浅谈腰部疼痛
Low Back Pain
慢速 | CET-6偏易| 567词 | 4min34s
刘立军供稿
Part I. QUESTIONS
Listen to the interview and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
Q1. What does Dr Yuka Sumi mention as a major global cause of disability?
A. Chronic diseases.
B. Obesity.
C. Aging population.
D. Chronic low back pain.
Q2. What statistic about low back pain does Dr Yuka Sumi provide for the year 2020?
A. 1 in 10 people had low back pain.
B. 1 in 13 people had low back pain.
C. 1 in 15 people had low back pain.
D. 1 in 20 people had low back pain.
Q3. What main aspect of treatment does Dr Yuka Sumi emphasize for managing chronic low back pain?
A. It should align with the patient's financial capacity.
B. It should be based on the latest medical research only.
C. It should prioritize what is important for the patient.
D. It should focus on rapid pain elimination techniques.
Q4. What does Dr Yuka Sumi advise people to do if they are unsure about their spine health or need guidance?
A. See their health workers for advice.
B. Immediately go for surgery.
C. Take anti-inflammatory medication.
D. Start physical exercise without consultation.
Q5. According to Dr Yuka Sumi, how can being physically active help individuals with chronic low back pain?
A. It can lead to an immediate cure for the condition.
B. It is only recommended for young patients.
C. It can prevent the need for any further treatment.
D. It can assist in coping with the pain.
Part II. TRANSCRIPT
Low Back Pain
Vismita Gupta-Smith: (Q1) Did you know that chronic low back pain is a major cause of disability around the world? How big is this issue? What kind of treatment should you ask for? And how can you manage your pain? Here to talk about it, is Dr Yuka Sumi. Welcome, Yuka. Talk to us about chronic low back pain. How big is this issue?
chronic adj. 长期的；慢性的；难以治愈（或根除）的
Dr Yuka Sumi: Low back pain is a common experience. (Q2) Our estimates suggest that in 2020, 1 in 13 people had low back pain. By 2050, even more people will be affected, especially in low- and middle-income countries where the population are getting bigger and people living longer. It is important to recognize that low back pain can affect people of all ages. Low back pain can badly affect your well-being and quality of life. It can impact your physical capacity, sleep, participation at school, work at home, social life and your relationships. That makes low back pain the leading cause of disability.
Vismita Gupta-Smith: Is it inevitable that as we age, we will get low back pain?
Dr Yuka Sumi: No, we all can achieve healthy aging. Low back pain is not inevitable for everyone.
Vismita Gupta-Smith: Talk to us about treatments, what kind of care should we ask for?
Dr Yuka Sumi: Treatment should consider your needs, values and preferences. I will give you examples. It might be important for you to pick up your grandchild or go for long walks or simply have a good night’s sleep. (Q3) The treatment should prioritize for you to do or to continue to do whatever that is important to you. Specific treatments might include: effective self-care, physical therapies such as exercise and massage, psychological therapies that can help you to focus on what you can do, not on the pain, and anti-inflammatory medicine. We also have evidence of what does not work. For instance, manual therapies such as traction or some electrotherapies such as ultrasound, using electric current, lumbar braces, and some medicines that do not work, such as anti-depressants and muscle relaxants.
anti-inflammatory adj. 消炎的
traction n. 牵引（使体内断骨复位的疗法）
lumbar brace 腰椎支撑器
Vismita Gupta-Smith: Once one does have low back pain, does that mean you just have to live with it? Could you share some tips to manage this pain?
Dr Yuka Sumi: Even if you have chronic low back pain, it is entirely possible for you to keep doing things that you love. Some key tips are: First, be confident in your spine and its ability to support your activities. Pain does not necessarily mean your spine is damaged. In fact, the spine is one of the strongest structures in our body. (Q4) If you’re unsure or need a guidance, see your health workers for advice. Secondly, learn how to manage flare-ups and pace yourself. Flare-ups can happen from time to time; they don’t necessarily mean you are damaging your spine. Thirdly, continue or restart physical exercise, gradually. Start at low intensity for short time periods. (Q5) Being physically active can help you to cope with chronic low back pain. Finally, discuss your chronic low back pain openly with your healthcare workers, including your mental well-being and social context, so that they can help you to identify your suitable treatment options that you can agree on and that will work best for you.
spine n. 脊柱
flare-up n. （疾病的）突发，突然加剧
Vismita Gupta-Smith: Thank you, Yuka. That was Science in 5 today. Until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy and stick with science.
Part III. KEY
Q1. D. 细节题。命题出处：“Did you know that chronic low back pain is a major cause of disability around the world?”意为：“你知道慢性腰痛是全球范围内致残的主要原因之一吗？”此句明确提到了慢性腰痛是全球范围内致残的一个主要原因。因此选D。
Q2. B. 细节题。命题出处：“Our estimates suggest that in 2020, 1 in 13 people had low back pain.” 意为：“我们的估算表明，在2020年，每13个人中就有1个人有腰痛。” 这个细节直接提供了关于2020年腰痛发生率的统计数据。因此选B。
Q3. C. 主旨题。命题出处：“The treatment should prioritize for you to do or to continue to do whatever that is important to you.”意为：“治疗应该优先考虑让你做或继续做对你来说重要的事情。”Yuka博士强调治疗应该优先考虑对患者而言重要的事项。因此选C。
Q4. A. 细节题。命题出处：“If you’re unsure or need a guidance, see your health workers for advice.”意为：“如果你不确定你的脊柱健康状况或需要指导，请咨询医疗工作者以获取建议。” 因此选A。
Q5. D. 推理题。命题出处：“Being physically active can help you to cope with chronic low back pain.”意为：“多锻炼可以帮助你应对慢性腰痛。” 根据Yuka Sumi博士的话可以推断，活动身体可以帮助应对慢性腰痛的症状。
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