全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程2

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程1

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程1的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程1

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

教学素材 | 人工智能会让你变笨吗？

Will AI Make You Stupid? 人工智能会让你变笨吗？难度：CET-6 偏难刘立军供稿Artificial intelligence (AI) promises greater efficiency and convenience—but is it silently weakening our ability to think? 人工智能（AI）会带来更高的效率和便利——但它是否也在悄悄削弱我们的思考能力？Early Warning Signs from Research 研究中的早期预警信号A recent MIT study raises serious concerns. Students using ChatGPT during essay-writing sessions displayed significantly reduced brain activity in regions tied to creativity and attention, as measured by EEG scans. They also struggled to recall specific parts of the content they had just written. This suggests that while AI may speed up tasks, it may also impair memory and critical engagement. 麻省理工学院最近的一项研究引发了严重担忧。研究发现，在撰写文章的过程中使用 ChatGPT 的学生，通过脑电图扫描测量的其与创造力和注意力相关的脑区活动显著减少。他们还难以回忆起自己刚刚写过的内容的具体部分。这表明，尽管人工智能可能加快任务的完成速度，但也可能损害记忆力和深度思考能力。This isn’t an isolated finding. Microsoft Research surveyed 319 professionals regularly using generative AI for over 900 tasks. Only around 60% of those tasks required deep thinking—most were routine and described as “mindless.” The majority of respondents admitted they exerted significantly less mental effort when using AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, or Copilot. 这并非孤立现象。微软研究院对319名经常使用生成式人工智能完成900多项任务的专业人士进行了调查。结果显示，只有大约60%的任务需要深入思考——大多数任务都是例行公事，被描述为“不动脑筋”的工作。大多数受访者承认，使用 ChatGPT、Gemini 或 Copilot 等 AI 工具时，他们的脑力投入明显减少。Similarly, a study by Michael Gerlich at SBS Swiss Business School found that heavy AI users scored lower on critical-thinking assessments. Hundreds of educators reached out to him afterward, confirming they’ve seen the same trend in classrooms: students increasingly dependent on AI struggle with independent reasoning. 同样，SBS 瑞士商学院Michael Gerlich博士的研究也发现，频繁使用人工智能的人在批判性思维评估中的得分较低。研究发表后，数百名教育工作者联系了他，证实他们在课堂上也观察到了类似趋势：越来越依赖 AI 的学生在独立思考方面遇到了困难。Is AI the Cause—or Just a Symptom? 是 AI 导致的，还是只是表象？Researchers caution that these studies don’t yet prove a direct causal link. The MIT study had only 54 participants, and Gerlich’s findings may reflect a different issue: perhaps those who already lack strong critical thinking skills are more likely to rely on AI. Still, the consistent pattern across different studies makes this an issue worth urgent attention. 研究人员警告说，这些研究尚未证明人工智能使用与思维能力下降之间存在直接的因果关系。麻省理工的研究仅涉及54名参与者，而 Gerlich博士的发现可能反映了另一个问题：也许那些原本缺乏批判性思维能力的人更倾向于依赖 AI。尽管如此，不同研究中一致的结果表明，这个问题值得高度关注。The Bigger Risk: Outsourcing Thought 更大的风险：外包思考Throughout history, technological tools have helped reduce mental workload—writing, calculators, GPS. But as psychologist Evan Risko notes, generative AI introduces a new level of cognitive offloading. While it’s harmless to delegate arithmetic, offloading complex thinking—like writing, decision-making, or problem-solving—could weaken our cognitive endurance over time. 纵观历史，技术工具一直在帮助人们减轻脑力负担——从文字书写、计算器到 GPS。但正如心理学家 Evan Risko 所指出的，生成式 AI 引入了一种新的“认知外包”层次。虽然将算术任务交给机器无伤大雅，但将写作、决策或解决问题等涉及复杂思考的任务外包，可能会逐渐削弱我们的认知耐力。This could lead to a self-reinforcing loop of “cognitive miserliness,” where users consistently choose the path of least effort. As AI becomes the default, our brains grow accustomed to underperforming. One participant in Gerlich’s study admitted: “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” 这可能导致一种“认知懒惰”的循环，即用户总是选择最省力的方式，且这一循环会自我强化。当 AI 成为默认选项，我们的大脑也会逐渐习惯低效运作。Gerlich博士的研究中有一位参与者坦言：“我对 AI 如此依赖，甚至我觉得没有它我都不知道怎么解决一些问题。”The Economic and Creative Cost 经济与创造力的代价Businesses are betting heavily on AI for productivity gains. But there’s a catch. Barbara Larson of Northeastern University warns that a long-term decline in critical thinking could reduce competitiveness—and make workers more replaceable. 企业正大力押注 AI 来提升生产力。但这也存在隐患。东北大学的 Barbara Larson教授警告说，长期来看，批判性思维能力的下降可能会削弱企业的竞争力，让员工更容易被取代。Creativity is also at risk. In one study, participants were asked to come up with novel uses for objects like a car tyre or a pair of trousers. Those exposed to AI suggestions gave less original answers. For example, ChatGPT proposed using trousers as part of a scarecrow—essentially, trousers as trousers. A human, unaided, turned them into a quirky bird feeder. Clearly, relying on AI can narrow the scope of imagination. 创造力也面临威胁。在一项研究中，参与者被要求想象一个汽车轮胎或一条裤子有什么新的用途。接受过 AI 建议的人给出的答案缺乏原创性。例如，ChatGPT 提议将裤子用作稻草人的一部分——本质上还是作为裤子的用途。而一个没有借助 AI 的人则将其改造成了一种有趣的鸟食器。显然，过度依赖 AI 会限制想象力的广度。Smarter Ways to Use AI 更聪明地使用 AI 的方法The solution isn’t to abandon AI—but to use it more wisely. Dr. Larson advises treating AI as a helpful but naive assistant, not an expert. Dr. Gerlich recommends prompting AI step by step, rather than asking for a final answer. Instead of “Where should I go for a sunny holiday?” start with “Which destinations have the least rainfall?” This preserves the user’s role as the thinker. 解决方案不是放弃 AI，而是更聪明地使用它。Larson 博士建议将 AI 视为一个有用但不够成熟的助手，而不是专家。Gerlich博士则建议分步骤向 AI 提问，而不是直接要一个最终答案。例如，不要问“我该去哪里度假？”而是先问“哪些地方降雨最少？”，这样可以保留用户作为思考者的角色。Microsoft researchers are also exploring AI designs that encourage critical thinking. Some experimental chatbots interrupt users with challenging prompts or probing questions—transforming them from passive answer machines into interactive thought partners. A concept that Socrates, the father of inquiry-based learning, would likely applaud. 微软的研究人员也在探索鼓励批判性思维的 AI 设计。一些实验性聊天机器人会通过带有挑战性的提示词或探究性的提问来打断用户，将自身从被动的回答机器转变为互动型的思考伙伴。这种理念或许会受到苏格拉底——探究式学习之父——的赞赏。The Limits of Forcing Engagement 强制参与的局限性Yet even thoughtful interventions can backfire. A study found that AI “provocations” reduced performance in weaker programmers. And more forceful methods—like requiring users to generate their own response before accessing AI—are unlikely to be welcomed. As Microsoft’s Zana Buçinca explains, “People don’t like to be pushed to engage.” Indeed, a global survey by Oliver Wyman showed that 47% of respondents would use generative AI tools even if banned by their employer. 然而，即使是经过深思熟虑的干预也可能适得其反。一项研究发现，AI 的“挑战性提问”反而会降低编程能力较弱者的表现。而更强制性的方法——比如要求用户在访问 AI 前必须先自行生成答案——也不太可能受欢迎。正如来自微软的Zana Buçinca 所说：“人们不喜欢被强迫去思考。”事实上，奥纬咨询公司（Oliver Wyman）的一项全球调查显示，47%的受访者即使雇主禁止，也会继续使用生成式 AI 工具。A Tool, Not a Crutch AI：工具，而非拐杖AI is still young, and for now, the human brain remains the most versatile tool we have. But we must be careful not to trade long-term mental sharpness for short-term convenience. If strong evidence continues to show that AI dulls critical and creative thinking, we’ll face a choice: adjust how we use it—or risk becoming intellectually dependent on it. 人工智能仍处于早期阶段，目前，人类大脑仍然是我们最灵活的工具。但我们必须小心，不要为了短期便利而牺牲长期的思维敏锐性。如果越来越多的证据显示 AI 确实削弱了批判性与创造性思维，我们将面临一个选择：调整使用方式——或冒着在智力上对AI愈加依赖的风险。The question is not just can AI make us less intelligent—but will we notice before it does? 问题不仅仅是 AI 是否会让人类变笨——而在于我们是否在它将我们变笨之前就能察觉到？【词汇】 1. offload v. 卸载，转移 2. miserliness n. 吝啬 3. quirky adj. 匆匆做成的，速成的 4. backfire v. 事与愿违，产生反效果 5. crutch n. 拐杖，依赖物 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？

Morning shower or evening shower: Which is best? 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？常速 | 四级 偏易 | 408词 | 3min4s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to microbiologist Primrose Freestone, what is a benefit of showering in the morning?A. It removes bacteria from bed sheets.B. It stops you shedding dead skin cells.C. It helps improve sleep quality.D. It eliminates allergens picked up during the day.Q2. What does Nancy Rothstein suggest about evening showers?A. They are necessary to remove pollen and dust.B. They are essential for preparing for bed.C. They are less effective than morning showers.D. They help maintain skin cleanliness during sleep.Q3. According to the text, what can nighttime warm showers improve?A. Skin hydration.B. Body awareness.C. Sleep quality.D. Morning freshness.Q4. What can be inferred about the choice between morning and evening showers?A. It depends on personal preference and lifestyle.B. Morning showers are scientifically proven to be better.C. Evening showers are more beneficial for physical health.D. The choice is irrelevant to maintaining cleanliness.Q5. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To explain the health benefits of evening showers.B. To discuss the impact of showering on sleep quality.C. To highlight the importance of showering daily.D. To compare the advantages of morning and evening showers.Part II. TRANSCRIPTMorning shower or evening shower: Which is best? Do you need an energizing blast of water in the morning to wake you up for the day? Or do you prefer a relaxing, warm shower in the evening to help you wind down as part of your nighttime routine? Maybe you just shower whenever you feel like it. For something so many of us do, this topic is bound to divide opinion and stir up passion from both sides. But is one really better than the other?After a long day in the outside world, picking up pollutants and allergens on your skin and in your hair such as dust and pollen, a reasonable instinct would be to wash it all off before getting into bed. That’s what the evening shower enthusiasts would say. But, says microbiologist Primrose Freestone, no matter the air temperature, you will continue to sweat during the night. Bacteria on your skin then eat the nutrients in your sweat which is what causes BO. Showering at night also doesn’t stop you shedding dead skin cells. All this means you may not wake up feeling as fresh as you had hoped. [Q1] Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. “As a microbiologist, I am a day shower advocate,” she says.allergens n. 过敏原pollen n. 花粉nutrient n. 营养物质microbiologist n. 微生物学家BO (body odor) 汗臭，体臭But it’s not all about cleanliness. Nancy Rothstein, who calls herself The Sleep Ambassador, is concerned with sleep quality. (Q2) In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. “Call it an opportunity to shower yourself with mindfulness,” she says. And research backs this up. (Q3) A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep.(Q4) What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. If you’re someone who can’t fully relax in bed until you’ve showered, you’re likely an evening shower person. Whereas, if you can’t stand the idea of putting on fresh, clean clothes in the morning when you haven’t showered, then a morning rinse is probably more your style. Whenever you choose to shower, Primrose Freestone says it’s important to clean your bed sheets regularly to remove all the sweat, bacteria and dead skin cells that build up and can negatively affect the effectiveness of your showers.rinse n. 冲洗Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. 意为：早上洗澡可以帮助去除床单上的死皮细胞、汗液或任何细菌。正确答案为A。Q2.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处：In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. 意为：在她看来，晚上洗澡是“准备就寝”过程中必不可少的一环。正确答案为B。Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处：A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep. 意为：2019年发表在《睡眠医学评论》上的一项系统性研究发现，每晚在睡前一到两个小时进行温水淋浴或沐浴可以改善睡眠。正确答案为C。Q4.【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处：What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. 意为：归根结底，这取决于你想在什么时候感觉最清爽。由此可以推断，选择早上或晚上洗澡取决于个人偏好和生活方式，因此正确答案为A。Q5.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。整篇文章主要讨论了早上洗澡和晚上洗澡的优缺点，并比较了它们的不同效果。因此正确答案为D。 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

时文选读 | Labubu：中国创新引领全球玩具潮流

Labubu：中国创新引领全球玩具潮流Labubu: A Global Toy Sensation Fueled by Chinese Innovation七级 易| 267词 刘立军供稿Part I. PassageOn July 5, 2024, a woman took a selfie with art toys at a new Pop Mart offline store in Bangkok, Thailand, showcasing the global craze for Labubu. This Chinese toy, part of Pop Mart’s ‘Monster’ intellectual property (IP), has captivated audiences worldwide with its unique charm and design.Labubu, featuring long ears and sharp teeth, challenges traditional beauty standards and has become a collector’s treasure. Cities like Los Angeles, London, Tokyo, and Bangkok see long queues for new releases, while limited editions like Singapore’s Merbubu sell out instantly.Pop Mart began its global expansion in 2018, opening its first overseas store in Seoul in 2020. By the end of 2024, the company had over 500 stores in more than 30 countries, supported by e-commerce platforms reaching 90+ nations. Notably, a mint-colored Labubu auctioned in Beijing fetched 1.08 million yuan ($150,000), highlighting its art market appeal.Pop Mart’s success stems from China’s manufacturing prowess, with Dongguan serving as a major hub. AI-driven smart manufacturing accelerates production and boosts global competitiveness. Labubu’s creator, Hong Kong artist Kasing Lung, collaborated with Pop Mart, elevating the brand from OEM to cultural innovation.Labubu’s global appeal is amplified by celebrity endorsements, including Lisa from Blackpink, Rihanna, Beckham, and Thai Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana. These endorsements have solidified Labubu’s status as a cultural phenomenon.Labubu exemplifies China’s ‘Cool Power’—the growing global appreciation of Chinese brands and culture. As China continues to innovate and expand its cultural influence, it embraces the world with openness and confidence, reinforcing its image as a modern, dynamic nation.【Vocabulary】 1. craze n. 狂热，风靡一时的事物 2. captivate v. 迷住，使着迷 3. prowess n. 高超的技艺，非凡的能力 4. hub n. 中心，枢纽 Part II. QuestionsQ1. What is one feature of Labubu that makes it unique? A. It has a mint color. B. It has long ears and sharp teeth. C. It is created entirely by AI. D. It is only available in China. Q2. What does the auction of a mint-colored Labubu in Beijing suggest about its value? A. It highlights its status as a high-value collectible. B. It reflects its affordability for average buyers. C. It indicates its declining popularity in other markets. D. It shows that limited editions are not in demand. Q3. What is the significance of Dongguan in Pop Mart’s operations? A. It serves as the headquarters for Pop Mart’s global expansion. B. It is where Labubu was first created. C. It is the primary market for Labubu sales. D. It is a key hub for AI-driven smart manufacturing. Q4. What can be inferred about the role of celebrity endorsements in Labubu’s success? A. They are the sole reason for Labubu’s global appeal. B. They help reinforce Labubu’s status as a cultural icon. C. They primarily target Chinese audiences. D. They have minimal impact on Labubu’s popularity. Q5. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Global Expansion of Pop Mart B. How AI Transformed the Toy Industry C. Labubu: A Symbol of Chinese Cultural Innovation D. Celebrity Endorsements and Their Impact on Labubu Part III. KEYQ1. 【答案】B 【解析】细节题。题目出处：Labubu, featuring long ears and sharp teeth, challenges traditional beauty standards and has become a collector's treasure. 这句话明确说明Labubu的特点是长耳朵和尖牙，因此正确答案是B。 Q2.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Notably, a mint-colored Labubu auctioned in Beijing fetched 1.08 million yuan ($150,000), highlighting its art market appeal. 这句话表明，一款薄荷色Labubu在北京拍卖并以150,000美元成交，这突显了其在艺术市场上的高价值，因此正确答案是A。 Q3. 【答案】D【解析】细节题。题目出处：Pop Mart’s success stems from China's manufacturing prowess, with Dongguan serving as a major hub. AI-driven smart manufacturing accelerates production and boosts global competitiveness. 这句话明确指出，东莞是一个主要的生产枢纽，依靠AI驱动的智能制造来提升生产效率和全球竞争力，因此正确答案是D。 Q4. 【答案】B 【解析】推理题。题目出处：Labubu’s global appeal is amplified by celebrity endorsements, including Lisa from Blackpink, Rihanna, Beckham, and Thai Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana. These endorsements have solidified Labubu’s status as a cultural phenomenon. 这句话表明，名人代言增强了Labubu的全球吸引力，并巩固了其作为文化现象的地位，因此可以推断出名人代言对Labubu的成功起到了强化文化地位的作用，因此正确答案是B。 Q5.【答案】C【解析】主旨题。题目出处为整篇文章，文章主要讨论Labubu作为中国文化创新的象征，如何通过独特的设计、智能制造和全球化战略成为一种现象。因此，正确答案是C。 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 练习听力

练习听力Practice Your Listening慢速 | 三级 偏难 | 531词 | 4min58s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is Zekeriya’s main concern about his current listening practice?A. He is memorizing the recordings instead of practicing listening.B. He finds the audio recordings too difficult.C. He does not have enough material to practice with.D. He struggles with understanding different accents.Q2. What is the main idea of the teacher’s response to Zekeriya’s question?A. Listening exercises should focus solely on repetition.B. Listening practice is unnecessary for language learning.C. Memorizing audio recordings is the best way to learn.D. There are various methods to improve listening skills.Q3. What does the teacher suggest about the level of listening material?A. It should be much easier than your current level.B. It should be slightly above your current ability.C. It should be at the same level as your speaking skills.D. It should only include familiar vocabulary.Q4. What is the purpose of transcribing audio recordings according to the teacher?A. To improve vocabulary memorization.B. To practice pronunciation.C. To notice differences between spoken and written English.D. To increase listening speed.Q5. Why does the teacher recommend listening to English spoken at different speeds?A. To help understand different dialects.B. To become accustomed to faster spoken English.C. To improve grammar skills.D. To focus on vocabulary development.Part II. TRANSCRIPTPractice Your ListeningHello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Zekeriya in Turkiye about listening to English.QuestionDear teacher,When I practice listening, I focus a lot and do a lot of repetitions. (Q1) After a while, I realized that I was actually memorizing the audio recording instead of practicing listening. How do you think I should do an ideal listening exercise?audio adj. 音频的Thank you,ZekeriyaAnswerI’m happy to answer this question, Zekeriya.(Q2) There is not one ideal listening exercise. Instead, there are several good ways to improve your listening.The repetitions you are doing can be necessary and helpful for you to understand what you hear. And repetitions likely help you remember new words and how to pronounce them. But let’s look at more ways you can practice listening. Listening methods(Q3) First, try to find listening material that is just a bit above your ability. This will help you learn new words without making it too difficult for you.It is best to listen to English material that has words written either in captions or in the body text, such as a VOA Learning English article. This will help check your listening.caption n. 字幕You can test yourself by first listening to parts of the audio without reading the words. Note the main ideas and the things you clearly understood. Then, listen to it again and try to understand more details. This is when you can do shorter repetitions. Next, you can check how much you understood by reading the words as you listen to the audio again.TranscribingOne of the best ways to practice listening is by writing every word you hear. This is called transcribing. Even with audio examples as short as one minute, you can learn a lot of English using this method. (Q4) For example, if you are transcribing an interview, you might notice differences between spoken English and written English.transcribe v. 转录，抄写By transcribing, you can notice and learn new expressions, grammar rules and spelling. This method also helps make new words stay in your memory when you read them. That is because you are discovering the answer to a problem you have already tried to solve through listening.Other tips(Q5) Try listening to English spoken at different speeds. Over time, you can follow spoken English at a faster speed. Many videos online let you increase or decrease the speed of playback.Practice listening to English spoken in different foreign accents. This is a useful skill because English is spoken in so many places around the world.accent n. 口音Center your listening on specific sounds or grammatical points. For example, preposition use in English can be difficult. Try listening for prepositions and the words they connect with. This can help you use them correctly in your speaking and writing.Remember that, like any skill, you can improve listening by practicing often and having detailed plans for the methods you will use.For our readers and listeners, what are your questions about American English? We’d like to hear from you. Send us an email at learningenglish@voanews.com. And please include where you are from in your email, too.And that’s Ask a Teacher.Part III. KEYQ1. A. 【解析】细节题。根据：“After a while, I realized that I was actually memorizing the audio recording instead of practicing listening.” 可知Zekeriya主要担心的是自己的练习变成记忆录音，而非练习听力。因此答案是A。Q2. D. 【解析】主旨题。根据：“There is not one ideal listening exercise. Instead, there are several good ways to improve your listening.”可知没有一种完美的听力练习方式。相反，有几种提高听力的好方法。因此答案是D。Q3. B. 【解析】细节题。根据：“First, try to find listening material that is just a bit above your ability.” 可知老师建议尝试难度稍微高于当前能力的听力材料。因此答案是B。Q4. C. 【解析】细节题。根据：“For example, if you are transcribing an interview, you might notice differences between spoken English and written English.” 可知在转录一段采访时，你可能会注意到英语口语和书面语之间的差异。因此答案是C。Q5. B. 【解析】推理题。根据：“Try listening to English spoken at different speeds. Over time, you can follow spoken English at a faster speed.” 可知尝试以不同速度听英语。随着时间的推移，你可以跟上更快的语速。因此答案是B。（本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？

Morning shower or evening shower: Which is best? 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？常速 | 四级 偏易 | 408词 | 3min4s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to microbiologist Primrose Freestone, what is a benefit of showering in the morning?A. It removes bacteria from bed sheets.B. It stops you shedding dead skin cells.C. It helps improve sleep quality.D. It eliminates allergens picked up during the day.Q2. What does Nancy Rothstein suggest about evening showers?A. They are necessary to remove pollen and dust.B. They are essential for preparing for bed.C. They are less effective than morning showers.D. They help maintain skin cleanliness during sleep.Q3. According to the text, what can nighttime warm showers improve?A. Skin hydration.B. Body awareness.C. Sleep quality.D. Morning freshness.Q4. What can be inferred about the choice between morning and evening showers?A. It depends on personal preference and lifestyle.B. Morning showers are scientifically proven to be better.C. Evening showers are more beneficial for physical health.D. The choice is irrelevant to maintaining cleanliness.Q5. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To explain the health benefits of evening showers.B. To discuss the impact of showering on sleep quality.C. To highlight the importance of showering daily.D. To compare the advantages of morning and evening showers.Part II. TRANSCRIPTMorning shower or evening shower: Which is best? Do you need an energizing blast of water in the morning to wake you up for the day? Or do you prefer a relaxing, warm shower in the evening to help you wind down as part of your nighttime routine? Maybe you just shower whenever you feel like it. For something so many of us do, this topic is bound to divide opinion and stir up passion from both sides. But is one really better than the other?After a long day in the outside world, picking up pollutants and allergens on your skin and in your hair such as dust and pollen, a reasonable instinct would be to wash it all off before getting into bed. That’s what the evening shower enthusiasts would say. But, says microbiologist Primrose Freestone, no matter the air temperature, you will continue to sweat during the night. Bacteria on your skin then eat the nutrients in your sweat which is what causes BO. Showering at night also doesn’t stop you shedding dead skin cells. All this means you may not wake up feeling as fresh as you had hoped. [Q1] Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. “As a microbiologist, I am a day shower advocate,” she says.allergens n. 过敏原pollen n. 花粉nutrient n. 营养物质microbiologist n. 微生物学家BO (body odor) 汗臭，体臭But it’s not all about cleanliness. Nancy Rothstein, who calls herself The Sleep Ambassador, is concerned with sleep quality. (Q2) In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. “Call it an opportunity to shower yourself with mindfulness,” she says. And research backs this up. (Q3) A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep.(Q4) What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. If you’re someone who can’t fully relax in bed until you’ve showered, you’re likely an evening shower person. Whereas, if you can’t stand the idea of putting on fresh, clean clothes in the morning when you haven’t showered, then a morning rinse is probably more your style. Whenever you choose to shower, Primrose Freestone says it’s important to clean your bed sheets regularly to remove all the sweat, bacteria and dead skin cells that build up and can negatively affect the effectiveness of your showers.rinse n. 冲洗Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. 意为：早上洗澡可以帮助去除床单上的死皮细胞、汗液或任何细菌。正确答案为A。Q2.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处：In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. 意为：在她看来，晚上洗澡是“准备就寝”过程中必不可少的一环。正确答案为B。Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处：A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep. 意为：2019年发表在《睡眠医学评论》上的一项系统性研究发现，每晚在睡前一到两个小时进行温水淋浴或沐浴可以改善睡眠。正确答案为C。Q4.【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处：What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. 意为：归根结底，这取决于你想在什么时候感觉最清爽。由此可以推断，选择早上或晚上洗澡取决于个人偏好和生活方式，因此正确答案为A。Q5.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。整篇文章主要讨论了早上洗澡和晚上洗澡的优缺点，并比较了它们的不同效果。因此正确答案为D。 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 用英语思考

VOA慢速：用英语思考Thinking in English慢速| 三级 偏难 | 541词 | 5min4s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is the main question Hoang asks the teacher?A. How to translate English sentences faster.B. How to think in English more quickly.C. How to memorize English vocabulary.D. How to write essays in English.Q2. According to the teacher, why is it difficult to explain how to think in a foreign language?A. Because it requires understanding complex grammar rules.B. Because it involves the relationship between thoughts and language.C. Because it needs extensive vocabulary memorization.D. Because it is only achievable by native speakers.Q3. What makes the response to simple greetings in a foreign language automatic?A. Memorizing the responses.B. Using translation devices.C. Frequent repetition and familiarity.D. Writing them down beforehand.Q4. What is the main idea of the teacher’s advice to Hoang?A. Thinking in English requires living in an English-speaking country.B. Thinking in English is primarily about vocabulary memorization.C. Thinking in English is only possible for advanced learners.D. Thinking in English involves practice and familiarity with language patterns.Q5. What can help make the first conversation feel like the second conversation according to the teacher?A. Planning and practicing in advance.B. Using simpler vocabulary.C. Avoiding difficult topics.D. Speaking more slowly.Part II. TRANSCRIPTThinking in EnglishHello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Hoang in Vietnam about how to think in English.QuestionDear Teacher,People say that to speak English fluently, you need to think in English. (Q1) So how can I think in English faster? When I talk with foreigners...with the first conversation, I talk very slowly and the remaining time I use for thinking. And with the second conversation (because I’ve been talking before), I feel natural and I speak more fluently.So how can I be fluent like the second conversation when I’m having the first conversation?fluent adj. 流利的，流畅的Thank you, HoangAnswerI’m happy to answer this question, Hoang.It can be difficult to fully explain how to think in a foreign language. (Q2) That is because the explanation asks us to consider the relationship between thoughts and the language we use to express them.However, we can still notice what happens when we think in a foreign language. And we can compare it to times when we have to pause and translate from our native language.pause v. 暂停native adj. 本国的Consider what happens when you exchange simple greetings, questions, and answers in a foreign language. If someone asks you in English, “How are you today?” you can probably answer without pausing or translating from your native language. For example, you can quickly reply, “I’m fine, thank you. And how are you?”exchange n. 交流This example shows us the basic things we need for thinking in a foreign language. In this situation, you know all the words you need to say. You don’t need to stop and think about the grammar. (Q3) And you have heard and said these phrases so many times that your response is automatic.phrase n. 短语response n. 反应automatic adj. 自动的The reason the second conversation you talk about feels more natural is because you have already heard and used some of the vocabulary and grammar you need. (Q4) So, for any subject you want to discuss, you will be able to think in English after you have learned and practiced what you need to say many times.Steps for thinking in EnglishHere are some suggestions for learning to think in English:Choose a subject you are interested in discussing. Then, imagine you are speaking with another person. How easily and quickly can your mind find the vocabulary and grammar you need? Note when you need to pause to find vocabulary or think about grammar. Next, learn the vocabulary and grammar and then practice using them several times. Repeat the words until they become automatic.(Q5) If you can plan ahead and practice in your mind what you will likely talk about, then your first conversation might feel easier and similar to a second conversation.You can find more advice for thinking in English in our Education Tips article, “Train Your Brain to Think in English.”Keep in mind that, to think in English, you need to read, listen to, and speak as much English as possible. This will help your mind use English more easily.For our readers and listeners, what are your questions about American English? We’d like to hear from you. Send us an email at learningenglish@voanews.com. And please include where you are from in your email, too.And that’s Ask a Teacher.Part III. KEYQ1. B. 【解析】细节题。根据：“So how can I think in English faster?” 可知他的问题是如何能更快地用英语思考。因此答案是B。Q2. B. 【解析】细节题。根据：“That is because the explanation asks us to consider the relationship between thoughts and the language we use to express them.” 可知这是因为解释这个问题要求我们考虑思想与用来表达它们的语言之间的关系。因此答案是B。Q3. C. 【解析】细节题。根据：“And you have heard and said these phrases so many times that your response is automatic.”可知对于简单问候，我们已经听过并说过这些短语很多次，以至于回应变得自动化，这说明频繁重复和熟悉度是关键。因此答案是C。Q4. D. 【解析】主旨题。根据整体回答的总结：“So, for any subject you want to discuss, you will be able to think in English after you have learned and practiced what you need to say many times.” 可知对于任何你想讨论的话题，在你学习并多次练习所需表达后，你将能够用英语思考，也就是说用英语思考需要练习和对语言模式的熟悉。因此答案是D。Q5. A. 【解析】推理题。根据：“If you can plan ahead and practice in your mind what you will likely talk about, then your first conversation might feel easier and similar to a second conversation.” 可知如果能提前计划并在脑海中练习可能会谈论的内容，那么第一次对话可能会像第二次一样轻松。因此答案是A。（本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然说课

说课点评：胡笑然老师在说课环节清晰地表达了对所给文章的文本理解和基于语篇主题意义探究而开展教学的基本认识。在拿到文章后的短暂时间内，该选手对语篇进行了审读，并在此基础上快速构思了90分钟的教学设计，形成了基本的教学步骤。根据教学设计，胡老师计划选择与语篇主题相关的短视频为导入，激发学生的学习兴趣；然后以解读语篇为抓手，对语篇的主题、结构、语言、文体等方面进行分析。胡老师按照学生“学后能做”为目的，确定本课的教学目标并介绍了具体的教学步骤。她在教学设计中体现了自己的教学理念和对课文的独到见解，将课文分为三个部分，对每一部分的内容和结构进行了必要的讲解。通过解析语篇的主题，确定了语篇的中心思想，之后列举了语篇的核心概念、关键名词以及相关修饰词及其功能。胡老师将教学目标设定为学生“能做”，即能够理解语篇的主题意义，能够发现篇章结构的特征，能够与话题相同但来源不同的同类文章进行对比从而激发学生的批判性思维，能够从文章的体裁、结构、修辞等方面学习、理解和掌握语篇的关键词语，以及作者对关键概念的词语修饰和语言表达。教学设计安排了学生的小组讨论，要求学生形成有具体步骤的思维导图和概念关联，并在课堂上融入思政元素，并进行必要的陈述。最后一个环节为开放性的讨论，引导学生对不同的观点进行评论。胡老师基于丰富的教学经验和对学情的分析判断，对教学目的、教学重点、教学环节以及设计缘由作了清晰的陈述，显示了其对教学语篇的基本认识和语篇教学娴熟的驾驭能力。说课目的明确，条理清晰，设计突出主题，有一定的感染力，突出学生主体，采用活动途径，倡导体验参与，重视培养学生批判性思维和论说能力，所设计的教学环节有较好的可操作性。从整体上看，胡笑然老师有较高的人文素养和自己的教学风格，语言流畅，表述准确，知识面较广，该说课达到了较高的水准。不过胡笑然老师的时间把控不佳，说课缺乏完整性，强调篇章结构和概念理解，但忽略了教学评的一致性和一体化设计。建议她在今后的教学设计中更加重视学生在语言知识、语言技能、文化内涵、思维心智、情感态度等方面的综合发展和有效评价，积极采用探究式、任务型、交互性的教学方法，加强课外作业的安排和指导，促进学生在语言能力、人文素养、科学思维等方面的同步发展。点评专家：梅德明

第12届教学大赛商务英语组特等奖潘紫萌授课

授课点评：潘紫萌老师在本次大赛中与来自全国各地的商务英语优秀教师展开激烈角逐，在教学理念、教学方法、课堂设计、英语素质、商务知识、教姿教态、师生互动等方面的表现都较突出，最后以总分第一荣获特等奖。潘老师以准确的英语发音先声夺人，丰富的表达方式、适中的语调语速和端庄的教姿教态也令人印象深刻。在课程设计环节，为实现其教学目标，她选择business ethics作为主题，介绍了教学目标、学生特征、以学生为中心和以产出为导向的教学理念，以及线上线下结合、传统和高科技媒体结合等丰富多彩的教学方式。这份介绍全面立体但简明扼要，为后面的演示（demo）课提供了一个很好的支撑。由于大赛的授课时间有限，潘老师突出重点，在演示课上只展示教学方案的第三步，即participatory learning 1 和 post assessment 1。她采用BOPPPS（bridge in, objectives, pre-assessment, participatory learning, post assessment, summary）模型，通过德国大众汽车减排作假、中国支付宝公益植树项目等案例，教学目标涵盖商务英语知识、技能、以及相关的伦理和价值观等。在短短的十几分钟里要达到这么多项教学目标绝非易事。潘老师通过一系列的短视频、多种教学方法（如听力填空、案例讨论、汉译英、样本对话补正等）以及活泼的师生互动，较好地实现了教学目标，显示出选手突出的课堂组织能力。商务英语教学起源于英美等国，因此基本使用本国素材、讲本国故事。传入中国后，主要使用外国素材、讲外国故事。令人欣喜的是，潘老师注意突出中国特色，多次引用中国案例，讲授中国故事，传播中国价值观。加上她出色的英语基本功和良好的师生互动，使得教学过程十分流畅，也没有不同文化同场展示的违和感。总而言之，潘紫萌老师在授课环节的各方面表现都很优秀。不足之处当然也有。首先， 8’13’’开始的讨论过于仓促，只有18秒， 8’31’’就结束了。由于讨论不充分，在随后的问答环节中，更多的回答似乎来自老师而不是学生。第二个是要增加教学过程的自然自发 (spontaneity)。不知是因为课前多次排练还是老师特意要求，学生的产出只有一次对话（17’40’’）相对自然，其他的多次回答虽准确无误，但都像中国小学生朗读课文或回答问题，语音、语调、语速都过于整齐合一，这不利于培养学生的英语实际表达能力。点评专家：陈准民

新文科英语系列：音乐英语教程 1 Unit 4 Text B

新世纪大学英语系列教材：综合教程（第3版）第4册 Unit 2 PPT课件（试用版）