教学素材 | 《卫报》评论:莫让AI掩盖青年才俊的光芒

《卫报》评论:莫让AI掩盖青年才俊的光芒The Guardian view on the graduate jobs crunch: AI must not be allowed to eclipse young talent 词汇:考研 | 句法:六级 | 文本:考研刘立军供稿As annual degree ceremonies take place on campuses across the country, new graduates will doubtless be turning their thoughts to enjoying some stress-free time off. Given the current state of the labor market, some may be forced to make that break a long one. 随着全国各地高校陆续举行一年一度的毕业典礼,新一届毕业生无疑会想着享受一段轻松无忧的假期。然而,鉴于当前就业市场的严峻形势,有些人可能不得不把这段空档期拉得很长。For university leavers, these are worrying times. A mounting pile of data suggests that accessing the kind of entry-level jobs that traditionally put degree holders on a path to professional success is becoming ever harder. One report published last month by the job-search site Indeed found that the market for young people fresh out of university is tougher than at any time since 2018. Compared with last year, the number of jobs advertised for recent graduates is down 33%. 对于即将走出大学校门的年轻人来说,这是个令人焦虑的时期。越来越多的数据表明,进入那些传统上为大学毕业生铺就职业成功之路的入门级岗位,正变得越来越困难。求职网站Indeed 上个月发布的一份报告显示,应届毕业生所面临的就业市场比自2018年以来任何时期都要严峻。与去年相比,面向应届毕业生的职位数量下降了33%。Some of the squeeze can be put down to a general slowdown in hiring, as employers opt for caution in an unpredictable, growth-starved economic climate. Another analysis, published this week, found that the number of entry-level jobs on offer throughout the labour market has fallen. But the steepest drop-off appears to be in professional occupations, where the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) may be beginning to affect the bottom rungs of the white-collar career ladder. 部分原因是整体招聘活动放缓,雇主们在经济前景不明朗、增长乏力的环境下选择谨慎行事。本周发布的另一项分析也发现,整个劳动力市场上提供的入门级岗位数量有所减少。但降幅最显著的领域似乎集中在专业岗位。在这类岗位中,人工智能(AI)的影响可能已开始波及白领职业阶梯的最底层。According to some analysts, a growing number of companies are using AI to perform many of the collative, summarizing or research-heavy kind of tasks that young graduates might previously have done. IBM’s human resources department now deploys AI to perform 94% of routine tasks, including performance reviews and development plans. Other employers may be hiring fewer graduates than in the past on the assumption that the use of AI will transform their productivity. 一些分析人士指出,越来越多的公司正在使用人工智能来完成许多原本由年轻毕业生承担的工作任务,比如资料整理、总结归纳或研究密集型工作。例如,IBM 的人力资源部门现在利用人工智能完成了94%的常规性任务,包括绩效评估和发展计划制定。其他雇主也可能因预期人工智能能提高效率而减少了对毕业生的招聘。For a graduate cohort whose education was blighted by the pandemic, and which is burdened by an average student debt of about £45,000, such developments risk stunting careers before they have begun. Recruitment systems are steadily being transformed through the introduction of AI-driven sifting processes, in which applications are rejected without a human judgment being made. A sustained contraction of the graduate job market, as pathways into professional careers are shortsightedly shut down in the name of cost savings, would further undermine trust between the generations at a time when it is already in short supply. 对于那些学业受到疫情影响、平均背负约4.5万英镑学生债务的毕业生而言,这样的趋势可能会在职业生涯尚未起步时就造成阻碍。与此同时,招聘系统也在悄然发生变化,越来越多的企业采用基于人工智能的筛选机制,导致许多职位申请在缺乏人工判断的情况下就被直接回绝。如果企业在追求节约成本的过程中,盲目关闭通往专业岗位的通道,加之毕业生就业市场持续萎缩,只会进一步削弱本已脆弱的代际信任。The technology minister, Peter Kyle, has urged businesses and employees to “act now” in gaining AI skills or risk being left behind, and the government hopes to collaborate with tech companies to deliver training to 7.5 million workers. But a focus on those hoping to enter the digitized workplace is also clearly needed. The evidence that entry-level jobs in areas such as law, finance and consulting are becoming scarcer should set alarm bells ringing in both government and boardrooms. 科技大臣彼得·凯尔敦促企业和员工“立即行动”,掌握人工智能相关技能,否则将被时代抛弃。政府也希望与科技公司合作,为750万名工人提供培训。然而,我们显然也需要特别关注那些即将进入数字化职场的年轻人。法律、金融和咨询等领域的入门岗位日益稀缺,这一趋势应该引起政府和企业高层的高度警觉。Politically and economically, the country cannot afford to waste the acquired skills, creativity and dynamism of those who have actually come of age in the digitized world. That may mean companies eventually reimagining the spectrum of early career opportunities that can be offered to recent graduates. But business and government should make it a priority to ensure that they are given the openings and encouragement they need in a rapidly transforming environment. Innovations such as ChatGPT have become embedded in everyday life at vertiginous speed. But their benefits must not come at the expense of the young talent that will be crucial to shaping our future. 从政治和经济层面来看,国家承担不起浪费这部分人才潜能的代价——他们是真正在数字化时代成长起来的群体,拥有已习得的专业技能、创新能力与活力。这意味着企业最终需要重新思考并拓展面向应届毕业生的早期职业机会。政府和企业必须优先确保这些年轻人能够在快速变革的环境中获得应有的机会和激励。像 ChatGPT 这样的创新技术已经以惊人的速度融入日常生活。但它们带来的便利,绝不应以牺牲未来塑造者——年轻人才的利益为代价。【词汇】1. rung n. 梯级,等级 2. cohort n. 群体,同龄人 3. pandemic n. 大流行病 4. stunt v. 阻碍 5. contraction n. 收缩,缩减 6. digitize v. 数字化 7. dynamism n. 活力,动力 8. vertiginous adj. 令人眩晕的,陡峭的 (本文图片均来源于网络,仅供学习交流使用,侵删)

新闻听力 | 小睡也许并没有你想的那么好

小睡也许并没有你想的那么好Naps might not be as good for you as you think 常速 | 五级 中等 | 327词 | 1min53s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is one benefit of taking a short nap mentioned in the text? A. It reduces the risk of insomnia. B. It improves memory and concentration. C. It eliminates the need for night sleep. D. It prevents cardiac problems. Q2. According to the text, what is the recommended length for a power nap? A. Less than half an hour. B. Between 30 and 60 minutes. C. At least one hour. D. Over two hours. Q3. What is one potential negative impact of napping after 2 or 3 in the afternoon? A. It increases productivity at work. B. It leads to higher levels of concentration. C. It disrupts the sleep cycle and causes bad habits. D. It improves cardiac health. Q4. What can be inferred about frequent daytime naps? A. They suggest a well-regulated sleep cycle. B. They may indicate underlying health issues or stress. C. They improve nighttime sleep quality. D. They are recommended for all age groups. Q5. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To highlight the importance of avoiding naps entirely. B. To discuss the link between naps and cardiac health. C. To analyze the role of circadian rhythms in sleep. D. To explain the benefits and drawbacks of napping. Part II. TRANSCRIPTNaps might not be as good for you as you think Surely, they're called power naps for a reason? Aren't naps the key to feeling alert, improving your memory and just generally having a great life? Well, they can be, but things aren't quite that simple.(Q1) It is true that a short nap can help people be more alert, improve their memory and concentration, and reduce risks around tasks with heavy machinery. Our circadian rhythms are responsible for the notorious lull that many of us feel in the early afternoon. This is the best time for a nap. Some companies have installed sleep pods for their employees, hoping to benefit from increased productivity and cognitive performance. But it is also true that naps can cause problems.circadian adj. 生理节奏的,昼夜节律的 notorious adj. 声名狼藉的,众所周知的(常指不好的事情) lull n. 间歇,平静期 pod n. 小舱,隔间 cognitive adj. 认知的 Let's start by thinking about the length. (Q2) A true power nap should be less than half an hour. Any longer, and it becomes hard to rouse yourself from. Any benefits in terms of alertness are likely to disappear with the grogginess that results from a longer period of slumber.grogginess n. 昏昏沉沉,虚弱无力slumber n. 睡眠,微睡 This isn't the only issue. Naps have been linked to conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure and cardiac problems. However, it's not clear whether these are direct results, or stem from the impact of napping on our sleep habits. (Q3) If you take a nap after about two or three in the afternoon, it's likely to have a negative effect on your ability to get to sleep at night. Breaking your sleep cycle can lead to bad sleeping habits, which themselves become ingrained.cardiac adj. 心脏的 ingrain v. 使根深蒂固 Of course, in the same way that naps can lead to bad sleep, it's also true that bad sleep can lead to wanting to take more naps. (Q4) So, if you find yourself frequently needing to sleep during the day, experts suggest that you consider why that's the case. Are there any potential health issues that could be causing insomnia? Or are work pressure stopping you from getting enough sleep?insomnia n. 失眠 Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处:It is true that a short nap can help people be more alert, improve their memory and concentration, and reduce risks around tasks with heavy machinery. 意为:“的确,小睡片刻能帮助人们更加清醒,提升记忆力和专注力,还能降低操作重型机械等作业时的风险。” 因此正确答案为B。 Q2.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处:A true power nap should be less than half an hour. 意为:“真正的有效小憩时间应控制在半小时以内。。” 文章明确指出,有效小睡的时间应该少于半小时,超过这个时间可能会导致昏昏沉沉,并抵消小睡的益处,因此正确答案为A。 Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处:If you take a nap after about two or three in the afternoon, it's likely to have a negative effect on your ability to get to sleep at night. Breaking your sleep cycle can lead to bad sleeping habits, which themselves become ingrained. 意为:“如果你在下午两三点之后小睡,很可能会对夜间入睡能力产生负面影响。打乱睡眠周期会导致不良的睡眠习惯,而这些习惯本身又会变得根深蒂固。”因此正确答案为C。 Q4.【答案】B【解析】推理题。题目出处:So, if you find yourself frequently needing to sleep during the day, experts suggest that you consider why that's the case. Are there any potential health issues that could be causing insomnia? Or are work pressures stopping you from getting enough sleep? 意为:“因此,如果你发现自己经常需要在白天睡觉,专家建议你思考原因。是否存在可能导致失眠的潜在健康问题?或者工作压力是否阻碍你获得足够的睡眠?从中可以推断,频繁白天小睡可能表明存在潜在健康问题或压力,因此正确答案为B。 Q5.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。文章主要讨论了小睡的好处和可能引发的问题,包括提高注意力和记忆力的益处,以及可能导致睡眠周期紊乱和健康问题。因此正确答案为D。 (本文图片来源于摄图网,版权归摄图网所有)

教学素材 | 人工智能会让你变笨吗?

Will AI Make You Stupid? 人工智能会让你变笨吗?难度:CET-6 偏难刘立军供稿Artificial intelligence (AI) promises greater efficiency and convenience—but is it silently weakening our ability to think? 人工智能(AI)会带来更高的效率和便利——但它是否也在悄悄削弱我们的思考能力?Early Warning Signs from Research 研究中的早期预警信号A recent MIT study raises serious concerns. Students using ChatGPT during essay-writing sessions displayed significantly reduced brain activity in regions tied to creativity and attention, as measured by EEG scans. They also struggled to recall specific parts of the content they had just written. This suggests that while AI may speed up tasks, it may also impair memory and critical engagement. 麻省理工学院最近的一项研究引发了严重担忧。研究发现,在撰写文章的过程中使用 ChatGPT 的学生,通过脑电图扫描测量的其与创造力和注意力相关的脑区活动显著减少。他们还难以回忆起自己刚刚写过的内容的具体部分。这表明,尽管人工智能可能加快任务的完成速度,但也可能损害记忆力和深度思考能力。This isn’t an isolated finding. Microsoft Research surveyed 319 professionals regularly using generative AI for over 900 tasks. Only around 60% of those tasks required deep thinking—most were routine and described as “mindless.” The majority of respondents admitted they exerted significantly less mental effort when using AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, or Copilot. 这并非孤立现象。微软研究院对319名经常使用生成式人工智能完成900多项任务的专业人士进行了调查。结果显示,只有大约60%的任务需要深入思考——大多数任务都是例行公事,被描述为“不动脑筋”的工作。大多数受访者承认,使用 ChatGPT、Gemini 或 Copilot 等 AI 工具时,他们的脑力投入明显减少。Similarly, a study by Michael Gerlich at SBS Swiss Business School found that heavy AI users scored lower on critical-thinking assessments. Hundreds of educators reached out to him afterward, confirming they’ve seen the same trend in classrooms: students increasingly dependent on AI struggle with independent reasoning. 同样,SBS 瑞士商学院Michael Gerlich博士的研究也发现,频繁使用人工智能的人在批判性思维评估中的得分较低。研究发表后,数百名教育工作者联系了他,证实他们在课堂上也观察到了类似趋势:越来越依赖 AI 的学生在独立思考方面遇到了困难。Is AI the Cause—or Just a Symptom? 是 AI 导致的,还是只是表象?Researchers caution that these studies don’t yet prove a direct causal link. The MIT study had only 54 participants, and Gerlich’s findings may reflect a different issue: perhaps those who already lack strong critical thinking skills are more likely to rely on AI. Still, the consistent pattern across different studies makes this an issue worth urgent attention. 研究人员警告说,这些研究尚未证明人工智能使用与思维能力下降之间存在直接的因果关系。麻省理工的研究仅涉及54名参与者,而 Gerlich博士的发现可能反映了另一个问题:也许那些原本缺乏批判性思维能力的人更倾向于依赖 AI。尽管如此,不同研究中一致的结果表明,这个问题值得高度关注。The Bigger Risk: Outsourcing Thought 更大的风险:外包思考Throughout history, technological tools have helped reduce mental workload—writing, calculators, GPS. But as psychologist Evan Risko notes, generative AI introduces a new level of cognitive offloading. While it’s harmless to delegate arithmetic, offloading complex thinking—like writing, decision-making, or problem-solving—could weaken our cognitive endurance over time. 纵观历史,技术工具一直在帮助人们减轻脑力负担——从文字书写、计算器到 GPS。但正如心理学家 Evan Risko 所指出的,生成式 AI 引入了一种新的“认知外包”层次。虽然将算术任务交给机器无伤大雅,但将写作、决策或解决问题等涉及复杂思考的任务外包,可能会逐渐削弱我们的认知耐力。This could lead to a self-reinforcing loop of “cognitive miserliness,” where users consistently choose the path of least effort. As AI becomes the default, our brains grow accustomed to underperforming. One participant in Gerlich’s study admitted: “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” 这可能导致一种“认知懒惰”的循环,即用户总是选择最省力的方式,且这一循环会自我强化。当 AI 成为默认选项,我们的大脑也会逐渐习惯低效运作。Gerlich博士的研究中有一位参与者坦言:“我对 AI 如此依赖,甚至我觉得没有它我都不知道怎么解决一些问题。”The Economic and Creative Cost 经济与创造力的代价Businesses are betting heavily on AI for productivity gains. But there’s a catch. Barbara Larson of Northeastern University warns that a long-term decline in critical thinking could reduce competitiveness—and make workers more replaceable. 企业正大力押注 AI 来提升生产力。但这也存在隐患。东北大学的 Barbara Larson教授警告说,长期来看,批判性思维能力的下降可能会削弱企业的竞争力,让员工更容易被取代。Creativity is also at risk. In one study, participants were asked to come up with novel uses for objects like a car tyre or a pair of trousers. Those exposed to AI suggestions gave less original answers. For example, ChatGPT proposed using trousers as part of a scarecrow—essentially, trousers as trousers. A human, unaided, turned them into a quirky bird feeder. Clearly, relying on AI can narrow the scope of imagination. 创造力也面临威胁。在一项研究中,参与者被要求想象一个汽车轮胎或一条裤子有什么新的用途。接受过 AI 建议的人给出的答案缺乏原创性。例如,ChatGPT 提议将裤子用作稻草人的一部分——本质上还是作为裤子的用途。而一个没有借助 AI 的人则将其改造成了一种有趣的鸟食器。显然,过度依赖 AI 会限制想象力的广度。Smarter Ways to Use AI 更聪明地使用 AI 的方法The solution isn’t to abandon AI—but to use it more wisely. Dr. Larson advises treating AI as a helpful but naive assistant, not an expert. Dr. Gerlich recommends prompting AI step by step, rather than asking for a final answer. Instead of “Where should I go for a sunny holiday?” start with “Which destinations have the least rainfall?” This preserves the user’s role as the thinker. 解决方案不是放弃 AI,而是更聪明地使用它。Larson 博士建议将 AI 视为一个有用但不够成熟的助手,而不是专家。Gerlich博士则建议分步骤向 AI 提问,而不是直接要一个最终答案。例如,不要问“我该去哪里度假?”而是先问“哪些地方降雨最少?”,这样可以保留用户作为思考者的角色。Microsoft researchers are also exploring AI designs that encourage critical thinking. Some experimental chatbots interrupt users with challenging prompts or probing questions—transforming them from passive answer machines into interactive thought partners. A concept that Socrates, the father of inquiry-based learning, would likely applaud. 微软的研究人员也在探索鼓励批判性思维的 AI 设计。一些实验性聊天机器人会通过带有挑战性的提示词或探究性的提问来打断用户,将自身从被动的回答机器转变为互动型的思考伙伴。这种理念或许会受到苏格拉底——探究式学习之父——的赞赏。The Limits of Forcing Engagement 强制参与的局限性Yet even thoughtful interventions can backfire. A study found that AI “provocations” reduced performance in weaker programmers. And more forceful methods—like requiring users to generate their own response before accessing AI—are unlikely to be welcomed. As Microsoft’s Zana Buçinca explains, “People don’t like to be pushed to engage.” Indeed, a global survey by Oliver Wyman showed that 47% of respondents would use generative AI tools even if banned by their employer. 然而,即使是经过深思熟虑的干预也可能适得其反。一项研究发现,AI 的“挑战性提问”反而会降低编程能力较弱者的表现。而更强制性的方法——比如要求用户在访问 AI 前必须先自行生成答案——也不太可能受欢迎。正如来自微软的Zana Buçinca 所说:“人们不喜欢被强迫去思考。”事实上,奥纬咨询公司(Oliver Wyman)的一项全球调查显示,47%的受访者即使雇主禁止,也会继续使用生成式 AI 工具。A Tool, Not a Crutch AI:工具,而非拐杖AI is still young, and for now, the human brain remains the most versatile tool we have. But we must be careful not to trade long-term mental sharpness for short-term convenience. If strong evidence continues to show that AI dulls critical and creative thinking, we’ll face a choice: adjust how we use it—or risk becoming intellectually dependent on it. 人工智能仍处于早期阶段,目前,人类大脑仍然是我们最灵活的工具。但我们必须小心,不要为了短期便利而牺牲长期的思维敏锐性。如果越来越多的证据显示 AI 确实削弱了批判性与创造性思维,我们将面临一个选择:调整使用方式——或冒着在智力上对AI愈加依赖的风险。The question is not just can AI make us less intelligent—but will we notice before it does? 问题不仅仅是 AI 是否会让人类变笨——而在于我们是否在它将我们变笨之前就能察觉到?【词汇】 1. offload v. 卸载,转移 2. miserliness n. 吝啬 3. quirky adj. 匆匆做成的,速成的 4. backfire v. 事与愿违,产生反效果 5. crutch n. 拐杖,依赖物 (本文图片均来源于网络,仅供学习交流使用,侵删)

新闻听力 | 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡:哪一个最好?

Morning shower or evening shower: Which is best? 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡:哪一个最好?常速 | 四级 偏易 | 408词 | 3min4s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to microbiologist Primrose Freestone, what is a benefit of showering in the morning?A. It removes bacteria from bed sheets.B. It stops you shedding dead skin cells.C. It helps improve sleep quality.D. It eliminates allergens picked up during the day.Q2. What does Nancy Rothstein suggest about evening showers?A. They are necessary to remove pollen and dust.B. They are essential for preparing for bed.C. They are less effective than morning showers.D. They help maintain skin cleanliness during sleep.Q3. According to the text, what can nighttime warm showers improve?A. Skin hydration.B. Body awareness.C. Sleep quality.D. Morning freshness.Q4. What can be inferred about the choice between morning and evening showers?A. It depends on personal preference and lifestyle.B. Morning showers are scientifically proven to be better.C. Evening showers are more beneficial for physical health.D. The choice is irrelevant to maintaining cleanliness.Q5. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To explain the health benefits of evening showers.B. To discuss the impact of showering on sleep quality.C. To highlight the importance of showering daily.D. To compare the advantages of morning and evening showers.Part II. TRANSCRIPTMorning shower or evening shower: Which is best? Do you need an energizing blast of water in the morning to wake you up for the day? Or do you prefer a relaxing, warm shower in the evening to help you wind down as part of your nighttime routine? Maybe you just shower whenever you feel like it. For something so many of us do, this topic is bound to divide opinion and stir up passion from both sides. But is one really better than the other?After a long day in the outside world, picking up pollutants and allergens on your skin and in your hair such as dust and pollen, a reasonable instinct would be to wash it all off before getting into bed. That’s what the evening shower enthusiasts would say. But, says microbiologist Primrose Freestone, no matter the air temperature, you will continue to sweat during the night. Bacteria on your skin then eat the nutrients in your sweat which is what causes BO. Showering at night also doesn’t stop you shedding dead skin cells. All this means you may not wake up feeling as fresh as you had hoped. [Q1] Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. “As a microbiologist, I am a day shower advocate,” she says.allergens n. 过敏原pollen n. 花粉nutrient n. 营养物质microbiologist n. 微生物学家BO (body odor) 汗臭,体臭But it’s not all about cleanliness. Nancy Rothstein, who calls herself The Sleep Ambassador, is concerned with sleep quality. (Q2) In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. “Call it an opportunity to shower yourself with mindfulness,” she says. And research backs this up. (Q3) A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep.(Q4) What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. If you’re someone who can’t fully relax in bed until you’ve showered, you’re likely an evening shower person. Whereas, if you can’t stand the idea of putting on fresh, clean clothes in the morning when you haven’t showered, then a morning rinse is probably more your style. Whenever you choose to shower, Primrose Freestone says it’s important to clean your bed sheets regularly to remove all the sweat, bacteria and dead skin cells that build up and can negatively affect the effectiveness of your showers.rinse n. 冲洗Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处:Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. 意为:早上洗澡可以帮助去除床单上的死皮细胞、汗液或任何细菌。正确答案为A。Q2.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处:In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. 意为:在她看来,晚上洗澡是“准备就寝”过程中必不可少的一环。正确答案为B。Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处:A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep. 意为:2019年发表在《睡眠医学评论》上的一项系统性研究发现,每晚在睡前一到两个小时进行温水淋浴或沐浴可以改善睡眠。正确答案为C。Q4.【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处:What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. 意为:归根结底,这取决于你想在什么时候感觉最清爽。由此可以推断,选择早上或晚上洗澡取决于个人偏好和生活方式,因此正确答案为A。Q5.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。整篇文章主要讨论了早上洗澡和晚上洗澡的优缺点,并比较了它们的不同效果。因此正确答案为D。 (本文图片均来源于网络,仅供学习交流使用,侵删)

新闻听力 | 冬季如何保持好心情

冬季如何保持好心情How to Keep from Feeling Down in the Winter 慢速| 四级 偏难 | 835词 | 8分16秒刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is seasonal affective disorder (SAD) commonly associated with?A. Increased sunlight exposure.B. High temperatures in summer.C. Changes in daylight hours.D. Lack of physical activity.Q2. How do specialized cells in the eyes affect mood according to the report?A. By producing more serotonin.B. By turning blue light into brain signals.C. By increasing blood circulation.D. By reducing stress hormones.Q3. What is one suggested treatment for SAD mentioned in the report?A. Using a light therapy device.B. Taking cold showers.C. Eating more carbohydrates.D. Sleeping during the day.Q4. Why might Miriam Cherry’s planting of early-blooming flowers be significant for her?A. It provides a hobby to pass the time.B. It attracts more sunlight to her home.C. It helps her reduce heating costs.D. It serves as a reminder that winter will end.Q5. What is the main idea of the Health & Lifestyle report?A. Seasonal affective disorder is incurable.B. There are various treatments available for managing seasonal affective disorder.C. Light therapy is the only effective treatment for seasonal affective disorder.D. Seasonal affective disorder only affects people in cold climates.Part II. TRANSCRIPTHow to Keep from Feeling Down in the WinterFrom VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.(Q1) As fall and winter come to some parts of the world, daylight hours grow shorter. This lack of light can cause seasonal depression.“It is a feeling of panic, fear, anxiety and dread all in one,” said Germaine Pataki. The 63-year-old woman living in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, is among the millions of people estimated to have seasonal affective disorder, or SAD.dread n. 恐惧,畏惧 disorder n. 混乱,失调To deal with her condition, Pataki uses yoga, walking, and an antidepressant medication. She is also part of a Facebook group for people with SAD and helps others deal with the condition. Pataki said, “This gives me purpose.”yoga n. 瑜伽medication n. 药物,药物治疗People with SAD usually have depression that begins in the fall and eases in the spring or summer. Changing the clocks back to standard time, which happens in autumn in the United States, can also cause SAD to start.Medical experts say there is a milder form, called subsyndromal SAD. There is also summer seasonal depression but less is known about that.In 1984, a team led by Dr. Norman Rosenthal, then a researcher at the National Institutes of Health, first described SAD. He invented the term.What causes seasonal affective disorder?Scientists are still learning the causes of seasonal affective disorder. (Q2) They have found that specialized cells in our eyes turn the blue wavelength of the light into neural, or brain signals. These signals affect mood and wakefulness, or alertness.neural adj. 神经的Sunlight has a lot of blue light. So, when the cells sense this blue light, the alertness centers of our brains turn on. We feel more alert and possibly even happier.Kathryn Roecklein is a researcher at the University of Pittsburgh. She tested people with and without SAD to see how their eyes reacted to blue light. As a group, people with SAD were less sensitive to blue light than others, especially during winter months. That suggests a cause for wintertime depression.“In the winter, when the light levels drop, that, combined with a lower sensitivity, might be too low for healthy functioning, leading to depression,” Roecklein said.Miriam Cherry is 50 years old and lives in New York state. She spent the summer planning how she would deal with her winter depression. “It’s like clockwork,” Cherry said. “The sunlight is low. The day ends at 4:45, and suddenly my mood is horrible.”clockwork n. 钟表机械Light therapy can help(Q3) Many people with SAD respond to light therapy, said Dr. Paul Desan of Yale University’s Winter Depression Research Clinic. The therapy devices give off light about 20 times brighter than regular indoor light.“The first thing is to try light,” Desan said. “When we get patients on exposure to bright light for a half an hour or so every morning, the majority of patients get dramatically better. We don’t even need medications.”There is research that supports the idea that using a light that has a brightness of about 10,000 lux can be helpful. Lux is a measurement of brightness.The research suggests that a person use it for 30 minutes every morning. Desan said this can help not only people with SAD but also those with less-severe, low moods in winter.What else might work?Experts suggest other forms of treatment. Doctors often suggest antidepressant medications as a first-line treatment for SAD. They also suggest going to bed and waking up at about the same time each day. Also, exercise such as walking outside, even on cloudy days, can help.Kelly Rohan is a researcher at the University of Vermont. Rohan said another treatment is talk therapy. Also called cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT, Rohan said it has been shown in studies to have more long-lasting effects. CBT involves working with a therapist to identify and change unhelpful thoughts.cognitive adj. 认知的“A very common thought that people have is ‘I hate winter,’” Rohan said. She suggests that people instead say, “I prefer summer to winter.”Working with a therapist can help people take small steps toward having fun again, Rohan said. Try planning undemanding but enjoyable activities to break out of a bad mood. Rohan said simply meeting a friend for coffee can help.People with SAD have half the year to create helpful methods. Some have found things that work for them — although they might not be the subject of scientific research.For example, in Folsom, California, Elizabeth Wescott says she believes a kind of water therapy helps her. The 69-year-old uses water therapy used in sports medicine. When she showers, she changes between hot and cold water. She also uses a light box and takes an antidepressant. “I’m always looking for new tools,” Wescott said.In New York, Miriam Cherry grows the earliest blooming flowers. They bloom as early as February.(Q4) “That’s going to be a sign to me that this isn’t going to last forever,” Cherry said. “It will get better, and spring is on the way.”And that’s the Health & Lifestyle report.Part III. KEYQ1. C. 【解析】细节题。根据:“As fall and winter come to some parts of the world, daylight hours grow shorter. This lack of light can cause seasonal depression.” 可知随着秋冬季节的到来,白天的时间变得越来越短,这种日光时间不足可能会引发季节性抑郁症。因此答案是C。Q2. B. 【解析】细节题。根据:“They have found that specialized cells in our eyes turn the blue wavelength of the light into neural, or brain signals. These signals affect mood and wakefulness, or alertness.” 可知眼中的特殊细胞将蓝光波长转化为神经或大脑信号,进而影响情绪和清醒度。因此答案是B。Q3. A.【解析】细节题。根据:“Many people with SAD respond to light therapy.” 文章中提及光疗对许多患有SAD的人有效,是建议的一个疗法。因此答案是A。Q4. D. 【解析】推理题。根据:“‘That’s going to be a sign to me that this isn't going to last forever,’ Cherry said. ‘It will get better, and spring is on the way.’” 可知Cherry将花作为一种信号,提醒自己这不会永远持续下去。情况会好转,冬天即将结束,春天即将来临。因此答案是D。Q5. B.【解析】主旨题。报告讨论了针对季节性情感障碍的各种治疗方法,包括光疗、药物治疗和认知行为疗法等。因此答案是B。(本文图片均来源于网络,仅供学习交流使用,侵删)

新闻听力 | 脑震荡

脑震荡Concussion常速 | 四级 较易 | 854词 | 5min13s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What type of injury is concussion according to Dr. Tarun Dua?A. A minor skin injury.B. A type of traumatic brain injury.C. A psychological disorder.D. A temporary loss of consciousness.Q2. In which situations can concussion occur?A. Only during contact sports.B. Only when there is a direct blow to the head.C. When there is a bump, blow to the head or even to the body.D. When there is a loss of balance due to aging.Q3. What are some common symptoms of concussion?A. Headache, nausea, and loss of balance.B. Convulsions and immediate loss of consciousness.C. Sleep problems and weakness only.D. Pressure sensation and memory issues.Q4. What is one of the prevention measures for concussion mentioned by Dr. Tarun Dua?A. Assuming that concussions are not serious.B. Ignoring the home environment for potential hazards.C. Engaging in high-risk sports without protective gear.D. Wearing a helmet while riding a bicycle.Q5. What is the primary prevention strategy for concussion at home according to the conversation?A. Ensuring good lighting to avoid falls.B. Making the home environment fall-free.C. Installing safety rails in every room.D. Regularly checking for structural damage in the house.Q6. What should one do if they suspect they have a concussion?A. Wait for the symptoms to disappear.B. Ignore the incident if there is no visible injury.C. Rest for a few days and then resume normal activities.D. Seek medical help immediately.Q7. What is the main message of the conversation about concussion treatment?A. Concussions will go away on their own.B. Rest is crucial for recovery.C. Medical evaluation is not necessary.D. Long-term impacts can be ignored.Q8. What is the importance of avoiding repeat concussions?A. They can lead to long-term damage, including dementia.B. They cause immediate convulsions.C. They are more painful than the first concussion.D. They require more expensive treatments.Q9. Which group is particularly vulnerable to the long-term impacts of concussion?A. Senior citizens.B. People who work in construction.C. Children who play sports.D. Individuals who have a history of seizures.Part II. TRANSCRIPT ConcussionTranscriptVGS: It’s a wet and rainy day in Geneva but Science in 5 crew is very determined. It’s an all-women crew today. So come rain and shine, we’re going to shoot this. We’re going to talk about concussion today. If you have children who play sports or you play sports, you need to know about concussion. What is it? How will you know if you have concussion? And what can you do to prevent it? And here to talk about it today is Dr Tarun Dua. Welcome Tarun.concussion n. 脑震荡TD: Hi!VGS: Tarun, talk to us about what is concussion.TD: (Q1) So, concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury. (Q2) So, if you have a bump, blow to the head or even to the body. What happens is, the forces can lead to your brain moving and bouncing around, leading to damage to brain cells. And any activity can cause concussion. So, for example, you fall in this wet, rainy field or you are playing sports, like football, It also happens during road traffic accidents. For example, in Australia, one in five people who presented to the hospital with concussion, they had it while playing sports.traumatic adj. 外伤的VGS: So, we’ve just established that these are pretty perfect conditions for a concussion that we are filming in. But, actually, I fell down a little while ago and I was wondering if I had concussion. I didn’t know what the symptoms would be. Can you talk about that?TD: So, concussion is not something that you will see outside and the other thing is, it’s not that symptoms are going to happen immediately. They can actually also happen up to 72 hours after the injury. (Q3) So common symptoms are you will have headache or pressure sensation, nausea, feeling dizzy, loss of balance, memory, unable to focus, sleep problems. So these are very common problems. Then sometimes you have severe symptoms, like convulsions. You can have loss of consciousness or weakness or numbness and that means you need to, in any case, you need to go immediately to get any help. So, did you have any of those symptoms, Vismita?sensation n. 感觉nausea n. 恶心,反胃convulsion n. 痉挛numbness n. 麻木VGS: Well, no, I think I felt a little bit of brain fog or a little bit of confusion which is what worried me. But also, it’s about sometimes, when you take a fall you’ve also not really thought about the fact that with, as you age, you need to work on your balance better and stuff like that. So talk to us also about the prevention of concussion.TD: There are many things all of us can do. (Q4) So, for example, riding a bicycle, wear a helmet. (Q5) Home environment, make sure that your carpets and cables are not interrupting. And especially for older people, they’re very important, that we make our homes friendly and fall free as much as possible. Playing contact sports, ensure that you are wearing protective equipment, you are aware of your surroundings. So I’m looking around, the ball is not going to come and hit me. And do not take unnecessary risk. This is especially true for young people. So, these are many things that we can do to prevent concussion.helmet n. 头盔VGS: Talk about the treatment of concussion. Sometimes you hear that, ‘Oh, it’s okay, it will just go away.’ Is that true, for instance?TD: One of the things about concussion is not everyone is aware about it and so very often it goes undetected. People don’t know and they don’t go to seek medical help. (Q6) So it’s very important, that if you have had a fall, just ensure that you seek medical help. Go and show it to the doctor. That evaluation is extremely important and the second is that (Q7) you need to take rest, both physical and mental because it will help you recover quickly. (Q8) And the third thing that you need to do is avoid repeat injuries. Avoid repeat concussion because we know repeat concussions can lead to long-term damage, including dementia. dementia n. 痴呆,精神错乱VGS: That sounds very scary, especially because senior citizens will also experience, sometimes, increased falls and that can actually contribute to dementia, you said, right? Talk to us about some other long-term impacts of concussion.TD: You can have long-term memory problems, you can have long-term sleep problems. It can impact your education, learning. (Q9) I’m thinking about the young people and also, especially if you’re thinking about sports, because, you know, you’re getting it at a young age we are worried about the risk of neurocognitive issues such a dementia.VGS: We’re going to wrap up, but give our audience a few tips for how to avoid concussion.TD: Important is that wear protective equipment, you are riding a bicycle, you are playing a sport. When you are in your home, just ensure that you are keeping your carpets, your cables, so that you are not falling down on any of those surfaces and be aware of your surroundings.VGS: Thank you, Tarun. That was Science in 5, today, from a wet and rainy Geneva. Until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy and stick with science. Part III. KEYQ1. B. 【解析】细节题。根据“So, concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury.”,可知脑震荡是一种创伤性脑损伤。因此答案为B。Q2. C. 【解析】细节题。根据“So, if you have a bump, blow to the head or even to the body.”,可知如果你头部甚至身体受到撞击、击打就会引发脑震荡。因此答案为C。Q3. A. 【解析】细节题。根据“common symptoms are you will have headache or pressure sensation, nausea, feeling dizzy, loss of balance...”,可知常见的症状包括头痛或压迫感、恶心、头晕、平衡失调等。因此答案为A。Q4. D. 【解析】细节题。根据“So, for example, riding a bicycle, wear a helmet.”,可知骑自行车时要戴头盔是一种预防措施。因此答案为D。Q5. B. 【解析】细节题。根据“Home environment, make sure that your carpets and cables are not interrupting ... that we make our homes friendly and fall free as much as possible.”,可知在家庭环境方面,要确保地毯和电线不会造成阻碍,特别是对老年人来说,尤为重要,要尽可能使我们的家变得友好且无跌倒风险。因此答案为B。Q6. D. 【解析】细节题。根据“So it’s very important, that if you have had a fall, just ensure that you seek medical help.”,可知如果你摔倒了,一定要寻求医疗帮助。因此答案为D。Q7. B. 【解析】主旨题。整个对话都在讨论脑震荡的治疗和恢复,特别是在“you need to take rest, both physical and mental because it will help you recover quickly.”这句话中强调了休息对于恢复的重要性。因此答案为B。Q8. A. 【解析】细节题。根据“and the third thing that you need to do is avoid repeat injuries. Avoid repeat concussion because we know repeat concussions can lead to long-term damage, including dementia.”,可知第三件事是避免重复受伤。避免再次脑震荡,因为反复脑震荡可能导致长期损伤,包括痴呆症。因此答案为A。Q9.C. 【解析】细节题。根据“I’m thinking about the young people and also, especially if you’re thinking about sports, because, you know, you’re getting it at a young age we are worried about the risk of neurocognitive issues such a dementia.”,可知Dr. Tarun Dua想到年轻人,尤其是参与体育运动的年轻人,因为他们从很小的年纪就开始参与,他们担忧其可能会增加神经认知问题的风险,如痴呆。因此答案为C。(本文图片均来源于网络,仅供学习交流使用,侵删)

第12届教学大赛商务英语组特等奖潘紫萌授课

授课点评:潘紫萌老师在本次大赛中与来自全国各地的商务英语优秀教师展开激烈角逐,在教学理念、教学方法、课堂设计、英语素质、商务知识、教姿教态、师生互动等方面的表现都较突出,最后以总分第一荣获特等奖。潘老师以准确的英语发音先声夺人,丰富的表达方式、适中的语调语速和端庄的教姿教态也令人印象深刻。在课程设计环节,为实现其教学目标,她选择business ethics作为主题,介绍了教学目标、学生特征、以学生为中心和以产出为导向的教学理念,以及线上线下结合、传统和高科技媒体结合等丰富多彩的教学方式。这份介绍全面立体但简明扼要,为后面的演示(demo)课提供了一个很好的支撑。由于大赛的授课时间有限,潘老师突出重点,在演示课上只展示教学方案的第三步,即participatory learning 1 和 post assessment 1。她采用BOPPPS(bridge in, objectives, pre-assessment, participatory learning, post assessment, summary)模型,通过德国大众汽车减排作假、中国支付宝公益植树项目等案例,教学目标涵盖商务英语知识、技能、以及相关的伦理和价值观等。在短短的十几分钟里要达到这么多项教学目标绝非易事。潘老师通过一系列的短视频、多种教学方法(如听力填空、案例讨论、汉译英、样本对话补正等)以及活泼的师生互动,较好地实现了教学目标,显示出选手突出的课堂组织能力。商务英语教学起源于英美等国,因此基本使用本国素材、讲本国故事。传入中国后,主要使用外国素材、讲外国故事。令人欣喜的是,潘老师注意突出中国特色,多次引用中国案例,讲授中国故事,传播中国价值观。加上她出色的英语基本功和良好的师生互动,使得教学过程十分流畅,也没有不同文化同场展示的违和感。总而言之,潘紫萌老师在授课环节的各方面表现都很优秀。不足之处当然也有。首先, 8’13’’开始的讨论过于仓促,只有18秒, 8’31’’就结束了。由于讨论不充分,在随后的问答环节中,更多的回答似乎来自老师而不是学生。第二个是要增加教学过程的自然自发 (spontaneity)。不知是因为课前多次排练还是老师特意要求,学生的产出只有一次对话(17’40’’)相对自然,其他的多次回答虽准确无误,但都像中国小学生朗读课文或回答问题,语音、语调、语速都过于整齐合一,这不利于培养学生的英语实际表达能力。点评专家:陈准民

第12届教学大赛英语专业组特等奖胡笑然授课

授课点评:胡笑然老师以充分的课前准备、认真的育人态度、专业的学科素养、科学的教学方法,在限定的20分钟时间内出色地完成了所指定的授课任务,为全国高校英语专业师生呈现了一堂值得学习和反思的短课。在整个授课过程中,胡老师精神饱满,着装端庄,形象甜美,教态自然,认真专注,热情友好,充满活力,展现了良好的个人魅力,体现了青年教师的时代风貌。胡老师具有扎实的英语基本功、娴熟的课堂掌控能力和应变能力、流畅的语言表达能力;综述简洁明了,呈现单元设计、教学目标、相关活动和拟用时间;授课有明确的目标,以学生为中心,围绕单元主题和语篇意义,突出重点,聚焦难点,讲解和引导规范适切。胡老师有自己的教学理念,能运用一定的教学理论,遵循“题材—功能—活动”的教学原则,重视语言感知和信息获取,围绕单元主题展开教学,各教学步骤衔接自然。能注重培养学生的观察力、想象力和分析能力,积极帮助学生通过语篇学习,了解重要概念以及语篇作者的观念和意图,努力激发学生对语篇主题的学习兴趣,师生之间有积极的互动和良好的交流。能充分利用和发挥电子课件的辅助教学功能, PPT和嵌入视频有良好的功能性和实用性,形式与内容相吻合,体现了课件形式与课文内容、教学手段与教学目的有机关联和主从关系,发挥了现代化教学资源及手段的教学辅助作用,增强了学生对单元主题和语言表述的理解。从整体上看,胡老师的授课比较成功。授课目的明确,授课重点突出,内容讲解清晰,活动安排合理,起承转合自然,师生互动自然,课件使用得当,教学效果较好。当然,她所展示的这堂英语短课仍存在以下待改进之处:授课停留在主题词语的概念解读层面,对主题意义的挖掘不够深入;教师个人主导成分太强,讲解和提问过多,学生活动不足,活动形式比较单一;时间把握不够合理,没有时间结尾,匆忙收课,无法安排课后作业和课外活动;授课时间用于教学,缺乏对教学成效的必要评价活动,难以确定单元教学目标的达成。建议胡老师在今后的教学研究和实践中,更加重视单元设计的完整性和课堂教学的有效性,关注输入与输出、课内与课外、语篇意义与语言形式的协调,注重教学手段、过程、效果的统一,促进学生在语言知识、语用技能、心智、情感、态度等方面的综合发展和提高。点评专家:梅德明

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AI辅助外语科研项目申报与论文写作发表

一、课程内容简介(一)、主题讲座外语研究项目申报与论文写作:评审标准与案例解析华中科技大学徐锦芬外语研究项目申报与论文写作需遵循差异化的评审标准,明确二者异同是提升学术成果质量的关键。本报告首先系统分析项目书与论文在结构要素(如研究动机、文献综述、研究设计)和评审侧重(如创新性、可行性、学术规范性)上的共性与差异(如论文需结果讨论而项目书强调预期贡献)。然后结合国家社科基金申报书及学术论文的典型评审案例,通过正反对比揭示高频失分点(如问题意识模糊、方法论描述不足)与优秀范例特征(如理论框架可视化、研究设计清晰严谨),以帮助大家更好地以评审标准为准则,结合自己的研究主题完成高质量的项目申报书和论文。高级别社科基金项目申报:选题提炼 • 内容撰写 • 前期积累——以个人申报和评审经验为例北京第二外国语学院 司显柱本报告聚焦省级及以上社科基金课题申报,结合主讲人自身申报和评审经验,从基金项目申报意义、学术规划、选题提炼、申报书撰写、前期准备以及团队组建等方面进行详细阐述,以期助力和赋能项目申请人走向成功。(二)、实操工作坊AI辅助科研项目申报与论文写作发表专题工作坊1:技术理路与创新实践山东大学 杨港模块1:AI 工具赋能外语教师科研创新的理路与见解课程目标:1. 探讨如何借助 AI 工具提高研究选题的准确性和个性化2. 熟悉结合 AI 工具的实证研究设计和实施的全过程课程内容(包括但不限于):1. 利用 AI 工具开展科学研究的基本理路2. 利用 AI 工具开展科学研究的应用场景3. AI 工具与研究选题的甄别和确定4. AI 工具与实证研究设计和实施5. AI 工具与科研成果的产出和传播模块2:AI 工具赋能高校教师科研创新实践工作坊课程目标:1. 交流如何利用 AI 工具辅助课题申请书及论文写作,提高写作质量和竞争力2. 让 AI 工具成为课题申请书及论文写作与修改的咨询顾问与得力助手课程内容(包括但不限于):1. 如何借助 AI 工具高效检索和阅读文献2. 如何借助 AI 工具撰写课题申请书① 优秀课题申请书案例分享② 小组合作完成申请书撰写③ 申请书点评与修改路径分析3. 如何借助 AI 工具撰写期刊论文① CSSCI、SSCI 论文案例分享② 小组合作完成论文写作思路及部分内容③ 论文点评与修改路径分析AI辅助科研项目申报与论文写作发表专题工作坊2:学术洞察与技术路径山东大学 王峰模块一:AI赋能的科研选题挖掘与文献综述撰写课程目标:本模块以实证类外语学科课题申报为例,帮助研究者掌握基于大语言模型的文献检索、分析与整合能力,提升其对学术前沿的把握水平,从而科学、精准地确定科研选题方向,增强选题的创新性与可行性。课程内容(包括但不限于):1.大语言模型在学术资源获取中的应用·高效检索国际权威数据库(如Web of Science等)· 快速筛选高质量、高被引论文· 掌握关键词提取、主题聚类、趋势分析2. 国际前沿文献的甄别与解读· 识别外语学科研究热点与趋势· 深度解析高水平期刊论文的研究范式与理论框架· 提高综述论辩效果与逻辑性3. 选题创新性与可行性的论证准备· 确定选题范围,论证选题可行性· 提炼核心问题,设计研究方法· 生成研究路线图模块二:AI辅助下的申报书撰写与呈现优化课程目标:本模块聚焦课题申报书写作的核心环节,引导研究者运用大语言模型提升申报书的逻辑结构、论证深度与表达质量,强化申报材料的整体呈现效果,提高中标率与发表潜力。课程内容(包括但不限于):1. 申报书整体结构与逻辑优化· 构建申报书思维导图与内容提纲· 提升学术语言表达的专业性与规范性· 精准表述研究价值、创新点与预期成果· 对比分析常见错误写法与AI优化后的优质写法案例· 图表语言风格统一与学术化处理技巧2. 参考文献管理与格式标准化· 大语言模型自动识别并整理引用文献来源· 支持多种引用格式(APA、MLA、Chicago等)自动生成模块二:AI辅助下的申报书撰写与呈现优化课程目标:本模块聚焦课题申报书写作的核心环节,引导研究者运用大语言模型提升申报书的逻辑结构、论证深度与表达质量,强化申报材料的整体呈现效果,提高中标率与发表潜力。课程内容(包括但不限于):1. 申报书整体结构与逻辑优化· 构建申报书思维导图与内容提纲· 提升学术语言表达的专业性与规范性· 精准表述研究价值、创新点与预期成果· 对比分析常见错误写法与AI优化后的优质写法案例· 图表语言风格统一与学术化处理技巧2. 参考文献管理与格式标准化· 大语言模型自动识别并整理引用文献来源· 支持多种引用格式(APA、MLA、Chicago等)自动生成AI辅助科研项目申报与论文写作发表专题工作坊3:学术创新与技术跃升华东师范大学 赵朝永课程模块一:AI赋能学术创新:“道、术、器”的辩证融通课程目标:本模块在人工智能时代的技术背景下,以外语学科学术研究中“道、术、器”的有机融合为要旨,以外语研究领域(语言对比、翻译、话语分析等)某实际案例为依托,从宏观理念到具体实践,厘清构成学术研究链条“以道驭术,以术成器,器以载道”的完整体系。课程内容(包括但不限于):1.外语学术之“道”——AI时代的理论范式重构· “人机共生”时代的外语教学与研究:理论演进的AI驱动力分析· 大语言模型冲击下的学术伦理重建:透明度、问责性与主体性· 后人类学术观:当AI成为“合作者”的理论解释路径2.研究设计之“术”——智能技术赋能的方论革新· 数智技术催生研究范式变革· 理论假设与技术实现的有机融合3.技术工具之“器”——外语学术路径的智能化· 外语学习智能体· 学术研究的数智化倾向· 可视化分析工具4.伦理风险防控——智能工具的学术合规使用· AI辅助研究的学术署名边界:以翻译过程数据采集为例· 多语种语料库建设的知识产权风险分析· 国际期刊对AI工具声明的政策解读(以JoSTrans为例)课程模块二:AI赋能技术跃升:问题、方法与路径课程目标:本课程以翻译研究为核心,探讨人工智能技术如何驱动翻译领域的理论创新与实践变革。通过解析AI时代翻译研究的关键问题,系统介绍技术赋能的方法论及可行路径(情感分析、主题建模、接收效果、读者需求等),培养学员技术创新能力,推动翻译研究的技术跃升与学科发展。课程内容(包括但不限于):1.AI时代外语与翻译研究的核心问题· 人机对话式外语教学与翻译模式对传统研究的挑战· 技术颠覆与传统理论的冲突与困境· 人机互动时代的伦理边界与人文价值反思2.人工智能技术驱动的外语研究(以论文发表与项目申报为例)· 研究话题的筛选与创新· 研究范式的融合与突破· 方法和路径革新实践:人机译文对比、机器翻译质量评估研究示范、情感分析、主题建模、读者需求分析、舆情热点追踪、实时翻译策略优化等3.批判性反思与未来方向· 技术局限性讨论· 文化隐喻与外语研究的AI“盲区”· 后编辑(PE)中不可替代的人类干预· 跨学科创新路径二、主讲专家简介徐锦芬华中科技大学二级教授,博士生导师,国务院政府特殊津贴专家,中国英汉语比较研究会二语习得研究专业委员会会长、外语教师教育与发展委员会常务理事、写作教学与研究专业委员会常务理事,TESOL中国华中区域专家委员会副主任委员。研究方向为外语教育、二语习得、教师发展。主持省部级以上课题20多项;在国内外重要期刊发表论文230多篇;出版专著和主编教材30多部。潘鸣威上海外国语大学教授、博士生导师、科研处处长。上海市东方英才青年学者,上海市曙光学者。研究领域主要包括语言测试、大规模考试开发等。主持完成国家社科基金和省部级项目3项、政府委托项目4项,出版学术专著5部,在国内外学术期刊发表论文70余篇。兼任亚洲语言测试学会中国区代表、全国语言测试与评价委员会常务理事、全国高等学校英语专业四、八级考试测试专家组副组长。曾荣获上海市优秀教学成果奖一等奖、二等奖。杨港博士、博士后,山东大学外国语学院副教授、硕士生导师。研究方向为外语教学理论与实践,学术兴趣包括 AI 赋能的外语教学设计与评价、外语学习者认知与心理、外语教师发展等;主持国家社科基金一般项目、教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目、中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目、山东省本科教学改革研究项目等课题各1项、山东省社科规划研究项目2项;出版专著2部;主编教材5套14部,其中国家级规划教材6部;发表论文20余篇,其中 16篇收录于CSSCI来源期刊(如《外语界》《外语与外语教学》《外语电化教学》)、SSCI一区期刊(如 System, Education and Information Technologies, International Journal of Multilingualism);获评山东省高等教育教学成果二等奖、山东省社会科学优秀成果三等奖和山东省普通高等教育一流教材以及“宝钢教育奖励基金”和“邵一兵教育奖励基金”。主要学术兼职包括:国家社科基金项目成果鉴定专家(获全国哲学社会科学工作办公室颁发的“认真负责的鉴定专家”荣誉称号)、多家CSSCI来源期刊以及SSCI期刊审稿专家等。王峰山东大学翻译学院教授、博士生导师、博士后合作导师,同济大学文学博士、布鲁塞尔自由大学应用语言学博士,国际韩礼德语言学研究会秘书长,山东省泰山学者青年专家。研究方向:功能语篇分析、语料库翻译学。主持国家社科后期资助项目1项、国家文旅部重点课题1项、省级课题4项。在Perspectives, Critical Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences Communications,SAGE Open, Psychology in the Schools, Australian Journal of Linguistics, Style, Target, Functions of Language, Chinese Semiotic Studies,《外国语》《中国外语》《中国翻译》《外语教学》《外语研究》《外语教学理论与实践》《外语电化教学》《外语导刊》《外语学刊》《上海翻译》等国内外核心期刊上发表论文40余篇。赵朝永华东师范大学外语学院副院长、教授、博士生导师、博士后合作导师,校科学研究委员会委员。上海外国语大学翻译学博士,北京外国语大学外国语言学及应用语言学博士后。主要研究方向:语料库翻译学、英汉对比与外语教学。出版专著2部、译著10部;在SSCI、CSSCI刊物上发表论文40余篇。兼任中国传统文化翻译与国际传播研究会副会长、生态语言学专业委员会常务理事等学术职务。

AI赋能外语课堂研究:教学案例与选题设计

一、课程简介1.AI赋能外语课堂教学研究的选题凝练与案例解析华南师范大学金檀本讲座以AI赋能外语课堂教学为切入点,就“一针三库”智能教研团队在研究选题方面的一些探索与尝试进行分享。讲座由“选题凝练”与“案例解析”两大板块组成。在“选题凝练”板块,讲座将围绕“发展潜力”“前期基础”与“后期关联”阐述如何凝练出有影响、好落地、可持续的选题;在“案例解析”板块,讲座将选取AI赋能教材开发、教学设计与学生反馈的典型研究案例,剖析不同研究范式在AI赋能课堂教学研究中的应用路径。最后,讲座还会就AI赋能课堂教学研究所面临的困难与挑战进行探讨并提供建议。2.AI赋能外语课堂教学资源整合与素材分析西安交通大学 张晓鹏随着AI的迅速发展,语言教学领域正迎来一场深刻的变革。特别是在外语教育中,AI为教学资源的整合与教学素材的分析提供了全新的可能性。通过AI的应用,教师能够更加高效地组织和管理教学内容,学生则能够在个性化、互动式学习中获得更好的学习体验。本讲座旨在探讨如何利用AI技术赋能外语课堂的教学资源整合与素材分析,重点介绍以下几个方面:(1)AI在外语课堂中的应用:自然语言处理、机器学习等AI技术如何在外语教学中发挥作用。(2)教学资源整合与优化:如何利用AI整合碎片化的教学资源,并通过智能推荐与自适应学习系统实现个性化教学。(3)AI辅助素材分析与反馈:如何利用AI自动分析和处理外语学习素材,并基于反馈进行学习素材分级。(4)大语言模型与续论研究:分析AI模型如何通过语义理解与生成,提升语言交互的自然性与深度,成为学习者的“智能辅导员”。(5)未来展望与挑战:讨论教学资源整合与素材分析前沿研究课题捕捉,AI在外语教育中的应用前景与挑战。3. AI赋能外语课堂研究:教学案例与选题设计香港科技大学(广州)张铁夫(1)AI赋能下的高校外语课程教学设计创新与实践:本部分将梳理AI技术在高校外语教学设计领域的发展趋势,探讨AI在不同类型外语课程中的应用方式与潜力。将围绕教学目标、课堂活动、师生互动等核心环节,交流AI引入后带来的变化与思考,为外语课程的创新实践提供启发。(2)生成式人工智能在外语教学与科研中的潜在应用:本部分聚焦智能体在外语教育中的新兴作用,包括其在学习支持、教学管理和反馈、以及教师科研工作等方面的多重可能性。将介绍智能体与其他AI工具的基本区别,并展望未来在高校外语教育与研究中的发展前景。(3)AI应用过程中的现实难题与应对思考:本部分关注AI应用过程中涉及的伦理与道德议题,如数据安全、隐私保护和学术诚信。通过对常见问题的梳理,探讨外语教师在实践中如何应对这些挑战,保障教学的公平性与规范性。(4)教师如何把教学中的AI问题做成课题:外语教师的创新选题路径:本部分将探讨如何将日常教学中遇到的AI相关问题或经验转化为有价值的研究课题。内容涵盖问题发现、选题凝练、文献梳理到研究方案设计,为外语教师开展科研提供思路与参考。(5)经验交流与教师合作新路径:最后,通过集体讨论、经验分享和交流合作,激发参会教师的创新思考,推动形成跨校、跨学科的教师学习与研究共同体,共同探索AI赋能高校外语教育的多种可能。4. AI赋能的外语测评反馈与问卷设计:从教学实践走向科研创新广东外语外贸大学王亚冰(1)AI赋能语言测评与反馈——理念与实践。包括但不限于AI技术在语言评估中的应用现状,例如以批改网、Grammarly为代表的自动评估系统;AI反馈在教学中的案例解析,以实证论文为例。(2)AI辅助下的问卷设计与数据采集。包括但不限于高质量问卷的设计原则、ChatGPT等AI工具在问卷设计中的实用技巧、外语教学领域问卷设计的论文解析。(3)从教学问题到科研课题——选题凝练与研究设计。包括但不限于如何从教学问题中提炼研究问题、可行的研究设计框架(量化/质性/混合)、基于AI的外语教师科研选题案例分享。二、专家简介1.金檀教授、博士生导师,华南师范大学国际文化学院院长,主要研究领域为语料库语言学、语言智能教学、语言能力测评。主讲“语言、数据与研究”系列课程(外研社U讲堂),主编《外语教学智慧科研方法入门》(外教社年度好书),获国家级教学成果奖两项。主持国家社科与教育部人文社科等项目多项,担任Language Testing in Asia副主编,获省级哲学社会科学奖一项。主持搭建“一针三库智能教研平台”(LanguageData.net,微信公众号“语言数据网”),所研制的“文本分级指难针”已被国内外上万所机构的专业同行广泛采用。2.张晓鹏博士,西安交通大学教授,博士生导师,国家民委中青年英才,陕西省青年千人,广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心“续”论研究室兼职研究员,《第二语言学习研究》副主编。主持国家社科基金项目3项(重点、一般、青年各一项)。中国知网高被引学者TOP1%。在AppliedLinguistics,Language Learning,Language Teaching Research,Modern Language Journal,Second Language Research,Studies in Second Language Acquisition,《外语教学与研究》等语言学顶刊上发表论文六十余篇,出版学术专著2部。担任20多家SSCI和CSSCI语言学期刊审稿专家。3.张铁夫博士,现任香港科技大学(广州)语言教育与实践学科助理教授、语言测评负责人,2019年获悉尼大学博士学位,具备语言教育与数据科学的专业背景,被评四川外籍高层次A类人才。主要研究方向为二语习得、二语写作及语言教师教育。主持教育部人文社会科学研究项目、教育部教育考试院科研项目等多项课题,在国内外高水平期刊发表论文20余篇,现为国际期刊 System编委。4.王亚冰广东外语外贸大学英语教育学院副教授,云山青年学者。新西兰奥克兰大学博士后,香港中文大学教育心理学博士, 曾赴澳大利亚昆士兰大学心理系联合培养。近五年来在国内外权威期刊发表论文近40篇,代表作发表在《中国外语》、《外语界》、《外语教学》、System, Language Teaching Research, Assessing Writing, Education and Information Technologies, Journal of Multilingual AndMulticultural Development, Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, ClinicalPsychology Review(IF=12)等期刊。主持或参与国家级及省部级项目多项,曾获广东省哲学社会科学优秀成果奖三等奖。

2025年中国社会语言学夏日书院

一、研修内容(一)数智时代与变化世界中的社会语言学前沿在人工智能与数字技术深度重构语言生态的背景下,社会语言学正面临理论革新与方法迭代的双重机遇。本期研修将聚焦中国社会语言学的前沿动态,既介绍新时代社会语言生活变化带来的众多新议题、语言研究的新范式,也涉及社会语言学核心分支领域新趋势、数智时代全球语言生活新图景、语言田野调查新进展、AI时代的社会语言学研究新路径等。学员可了解新问题、新方法、新范式,不仅提升理论素养和实际探究能力,还能在与专家的面对面交流中获得具体指导。(二)语言研究选题与建构本模块以“问题驱动”为核心,通过工作坊形式指导学员挖掘具有学术价值与社会意义的语言研究课题。尤其关注如何选题、如何建构研究的原则和方法。由于语言是一种极其复杂的研究对象,确定研究对象与核心概念、提出恰当的研究问题、选择合理的研究方法,对能否做出科学合理的研究至关重要。富有研究经验的专家将通过讲解原理、分析案例、问答互动等方法,帮助学员了解语言研究的复杂性,掌握研究选题与建构原则的原则与方法。二、研修日程时间授课内容授课专家7月25日(周五)14:00~20:00学员报到7月26日(周六)08:30~08:45开班式08:50~10:50语言学的靶点与锚点——20年中国语言生活研究概览李宇明13:00~15:00社会语言学各分支的前沿进展与发展趋势田海龙15:30~17:30海外汉语方言流布研究的背景与方法郭 熙18:30~20:30工作坊:语言研究选题与建构刘祥柏等7月27日(周日)08:00~10:00新言语行为分析与语言研究的多维路径胡范铸10:10~12:10语言田野调查研究的理念与路径王莉宁13:50~15:50AI时代的社会语言学研究——AI与社会语言学家的合作共赢许宏晨16:00~18:00数智时代语言生活的全球图景:趋势、冲突与治理创新赵蓉晖7月28日(周一)学员返程(注:研修日程以报到日发放的最终版会务手册为准。)三、讲课专家(按姓名音序排列)郭 熙 暨南大学 教授胡范铸 华东师范大学 教授李宇明 北京语言大学 教授刘祥柏 中国社会科学院 研究员王莉宁 北京语言大学 教授田海龙 中国石油大学(北京) 教授许宏晨 北京语言大学 教授赵蓉晖 上海外国语大学 教授

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