全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程4

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程4的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程3（思政智慧版）

全新版大学英语视听说教程1

《全新版大学英语视听说教程》共四册，每册八单元，突出视听说技能、演讲技能和批判性思维能力的培养。该数字课程每单元包含Listening, Extended Listening, Speaking, TEDTalks, Presentation和Self-test六大部分。听力训练主题广泛、注重听力和记笔记技能的培养，素材包括电视或电台采访、新闻报道、专题讨论等，同时还有与单元主题相关的拓展听力兼顾学生应试需求。口语和语音训练通过人机对话、跟读评分，有效提升学生口语水平。以TED演讲为素材的视频练习，突出记笔记、作演讲能力的培养。数字课程特有的单元自测通过词汇和听力测试有效检验学生的学习效果。

新闻听力 | 我们为什么喜欢吃辣？

我们为什么喜欢吃辣？Why do we eat spicy food? 常速 | 七级（偏易） | 368词| 3min7s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What chemical compound in chili peppers is responsible for the burning sensation?A. Capsaicin.B. Endorphin.C. Serotonin.D. Glucose.Q2. According to the passage, what happens when the body detects capsaicin?A. The body temperature rises significantly.B. The body releases endorphins to reduce the perceived pain.C. The taste buds become permanently less sensitive.D. The digestive system immediately breaks down the compound.Q3. Why does Dr. Tamara Rosenbaum say people consciously choose to eat spicy foods?A. They want to build tolerance to hotter flavors.B. They associate chili with traditional cooking methods.C. They understand the burning sensation does not actually harm them.D. They believe it improves their digestive health.Q4. What can be inferred about early human cultivation of chili peppers?A. People cultivated chilies mainly to increase their sweetness.B. Chili peppers naturally evolved without human influence.C. Humans preferred peppers that required minimal cooking.D. Human cultivation altered traits such as color, size, and capsaicin level.Q5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Capsaicin is dangerous and should be avoided in a typical diet.B. Humans enjoy spicy food due to a combination of factors.C. Spicy food consumption has decreased significantly in modern times.D. Only certain cultures have historically eaten chili peppers.Part II. TRANSCRIPTWhy do we eat spicy food? You know the feeling – your ears start to warm up, your tongue goes numb, you start sweating and taking deep breaths. You’ve just eaten something spicy, knowing it would be painful, and yet, you chose to do it anyway. Are humans just masochistic, or is there something else going on? The answer lies in both science and history.masochistic adj. 有受虐倾向的Let’s start with the science. Spicy isn’t actually a taste like salty, sweet, sour, and bitter – it’s a sensation. (Q1) This sensation is triggered by a chemical compound found in chili peppers called ‘capsaicin’. When we eat foods containing capsaicin, our bodies are tricked into thinking the temperature is actually rising. (Q2) In trying to temper the burning sensation, our bodies release endorphins which control pain and, at the same time, give a feeling of pleasure – like painkillers.capsaicin n. 辣椒素endorphin n. 内啡肽This is what is happening chemically, but there is also a conscious side to choosing spicy food. Dr. Tamara Rosenbaum, Cognitive Neuroscientist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, explains in an interview with the BBC that (Q3) this is because we are rational beings – we know that the burning sensation of chili does not physically harm us. Furthermore, we derive pleasure from the other ingredients chili is generally cooked and eaten with – including fat, sugar, and salt. So – like skydiving – eating chili is a form of thrill-seeking or ‘benign masochism’, where we get pleasure from a seemingly negative sensation.masochism n. 受虐倾向This masochistic relationship with capsaicin has been a long one, starting in the Andes of South America, where chili peppers originate. Humans were one of the few mammals on Earth that developed a taste for capsaicin. So, archaeological evidence suggests they started cultivating chili peppers about six thousand years ago. (Q4) Human intervention changed the chili pepper to suit human tastes and needs – including the pepper’s colour, size, and capsaicin content – helping to explain the many different types of chili peppers now available.Fast-forward to today, and our love affair with the chili pepper is going strong. We eat around 57.3 million tons of peppers globally each year, and chili is a key ingredient in traditional dishes from Mexico to Korea. (Q5) Maybe we are masochistic after all.Part III. KEYQ1.A.【解析】本题为细节题。题目出处为：“This sensation is triggered by a chemical compound found in chili peppers called ‘capsaicin’.” 意为：“这种灼烧感由辣椒中一种被称为‘辣椒素’的化合物引起。”根据这句话可以推理，导致灼烧感的成分是capsaicin，因此答案为A。Q2.B.【解析】本题为细节题。题目出处为：“In trying to temper the burning sensation, our bodies release endorphins which control pain and, at the same time, give a feeling of pleasure.”意为：“为了缓解灼烧感，身体会释放控制疼痛并带来愉悦感的内啡肽。”因此答案为B。Q3.C.【解析】本题为细节题。题目出处为：“… this is because we are rational beings – we know that the burning sensation of chili does not physically harm us.”意为：“这是因为我们是理性生物，我们知道辣椒带来的灼烧感并不会真正伤害身体。”由此推断，人们选择吃辣是因为他们明白灼烧感并不会造成实际伤害，因此答案为C。Q4.D.【解析】本题为推理题。题目出处为：Human intervention changed the chili pepper to suit human tastes and needs – including the pepper’s color, size, and capsaicin content. 意为：人类的干预改变了辣椒，使其更符合人类的口味和需求，包括其颜色、大小和辣椒素含量。根据这句话可以推理，人类早期的栽培活动确实改变了辣椒的特性，因此答案为D。Q5.B.【解析】本题为主旨题。文章解释了辣椒素触发的化学反应、人类明知无害仍追求刺激的心理机制、“良性受虐”的行为模式、辣椒的历史起源与栽培发展脉络等等。文章最后写道：“Maybe we are masochistic after all.（或许我们还是有受虐倾向。）”，展示人类对于辛辣的复杂喜好。由此可见，主旨是人类对辛辣食物的喜爱由多重因素共同决定，答案为B。 （本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 依赖汽车的代价

依赖汽车的代价The cost of car dependency慢速 | 六级（偏难） | 355词| 2min36s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. The passage opens by suggesting that increased car commuting might have a cost despite offering which of the following benefits?A. Reduced air pollution and safer roads.B. Greater mobility and freedom.C. Lower transportation expenses.D. More efficient public transit systems.Q2. According to the OECD’s International Transport Forum, how much more road space does the average person travelling in a car take up compared to someone on a bus?A. Twice as much.B. Three times as much.C. Four times as much.D. Five times as much.Q3. What does the word “gridlock” most closely mean as it is used in the passage?A. A severe traffic jam where vehicles cannot move.B. A system for managing traffic flow.C. A network of interconnected roads.D. A method of charging for road usage.Q4. Which of the following is NOT directly mentioned as a health impact of car dependency in the passage?A. Asthma and other respiratory illnesses.B. Injuries and fatalities from road traffic accidents.C. Poor fitness and obesity due to sedentary lifestyles.D. Hearing loss from traffic noise.Q5. According to some experts, what is the most likely long-term consequence of building new roads to reduce traffic congestion?A. It provides a permanent solution to traffic congestion.B. It reduces the number of vehicles on the road over time.C. It leads to more people driving, causing congestion to return to previous levels.D. It causes a significant shift towards public transportation.Part II. TRANSCRIPTThe cost of car dependency (Q1) Driving: do we love it because it’s quick and convenient, or is it just that we don’t have a choice? Either way, commuting by car is becoming more common across the world. While this could mean that people are getting more mobility and freedom, could it have a cost?As the number of cars on the road increases, so does congestion. As more people travel by car, more road space is used up. (Q2) According to the OECD’s International Transport Forum, the average person travelling in a car takes up five times as much road space as someone on a bus. This is made worse by the fact that, on average, today’s cars are larger than those of the past. Tailbacks and other traffic jams in the UK could be costing £7.5 billion each year in wasted time.congest v. 使拥挤；堵塞tailback n. （因交通堵塞形成的）车辆长队(Q3) It’s not just gridlock and wasted time that’s the problem. Car dependency has significant health impacts. (Q4) Air pollution from diesel and petrol cars can cause health problems such as asthma and other respiratory illnesses. Road traffic accidents lead to injuries and fatalities. Additional to this are the long-term problems caused by sedentary lifestyles, leading to poor fitness and obesity. Road-building developments can also split communities, leading people to feel cut off. Where road transport dominates an area, people without access to a car can feel isolated.gridlock n. 市区交通大堵塞dependency n. 依赖asthma n. 哮喘respirator n. 呼吸器sedentary adj. 久坐的Cities and countries are sometimes tempted to build new roads to reduce the potential for snarl-ups. (Q5) However, some experts say that this can cause induced demand, where increased road capacity leads to more people driving, and congestion is soon back to its previous level. The other side of this theory is that when road space allocation is taken away from private cars, often congestion won’t get any worse. Authorities in some cities, such as Seoul and Utrecht, have demolished motorways, leaving natural features such as streams and rivers in their place. Making drivers pay more is an approach used in cities like London or Singapore, where ten-year car ownership licenses can cost over £60,000. The increased costs can help reduce the number of cars on the road and make traffic flow faster.snarl-up n. 交通堵塞demolish v. 拆除（建筑物）Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“Driving: do we love it because it’s quick and convenient, or is it just that we don’t have a choice? Either way, commuting by car is becoming more common across the world. While this could mean that people are getting more mobility and freedom, could it have a cost?” 意为：“开车：我们爱它是因为它快速便捷，还是只是因为别无选择？无论如何，全球驾车通勤变得越来越普遍。虽然这可能意味着人们获得了更多的行动自由与自主空间，但这是否会带来代价？”该句明确指出驾车带来的好处是“更多的行动自由与自主空间”，因此正确答案为B。Q2. D.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“According to the OECD’s International Transport Forum, the average person travelling in a car takes up five times as much road space as someone on a bus.” 意为：“根据经合组织（OECD）的国际交通论坛，开车出行的话，每人平均占用公路的空间是乘公交车出行的五倍。”因此正确答案为D。Q3. A.【解析】推断题。题目出处为：“It’s not just gridlock and wasted time that’s the problem.” 意为：“问题不仅仅是交通堵塞和浪费时间。”在语境中，gridlock与wasted time并列，且前文提到congestion、tailbacks和other traffic jams，因此可以推断gridlock指交通堵塞非常严重，以至车辆无法移动的状态，故正确答案为A。Q4. D.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“Air pollution from diesel and petrol cars can cause health problems such as asthma and other respiratory illnesses. Road traffic accidents lead to injuries and fatalities. Additional to this are the long-term problems caused by sedentary lifestyles, leading to poor fitness and obesity.” 意为：“柴油和汽油车造成的空气污染会导致哮喘和其他呼吸系统疾病等健康问题。道路交通事故导致受伤和死亡。除此之外，久坐不动的生活方式还会导致长期问题，例如体能不佳和肥胖。”文中直接提到了A、B、C选项，但未提及“Hearing loss from traffic noise”（交通噪音导致的听力损失），因此正确答案为D。Q5. C.【解析】推理题。题目出处为：“However, some experts say that this can cause induced demand where increased road capacity leads to more people driving, and congestion is soon back to its previous level.” 意为：“然而，一些专家表示，这可能导致诱发性交通需求，即增加的道路容量导致更多人开车，交通拥堵很快又恢复到了以前的状况。”因此正确答案为C。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 你愿意被机器人照顾吗？

你愿意被机器人照顾吗？Would You Want to Be Cared for by a Robot?常速 | 六级 | 758词 | 4min59s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What does the author say about the world’s population of over-60s?A. It has doubled since 1980 and will double again by 2050.B. It has tripled since 1980 and will double by 2050.C. It has remained stable since 1980.D. It will decrease significantly by 2050.Q2. What function does the exoskeleton serve for the elderly according to the passage?A. It helps them walk faster than normal people.B. It gives them full control of their mobility.C. It completely replaces human carers.D. It automatically chooses walking routes.Q3. What can the robot Clara do according to the passage?A. Cook meals according to dietary needs.B. Tell jokes to improve your emotional well-being.C. Detect changes in your mood and physical state.D. Clean rooms and maintain the gardens.Q4. What can be inferred about using robots in care homes from the passage?A. Robots will completely replace human carers soon.B. Most elderly people will refuse robot care.C. It has been widely accepted by society.D. It raises complex ethical and legal issues.Q5. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To describe features of various care robots.B. To argue for replacing humans with robots.C. To explore possibilities and concerns of robot care.D. To prove that robot care is better than human care.Part II. TRANSCRIPTWould You Want to Be Cared for by a Robot?It’s Saturday night in the year 2100, and you’re at the quiz night in a care home. The Saturday night quiz is serious business. While the residents battle it out, a team of carers quietly ensures the smooth running of the home. Luna announces the questions. Zach serves dinner and drinks, and Qi-Young administers evening medications. But Luna, Zach, and Qi-Young aren’t human. They’re robots. And one day, they could be your retirement companions.battle it out 拼搏一场One in three people born today will live until they’re 100. (Q1) The world’s population of over-60s has doubled since 1980 to around a billion, and it’s projected to double again by 2050. That’s a lot of people who may one day need additional support to live fulfilling and comfortable lives. Assistive intelligent robots could relieve pressure in understaffed care homes. So what would being looked after by robots actually feel like?Imagine – you’re woken up by your favorite song played by a music robot. Luna, a humanoid, is ready with your perfect brew, milk and sugar selected with precision. (Q2) Luna helps you choose your outfit for your morning walk and assists you into your exoskeleton, an aid that gives you full control of your mobility. humanoid n. 人形机器人exoskeleton n. 外骨骼（装置）You take a stroll around the gardens with your human carer, Dan. You choose your own route, and your exoskeleton responds to your subtle movements and commands, which it picks up via smart wearables, so you’re fully in control. Along the way, you see robots maintaining the beautifully manicured grounds, alerting carers to any potential hazards. You stop to chat to a friend, and if your conversation is cut short, a robot attendant will remember what you were talking about and set up another time for you to chat. manicured adj. 修剪整齐的When you return to your room, it’s been cleaned by a team of housekeeping robots. Unburdened by time-consuming routine tasks, your human carer, Dan, can take his time chatting to residents, giving everyone his full attention. You then enjoy a sumptuous communal breakfast with the other residents and staff. Bruno, the kitchen robot, serves up a feast customized to your personal dietary requirements, allergies, and he doesn’t forget that you hate mushrooms. (Q3) Clara, a humanoid robot with soft silicone skin and a calming voice, assists you with medication. Her senses can immediately detect changes in your mood, walking pattern, or skin temperature. Prakash, a robot designed for emotional well-being, tells you a joke. His AI adapts to each resident’s personality and allows him to keep up to date with their interests, likes, and dislikes. sumptuous adj. 豪华的；丰盛的communal adj. 公共的；共用的customize v. 定制While this scenario may sound idyllic, it’s not without serious considerations. Take, for example, logistics. This vision would mean extensive building redesigns to accommodate robot carers. Care homes of the future would need to take into consideration how robots navigate rough terrain, shared spaces, and moving around one another, all while ensuring that they don’t themselves become mobility hazards for residents. (Q4) And on an ethical and legal level, there’s a ton of complexities with no easy answers. idyllic adj. 田园诗般的；宁静美好的ethical adj. 伦理的；道德的Imagine a scenario where a robot makes a mistake, perhaps administering the wrong medication or failing to alert staff during an emergency. Who or what would be held responsible? And what are the privacy implications of sharing all your personal health data with a robot? And what will all of this mean in terms of maintaining the skills and jobs of human care workers? And then there’s, of course, the question at the heart of what it means to give and receive care. Empathy, emotional support, and human contact are essential for all of us, particularly when we’re at our most vulnerable.implication n. 可能的影响（或后果）While robots may be able to help out with physical caring, health monitoring, and even limited companionship, could they ever be a true substitute for the humans currently doing those jobs? This leads us to perhaps our most important question. Would we have the right to refuse robot care? And how might we be empowered to do so? These aren’t just questions for engineers or policymakers. They’re for all of us. What do we want our care to look like in the future?empower v. 赋予权力；使自主Today’s research looks at how robots can make their own decisions using data from their sensors, other robots, and tech worn by residents and carers. By 2100, robots will be far more capable than they are today. (Q5) If they can allow for more time and attention from human carers and empower our older selves to live safe, dignified, and fulfilled lives, perhaps it’s not a question of if they should be used, but how.dignified adj. 有尊严的Part III. KEYQ1. A.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“The world’s population of over-60s has doubled since 1980 to around a billion, and it’s projected to double again by 2050.”。 意为：“自1980年以来，全球60岁以上人口数量翻了一番，达到约10亿，预计到2050年将再翻一番。”因此正确答案为A。Q2. B.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“Luna helps you choose your outfit for your morning walk and assists you into your exoskeleton, an aid that gives you full control of your mobility.”。 意为：“Luna会帮你挑选晨间散步的穿搭，并帮你穿上外骨骼装置，这种装置能帮你完全掌控自己的行动能力。”因此正确答案为B。Q3. C.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“Clara, a humanoid robot with soft silicone skin and a calming voice, assists you with medication. Her senses can immediately detect changes in your mood, walking pattern, or skin temperature.”。 意为：“克拉拉是一个拥有柔软硅胶皮肤和平静声音的人形机器人，能协助你服药。她的传感器能即时察觉你的情绪变化、步态异常或皮肤温度波动。”因此正确答案为C。Q4. D.【解析】推理题。题目出处为：“And on an ethical and legal level, there’s a ton of complexities with no easy answers.”。 意为：“在伦理和法律层面上，存在着大量错综复杂的问题，且没有简单的答案。”文章随后进一步讨论了如果机器人犯错谁该负责的问题、个人健康数据的隐私问题、对人类护工就业的影响等。由此可以推断，正确答案为D。Q5. C.【解析】主旨题。题目出处为全文，尤其是结尾段落：“If they can allow for more time and attention from human carers and empower our older selves to live safe, dignified and fulfilled lives, perhaps it’s not a question of if they should be used, but how.”。 意为：“如果机器人能让人类护工有更多时间和精力陪伴老人，并能让我们年老时能够安全、有尊严、充实地活着，那么问题或许不在于是否应该使用机器人，而在于如何使用。”文章从未来场景设想出发，既介绍了机器人辅助养老的可能性，也讨论了伦理、法律、隐私等担忧，因此正确答案为C。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 聪明人为何更喜欢独处而非社交的7个原因

聪明人为何更喜欢独处而非社交的7个原因7 Reasons Why Intelligent People Prefer Solitude Over Socializing常速 | 七级（偏易）| 329 | 2min 44s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. Why do intelligent individuals find small talk unfulfilling?A. It requires too much energy to maintain. B. It focuses on trivial matters rather than meaningful topics. C. It often involves exaggerations and insincerity. D. It is a form of entertainment for most people. Q2. What makes intelligent people feel disconnected in typical social settings?A. Their preference for solitude over socializing. B. Their lack of interest in social hierarchies. C. Their unconventional perspectives and questioning of norms. D. Their heightened ability to process details in crowded spaces. Q3. Why do intelligent individuals feel drained in large social events?A. They dislike competing for social status. B. They prefer quieter environments to crowded spaces. C. They find such events insincere and exhausting. D. They are overwhelmed by the details they process. Q4. What can be inferred about intelligent individuals’ view on social hierarchies?A. They find social hierarchies irrelevant and unimportant. B. They actively compete for higher status in social settings. C. They avoid socializing to escape hierarchical competitions. D. They prefer genuine relationships over superficial ones. Q5. What is the main reason intelligent individuals prefer solitude over socializing?A. They dislike social norms and rules. B. They value independence and meaningful interactions. C. They feel superior to others in social settings. D. They find crowds overstimulating and exhausting. Part II. TRANSCRIPT7 Reasons Why Intelligent People Prefer Solitude Over SocializingSocializing is a source of joy for many people — they thrive in crowds, enjoy casual conversations, and navigate social norms with ease. However, for some individuals, particularly those with higher intelligence, socializing can feel exhausting and unnecessary. This isn’t about being antisocial or feeling superior; it’s simply a preference for spending their time differently.1. Small Talk Feels Unfulfilling. (Q1) Intelligent individuals often find small talk tedious and unproductive. They prefer deep conversations about ideas, philosophies, or meaningful topics rather than discussing trivial matters like weather or gossip.2. They Value Authenticity. Social interactions often involve exaggerations, performances, or superficial behaviors. Intelligent people can easily see through these social masks, which makes such interactions feel insincere and tiring.3. Different Priorities. While others view socializing as entertainment, intelligent individuals prioritize activities like reading, learning, or working on personal projects. For them, socializing often feels like an obligation rather than a source of enjoyment.4. Feeling Like Outsiders. (Q2) Intelligent people often think differently, question norms, and have unconventional perspectives. This can make them feel disconnected or misunderstood in typical social settings, leading them to avoid such situations.disconnect v. 使分离，使脱离5. Overstimulation in Crowded Spaces. (Q3) Large social events can be overwhelming for intelligent individuals due to their heightened ability to process details. Instead of feeling energized, they often feel drained and seek quieter environments.6. Indifference to Social Hierarchies. (Q4) Many social interactions involve subtle competitions for status or influence, which intelligent people find pointless. They prioritize genuine relationships and personal growth over climbing social ladders.7. Independence Over Conformity. Intelligent individuals value independent thinking and resist conforming to group dynamics or unwritten social rules. They prefer solitude over interactions that require compromising their individuality.dynamics n. 动态(Q5) In summary, intelligent people don’t dislike socializing altogether — they simply prefer meaningful interactions over superficial ones and value their independence and time. Solitude is not lonely for them; it’s liberating and allows them to focus on what truly matters.Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。根据“Intelligent individuals often find small talk tedious and unproductive. They prefer deep conversations about ideas, philosophies, or meaningful topics rather than discussing trivial matters like weather or gossip.”，可知聪明的人通常觉得闲聊乏味且无益，他们更喜欢关于思想、哲学或有意义话题的深入对话，而不是讨论天气或八卦等琐事。因此正确答案为B。Q2. C.【解析】细节题。根据“Intelligent people often think differently, question norms, and have unconventional perspectives. This can make them feel disconnected or misunderstood in typical social settings, leading them to avoid such situations.”，可知聪明的人通常有不同的思维方式，质疑常规，并有非传统的观点，所以在典型的社交场合中会感到格格不入、不被理解。因此正确答案为C。Q3. D.【解析】细节题。根据“Large social events can be overwhelming for intelligent individuals due to their heightened ability to process details. Instead of feeling energized, they often feel drained and seek quieter environments.”，可知大型社交活动可能会让聪明人感到难以承受，因为他们处理细节的能力很强，所以往往会感到精疲力竭，而不是充满活力。因此正确答案为D。Q4. A.【解析】推理题。根据“Many social interactions involve subtle competitions for status or influence, which intelligent people find pointless. They prioritize genuine relationships and personal growth over climbing social ladders.”，可知聪明的人认为社交互动涉及对地位或影响力的微妙竞争是毫无意义的，他们更重视真正的关系和个人成长。因此正确答案为A。Q5. B.【解析】主旨题。根据“In summary, intelligent people don’t dislike socializing altogether — they simply prefer meaningful interactions over superficial ones and value their independence and time.”，可知聪明的人选择独处的主要原因是他们重视独立性和有意义的互动。因此正确答案为B。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 直面结核病危机

直面结核病危机Facing the TB crisis常速 | 六级（中等）| 650词 | 5min14s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What percentage of people infected with TB bacteria develop active TB disease?A. 1% to 5%. B. 5% to 10%. C. 10% to 15%. D. 15% to 20%. Q2. What is essential for successfully treating tuberculosis?A. Using injection-based treatments. B. Avoiding contact with infected individuals. C. Early detection through rapid molecular diagnostic tests. D. Completing treatment within two months. Q3. Which groups are considered at higher risk for TB infection?A. Young adults and elderly individuals. B. Healthy individuals with no prior exposure. C. People living in urban areas. D. People with diabetes and undernourished individuals. Q4. What is the main message of the text?A. TB is a disease of poverty that requires urgent global action. B. TB primarily affects the lungs and is difficult to cure. C. TB treatment methods have become less effective over time. D. TB is no longer a significant threat due to advanced vaccines. Q5. What can be inferred about the importance of investing in TB research?A. Investment in TB research will primarily benefit smaller nations. B. TB vaccines could play a transformative role in ending the disease. C. Current TB treatments are sufficient without additional funding. D. Economic costs of TB are declining due to improved treatments. Part II. TRANSCRIPTFacing the TB crisisVGS: Tuberculosis is in the news, but not for the right reasons. A severe resource shortage is threatening the global response to end TB. And the disease is appearing in places where people had forgotten that it existed. Is the world on the brink of a global TB crisis? tuberculosis n. 结核病 We are talking about a millennia-old disease that the world has not been able to end. In fact, in the five minutes that you will watch this Science in 5, 11 people would have died of tuberculosis. Our expert today is Doctor Tereza Kasaeva. Welcome, Tereza. Tereza, I heard something that I was also not aware of and it surprised me that a quarter of the world’s population could be infected with TB and not even know it. Could you explain that? How concerned should we be?TK: You are absolutely right, Vismita. The world doesn’t seem to recognize how widespread the TB bacteria is. An estimated one in four people globally have been infected with TB bacteria, and yet not many of them realize the risks. (Q1) While only five to ten percent of people infected with TB will develop an active disease, that’s more than 10 million people falling ill every year.VGS: So Tereza, TB is a highly infectious disease, right. It’s airborne. It spreads through air. Is there a cure? What’s the treatment and how do we diagnose it?TK: TB is in fact a curable disease, but it requires completion of treatment. It would take several months, from four to six months of treatment with a combination of antibiotics. And even the most challenging, difficult forms of drug-resistant tuberculosis could be successfully treated. We have much better options available now. We have shorter, fully oral, injection-free treatments and more effective treatment now available. While tuberculosis affects primarily lungs, it could affect also other parts of our body — bones and joints, skin, kidneys and even the brain. (Q2) Tuberculosis could be successfully treated, but the essential condition is early detection using rapid molecular diagnostic tests, including for the detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis.diagnostic adj. 诊断的VGS: Tereza, how can we protect ourselves and our loved ones from TB?TK: Protecting ourselves and our loved ones starts with awareness, early detection and treatment. Consult your physician if you see symptoms like prolonged coughing, fever, or weight loss, especially if you’ve been in contact with someone diagnosed with tuberculosis recently. (Q3) This is especially important if you are belonging to one of the so-called risk groups like children, people with immuno compromised systems, people with HIV/AIDS and diabetes and undernourished.VGS: So are we, is the world really on the brink of a TB crisis?TK: In short, yes. (Q4-1) Tuberculosis is the of the world’s deadliest infectious disease. Remember, tuberculosis is a disease of poverty exacerbated by stigma, conflict and migration.exacerbate v. 加剧，恶化 VGS: Tereza, why should the world invest in TB? And why is that more important now than ever?TK: Investing in the TB response is not only a global health issue, it is a social, economic and global health security imperative. Tuberculosis devastates economies. It affects people in their most productive ages. It increases significantly health care costs. It drains the workforce. Unfortunately, millions of people with tuberculosis still don’t have access to the lifesaving treatment due to the chronic and significant funding gaps. (Q5) For the first time in more than over a century, we have 16 vaccine candidates in the pipeline and we know that vaccines could become game changers in the fight against TB. That’s why urgent investments in TB research are required. Strengthening TB programmes actually improves global pandemic preparedness. (Q4-2) TB is an urgent crisis, but one we can end if we act now. The cost of inaction is measured in lives and we can’t afford to lose any more.pipeline n. 开发中 pandemic adj. 大范围流行的 VGS: That was Science in 5 today. Until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy and stick with science.Part III. KEYQ1. B.【解析】细节题。根据“While only five to ten percent of people infected with TB will develop an active disease, that’s more than 10 million people falling ill every year.”，可知只有5%到10%的感染者会发展为活动性结核病，因此正确答案为B。Q2. C.【解析】细节题。根据“Tuberculosis could be successfully treated, but the essential condition is early detection using rapid molecular diagnostic tests, including for the detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis.”，可知通过快速分子诊断测试进行早期检测，是成功治疗结核病的关键，因此正确答案为C。Q3. D.【解析】细节题。根据“This is especially important if you are belonging to one of the so-called risk groups like children, people with immuno compromised systems, people with HIV/AIDS and diabetes and undernourished.”，可知儿童、免疫系统受损的人、艾滋病患者、糖尿病患者以及营养不良者等为高风险群体，因此正确答案为D。Q4. A.【解析】主旨题。结合全文，尤其是“Tuberculosis is the of the world’s deadliest infectious disease. Remember, tuberculosis is a disease of poverty exacerbated by stigma, conflict and migration.”和“TB is an urgent crisis, but one we can end if we act now.”，可知结核病是世界上最致命的传染病之一。它是一种因耻辱、冲突和移民而加剧的贫困疾病，是一场紧迫的危机，但如果我们现在采取行动，就可以结束它。全文围绕结核病的危机及其紧迫性展开，因此正确答案为A。Q5. B.【解析】推理题。根据“For the first time in more than over a century, we have 16 vaccine candidates in the pipeline and we know that vaccines could become game changers in the fight against TB.”，可知一个多世纪以来，我们首次有16种疫苗候选者正在研发中，疫苗可能成为对抗结核病的游戏规则改变者。根据该句可以推断，疫苗研发对结束结核病具有重要意义，因此正确答案为B。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 你愿意被机器人照顾吗？

你愿意被机器人照顾吗？Would You Want to Be Cared for by a Robot?常速 | 六级 | 758词 | 4min59s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What does the author say about the world’s population of over-60s?A. It has doubled since 1980 and will double again by 2050.B. It has tripled since 1980 and will double by 2050.C. It has remained stable since 1980.D. It will decrease significantly by 2050.Q2. What function does the exoskeleton serve for the elderly according to the passage?A. It helps them walk faster than normal people.B. It gives them full control of their mobility.C. It completely replaces human carers.D. It automatically chooses walking routes.Q3. What can the robot Clara do according to the passage?A. Cook meals according to dietary needs.B. Tell jokes to improve your emotional well-being.C. Detect changes in your mood and physical state.D. Clean rooms and maintain the gardens.Q4. What can be inferred about using robots in care homes from the passage?A. Robots will completely replace human carers soon.B. Most elderly people will refuse robot care.C. It has been widely accepted by society.D. It raises complex ethical and legal issues.Q5. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To describe features of various care robots.B. To argue for replacing humans with robots.C. To explore possibilities and concerns of robot care.D. To prove that robot care is better than human care.Part II. TRANSCRIPTWould You Want to Be Cared for by a Robot?It’s Saturday night in the year 2100, and you’re at the quiz night in a care home. The Saturday night quiz is serious business. While the residents battle it out, a team of carers quietly ensures the smooth running of the home. Luna announces the questions. Zach serves dinner and drinks, and Qi-Young administers evening medications. But Luna, Zach, and Qi-Young aren’t human. They’re robots. And one day, they could be your retirement companions.battle it out 拼搏一场One in three people born today will live until they’re 100. (Q1) The world’s population of over-60s has doubled since 1980 to around a billion, and it’s projected to double again by 2050. That’s a lot of people who may one day need additional support to live fulfilling and comfortable lives. Assistive intelligent robots could relieve pressure in understaffed care homes. So what would being looked after by robots actually feel like?Imagine – you’re woken up by your favorite song played by a music robot. Luna, a humanoid, is ready with your perfect brew, milk and sugar selected with precision. (Q2) Luna helps you choose your outfit for your morning walk and assists you into your exoskeleton, an aid that gives you full control of your mobility. humanoid n. 人形机器人exoskeleton n. 外骨骼（装置）You take a stroll around the gardens with your human carer, Dan. You choose your own route, and your exoskeleton responds to your subtle movements and commands, which it picks up via smart wearables, so you’re fully in control. Along the way, you see robots maintaining the beautifully manicured grounds, alerting carers to any potential hazards. You stop to chat to a friend, and if your conversation is cut short, a robot attendant will remember what you were talking about and set up another time for you to chat. manicured adj. 修剪整齐的When you return to your room, it’s been cleaned by a team of housekeeping robots. Unburdened by time-consuming routine tasks, your human carer, Dan, can take his time chatting to residents, giving everyone his full attention. You then enjoy a sumptuous communal breakfast with the other residents and staff. Bruno, the kitchen robot, serves up a feast customized to your personal dietary requirements, allergies, and he doesn’t forget that you hate mushrooms. (Q3) Clara, a humanoid robot with soft silicone skin and a calming voice, assists you with medication. Her senses can immediately detect changes in your mood, walking pattern, or skin temperature. Prakash, a robot designed for emotional well-being, tells you a joke. His AI adapts to each resident’s personality and allows him to keep up to date with their interests, likes, and dislikes. sumptuous adj. 豪华的；丰盛的communal adj. 公共的；共用的customize v. 定制While this scenario may sound idyllic, it’s not without serious considerations. Take, for example, logistics. This vision would mean extensive building redesigns to accommodate robot carers. Care homes of the future would need to take into consideration how robots navigate rough terrain, shared spaces, and moving around one another, all while ensuring that they don’t themselves become mobility hazards for residents. (Q4) And on an ethical and legal level, there’s a ton of complexities with no easy answers. idyllic adj. 田园诗般的；宁静美好的ethical adj. 伦理的；道德的Imagine a scenario where a robot makes a mistake, perhaps administering the wrong medication or failing to alert staff during an emergency. Who or what would be held responsible? And what are the privacy implications of sharing all your personal health data with a robot? And what will all of this mean in terms of maintaining the skills and jobs of human care workers? And then there’s, of course, the question at the heart of what it means to give and receive care. Empathy, emotional support, and human contact are essential for all of us, particularly when we’re at our most vulnerable.implication n. 可能的影响（或后果）While robots may be able to help out with physical caring, health monitoring, and even limited companionship, could they ever be a true substitute for the humans currently doing those jobs? This leads us to perhaps our most important question. Would we have the right to refuse robot care? And how might we be empowered to do so? These aren’t just questions for engineers or policymakers. They’re for all of us. What do we want our care to look like in the future?empower v. 赋予权力；使自主Today’s research looks at how robots can make their own decisions using data from their sensors, other robots, and tech worn by residents and carers. By 2100, robots will be far more capable than they are today. (Q5) If they can allow for more time and attention from human carers and empower our older selves to live safe, dignified, and fulfilled lives, perhaps it’s not a question of if they should be used, but how.dignified adj. 有尊严的Part III. KEYQ1. A.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“The world’s population of over-60s has doubled since 1980 to around a billion, and it’s projected to double again by 2050.”。 意为：“自1980年以来，全球60岁以上人口数量翻了一番，达到约10亿，预计到2050年将再翻一番。”因此正确答案为A。Q2. B.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“Luna helps you choose your outfit for your morning walk and assists you into your exoskeleton, an aid that gives you full control of your mobility.”。 意为：“Luna会帮你挑选晨间散步的穿搭，并帮你穿上外骨骼装置，这种装置能帮你完全掌控自己的行动能力。”因此正确答案为B。Q3. C.【解析】细节题。题目出处为：“Clara, a humanoid robot with soft silicone skin and a calming voice, assists you with medication. Her senses can immediately detect changes in your mood, walking pattern, or skin temperature.”。 意为：“克拉拉是一个拥有柔软硅胶皮肤和平静声音的人形机器人，能协助你服药。她的传感器能即时察觉你的情绪变化、步态异常或皮肤温度波动。”因此正确答案为C。Q4. D.【解析】推理题。题目出处为：“And on an ethical and legal level, there’s a ton of complexities with no easy answers.”。 意为：“在伦理和法律层面上，存在着大量错综复杂的问题，且没有简单的答案。”文章随后进一步讨论了如果机器人犯错谁该负责的问题、个人健康数据的隐私问题、对人类护工就业的影响等。由此可以推断，正确答案为D。Q5. C.【解析】主旨题。题目出处为全文，尤其是结尾段落：“If they can allow for more time and attention from human carers and empower our older selves to live safe, dignified and fulfilled lives, perhaps it’s not a question of if they should be used, but how.”。 意为：“如果机器人能让人类护工有更多时间和精力陪伴老人，并能让我们年老时能够安全、有尊严、充实地活着，那么问题或许不在于是否应该使用机器人，而在于如何使用。”文章从未来场景设想出发，既介绍了机器人辅助养老的可能性，也讨论了伦理、法律、隐私等担忧，因此正确答案为C。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然授课

授课点评：胡笑然老师以充分的课前准备、认真的育人态度、专业的学科素养、科学的教学方法，在限定的20分钟时间内出色地完成了所指定的授课任务，为全国高校英语专业师生呈现了一堂值得学习和反思的短课。在整个授课过程中，胡老师精神饱满，着装端庄，形象甜美，教态自然，认真专注，热情友好，充满活力，展现了良好的个人魅力，体现了青年教师的时代风貌。胡老师具有扎实的英语基本功、娴熟的课堂掌控能力和应变能力、流畅的语言表达能力；综述简洁明了，呈现单元设计、教学目标、相关活动和拟用时间；授课有明确的目标，以学生为中心，围绕单元主题和语篇意义，突出重点，聚焦难点，讲解和引导规范适切。胡老师有自己的教学理念，能运用一定的教学理论，遵循“题材—功能—活动”的教学原则，重视语言感知和信息获取，围绕单元主题展开教学，各教学步骤衔接自然。能注重培养学生的观察力、想象力和分析能力，积极帮助学生通过语篇学习，了解重要概念以及语篇作者的观念和意图，努力激发学生对语篇主题的学习兴趣，师生之间有积极的互动和良好的交流。能充分利用和发挥电子课件的辅助教学功能， PPT和嵌入视频有良好的功能性和实用性，形式与内容相吻合，体现了课件形式与课文内容、教学手段与教学目的有机关联和主从关系，发挥了现代化教学资源及手段的教学辅助作用，增强了学生对单元主题和语言表述的理解。从整体上看，胡老师的授课比较成功。授课目的明确，授课重点突出，内容讲解清晰，活动安排合理，起承转合自然，师生互动自然，课件使用得当，教学效果较好。当然，她所展示的这堂英语短课仍存在以下待改进之处：授课停留在主题词语的概念解读层面，对主题意义的挖掘不够深入；教师个人主导成分太强，讲解和提问过多，学生活动不足，活动形式比较单一；时间把握不够合理，没有时间结尾，匆忙收课，无法安排课后作业和课外活动；授课时间用于教学，缺乏对教学成效的必要评价活动，难以确定单元教学目标的达成。建议胡老师在今后的教学研究和实践中，更加重视单元设计的完整性和课堂教学的有效性，关注输入与输出、课内与课外、语篇意义与语言形式的协调，注重教学手段、过程、效果的统一，促进学生在语言知识、语用技能、心智、情感、态度等方面的综合发展和提高。点评专家：梅德明

第12届教学大赛商务英语组特等奖潘紫萌说课

说课点评：在30分钟的准备时间里，读完、理解一篇800多词的商务英语文章，记住文章的结构和要点，设计出一套有理论指导、教学理念清晰、目标合理、结构完整、方法得当，最好再带点创新的教学方案，然后在10分钟的时间里，用英语条理清晰地把它展示出来，这对任何商务英语教师来讲都是一项重大的挑战。潘紫萌老师首先分析了课文，根据内容将其解构成三大部分。选手将第二部分（第3-8段）归纳成 promotion, price and place 和将第三部分（第9段）归纳成对计划进入中国市场的外国企业的忠告，这都是正确的。但是，她把第一部分（第1-2段）归纳成product，进而把前两部分归纳成营销学中著名的4P战略，这种做法有待商榷。因为课文的第1段主要讲两个问题：1）营销战略如何在中国成功，2）这些战略如何根据中国人的喜好以及对产品或服务的认知进行调整，而不是具体的产品。也许是准备的时间非常紧迫，选手对课文的理解和归纳出现了偏差。然后，潘老师分析了学生的特点。在教学模式上，她采取以学生为中心、以产出为导向的教学模式。其教学目标包括商务英语知识、商务技能和伦理价值。在具体的教学方法上，她例举了基于任务的教学、基于讨论的教学、案例教学、学生参与的测评等，并强调要综合利用线上线下教学资源。在学习测评上，她采用师生共同参与的方式，以增强教学效果。至于具体的教学步骤，她采用BOPPPS模式，再加课后作业。以上教学方案应该说中规中矩，显示出潘老师对商务英语教学的理论、模式、方法和测评等各要素有比较全面的了解。潘老师最亮眼的表现是在10分钟的时间里，用流利的英语将其教学方案展现出来，而且条理清晰，相关的教学理论、教学方法、商务知识、商务案例均了然于胸，信手拈来，同时口到手到，同步将所讲内容写到白板上，手起笔落，一气呵成。在提问阶段，潘老师的表现依旧出色，理解到位，回答中肯，表现出较高的英语基本功和商务、人文素养。不过有的回答可以再精炼一些。比如在回答第一个问题时，把EGP，EOP，EAP，ESP 的定义都讲了一遍，有点啰嗦。总而言之，潘紫萌在说课中表现突出，是一位素质比较全面、经验比较丰富的优秀商务英语教师。点评专家：陈准民

新启航西班牙语 1（上）Lección 1 Video 100 Lección 7 Canta y recita

高职国际英语：进阶视听说教程（第2版）第2册 Unit 2 TOP课件