对季节性情感障碍的各种治疗方法，包括光疗、药物治疗和认知行为疗法等。因此答案是B。（本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 脑震荡

脑震荡Concussion常速 | 四级 较易 | 854词 | 5min13s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What type of injury is concussion according to Dr. Tarun Dua?A. A minor skin injury.B. A type of traumatic brain injury.C. A psychological disorder.D. A temporary loss of consciousness.Q2. In which situations can concussion occur?A. Only during contact sports.B. Only when there is a direct blow to the head.C. When there is a bump, blow to the head or even to the body.D. When there is a loss of balance due to aging.Q3. What are some common symptoms of concussion?A. Headache, nausea, and loss of balance.B. Convulsions and immediate loss of consciousness.C. Sleep problems and weakness only.D. Pressure sensation and memory issues.Q4. What is one of the prevention measures for concussion mentioned by Dr. Tarun Dua?A. Assuming that concussions are not serious.B. Ignoring the home environment for potential hazards.C. Engaging in high-risk sports without protective gear.D. Wearing a helmet while riding a bicycle.Q5. What is the primary prevention strategy for concussion at home according to the conversation?A. Ensuring good lighting to avoid falls.B. Making the home environment fall-free.C. Installing safety rails in every room.D. Regularly checking for structural damage in the house.Q6. What should one do if they suspect they have a concussion?A. Wait for the symptoms to disappear.B. Ignore the incident if there is no visible injury.C. Rest for a few days and then resume normal activities.D. Seek medical help immediately.Q7. What is the main message of the conversation about concussion treatment?A. Concussions will go away on their own.B. Rest is crucial for recovery.C. Medical evaluation is not necessary.D. Long-term impacts can be ignored.Q8. What is the importance of avoiding repeat concussions?A. They can lead to long-term damage, including dementia.B. They cause immediate convulsions.C. They are more painful than the first concussion.D. They require more expensive treatments.Q9. Which group is particularly vulnerable to the long-term impacts of concussion?A. Senior citizens.B. People who work in construction.C. Children who play sports.D. Individuals who have a history of seizures.Part II. TRANSCRIPT ConcussionTranscriptVGS: It’s a wet and rainy day in Geneva but Science in 5 crew is very determined. It’s an all-women crew today. So come rain and shine, we’re going to shoot this. We’re going to talk about concussion today. If you have children who play sports or you play sports, you need to know about concussion. What is it? How will you know if you have concussion? And what can you do to prevent it? And here to talk about it today is Dr Tarun Dua. Welcome Tarun.concussion n. 脑震荡TD: Hi!VGS: Tarun, talk to us about what is concussion.TD: (Q1) So, concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury. (Q2) So, if you have a bump, blow to the head or even to the body. What happens is, the forces can lead to your brain moving and bouncing around, leading to damage to brain cells. And any activity can cause concussion. So, for example, you fall in this wet, rainy field or you are playing sports, like football, It also happens during road traffic accidents. For example, in Australia, one in five people who presented to the hospital with concussion, they had it while playing sports.traumatic adj. 外伤的VGS: So, we’ve just established that these are pretty perfect conditions for a concussion that we are filming in. But, actually, I fell down a little while ago and I was wondering if I had concussion. I didn’t know what the symptoms would be. Can you talk about that?TD: So, concussion is not something that you will see outside and the other thing is, it’s not that symptoms are going to happen immediately. They can actually also happen up to 72 hours after the injury. (Q3) So common symptoms are you will have headache or pressure sensation, nausea, feeling dizzy, loss of balance, memory, unable to focus, sleep problems. So these are very common problems. Then sometimes you have severe symptoms, like convulsions. You can have loss of consciousness or weakness or numbness and that means you need to, in any case, you need to go immediately to get any help. So, did you have any of those symptoms, Vismita?sensation n. 感觉nausea n. 恶心，反胃convulsion n. 痉挛numbness n. 麻木VGS: Well, no, I think I felt a little bit of brain fog or a little bit of confusion which is what worried me. But also, it’s about sometimes, when you take a fall you’ve also not really thought about the fact that with, as you age, you need to work on your balance better and stuff like that. So talk to us also about the prevention of concussion.TD: There are many things all of us can do. (Q4) So, for example, riding a bicycle, wear a helmet. (Q5) Home environment, make sure that your carpets and cables are not interrupting. And especially for older people, they’re very important, that we make our homes friendly and fall free as much as possible. Playing contact sports, ensure that you are wearing protective equipment, you are aware of your surroundings. So I’m looking around, the ball is not going to come and hit me. And do not take unnecessary risk. This is especially true for young people. So, these are many things that we can do to prevent concussion.helmet n. 头盔VGS: Talk about the treatment of concussion. Sometimes you hear that, ‘Oh, it’s okay, it will just go away.’ Is that true, for instance?TD: One of the things about concussion is not everyone is aware about it and so very often it goes undetected. People don’t know and they don’t go to seek medical help. (Q6) So it’s very important, that if you have had a fall, just ensure that you seek medical help. Go and show it to the doctor. That evaluation is extremely important and the second is that (Q7) you need to take rest, both physical and mental because it will help you recover quickly. (Q8) And the third thing that you need to do is avoid repeat injuries. Avoid repeat concussion because we know repeat concussions can lead to long-term damage, including dementia. dementia n. 痴呆，精神错乱VGS: That sounds very scary, especially because senior citizens will also experience, sometimes, increased falls and that can actually contribute to dementia, you said, right? Talk to us about some other long-term impacts of concussion.TD: You can have long-term memory problems, you can have long-term sleep problems. It can impact your education, learning. (Q9) I’m thinking about the young people and also, especially if you’re thinking about sports, because, you know, you’re getting it at a young age we are worried about the risk of neurocognitive issues such a dementia.VGS: We’re going to wrap up, but give our audience a few tips for how to avoid concussion.TD: Important is that wear protective equipment, you are riding a bicycle, you are playing a sport. When you are in your home, just ensure that you are keeping your carpets, your cables, so that you are not falling down on any of those surfaces and be aware of your surroundings.VGS: Thank you, Tarun. That was Science in 5, today, from a wet and rainy Geneva. Until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy and stick with science. Part III. KEYQ1. B. 【解析】细节题。根据“So, concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury.”，可知脑震荡是一种创伤性脑损伤。因此答案为B。Q2. C. 【解析】细节题。根据“So, if you have a bump, blow to the head or even to the body.”，可知如果你头部甚至身体受到撞击、击打就会引发脑震荡。因此答案为C。Q3. A. 【解析】细节题。根据“common symptoms are you will have headache or pressure sensation, nausea, feeling dizzy, loss of balance...”，可知常见的症状包括头痛或压迫感、恶心、头晕、平衡失调等。因此答案为A。Q4. D. 【解析】细节题。根据“So, for example, riding a bicycle, wear a helmet.”，可知骑自行车时要戴头盔是一种预防措施。因此答案为D。Q5. B. 【解析】细节题。根据“Home environment, make sure that your carpets and cables are not interrupting ... that we make our homes friendly and fall free as much as possible.”，可知在家庭环境方面，要确保地毯和电线不会造成阻碍，特别是对老年人来说，尤为重要，要尽可能使我们的家变得友好且无跌倒风险。因此答案为B。Q6. D. 【解析】细节题。根据“So it’s very important, that if you have had a fall, just ensure that you seek medical help.”，可知如果你摔倒了，一定要寻求医疗帮助。因此答案为D。Q7. B. 【解析】主旨题。整个对话都在讨论脑震荡的治疗和恢复，特别是在“you need to take rest, both physical and mental because it will help you recover quickly.”这句话中强调了休息对于恢复的重要性。因此答案为B。Q8. A. 【解析】细节题。根据“and the third thing that you need to do is avoid repeat injuries. Avoid repeat concussion because we know repeat concussions can lead to long-term damage, including dementia.”，可知第三件事是避免重复受伤。避免再次脑震荡，因为反复脑震荡可能导致长期损伤，包括痴呆症。因此答案为A。Q9.C. 【解析】细节题。根据“I’m thinking about the young people and also, especially if you’re thinking about sports, because, you know, you’re getting it at a young age we are worried about the risk of neurocognitive issues such a dementia.”，可知Dr. Tarun Dua想到年轻人，尤其是参与体育运动的年轻人，因为他们从很小的年纪就开始参与，他们担忧其可能会增加神经认知问题的风险，如痴呆。因此答案为C。（本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然说课

说课点评：胡笑然老师在说课环节清晰地表达了对所给文章的文本理解和基于语篇主题意义探究而开展教学的基本认识。在拿到文章后的短暂时间内，该选手对语篇进行了审读，并在此基础上快速构思了90分钟的教学设计，形成了基本的教学步骤。根据教学设计，胡老师计划选择与语篇主题相关的短视频为导入，激发学生的学习兴趣；然后以解读语篇为抓手，对语篇的主题、结构、语言、文体等方面进行分析。胡老师按照学生“学后能做”为目的，确定本课的教学目标并介绍了具体的教学步骤。她在教学设计中体现了自己的教学理念和对课文的独到见解，将课文分为三个部分，对每一部分的内容和结构进行了必要的讲解。通过解析语篇的主题，确定了语篇的中心思想，之后列举了语篇的核心概念、关键名词以及相关修饰词及其功能。胡老师将教学目标设定为学生“能做”，即能够理解语篇的主题意义，能够发现篇章结构的特征，能够与话题相同但来源不同的同类文章进行对比从而激发学生的批判性思维，能够从文章的体裁、结构、修辞等方面学习、理解和掌握语篇的关键词语，以及作者对关键概念的词语修饰和语言表达。教学设计安排了学生的小组讨论，要求学生形成有具体步骤的思维导图和概念关联，并在课堂上融入思政元素，并进行必要的陈述。最后一个环节为开放性的讨论，引导学生对不同的观点进行评论。胡老师基于丰富的教学经验和对学情的分析判断，对教学目的、教学重点、教学环节以及设计缘由作了清晰的陈述，显示了其对教学语篇的基本认识和语篇教学娴熟的驾驭能力。说课目的明确，条理清晰，设计突出主题，有一定的感染力，突出学生主体，采用活动途径，倡导体验参与，重视培养学生批判性思维和论说能力，所设计的教学环节有较好的可操作性。从整体上看，胡笑然老师有较高的人文素养和自己的教学风格，语言流畅，表述准确，知识面较广，该说课达到了较高的水准。不过胡笑然老师的时间把控不佳，说课缺乏完整性，强调篇章结构和概念理解，但忽略了教学评的一致性和一体化设计。建议她在今后的教学设计中更加重视学生在语言知识、语言技能、文化内涵、思维心智、情感态度等方面的综合发展和有效评价，积极采用探究式、任务型、交互性的教学方法，加强课外作业的安排和指导，促进学生在语言能力、人文素养、科学思维等方面的同步发展。点评专家：梅德明

第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然授课

授课点评：胡笑然老师以充分的课前准备、认真的育人态度、专业的学科素养、科学的教学方法，在限定的20分钟时间内出色地完成了所指定的授课任务，为全国高校英语专业师生呈现了一堂值得学习和反思的短课。在整个授课过程中，胡老师精神饱满，着装端庄，形象甜美，教态自然，认真专注，热情友好，充满活力，展现了良好的个人魅力，体现了青年教师的时代风貌。胡老师具有扎实的英语基本功、娴熟的课堂掌控能力和应变能力、流畅的语言表达能力；综述简洁明了，呈现单元设计、教学目标、相关活动和拟用时间；授课有明确的目标，以学生为中心，围绕单元主题和语篇意义，突出重点，聚焦难点，讲解和引导规范适切。胡老师有自己的教学理念，能运用一定的教学理论，遵循“题材—功能—活动”的教学原则，重视语言感知和信息获取，围绕单元主题展开教学，各教学步骤衔接自然。能注重培养学生的观察力、想象力和分析能力，积极帮助学生通过语篇学习，了解重要概念以及语篇作者的观念和意图，努力激发学生对语篇主题的学习兴趣，师生之间有积极的互动和良好的交流。能充分利用和发挥电子课件的辅助教学功能， PPT和嵌入视频有良好的功能性和实用性，形式与内容相吻合，体现了课件形式与课文内容、教学手段与教学目的有机关联和主从关系，发挥了现代化教学资源及手段的教学辅助作用，增强了学生对单元主题和语言表述的理解。从整体上看，胡老师的授课比较成功。授课目的明确，授课重点突出，内容讲解清晰，活动安排合理，起承转合自然，师生互动自然，课件使用得当，教学效果较好。当然，她所展示的这堂英语短课仍存在以下待改进之处：授课停留在主题词语的概念解读层面，对主题意义的挖掘不够深入；教师个人主导成分太强，讲解和提问过多，学生活动不足，活动形式比较单一；时间把握不够合理，没有时间结尾，匆忙收课，无法安排课后作业和课外活动；授课时间用于教学，缺乏对教学成效的必要评价活动，难以确定单元教学目标的达成。建议胡老师在今后的教学研究和实践中，更加重视单元设计的完整性和课堂教学的有效性，关注输入与输出、课内与课外、语篇意义与语言形式的协调，注重教学手段、过程、效果的统一，促进学生在语言知识、语用技能、心智、情感、态度等方面的综合发展和提高。点评专家：梅德明

新文科英语系列：音乐英语教程 1 Unit 4 Text B

全新版大学进阶英语系列：综合教程（第二版）第2册 Unit 4 TOP课件-Windows版（试用版）