全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程1

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程3

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程3的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程2（思政智慧版）

新闻听力 | 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？

Morning shower or evening shower: Which is best? 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？常速 | 四级 偏易 | 408词 | 3min4s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to microbiologist Primrose Freestone, what is a benefit of showering in the morning?A. It removes bacteria from bed sheets.B. It stops you shedding dead skin cells.C. It helps improve sleep quality.D. It eliminates allergens picked up during the day.Q2. What does Nancy Rothstein suggest about evening showers?A. They are necessary to remove pollen and dust.B. They are essential for preparing for bed.C. They are less effective than morning showers.D. They help maintain skin cleanliness during sleep.Q3. According to the text, what can nighttime warm showers improve?A. Skin hydration.B. Body awareness.C. Sleep quality.D. Morning freshness.Q4. What can be inferred about the choice between morning and evening showers?A. It depends on personal preference and lifestyle.B. Morning showers are scientifically proven to be better.C. Evening showers are more beneficial for physical health.D. The choice is irrelevant to maintaining cleanliness.Q5. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To explain the health benefits of evening showers.B. To discuss the impact of showering on sleep quality.C. To highlight the importance of showering daily.D. To compare the advantages of morning and evening showers.Part II. TRANSCRIPTMorning shower or evening shower: Which is best? Do you need an energizing blast of water in the morning to wake you up for the day? Or do you prefer a relaxing, warm shower in the evening to help you wind down as part of your nighttime routine? Maybe you just shower whenever you feel like it. For something so many of us do, this topic is bound to divide opinion and stir up passion from both sides. But is one really better than the other?After a long day in the outside world, picking up pollutants and allergens on your skin and in your hair such as dust and pollen, a reasonable instinct would be to wash it all off before getting into bed. That’s what the evening shower enthusiasts would say. But, says microbiologist Primrose Freestone, no matter the air temperature, you will continue to sweat during the night. Bacteria on your skin then eat the nutrients in your sweat which is what causes BO. Showering at night also doesn’t stop you shedding dead skin cells. All this means you may not wake up feeling as fresh as you had hoped. [Q1] Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. “As a microbiologist, I am a day shower advocate,” she says.allergens n. 过敏原pollen n. 花粉nutrient n. 营养物质microbiologist n. 微生物学家BO (body odor) 汗臭，体臭But it’s not all about cleanliness. Nancy Rothstein, who calls herself The Sleep Ambassador, is concerned with sleep quality. (Q2) In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. “Call it an opportunity to shower yourself with mindfulness,” she says. And research backs this up. (Q3) A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep.(Q4) What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. If you’re someone who can’t fully relax in bed until you’ve showered, you’re likely an evening shower person. Whereas, if you can’t stand the idea of putting on fresh, clean clothes in the morning when you haven’t showered, then a morning rinse is probably more your style. Whenever you choose to shower, Primrose Freestone says it’s important to clean your bed sheets regularly to remove all the sweat, bacteria and dead skin cells that build up and can negatively affect the effectiveness of your showers.rinse n. 冲洗Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. 意为：早上洗澡可以帮助去除床单上的死皮细胞、汗液或任何细菌。正确答案为A。Q2.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处：In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. 意为：在她看来，晚上洗澡是“准备就寝”过程中必不可少的一环。正确答案为B。Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处：A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep. 意为：2019年发表在《睡眠医学评论》上的一项系统性研究发现，每晚在睡前一到两个小时进行温水淋浴或沐浴可以改善睡眠。正确答案为C。Q4.【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处：What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. 意为：归根结底，这取决于你想在什么时候感觉最清爽。由此可以推断，选择早上或晚上洗澡取决于个人偏好和生活方式，因此正确答案为A。Q5.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。整篇文章主要讨论了早上洗澡和晚上洗澡的优缺点，并比较了它们的不同效果。因此正确答案为D。 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

教学素材 | 《卫报》评论：莫让AI掩盖青年才俊的光芒

《卫报》评论：莫让AI掩盖青年才俊的光芒The Guardian view on the graduate jobs crunch: AI must not be allowed to eclipse young talent 词汇：考研 | 句法：六级 | 文本：考研刘立军供稿As annual degree ceremonies take place on campuses across the country, new graduates will doubtless be turning their thoughts to enjoying some stress-free time off. Given the current state of the labor market, some may be forced to make that break a long one. 随着全国各地高校陆续举行一年一度的毕业典礼，新一届毕业生无疑会想着享受一段轻松无忧的假期。然而，鉴于当前就业市场的严峻形势，有些人可能不得不把这段空档期拉得很长。For university leavers, these are worrying times. A mounting pile of data suggests that accessing the kind of entry-level jobs that traditionally put degree holders on a path to professional success is becoming ever harder. One report published last month by the job-search site Indeed found that the market for young people fresh out of university is tougher than at any time since 2018. Compared with last year, the number of jobs advertised for recent graduates is down 33%. 对于即将走出大学校门的年轻人来说，这是个令人焦虑的时期。越来越多的数据表明，进入那些传统上为大学毕业生铺就职业成功之路的入门级岗位，正变得越来越困难。求职网站Indeed 上个月发布的一份报告显示，应届毕业生所面临的就业市场比自2018年以来任何时期都要严峻。与去年相比，面向应届毕业生的职位数量下降了33%。Some of the squeeze can be put down to a general slowdown in hiring, as employers opt for caution in an unpredictable, growth-starved economic climate. Another analysis, published this week, found that the number of entry-level jobs on offer throughout the labour market has fallen. But the steepest drop-off appears to be in professional occupations, where the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) may be beginning to affect the bottom rungs of the white-collar career ladder. 部分原因是整体招聘活动放缓，雇主们在经济前景不明朗、增长乏力的环境下选择谨慎行事。本周发布的另一项分析也发现，整个劳动力市场上提供的入门级岗位数量有所减少。但降幅最显著的领域似乎集中在专业岗位。在这类岗位中，人工智能（AI）的影响可能已开始波及白领职业阶梯的最底层。According to some analysts, a growing number of companies are using AI to perform many of the collative, summarizing or research-heavy kind of tasks that young graduates might previously have done. IBM’s human resources department now deploys AI to perform 94% of routine tasks, including performance reviews and development plans. Other employers may be hiring fewer graduates than in the past on the assumption that the use of AI will transform their productivity. 一些分析人士指出，越来越多的公司正在使用人工智能来完成许多原本由年轻毕业生承担的工作任务，比如资料整理、总结归纳或研究密集型工作。例如，IBM 的人力资源部门现在利用人工智能完成了94%的常规性任务，包括绩效评估和发展计划制定。其他雇主也可能因预期人工智能能提高效率而减少了对毕业生的招聘。For a graduate cohort whose education was blighted by the pandemic, and which is burdened by an average student debt of about £45,000, such developments risk stunting careers before they have begun. Recruitment systems are steadily being transformed through the introduction of AI-driven sifting processes, in which applications are rejected without a human judgment being made. A sustained contraction of the graduate job market, as pathways into professional careers are shortsightedly shut down in the name of cost savings, would further undermine trust between the generations at a time when it is already in short supply. 对于那些学业受到疫情影响、平均背负约4.5万英镑学生债务的毕业生而言，这样的趋势可能会在职业生涯尚未起步时就造成阻碍。与此同时，招聘系统也在悄然发生变化，越来越多的企业采用基于人工智能的筛选机制，导致许多职位申请在缺乏人工判断的情况下就被直接回绝。如果企业在追求节约成本的过程中，盲目关闭通往专业岗位的通道，加之毕业生就业市场持续萎缩，只会进一步削弱本已脆弱的代际信任。The technology minister, Peter Kyle, has urged businesses and employees to “act now” in gaining AI skills or risk being left behind, and the government hopes to collaborate with tech companies to deliver training to 7.5 million workers. But a focus on those hoping to enter the digitized workplace is also clearly needed. The evidence that entry-level jobs in areas such as law, finance and consulting are becoming scarcer should set alarm bells ringing in both government and boardrooms. 科技大臣彼得·凯尔敦促企业和员工“立即行动”，掌握人工智能相关技能，否则将被时代抛弃。政府也希望与科技公司合作，为750万名工人提供培训。然而，我们显然也需要特别关注那些即将进入数字化职场的年轻人。法律、金融和咨询等领域的入门岗位日益稀缺，这一趋势应该引起政府和企业高层的高度警觉。Politically and economically, the country cannot afford to waste the acquired skills, creativity and dynamism of those who have actually come of age in the digitized world. That may mean companies eventually reimagining the spectrum of early career opportunities that can be offered to recent graduates. But business and government should make it a priority to ensure that they are given the openings and encouragement they need in a rapidly transforming environment. Innovations such as ChatGPT have become embedded in everyday life at vertiginous speed. But their benefits must not come at the expense of the young talent that will be crucial to shaping our future. 从政治和经济层面来看，国家承担不起浪费这部分人才潜能的代价——他们是真正在数字化时代成长起来的群体，拥有已习得的专业技能、创新能力与活力。这意味着企业最终需要重新思考并拓展面向应届毕业生的早期职业机会。政府和企业必须优先确保这些年轻人能够在快速变革的环境中获得应有的机会和激励。像 ChatGPT 这样的创新技术已经以惊人的速度融入日常生活。但它们带来的便利，绝不应以牺牲未来塑造者——年轻人才的利益为代价。【词汇】1. rung n. 梯级，等级 2. cohort n. 群体，同龄人 3. pandemic n. 大流行病 4. stunt v. 阻碍 5. contraction n. 收缩，缩减 6. digitize v. 数字化 7. dynamism n. 活力，动力 8. vertiginous adj. 令人眩晕的，陡峭的 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 回家不换鞋有哪些危害？

Outdoor shoes in the house: What are the dangers? 回家不换鞋有哪些危害？常速 | 六级 中等| 350词 | 2min8s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to the research review, what is a major concern regarding shoe soles?A. They contain visible urban dust and mud.B. They may carry dangerous bacteria leading to illness.C. They are often made of harmful chemicals.D. They can cause allergies in children under five.Q2. What negative effects can be caused by exposure to pesticides and herbicides brought in by shoes?A. Headaches, dizziness, nausea and vomiting.B. Respiratory issues and hay fever.C. Developing immune system problems in children.D. Muscle weakness and balance issues.Q3. What benefit of walking barefoot is mentioned in the text?A. It prevents allergies caused by pollen.B. It enhances respiratory health.C. It reduces exposure to harmful bacteria.D. It improves balance and muscle stability.Q4. What can be inferred about cultures with a shoe-free home policy?A. They prioritize aesthetics over hygiene.B. Their practices are supported by scientific evidence.C. They are less likely to suffer from respiratory issues.D. Their social norms are ambiguous and inconsistent.Q5. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To explain the health benefits of walking barefoot.B. To discuss the cultural differences in shoe removal practices.C. To highlight the dangers of wearing outdoor shoes indoors.D. To provide tips on maintaining household cleanliness.Part II. TRANSCRIPTOutdoor shoes in the house: What are the dangers? “Welcome! Shoes off please.” In many Asian countries, removing shoes when you enter someone’s home is expected – it shows respect and ensures cleanliness. In other places, such as the UK, however, the social norms are more ambiguous. Some Brits might have a strict “shoes off” rule, while others may be squeamish about seeing others’ socks or bare feet. What do the scientists say?squeamish adj. 易感到不适的，易受惊的If you remove your shoes at the door for cleanliness, you’re probably thinking about the visible dirt – urban dust, mud and grass that has hitched a ride from the outside world on the sole of your shoe. But the real problems are microscopic. (Q1) A review of research called ‘Shoe soles as a potential vector for pathogen transmission’ found a high prevalence of dangerous bacteria on shoe soles, which could lead to illness. Children under five are particularly at risk because of their closeness to the floor and developing immune systems.sole n. 鞋底vector n. 传播媒介，载体pathogen n. 病原体 Germs aside, shoe soles can also bring in nasty chemicals like pesticides and herbicides, (Q2) exposure to which can cause headaches, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, according to a study by Muhammad Sarwar, published in Cogent Medicine. Allergens such as pollen can also enter your home via your shoes, which can be a big issue if you suffer with hay fever or have respiratory issues. Isn’t your home meant to be a safe haven?herbicide n. 除草剂allergen n. 过敏原pollen n. 花粉hay fever 花粉病But it’s not just about hygiene. (Q3) Going shoeless can improve things such as balance, body awareness and strength and stability in your muscles, according to a medically reviewed article called ‘Does Walking Barefoot Have Health Benefits?’. “In theory, walking barefoot more closely restores our ‘natural’ walking pattern, also known as our gait,” explains foot and ankle specialist Jonathan Kaplan.gait n. 步态，步法(Q4) In cultures where a shoe-free home is the norm, the reasons are backed by science. And in places where the rules are less clear, maybe it’s time to think about leaving our outdoor shoes at the threshold. There’s an old African proverb that states “When you leave your shoes at the doorstep, you leave your troubles behind.”Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处：A review of research called ‘Shoe soles as a potential vector for pathogen transmission’ found a high prevalence of dangerous bacteria on shoe soles, which could lead to illness. 意为：一项名为“鞋底作为病原体传播潜在载体”的研究发现，鞋底上存在大量危险细菌，这可能导致疾病。正确答案为B。Q2.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Exposure to which can cause headaches, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, according to a study by Muhammad Sarwar, published in Cogent Medicine. 意为：根据Muhammad Sarwar发表在Cogent Medicine上的研究，接触这些化学物质可能导致头痛、头晕、恶心和呕吐。正确答案为A。Q3.【答案】D【解析】细节题。题目出处：Going shoeless can improve things such as balance, body awareness and strength and stability in your muscles. 意为：不穿鞋可以改善平衡、身体意识以及肌肉的力量和稳定性。正确答案为D。Q4.【答案】B【解析】推理题。题目出处：In cultures where a shoe-free home is the norm, the reasons are backed by science. 意为：在家中不穿鞋成为习惯的文化中，这些原因得到了科学的支持。由此可以推断，这些文化的规定是基于科学证据的，因此正确答案为B。Q5.【答案】C【解析】主旨题。整篇文章主要讨论了室内穿户外鞋的危害，包括细菌传播、化学物质暴露和过敏原问题。因此正确答案为C。（本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 蛇咬生存秘籍

WHO新闻：蛇咬生存秘籍Snakebites: Life saving facts常速 | 四级 较难 | 952词 | 5min47s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to the conversation, who is most vulnerable to snakebites?A. Farmers and cow herders.B. Children and adults in rural communities.C. People living in urban areas.D. School children and their parents.Q2. What is the main concern of the WHO regarding snakebites?A. The number of people bitten by snakes each year.B. The high mortality rate associated with snakebites.C. The lack of awareness about snakebite prevention.D. The global impact of snakebites on public health.Q3. What is the global average number of snakebite fatalities per year?A. Between 81,000 and 138,000.B. Approximately 2.7 million.C. About 4 per minute.D. Less than 10,000.Q4. What is the common misconception about snakebite treatment mentioned in the conversation?A. Applying a tourniquet can save a limb.B. Sucking the venom out and spitting it can be helpful.C. Cutting the wound is an effective first aid measure.D. None of the above.Q5. Why is it advised to sleep on a bed off the ground with a mosquito net?A. To prevent malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases.B. To avoid tripping over snakes in the dark.C. To reduce the risk of snakebites while sleeping.D. To ensure good hygiene.Q6. What is the recommended action if you encounter a snake during the day?A. Try to catch and kill it.B. Inform an adult immediately.C. Suck the venom out if bitten.D. Leave it alone and avoid contact.Q7. Why is it dangerous to suck the venom out of a snakebite?A. It can cause the person sucking the venom to be bitten as well.B. It can lead to the loss of the limb.C. It can cause the victim to choke on food or drink.D. It can result in the need for an amputation.Q8. What should you do if someone is bitten by a snake and starts to feel sick?A. Give them food or drink to help them feel better.B. Remove any tight objects from the area of the bite.C. Apply electric shocks as a form of treatment.D. Lay them on their back to rest.Q9. What is the recommended position for a person who has been bitten by a snake while they are being transported to a healthcare facility?A. Laying on their back.B. Sitting upright.C. On their left side in the recovery position.D. Standing or walking.Q10. What is the WHO’s role in addressing the snakebite issue?A. To provide antivenom drugs to all countries.B. To identify the best antivenom products and provide technical guidance.C. To train people in first aid for snakebites.D. To create awareness about the dangers of traditional snakebite remedies.Part II. TRANSCRIPTSnakebites: Life saving factsTranscriptVGS: Growing up in India, (Q4-1) we even saw it in movies that if you’re bitten by a snake, you should suck the venom out and spit it out. Does this work?venom n. 毒液DW: If you’re sucking the venom out, you can end up with two people being bitten by the snake and not just one.VGS: We are talking about snakebites today. Why should you be concerned? Because one person dies every four minutes across the world because of snakebites. Here to talk about it today is Dr David Williams. Welcome David, talk to us about the scenarios where people are being bitten by snakes.DW: Okay, well, look, (Q1) the average person who gets bitten by a snake is an ordinary individual. They could be a farmer, a cow herder, a school child, mum, dad, somebody coming from a rural community usually, in Asia, Africa, Latin America or somewhere like New Guinea. And these are people who are just going about their day, and they make a simple mistake that leads to them being bitten.VGS: David, how big is this problem and why is WHO concerned about it? DW: Well, (Q2) snakebites are a really important public health issue. (Q3) There’s about 2.7 million people who are bitten by snakes every year. And between 81,000 and 138,000 of them lose their lives.VGS: Can snakebites be prevented? What can we do to make sure we’re safe from snakes?DW: Well, you know, the old adage is that prevention is better than the cure. Avoiding situations where snakebites can happen doesn’t cost you anything, and really just involves doing things that are common sense that can lower your risk of contact with a snake in the first place. And it’s really important that if you go outside at night, have some sort of light, whether it’s a torch, even inside the home, don’t stumble around in the dark and tread on a snake that you don’t see. Turn a light on. If you sleep on a bed that’s off the ground covered with a well tucked in mosquito net. It doesn’t just prevent malaria and other mosquito borne diseases. (Q5) It’s been proven in countries like Nepal to reduce the risk of snakebite while sleeping enormously. And probably the most important thing. Children are really vulnerable to snakebites. So, you have to talk to them, educate them, (Q6) make sure they know to leave snakes alone, not try to catch and kill them, and teach them that if they see a snake, they should inform an adult straightaway.adage n. 格言，谚语malaria n. 疟疾，瘴气Nepal n. 尼泊尔（南亚国家名）straightaway adv. 立刻，直接地VGS: So, David growing up in India we heard and even saw it in movies that when you are bitten by a snake you should tie that part and cut that wound even suck the venom out and spit it out. It sounds dangerous. What does science say about this? What should people do when bitten by a snake?DW: Okay, so the thing about movies is that they’re fiction. And the hero and the heroine are never allowed to die. Unfortunately, (Q4-2) those techniques in real life, it’s not just that they don’t work. It’s also that they can be very dangerous. A tourniquet applied too tight can cost you your leg, can end up having to be amputated. (Q7) If you’re sucking the venom out, and you have poor dental hygiene, you can end up with two people being bitten by the snake and not just one. The most important thing is, like any accident. Don’t panic. Don’t waste time getting to the nearest health center or hospital as quickly as you can. The best chance you’ve got of survival, essentially, is if you get proper medical treatment within the first 4 to 6 hours. So harmful first aids and traditional remedies should be avoided. And the basic principle of first aid is to first do no harm so don’t tie a rope or wire around the limb, don’t cut the wound. And certainly don’t do things like applying electric shocks. Another thing that’s important is that when people get bitten by a snake, sometimes they will become sick. And so if you give them food or drink, they can actually choke on that. (Q8) So you really shouldn’t give them anything by mouth. If they have rings, bangles, watches, other tight things on their bodies around the area where they were bitten, you should remove those as well, because sometimes snakebite causes a lot of local swelling, and those sorts of objects can really cut off the circulation. And then the most important thing is never lay a person on their back, especially in a vehicle on their way to health care. (Q9) Put them on their left side. And what we call the recovery position, with their head sort of tilted to the side and downwards. And that can actually prevent them from losing their ability to breathe and also prevents them from literally choking to death on their own vomit.tourniquet n. 止血带amputate v. 截肢bangle n. 手镯，腕带vomit n. 呕吐物VGS: David, talk to us about the treatment for snakebites. Are antivenoms available readily around the world?DW: Okay, well unfortunately, many countries face shortages when it comes to having enough supplies of safe, good quality and effective antivenom drugs. (Q10) So to this end, WHO is helping countries by identifying the best products that they can use. Providing technical guidance to manufacturers to help them improve and develop and design other products. And we’re also looking at new ways to supply antivenoms to even the remotest parts of the world so that more people can easily access treatment.effective adj. 有效的，起作用的VGS: Thank you David. That was Science in 5 today. Until next time then stay safe, stay healthy, and stick with science.Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。根据“the average person who gets bitten by a snake is an ordinary individual. They could be a farmer, a cow herder, a school child, mum, dad, somebody coming from a rural community usually...”，可知被蛇咬伤的通常是来自农村社区的普通人，如农民、牧牛人、学童、母亲、父亲等。因此答案是B。Q2. D.【解析】主旨题。根据“snakebites are a really important public health issue.”，可知世界卫生组织关注蛇咬伤问题，是因为其是一个非常重要的公共卫生问题，对全球都有影响。因此答案是D。Q3. A.【解析】细节题。根据“There’s about 2.7 million people who are bitten by snakes every year. And between 81,000 and 138,000 of them lose their lives.”，可知每年大约有270万人被蛇咬伤，其中8.1万至13.8万人因此丧生。因此答案是A。Q4. B. 【解析】细节题。根据“we even saw it in movies that if you’re bitten by a snake, you should suck the venom out and spit it out”和“those techniques in real life, it’s not just that they don’t work. It’s also that they can be very dangerous.”，可知我们在电影中看到，如果你被蛇咬伤了，你应该把毒液吸出来，然后吐出来，但这些技巧在现实生活中不仅无效，而且可能非常危险。因此答案为B。Q5. C. 【解析】细节题。根据“It’s been proven in countries like Nepal to reduce the risk of snakebite while sleeping enormously.”，可知在尼泊尔等国家已经证明睡离地的床并挂好蚊帐可以极大地降低睡眠时被蛇咬伤的风险。因此答案为C。Q6. D. 【解析】细节题。根据“make sure they know to leave snakes alone, not try to catch and kill them”，可知遇到蛇时应远离蛇，不要试图捕捉和杀死它们。因此，正确的做法是远离蛇，避免与其接触。因此答案为D。Q7. A. 【解析】推理题。根据“If you’re sucking the venom out, and you have poor dental hygiene, you can end up with two people being bitten by the snake and not just one.”，可知如果你吸出毒液，并且你的口腔卫生状况不佳，最终可能导致两个人被蛇咬伤，而不仅仅是一个。因此答案为A。Q8. B. 【解析】细节题。根据“So you really shouldn’t give them anything by mouth. If they have rings, bangles, watches, other tight things on their bodies around the area where they were bitten, you should remove those as well...”，可知被蛇咬伤者感到不适的人，不应该给他们任何口服的东西。如果他们有戒指、手镯、手表或其他紧固件在被咬伤的区域，应该把它们取下来。因此答案为B。Q9. C. 【解析】细节题。根据“Put them on their left side. And what we call the recovery position, with their head sort of tilted to the side and downwards.”，可知在送医途中，应该让被蛇咬伤者左侧卧，头部稍微向一侧倾斜并向下，处于恢复姿势。因此答案为C。Q10. B. 【解析】细节题。根据“So to this end, WHO is helping countries by identifying the best products that they can use. Providing technical guidance to manufacturers...”，可知WHO正在帮助各国识别可以用于抗蛇毒的最佳产品，并为制造商提供技术指导。因此答案为B。（本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？

Morning shower or evening shower: Which is best? 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？常速 | 四级 偏易 | 408词 | 3min4s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to microbiologist Primrose Freestone, what is a benefit of showering in the morning?A. It removes bacteria from bed sheets.B. It stops you shedding dead skin cells.C. It helps improve sleep quality.D. It eliminates allergens picked up during the day.Q2. What does Nancy Rothstein suggest about evening showers?A. They are necessary to remove pollen and dust.B. They are essential for preparing for bed.C. They are less effective than morning showers.D. They help maintain skin cleanliness during sleep.Q3. According to the text, what can nighttime warm showers improve?A. Skin hydration.B. Body awareness.C. Sleep quality.D. Morning freshness.Q4. What can be inferred about the choice between morning and evening showers?A. It depends on personal preference and lifestyle.B. Morning showers are scientifically proven to be better.C. Evening showers are more beneficial for physical health.D. The choice is irrelevant to maintaining cleanliness.Q5. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To explain the health benefits of evening showers.B. To discuss the impact of showering on sleep quality.C. To highlight the importance of showering daily.D. To compare the advantages of morning and evening showers.Part II. TRANSCRIPTMorning shower or evening shower: Which is best? Do you need an energizing blast of water in the morning to wake you up for the day? Or do you prefer a relaxing, warm shower in the evening to help you wind down as part of your nighttime routine? Maybe you just shower whenever you feel like it. For something so many of us do, this topic is bound to divide opinion and stir up passion from both sides. But is one really better than the other?After a long day in the outside world, picking up pollutants and allergens on your skin and in your hair such as dust and pollen, a reasonable instinct would be to wash it all off before getting into bed. That’s what the evening shower enthusiasts would say. But, says microbiologist Primrose Freestone, no matter the air temperature, you will continue to sweat during the night. Bacteria on your skin then eat the nutrients in your sweat which is what causes BO. Showering at night also doesn’t stop you shedding dead skin cells. All this means you may not wake up feeling as fresh as you had hoped. [Q1] Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. “As a microbiologist, I am a day shower advocate,” she says.allergens n. 过敏原pollen n. 花粉nutrient n. 营养物质microbiologist n. 微生物学家BO (body odor) 汗臭，体臭But it’s not all about cleanliness. Nancy Rothstein, who calls herself The Sleep Ambassador, is concerned with sleep quality. (Q2) In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. “Call it an opportunity to shower yourself with mindfulness,” she says. And research backs this up. (Q3) A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep.(Q4) What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. If you’re someone who can’t fully relax in bed until you’ve showered, you’re likely an evening shower person. Whereas, if you can’t stand the idea of putting on fresh, clean clothes in the morning when you haven’t showered, then a morning rinse is probably more your style. Whenever you choose to shower, Primrose Freestone says it’s important to clean your bed sheets regularly to remove all the sweat, bacteria and dead skin cells that build up and can negatively affect the effectiveness of your showers.rinse n. 冲洗Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. 意为：早上洗澡可以帮助去除床单上的死皮细胞、汗液或任何细菌。正确答案为A。Q2.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处：In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. 意为：在她看来，晚上洗澡是“准备就寝”过程中必不可少的一环。正确答案为B。Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处：A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep. 意为：2019年发表在《睡眠医学评论》上的一项系统性研究发现，每晚在睡前一到两个小时进行温水淋浴或沐浴可以改善睡眠。正确答案为C。Q4.【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处：What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. 意为：归根结底，这取决于你想在什么时候感觉最清爽。由此可以推断，选择早上或晚上洗澡取决于个人偏好和生活方式，因此正确答案为A。Q5.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。整篇文章主要讨论了早上洗澡和晚上洗澡的优缺点，并比较了它们的不同效果。因此正确答案为D。 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 用英语思考

VOA慢速：用英语思考Thinking in English慢速| 三级 偏难 | 541词 | 5min4s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is the main question Hoang asks the teacher?A. How to translate English sentences faster.B. How to think in English more quickly.C. How to memorize English vocabulary.D. How to write essays in English.Q2. According to the teacher, why is it difficult to explain how to think in a foreign language?A. Because it requires understanding complex grammar rules.B. Because it involves the relationship between thoughts and language.C. Because it needs extensive vocabulary memorization.D. Because it is only achievable by native speakers.Q3. What makes the response to simple greetings in a foreign language automatic?A. Memorizing the responses.B. Using translation devices.C. Frequent repetition and familiarity.D. Writing them down beforehand.Q4. What is the main idea of the teacher’s advice to Hoang?A. Thinking in English requires living in an English-speaking country.B. Thinking in English is primarily about vocabulary memorization.C. Thinking in English is only possible for advanced learners.D. Thinking in English involves practice and familiarity with language patterns.Q5. What can help make the first conversation feel like the second conversation according to the teacher?A. Planning and practicing in advance.B. Using simpler vocabulary.C. Avoiding difficult topics.D. Speaking more slowly.Part II. TRANSCRIPTThinking in EnglishHello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Hoang in Vietnam about how to think in English.QuestionDear Teacher,People say that to speak English fluently, you need to think in English. (Q1) So how can I think in English faster? When I talk with foreigners...with the first conversation, I talk very slowly and the remaining time I use for thinking. And with the second conversation (because I’ve been talking before), I feel natural and I speak more fluently.So how can I be fluent like the second conversation when I’m having the first conversation?fluent adj. 流利的，流畅的Thank you, HoangAnswerI’m happy to answer this question, Hoang.It can be difficult to fully explain how to think in a foreign language. (Q2) That is because the explanation asks us to consider the relationship between thoughts and the language we use to express them.However, we can still notice what happens when we think in a foreign language. And we can compare it to times when we have to pause and translate from our native language.pause v. 暂停native adj. 本国的Consider what happens when you exchange simple greetings, questions, and answers in a foreign language. If someone asks you in English, “How are you today?” you can probably answer without pausing or translating from your native language. For example, you can quickly reply, “I’m fine, thank you. And how are you?”exchange n. 交流This example shows us the basic things we need for thinking in a foreign language. In this situation, you know all the words you need to say. You don’t need to stop and think about the grammar. (Q3) And you have heard and said these phrases so many times that your response is automatic.phrase n. 短语response n. 反应automatic adj. 自动的The reason the second conversation you talk about feels more natural is because you have already heard and used some of the vocabulary and grammar you need. (Q4) So, for any subject you want to discuss, you will be able to think in English after you have learned and practiced what you need to say many times.Steps for thinking in EnglishHere are some suggestions for learning to think in English:Choose a subject you are interested in discussing. Then, imagine you are speaking with another person. How easily and quickly can your mind find the vocabulary and grammar you need? Note when you need to pause to find vocabulary or think about grammar. Next, learn the vocabulary and grammar and then practice using them several times. Repeat the words until they become automatic.(Q5) If you can plan ahead and practice in your mind what you will likely talk about, then your first conversation might feel easier and similar to a second conversation.You can find more advice for thinking in English in our Education Tips article, “Train Your Brain to Think in English.”Keep in mind that, to think in English, you need to read, listen to, and speak as much English as possible. This will help your mind use English more easily.For our readers and listeners, what are your questions about American English? We’d like to hear from you. Send us an email at learningenglish@voanews.com. And please include where you are from in your email, too.And that’s Ask a Teacher.Part III. KEYQ1. B. 【解析】细节题。根据：“So how can I think in English faster?” 可知他的问题是如何能更快地用英语思考。因此答案是B。Q2. B. 【解析】细节题。根据：“That is because the explanation asks us to consider the relationship between thoughts and the language we use to express them.” 可知这是因为解释这个问题要求我们考虑思想与用来表达它们的语言之间的关系。因此答案是B。Q3. C. 【解析】细节题。根据：“And you have heard and said these phrases so many times that your response is automatic.”可知对于简单问候，我们已经听过并说过这些短语很多次，以至于回应变得自动化，这说明频繁重复和熟悉度是关键。因此答案是C。Q4. D. 【解析】主旨题。根据整体回答的总结：“So, for any subject you want to discuss, you will be able to think in English after you have learned and practiced what you need to say many times.” 可知对于任何你想讨论的话题，在你学习并多次练习所需表达后，你将能够用英语思考，也就是说用英语思考需要练习和对语言模式的熟悉。因此答案是D。Q5. A. 【解析】推理题。根据：“If you can plan ahead and practice in your mind what you will likely talk about, then your first conversation might feel easier and similar to a second conversation.” 可知如果能提前计划并在脑海中练习可能会谈论的内容，那么第一次对话可能会像第二次一样轻松。因此答案是A。（本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

第12届教学大赛商务英语组特等奖潘紫萌授课

授课点评：潘紫萌老师在本次大赛中与来自全国各地的商务英语优秀教师展开激烈角逐，在教学理念、教学方法、课堂设计、英语素质、商务知识、教姿教态、师生互动等方面的表现都较突出，最后以总分第一荣获特等奖。潘老师以准确的英语发音先声夺人，丰富的表达方式、适中的语调语速和端庄的教姿教态也令人印象深刻。在课程设计环节，为实现其教学目标，她选择business ethics作为主题，介绍了教学目标、学生特征、以学生为中心和以产出为导向的教学理念，以及线上线下结合、传统和高科技媒体结合等丰富多彩的教学方式。这份介绍全面立体但简明扼要，为后面的演示（demo）课提供了一个很好的支撑。由于大赛的授课时间有限，潘老师突出重点，在演示课上只展示教学方案的第三步，即participatory learning 1 和 post assessment 1。她采用BOPPPS（bridge in, objectives, pre-assessment, participatory learning, post assessment, summary）模型，通过德国大众汽车减排作假、中国支付宝公益植树项目等案例，教学目标涵盖商务英语知识、技能、以及相关的伦理和价值观等。在短短的十几分钟里要达到这么多项教学目标绝非易事。潘老师通过一系列的短视频、多种教学方法（如听力填空、案例讨论、汉译英、样本对话补正等）以及活泼的师生互动，较好地实现了教学目标，显示出选手突出的课堂组织能力。商务英语教学起源于英美等国，因此基本使用本国素材、讲本国故事。传入中国后，主要使用外国素材、讲外国故事。令人欣喜的是，潘老师注意突出中国特色，多次引用中国案例，讲授中国故事，传播中国价值观。加上她出色的英语基本功和良好的师生互动，使得教学过程十分流畅，也没有不同文化同场展示的违和感。总而言之，潘紫萌老师在授课环节的各方面表现都很优秀。不足之处当然也有。首先， 8’13’’开始的讨论过于仓促，只有18秒， 8’31’’就结束了。由于讨论不充分，在随后的问答环节中，更多的回答似乎来自老师而不是学生。第二个是要增加教学过程的自然自发 (spontaneity)。不知是因为课前多次排练还是老师特意要求，学生的产出只有一次对话（17’40’’）相对自然，其他的多次回答虽准确无误，但都像中国小学生朗读课文或回答问题，语音、语调、语速都过于整齐合一，这不利于培养学生的英语实际表达能力。点评专家：陈准民

第12届教学大赛英语专业组二等奖赵雪宇授课

授课点评：赵雪宇老师展示了“3A设计”，整合了准备、习得与应用这三个不同的教学阶段。对教学阶段和教学过程的表述比较清晰，教学过程在“3A设计”的基础上展开，强调学生参与的多元形式，例如学生提问、学生评价、学生总结等。设计框架层次清晰。教学展示与教学设计紧密地融合在了一起。展示伊始，教师提醒学生回忆“3A设计”，并且多次使用“I want you to be/do…”的句式，运用丰富的肢体语言、重读、停顿等方式明确提出了自己的期待，帮助学生更加直观地获得课堂学习的方向感。此外，教师对学生的分享做出了真诚的回应，而不只是用简短的评价话语敷衍了事，这对学习共同体的建构大有助益。这同时体现出教师对英语有着较好的掌握程度，能够从容、准确地重述学生观点，帮助学生修正语言表述上的错误，并提供更加规范、高效的表达方式。整体而言，赵老师在教学展示过程中教态得体，状态自然、松弛，说课清晰，且能够脱离讲稿等材料的辅助完成授课。课堂教学紧密围绕教学目标，环环相扣，逐步深入。她有效运用了多媒体课件，运用多样的视图突出核心教学内容，起到了辅助作用。可以看出赵老师的整体状态（尤其体现为笑容、身势，对重读、停顿的运用，以及真诚的回应）有效吸引了学生的注意力，激发了学生的学习兴趣，为学生创设了安全的发言空间，让学生有分享欲，愿意主动参与课堂互动。最后，建议赵老师未来可以在分析课文内容的同时，进一步在词汇层面对近义词加以辨析。点评专家：杨延宁

新世纪高等学校日语专业本科生系列教材：新编日语口译提高篇 第16课 Video 128 第16课练习中译日

新文科英语系列：音乐英语教程 第1册 Unit 4 PPT课件（试用版）