全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程2（思政智慧版）

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程3

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程3的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程3

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

新闻听力 | 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？

Morning shower or evening shower: Which is best? 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？常速 | 四级 偏易 | 408词 | 3min4s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to microbiologist Primrose Freestone, what is a benefit of showering in the morning?A. It removes bacteria from bed sheets.B. It stops you shedding dead skin cells.C. It helps improve sleep quality.D. It eliminates allergens picked up during the day.Q2. What does Nancy Rothstein suggest about evening showers?A. They are necessary to remove pollen and dust.B. They are essential for preparing for bed.C. They are less effective than morning showers.D. They help maintain skin cleanliness during sleep.Q3. According to the text, what can nighttime warm showers improve?A. Skin hydration.B. Body awareness.C. Sleep quality.D. Morning freshness.Q4. What can be inferred about the choice between morning and evening showers?A. It depends on personal preference and lifestyle.B. Morning showers are scientifically proven to be better.C. Evening showers are more beneficial for physical health.D. The choice is irrelevant to maintaining cleanliness.Q5. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To explain the health benefits of evening showers.B. To discuss the impact of showering on sleep quality.C. To highlight the importance of showering daily.D. To compare the advantages of morning and evening showers.Part II. TRANSCRIPTMorning shower or evening shower: Which is best? Do you need an energizing blast of water in the morning to wake you up for the day? Or do you prefer a relaxing, warm shower in the evening to help you wind down as part of your nighttime routine? Maybe you just shower whenever you feel like it. For something so many of us do, this topic is bound to divide opinion and stir up passion from both sides. But is one really better than the other?After a long day in the outside world, picking up pollutants and allergens on your skin and in your hair such as dust and pollen, a reasonable instinct would be to wash it all off before getting into bed. That’s what the evening shower enthusiasts would say. But, says microbiologist Primrose Freestone, no matter the air temperature, you will continue to sweat during the night. Bacteria on your skin then eat the nutrients in your sweat which is what causes BO. Showering at night also doesn’t stop you shedding dead skin cells. All this means you may not wake up feeling as fresh as you had hoped. [Q1] Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. “As a microbiologist, I am a day shower advocate,” she says.allergens n. 过敏原pollen n. 花粉nutrient n. 营养物质microbiologist n. 微生物学家BO (body odor) 汗臭，体臭But it’s not all about cleanliness. Nancy Rothstein, who calls herself The Sleep Ambassador, is concerned with sleep quality. (Q2) In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. “Call it an opportunity to shower yourself with mindfulness,” she says. And research backs this up. (Q3) A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep.(Q4) What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. If you’re someone who can’t fully relax in bed until you’ve showered, you’re likely an evening shower person. Whereas, if you can’t stand the idea of putting on fresh, clean clothes in the morning when you haven’t showered, then a morning rinse is probably more your style. Whenever you choose to shower, Primrose Freestone says it’s important to clean your bed sheets regularly to remove all the sweat, bacteria and dead skin cells that build up and can negatively affect the effectiveness of your showers.rinse n. 冲洗Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. 意为：早上洗澡可以帮助去除床单上的死皮细胞、汗液或任何细菌。正确答案为A。Q2.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处：In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. 意为：在她看来，晚上洗澡是“准备就寝”过程中必不可少的一环。正确答案为B。Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处：A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep. 意为：2019年发表在《睡眠医学评论》上的一项系统性研究发现，每晚在睡前一到两个小时进行温水淋浴或沐浴可以改善睡眠。正确答案为C。Q4.【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处：What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. 意为：归根结底，这取决于你想在什么时候感觉最清爽。由此可以推断，选择早上或晚上洗澡取决于个人偏好和生活方式，因此正确答案为A。Q5.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。整篇文章主要讨论了早上洗澡和晚上洗澡的优缺点，并比较了它们的不同效果。因此正确答案为D。 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

教学素材 | 办公椅臀：克利夫兰诊所专家教你如何预防

办公椅臀：克利夫兰诊所专家教你如何预防Office Chair Butt: Cleveland Clinic Experts on How to Prevent It 六级 | 偏易刘立军供稿You probably know the feeling: after sitting at your desk for hours, your backside feels numb, your lower back is stiff, and your favorite jeans might even be fitting…a little differently. On social media, this modern desk-job woe has earned a name: office chair butt. 你可能对这种感觉再熟悉不过：在办公桌前一坐就是几个小时，臀部发麻、下背僵硬，就连最喜欢的牛仔裤穿起来似乎也……有点不一样了。在社交媒体上，这种现代上班族的常见困扰被戏称为“办公椅臀”。 Although it’s not a formal medical term, it describes a real phenomenon. Sitting for long stretches, especially without proper posture or regular movement, can subtly change the way your body feels and looks. The upside? With a few simple habits, you can prevent these changes and keep your glutes in good shape. 虽然“办公椅臀”并非正式的医学术语，但它确实描述了一种真实存在的现象。长时间久坐——尤其是姿势不对或缺乏规律活动——会悄然改变你身体的感受和姿态。好消息是：只需养成几个简单习惯，就能有效预防这些变化，让臀部保持健康紧实的状态。 Ahead, we’ll explore what causes office chair butt and share simple ways to treat and prevent it, with expert guidance from Cleveland Clinic occupational therapist Michael Milicia, OT. 下文将结合克利夫兰诊所职业治疗师迈克尔·米利西亚的专业建议，深入解析“办公椅臀”的成因，并分享实用的治疗与预防方法。What office chair butt means 什么是“办公椅臀”Office chair butt isn’t an official medical diagnosis, but it is a way to describe a real side effect of our sedentary lifestyles: the weakening and flattening of the gluteal muscles caused by too much sitting. According to the Cleveland Clinic, long hours spent parked in a chair can lead to gluteal muscle atrophy, which is when your muscles start to shrink, soften, and lose their shape. “办公椅臀”不是一个正式的医学诊断，却是对我们久坐生活方式的一种真实写照：因久坐导致臀部肌肉变弱、扁平。据克利夫兰诊所介绍，长时间坐在椅子上可能导致臀肌萎缩，即肌肉开始缩小、变软、失去原有形状。Your gluteal muscles, especially the gluteus maximus, are among the largest and most important muscles in your body. They help stabilize your pelvis, support good posture, and power everyday movements like walking, climbing stairs, and even standing upright. “A lack of conditioning in your gluteus maximus and surrounding tissue leads to weakness, making it build up fat tissue and appear flatter or saggy,” explains Milicia in the Cleveland Clinic’s Health Essentials blog. 臀部肌肉，尤其是臀大肌，是人体最大、最重要的肌群之一。它们不仅帮助稳定骨盆、维持良好体态，还为日常活动提供动力，比如走路、爬楼梯，甚至只是站直身体。“如果臀大肌及其周围组织缺乏锻炼，就会变得无力，进而堆积脂肪，看起来更扁平或松弛，”米利西亚在克利夫兰诊所的健康专栏《健康要闻》（Health Essentials）中解释道。Office chair butt usually isn’t something to panic about. But it is your body’s way of saying it needs more movement—and that’s worth taking seriously. If you’re experiencing pain, tingling, or ongoing discomfort, it’s a good idea to check in with your doctor to rule out any other underlying issues. 通常情况下，“办公椅臀”并不需要过度担忧，但它确实是身体在提醒你：该多动一动了——而这一点值得认真对待。如果你感到疼痛、刺痛或持续不适，建议及时就医，以排除其他潜在问题。What causes office chair butt “办公椅臀”的成因 According to the Cleveland Clinic, the muscle mass that gives your backside its shape is very much a use-it-or-lose-it situation. When your glutes aren’t engaged regularly—especially after hours of sitting—they start to weaken. As the muscle fades, fat can accumulate in its place. Since fat is softer and less structured than muscle, it doesn’t hold shape as well, which can lead to a flatter, less defined appearance. 克利夫兰诊所指出，塑造臀部线条的肌肉量完全遵循“用进废退”的原则。当你长时间久坐，臀肌得不到激活，便会逐渐退化。随着肌肉流失，脂肪便可能取而代之。由于脂肪比肌肉更柔软、结构更松散，无法维持紧致轮廓，最终导致臀部看起来更扁、缺乏线条感。 Sitting for extended periods also reduces circulation, which may contribute to tightness and stiffness, particularly in the lower back and hips. Over time, this lack of movement creates a cycle of discomfort and further muscle loss. 长时间坐着还会减少血液循环，可能引发下背部和髋部的紧绷与僵硬。久而久之，这种缺乏活动的状态会形成一个恶性循环：不适感加剧，肌肉进一步流失。 Posture matters, too. Slouching, leaning to one side, or perching on the edge of your chair puts extra strain on your glutes and lower back. Without proper support and alignment, those muscles stay inactive—and that leads to further weakening. 姿势同样至关重要。瘫坐，或是歪坐，或只坐在椅子边缘，都会给臀部和下背部带来额外压力。如果没有良好的支撑或坐直，这些肌肉会长时间处于“休眠”状态，从而加速退化。How to prevent office chair butt 如何预防“办公椅臀” Sitting for hours on end isn’t great for your body. “The key is to activate your glutes to offset that sitting as much as possible,” says Milicia. You don’t need a complete lifestyle overhaul to prevent or fix office chair butt. A few simple changes can make a big difference, and most of them are easy to start today. 长时间久坐对身体并不友好。“关键在于尽可能多地激活你的臀肌，以抵消久坐带来的负面影响，”米利西亚说道。要预防或改善“办公椅臀”，你并不需要彻底改变生活方式。只需做一些简单的调整，就能带来显著效果——而其中大多数方法，今天就能轻松开始。1. Take movement breaks every hour 每小时活动几次 Little bursts of movement throughout the day can go a long way. “Try to get up and move every 30 to 90 minutes, as your job allows,” Milicia recommends. Set a timer or reminder if you need to. Even short breaks—like walking to the kitchen or stretching at your desk—help keep your muscles engaged. 一天中穿插几次短暂的活动，就能带来显著益处。“尽量每30到90分钟起身活动一下，只要工作允许，”米利西亚建议道。如果容易忘记，不妨设个定时提醒。哪怕是短短几分钟的休息——比如去厨房倒杯水，或在工位旁做几个拉伸动作——都能有效激活肌肉，防止它们“沉睡”。Milicia also suggests making small, intentional choices to add more movement: take the stairs instead of the elevator, or use a bathroom that’s a bit farther from your desk. 米利西亚还鼓励大家有意识地做出一些微小选择，为日常增加更多活动量：比如改走楼梯而非电梯，或特意选择离工位稍远的洗手间。2. Strengthen your glutes 强化臀部肌肉 Your backside is full of strong, powerful muscles—they just need a little attention. Add bodyweight exercises like glute bridges, lunges, and squats to your day. Just a few minutes a day can wake those muscles back up. If you’re unsure about proper technique, consult your healthcare provider to ensure you’re performing the exercises safely and correctly. 你的臀部其实蕴藏着强大而有力的肌肉群，只是需要你稍加关注。不妨在日常中加入一些徒手训练，比如臀桥、弓步和深蹲。每天只需几分钟，就能重新唤醒这些沉睡的肌群。如果你不确定动作是否标准，建议咨询医疗专业人士，确保锻炼安全有效。3. Improve your sitting setup 改善坐姿环境 Your chair should support your lower back, keep your knees level with your hips, and let your feet rest flat on the floor. If you don’t have an ergonomic chair, try a lumbar support pillow and make sure your computer monitor is at eye level so you don’t hunch forward. 一把合适的椅子也至关重要：它应能支撑下背部，使膝盖与髋部保持在同一水平，并让双脚自然平放于地面。若没有人体工学椅，可以加一个腰部支撑靠垫，并确保电脑屏幕与视线齐平，避免身体前倾驼背。4. Stretch your hips 拉伸髋部 A tight front means a weak back. Make time for a few hip stretches during the day, like a kneeling hip flexor stretch or seated figure-four pose, to release tension and improve your posture. 前侧紧张，往往意味着后侧无力。不妨在一天中抽出几分钟做些髋部拉伸，例如跪姿髋屈肌拉伸或坐姿“4”字拉伸，有助于释放紧张、改善体态。5. Stay active outside the office 下班后保持活跃 Walk your dog, ride your bike, go for a swim—whatever gets your body moving. A regular workout routine will not only keep your glutes strong, but improve your overall mood, sleep, and energy. 遛狗、骑车、游泳……只要能让身体动起来的活动都值得尝试。规律的锻炼不仅能强健臀肌，还能提升整体情绪、睡眠质量和精力。6. Try a standing desk 尝试使用站立式办公桌 If it’s an option, alternating between sitting and standing at a desk can work wonders. Just be sure to shift your weight and move regularly as standing still for too long isn’t ideal either. 如果条件允许，在坐姿和站姿之间交替使用办公桌会带来意想不到的效果。但要注意：长时间站立不动同样不理想，应定期变换重心、适当走动。7. Try seated exercises 尝试坐着锻炼 Even when you’re stuck in your chair, you can still get your lower body working. Milicia suggests butt clenches, marching in place, heel lifts, and toe lifts. These subtle movements may not break a sweat, but they help activate your muscles and keep your circulation going. 即使暂时无法离开座位，你依然可以活动下半身。米利西亚推荐一些隐蔽又有效的动作：夹紧臀部、原地踏步、踮脚尖和抬脚趾。这些细微动作虽不会让你大汗淋漓，却能有效激活肌肉、促进血液循环，让久坐的身体保持活力。【词汇】 1. woe n. 痛苦，悲伤 2. diagnosis n. 诊断 3. sedentary adj. 久坐的 4. gluteal muscle 臀部肌肉 5. atrophy n./v. 萎缩，衰退 6. gluteus maximus 臀大肌7. saggy adj.松懈的，下垂的8. tingling adj. 刺痛的9. overhaul n. 大修，改造10. pelvis n. 骨盆 11. slouch v. 无精打采地坐或站 12. lunge n. 弓步 13. squat n. 蹲下，深蹲 14. ergonomic chair 人体工学椅 15. lumbar adj. 腰部的 16. hunch v. 弓背，耸肩 17. kneeling hip flexor stretch 跪姿髋屈肌拉伸18. butt clench夹臀动作 （本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

教学素材 | 人工智能会让你变笨吗？

Will AI Make You Stupid? 人工智能会让你变笨吗？难度：CET-6 偏难刘立军供稿Artificial intelligence (AI) promises greater efficiency and convenience—but is it silently weakening our ability to think? 人工智能（AI）会带来更高的效率和便利——但它是否也在悄悄削弱我们的思考能力？Early Warning Signs from Research 研究中的早期预警信号A recent MIT study raises serious concerns. Students using ChatGPT during essay-writing sessions displayed significantly reduced brain activity in regions tied to creativity and attention, as measured by EEG scans. They also struggled to recall specific parts of the content they had just written. This suggests that while AI may speed up tasks, it may also impair memory and critical engagement. 麻省理工学院最近的一项研究引发了严重担忧。研究发现，在撰写文章的过程中使用 ChatGPT 的学生，通过脑电图扫描测量的其与创造力和注意力相关的脑区活动显著减少。他们还难以回忆起自己刚刚写过的内容的具体部分。这表明，尽管人工智能可能加快任务的完成速度，但也可能损害记忆力和深度思考能力。This isn’t an isolated finding. Microsoft Research surveyed 319 professionals regularly using generative AI for over 900 tasks. Only around 60% of those tasks required deep thinking—most were routine and described as “mindless.” The majority of respondents admitted they exerted significantly less mental effort when using AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, or Copilot. 这并非孤立现象。微软研究院对319名经常使用生成式人工智能完成900多项任务的专业人士进行了调查。结果显示，只有大约60%的任务需要深入思考——大多数任务都是例行公事，被描述为“不动脑筋”的工作。大多数受访者承认，使用 ChatGPT、Gemini 或 Copilot 等 AI 工具时，他们的脑力投入明显减少。Similarly, a study by Michael Gerlich at SBS Swiss Business School found that heavy AI users scored lower on critical-thinking assessments. Hundreds of educators reached out to him afterward, confirming they’ve seen the same trend in classrooms: students increasingly dependent on AI struggle with independent reasoning. 同样，SBS 瑞士商学院Michael Gerlich博士的研究也发现，频繁使用人工智能的人在批判性思维评估中的得分较低。研究发表后，数百名教育工作者联系了他，证实他们在课堂上也观察到了类似趋势：越来越依赖 AI 的学生在独立思考方面遇到了困难。Is AI the Cause—or Just a Symptom? 是 AI 导致的，还是只是表象？Researchers caution that these studies don’t yet prove a direct causal link. The MIT study had only 54 participants, and Gerlich’s findings may reflect a different issue: perhaps those who already lack strong critical thinking skills are more likely to rely on AI. Still, the consistent pattern across different studies makes this an issue worth urgent attention. 研究人员警告说，这些研究尚未证明人工智能使用与思维能力下降之间存在直接的因果关系。麻省理工的研究仅涉及54名参与者，而 Gerlich博士的发现可能反映了另一个问题：也许那些原本缺乏批判性思维能力的人更倾向于依赖 AI。尽管如此，不同研究中一致的结果表明，这个问题值得高度关注。The Bigger Risk: Outsourcing Thought 更大的风险：外包思考Throughout history, technological tools have helped reduce mental workload—writing, calculators, GPS. But as psychologist Evan Risko notes, generative AI introduces a new level of cognitive offloading. While it’s harmless to delegate arithmetic, offloading complex thinking—like writing, decision-making, or problem-solving—could weaken our cognitive endurance over time. 纵观历史，技术工具一直在帮助人们减轻脑力负担——从文字书写、计算器到 GPS。但正如心理学家 Evan Risko 所指出的，生成式 AI 引入了一种新的“认知外包”层次。虽然将算术任务交给机器无伤大雅，但将写作、决策或解决问题等涉及复杂思考的任务外包，可能会逐渐削弱我们的认知耐力。This could lead to a self-reinforcing loop of “cognitive miserliness,” where users consistently choose the path of least effort. As AI becomes the default, our brains grow accustomed to underperforming. One participant in Gerlich’s study admitted: “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” 这可能导致一种“认知懒惰”的循环，即用户总是选择最省力的方式，且这一循环会自我强化。当 AI 成为默认选项，我们的大脑也会逐渐习惯低效运作。Gerlich博士的研究中有一位参与者坦言：“我对 AI 如此依赖，甚至我觉得没有它我都不知道怎么解决一些问题。”The Economic and Creative Cost 经济与创造力的代价Businesses are betting heavily on AI for productivity gains. But there’s a catch. Barbara Larson of Northeastern University warns that a long-term decline in critical thinking could reduce competitiveness—and make workers more replaceable. 企业正大力押注 AI 来提升生产力。但这也存在隐患。东北大学的 Barbara Larson教授警告说，长期来看，批判性思维能力的下降可能会削弱企业的竞争力，让员工更容易被取代。Creativity is also at risk. In one study, participants were asked to come up with novel uses for objects like a car tyre or a pair of trousers. Those exposed to AI suggestions gave less original answers. For example, ChatGPT proposed using trousers as part of a scarecrow—essentially, trousers as trousers. A human, unaided, turned them into a quirky bird feeder. Clearly, relying on AI can narrow the scope of imagination. 创造力也面临威胁。在一项研究中，参与者被要求想象一个汽车轮胎或一条裤子有什么新的用途。接受过 AI 建议的人给出的答案缺乏原创性。例如，ChatGPT 提议将裤子用作稻草人的一部分——本质上还是作为裤子的用途。而一个没有借助 AI 的人则将其改造成了一种有趣的鸟食器。显然，过度依赖 AI 会限制想象力的广度。Smarter Ways to Use AI 更聪明地使用 AI 的方法The solution isn’t to abandon AI—but to use it more wisely. Dr. Larson advises treating AI as a helpful but naive assistant, not an expert. Dr. Gerlich recommends prompting AI step by step, rather than asking for a final answer. Instead of “Where should I go for a sunny holiday?” start with “Which destinations have the least rainfall?” This preserves the user’s role as the thinker. 解决方案不是放弃 AI，而是更聪明地使用它。Larson 博士建议将 AI 视为一个有用但不够成熟的助手，而不是专家。Gerlich博士则建议分步骤向 AI 提问，而不是直接要一个最终答案。例如，不要问“我该去哪里度假？”而是先问“哪些地方降雨最少？”，这样可以保留用户作为思考者的角色。Microsoft researchers are also exploring AI designs that encourage critical thinking. Some experimental chatbots interrupt users with challenging prompts or probing questions—transforming them from passive answer machines into interactive thought partners. A concept that Socrates, the father of inquiry-based learning, would likely applaud. 微软的研究人员也在探索鼓励批判性思维的 AI 设计。一些实验性聊天机器人会通过带有挑战性的提示词或探究性的提问来打断用户，将自身从被动的回答机器转变为互动型的思考伙伴。这种理念或许会受到苏格拉底——探究式学习之父——的赞赏。The Limits of Forcing Engagement 强制参与的局限性Yet even thoughtful interventions can backfire. A study found that AI “provocations” reduced performance in weaker programmers. And more forceful methods—like requiring users to generate their own response before accessing AI—are unlikely to be welcomed. As Microsoft’s Zana Buçinca explains, “People don’t like to be pushed to engage.” Indeed, a global survey by Oliver Wyman showed that 47% of respondents would use generative AI tools even if banned by their employer. 然而，即使是经过深思熟虑的干预也可能适得其反。一项研究发现，AI 的“挑战性提问”反而会降低编程能力较弱者的表现。而更强制性的方法——比如要求用户在访问 AI 前必须先自行生成答案——也不太可能受欢迎。正如来自微软的Zana Buçinca 所说：“人们不喜欢被强迫去思考。”事实上，奥纬咨询公司（Oliver Wyman）的一项全球调查显示，47%的受访者即使雇主禁止，也会继续使用生成式 AI 工具。A Tool, Not a Crutch AI：工具，而非拐杖AI is still young, and for now, the human brain remains the most versatile tool we have. But we must be careful not to trade long-term mental sharpness for short-term convenience. If strong evidence continues to show that AI dulls critical and creative thinking, we’ll face a choice: adjust how we use it—or risk becoming intellectually dependent on it. 人工智能仍处于早期阶段，目前，人类大脑仍然是我们最灵活的工具。但我们必须小心，不要为了短期便利而牺牲长期的思维敏锐性。如果越来越多的证据显示 AI 确实削弱了批判性与创造性思维，我们将面临一个选择：调整使用方式——或冒着在智力上对AI愈加依赖的风险。The question is not just can AI make us less intelligent—but will we notice before it does? 问题不仅仅是 AI 是否会让人类变笨——而在于我们是否在它将我们变笨之前就能察觉到？【词汇】 1. offload v. 卸载，转移 2. miserliness n. 吝啬 3. quirky adj. 匆匆做成的，速成的 4. backfire v. 事与愿违，产生反效果 5. crutch n. 拐杖，依赖物 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 写作提升小技巧

写作提升小技巧Tips for Better Writing慢速 | 四级（高考）标准 | 493词 | 3min57s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What does Jennifer Ahern-Dodson inquire about when starting a conversation about writing?A. The preferred writing styles of her students.B. Their previous encounters with writing, whether negative or positive.C. The most common mistakes made in academic writing.D. The students’ and professors’ favorite types of essays to write.Q2. What does the report suggest is a primary concern for students when writing papers?A. The ability to express their personal opinions.B. The complexity of the research topic.C. The exact length and format requirements of the paper.D. The quality of their grammar and punctuation.Q3. What can be inferred about the impact of anxiety on writing from the report?A. It is beneficial for writers to feel anxious about their work.B. Anxiety can significantly hinder the writing process.C. Anxiety is only a problem for writers who are not native speakers.D. Anxiety is irrelevant to the quality of writing.Q4. What advice does Jennifer Ahern-Dodson give to help writers shift their focus from the final product?A. To contemplate the consequences of not doing well.B. To consider the personal significance of the subject matter.C. To worry about the length and format of the paper.D. To focus on the audience and what they want to convey. Q5. What is the main purpose of the Education Report segment according to the text?A. To provide tips for better writing.B. To discuss the challenges of writing in a second language.C. To promote the work of Jennifer Ahern-Dodson.D. To announce upcoming events at Duke University.Part II. TRANSCRIPTTips for Better WritingToday we continue our series of expert suggestions for academic writing. Our guest is Jennifer Ahern-Dodson, assistant professor of the Practice in Writing Studies at Duke University in North Carolina.Ms. Ahern-Dodson starts a conversation with both students and professors planning to write a paper or essay. (Q1) She asks about their earlier writing experiences. Were they negative or positive?She advises that you are not alone if you have had problems with your writing. She says everyone struggles with writing.“Writing is hard. All writers struggle at some point. And even if writing has come easily for you, at some point in your work as a student, that eventually you’re going to hit a roadblock. And so part of what I like to get folks thinking about is — besides writing’s hard for everybody — is to really take a moment to think about their past writing experiences. And when the writing is going well, what was happening? When the writing wasn’t going well, what was happening?”She says most people’s negative writing experiences happened because a very special formula is required for a paper including an exact length.“(Q2) And so they primarily focus on, and worry about, what the final product has to look like, like how many pages for a research essay? Or if it is in the second or third language, you know, punctuation and grammar, like whether it gets communicated in the right language.”punctuation n. 标点符号“And so focusing on the end makes it really hard to get started.”Another problem can arise when the need to do well on a paper is extremely important.“...like a timed essay exam, or a college application essay, or a research paper that is at the end of the semester, and it’s tied to the entire grade for the class. (Q3) So worrying about what will happen if they don’t do well — get bad grades, don’t get into college — creates, of course, significant anxiety. And that can make it harder to get the writing done.”Then she and the people she’s helping move to more positive projects. She says usually when writing comes easily, the writers feel they have something important to say.The teacher advises asking yourself questions. What personal understanding of the subject can you bring to your paper? Why is this subject important? For whom is it meaningful? Who will be reading it?“(Q4) Think about who your audience is, and what it is that you really want to say to them. And what that can do is help you switch from the final product and what it can look like (to) really more on what you have to offer, your particular perspective.”She says that is an important change for all writers.Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。根据“She asks about their earlier writing experiences. Were they negative or positive?”，可知Dodson她关注的是他们之前写作的经历，是消极的还是积极的。因此答案是B。Q2. C.【解析】细节题。根据“And so they primarily focus on, and worry about, what the final product has to look like, like how many pages for a research essay?”，可知学生们主要关注并担心最终产品的样子，比如研究论文需要多少页？这表明学生在写作时最关心的是论文的确切长度和格式要求。因此答案是C。Q3. B.【解析】推理题。根据“So worrying about what will happen if they don’t do well ... creates, of course, significant anxiety. And that can make it harder to get the writing done.”，可知担心表现不佳会产生焦虑，而这种焦虑会使写作变得更加困难。因此答案是B。Q4. D.【解析】细节题。根据“Think about who your audience is, and what it is that you really want to say to them.”，可知Dodson建议作家思考他们的读者是谁，以及他们真正想要传达的信息，以帮助他们从过分关注最终产品，转向更关注自己想要提供的内容上。因此答案是D。Q5. A.【解析】主旨题。整个文本的主旨在于提供写作建议，这可以从标题“Tips for Better Writing”和整个报道的内容中得出。因此答案是A。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 美国医保高管谋杀案嫌犯出庭

美国医保高管谋杀案嫌犯出庭Suspect in US Health Boss Murder Appears in Court 常速 | 五级（CET-4）较难 | 167词 | 59s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. How was the level of security described during Luigi Mangione’s appearance in court?A. There was a minimal police presence.B. Security was so tight that it was described as intense.C. Only a few security officers were visible.D. The security measures were not mentioned in the report.Q2. What is the specific federal charge against Luigi Mangione, and which states have brought additional charges?A. Terrorism; New York and Pennsylvania.B. Insider trading; New York and California.C. Murder; New York and Pennsylvania.D. Embezzlement; Florida and Texas.Q3. What was the reaction of a segment of the public to the case as indicated by the presence of a poster?A. They were protesting against the health insurance industry.B. They were advocating for wealth redistribution.C. They were demanding justice for the victim.D. They were showing support for the defendant.Q4. What was the significance of the parade-like display when Luigi Mangione was handed back to New York?A. It was a common procedure for high-profile defendants.B. It was a show of force by law enforcement.C. It was a publicity stunt by the defendant’s legal team.D. It was an unusual event, reflecting the gravity of the case. Part II. TRANSCRIPTSuspect in US Health Boss Murder Appears in Court Hello, I’m Moira Alderson with the BBC News. (Q1) The suspect accused of shooting dead the US health insurance boss, Brian Thompson, has appeared in court in New York amid intense security. (Q2) Luigi Mangione faces a federal charge of murder, as well as charges brought by the states of New York and Pennsylvania. (Q3) A small number of supporters gathered outside the courtroom, one with a poster reading health over Wealth. Netitafik is following the case.(Q4) There was such a dramatic parade of Luigi Mangione in front of the cameras as he was handed back to New York. It’s something that I’ve quite frankly not seen in the past. Of course, he is a special kind of defendant given the circumstances of the alleged crime. But he was flown to New York, taken off of the helicopter and flanked by heavily armed law enforcement from several agencies, followed by New York’s mayor, Eric Adams, the police chief, the chief of detectives, and then brought straight to that federal courthouse.frankly adv. 坦率地，直白地defendant n. 被告，受审者armed adj. 武装的，装备武器的Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。根据“The suspect accused of shooting dead the US health insurance boss, Brian Thompson, has appeared in court in New York amid intense security.”，可知被指控射杀美国医疗保险老板Brian Thompson的嫌疑人在在严密的安保措施下出现在纽约法庭。因此，安全措施被描述为非常严密，答案为B。Q2. C.【解析】细节题。根据“Luigi Mangione faces a federal charge of murder, as well as charges brought by the states of New York and Pennsylvania.”，可知Luigi Mangione面临联邦的谋杀指控，以及由纽约州和宾夕法尼亚州提出的指控。因此答案为C。Q3. A.【解析】细节题。根据“A small number of supporters gathered outside the courtroom, one with a poster reading health over Wealth.”，可知一小群支持者聚集在法庭外，其中一人举着一个海报，上面写着“健康胜过财富”。这表明部分公众对医疗保险行业持抗议态度，答案为A。Q4. D.【解析】主旨题。根据“There was such a dramatic parade of Luigi Mangione in front of the cameras as he was handed back to New York... Of course, he is a special kind of defendant given the circumstances of the alleged crime.”，可知Luigi Mangione被交回纽约时，在摄像机前进行了一场戏剧性的游行...当然，鉴于所指控的犯罪情况，他是一个特别的被告。这表明“游行式”押送是不寻常的，反映了案件的严重性。因此答案为D。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 英环保人士因福利争议辞RSPCA职务

英环保人士因福利争议辞RSPCA职务UK Environmentalists Quit RSPCA Over Welfare Controversy常速 | 六级（CET-6）较易 | 130词 | 53s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What specific incidents led to the resignation of Chris Packham and Caroline Lucas from the RSPCA?A. The RSPCA’s approval of new animal testing methods.B. The discovery of financial mismanagement within the organization.C. Videos showing improper treatment of pigs and cows in approved abattoirs.D. A disagreement over the organization's stance on climate change.Q2. What can be inferred about Chris Packham’s past actions and beliefs from the text?A. He has been indifferent to animal welfare issues.B. He has a history of opposing animal welfare organizations.C. He has been known to support any practices within the animal welfare sector.D. He has been actively involved in promoting wildlife and animal welfare.Q3. What was Chris Packham’s primary concern regarding the RSPCA’s leadership as mentioned in the BBC interview?A. The leadership’s prioritization of other issues over animal welfare.B. The leadership’s failure to address the allegations of animal cruelty promptly.C. The leadership’s lack of transparency in financial dealings.D. The leadership’s involvement in the alleged acts of animal cruelty.Q4. What is the main theme of the passage?A. The internal conflicts within the RSPCA.B. The resignation of two environmentalists from a prominent animal welfare organization.C. The public’s reaction to the allegations of animal cruelty.D. The challenges faced by animal welfare organizations in addressing cruelty.Part II. TRANSCRIPTUK Environmentalists Quit RSPCA Over Welfare ControversyTwo prominent environments men, environmentalists in Britain have been, have resigned as president and vice president for the world’s oldest animal welfare organization over allegations of cruelty at some of its approved abattoirs. (Q1) Chris Packham and Caroline Lucas quit the RSPCA after another animal campaign group released videos from abattoirs showing pigs being stunned incorrectly before slaughter and cows being prodded with an electric probe. In a BBC interview, Mister Packham accused the charity’s leadership of complete hypocrisy. (Q2) “Since I was a kid, I’ve done everything I can to improve wildlife and animal welfare. (Q3) And if I can’t make the progress as rapidly as I need to make, I can’t have my reputation damaged by people who are not putting that welfare at the forefront of their agenda.”abattoir n. 屠宰场；屠宰厂prod v. 戳；刺hypocrisy n. 伪善；虚伪Part III. KEYQ1. C.【解析】细节题。根据“Chris Packham and Caroline Lucas quit the RSPCA after another animal campaign group released videos from abattoirs showing pigs being stunned incorrectly before slaughter and cows being prodded with an electric probe.”，可知在另一个动物运动团体发布了来自屠宰场的视频，视频中猪在屠宰前被错误地击晕，牛被电击棒戳刺，记录了屠宰场内猪和牛受到不当对待，这直接导致了Chris Packham和Caroline Lucas的辞职，因此答案为C。Q2. D.【解析】推理题。根据“Since I was a kid, I’ve done everything I can to improve wildlife and animal welfare.”，Chris Packha在采访中提到，从小到大，他一直在尽所能改善野生动植物和动物福利。因此答案为D。Q3. A.【解析】细节题。根据“And if I can’t make the progress as rapidly as I need to make, I can’t have my reputation damaged by people who are not putting that welfare at the forefront of their agenda.”，可知Chris Packham担心如果不能尽快取得所需的进展，他不能让他的声誉被那些没有把动物福利放在议程首位的人损害，这表明他担心的是领导层没有将动物福利放在最重要的位置，因此答案为A。Q4. B.【解析】主旨题。整个段落主要讲述了两位著名环保人士因对RSPCA的一些批准屠宰场的虐待指控而辞去了他们的职务。因此答案为B。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

第12届教学大赛英语专业组二等奖赵雪宇授课

授课点评：赵雪宇老师展示了“3A设计”，整合了准备、习得与应用这三个不同的教学阶段。对教学阶段和教学过程的表述比较清晰，教学过程在“3A设计”的基础上展开，强调学生参与的多元形式，例如学生提问、学生评价、学生总结等。设计框架层次清晰。教学展示与教学设计紧密地融合在了一起。展示伊始，教师提醒学生回忆“3A设计”，并且多次使用“I want you to be/do…”的句式，运用丰富的肢体语言、重读、停顿等方式明确提出了自己的期待，帮助学生更加直观地获得课堂学习的方向感。此外，教师对学生的分享做出了真诚的回应，而不只是用简短的评价话语敷衍了事，这对学习共同体的建构大有助益。这同时体现出教师对英语有着较好的掌握程度，能够从容、准确地重述学生观点，帮助学生修正语言表述上的错误，并提供更加规范、高效的表达方式。整体而言，赵老师在教学展示过程中教态得体，状态自然、松弛，说课清晰，且能够脱离讲稿等材料的辅助完成授课。课堂教学紧密围绕教学目标，环环相扣，逐步深入。她有效运用了多媒体课件，运用多样的视图突出核心教学内容，起到了辅助作用。可以看出赵老师的整体状态（尤其体现为笑容、身势，对重读、停顿的运用，以及真诚的回应）有效吸引了学生的注意力，激发了学生的学习兴趣，为学生创设了安全的发言空间，让学生有分享欲，愿意主动参与课堂互动。最后，建议赵老师未来可以在分析课文内容的同时，进一步在词汇层面对近义词加以辨析。点评专家：杨延宁

第12届教学大赛商务英语组二等奖贺静授课

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