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2.5分钟 2842 175wpm

新闻人物带练习新闻听力 VOA Standard 2018

纪念马丁•路德•金86岁诞辰。

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VOA常速：纪念马丁·路德·金86岁诞辰

燕山大学刘立军宋葳编写

◆TRANSCRIPT
On the third Monday of each January, Americans honor the memory of the Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King, Jr. Dr. King, a Baptist minister from the southern state of Alabama, was a leader in the U.S. Civil Rights Movement, advocating social change through non-violent means. On January 15th, he would have celebrated his eighty sixth birthday.

Believing that change does not roll in on the wheels of inevitability, but comes through continuous struggle, Dr. King organized and participated in mass-action boycotts, sit-ins, peaceful marches and other non-violent acts of civil disobedience.

Dr. King once stated that an individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the conscience of the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing the highest respect for the law. And so, activists sometimes deliberately, but peacefully and respectfully, broke laws aimed at segregating the white citizenry from the non-white, thus hoping to bring attention to the inherent unfairness of such legislation.

Thus, when a black seamstress named Rosa Parks broke the law in Montgomery, Alabama, by refusing to give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger, and subsequently was jailed for her transgression, her plight generated national attention and increasing sympathy for her cause across the country.

Dr. King's and the Civil Rights Movement's greatest achievement came in 1964, with the passage of the Civil Rights Act which outlawed segregation in public places, as well as employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender or national origin. The Civil Rights Act spawned the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which forbids racial discrimination in voting, and the 1968 Fair Housing Act, which prohibits discrimination in housing and financing for the purchase of a home, based on race and national origin.

Dr. King was thirty nine years old when he died by an assassin's bullet on April 4th, 1968. But his legacy lives on. In the fullness of time, all segregationist laws were repealed, discrimination is a legally punishable - and punished - offence.

Dr. King's life is well summed up in his own words: The quality, not the longevity, of one's life is what is important.

Adapted from 纪念马丁路德金

◆VOCABULARY

1. Reverend adj. (只用于名词前] (abbr. Rev.) the title of a member of the clergy that is also sometimes used to talk to or about one （尊称神职人员）尊敬的，可敬的。例如：
○the Reverend Charles Dodgson尊敬的查尔斯·道奇森牧师
○Good morning, Reverend. 早安，神父。

2. Baptist n. a member of a Christian Protestant Church that believes that baptism should take place when a person is old enough to understand what it means, and not as a baby 浸礼会教徒

3. inevitable adj. that you cannot avoid or prevent 不可避免的；不能防止的。例如：
○It was an inevitable consequence of the decision. 那是这个决定的必然后果。
○It was inevitable that there would be job losses. 裁员已是不可避免的事。
○A rise in the interest rates seems inevitable. 提高利率似乎是不可避免的。

4. boycott vt. 联合抵制; 抵制（货物等）; 拒绝参加

5. sit-in n. a protest in which a group of workers, students, etc. refuse to leave their factory, college, etc. until people listen to their demands （建筑物内的）静坐罢工，静坐示威。例如：to hold / stage a sit-in举行静坐示威

6. disobedience n. (不可数名词] failure or refusal to obey 不服从；不顺从；违抗

7. conscience n. (可数名词, 不可数名词] the part of your mind that tells you whether your actions are right or wrong 良心；良知。例如：
○to have a clear / guilty conscience (= to feel that you have done right / wrong) 问心无愧 / 有愧
○This is a matter of individual conscience (= everyone must make their own judgement about it). 这关系个人的良知。
○He won't let it trouble his conscience. 他不会让这件事搞得自己良心不安。

8. citizenry n. (单数名词 +单数/复数动词] (formal) (less formal in NAmE 在北美英语中不够正式) all the citizens of a particular town, country, etc. 全体市民（或公民）

9. seamstress n. (old-fashioned) a woman who can sew and make clothes or whose job is sewing and making clothes 会缝纫的女人；女裁缝

10. subsequently adv. (formal) afterwards; later; after sth. else has happened 随后；后来；之后；接着。例如：
○The original interview notes were subsequently lost. 采访记录原稿后来丢失了。
○Subsequently, new guidelines were issued to all employees. 随后，新的准则发给了所有雇员。

11. transgress v. (动词 + 名词短语] (formal) to go beyond the limit of what is morally or legally acceptable 越轨；违背（道德）；违犯（法律）

12. plight n. (单数] a difficult and sad situation 苦难；困境；苦境。例如：
○the plight of the homeless无家可归者的艰难困苦
○The African elephant is in a desperate plight. 非洲象正面临绝境。

13. outlaw v. to make sth. illegal 宣布…不合法；使…成为非法。例如：
○plans to outlaw the carrying of knives宣布携带刀具为非法的方案
○the outlawed nationalist party被宣布为非法的民族主义党

14. spawn v. (动词 + 名词短语] (often disapproving) to cause sth. to develop or be produced 引发；引起；导致；造成。例如：The band's album spawned a string of hit singles. 这支乐队的专辑繁衍出一连串走红的单曲唱片。

15. legacy n. money or property that is given to you by sb. when they die 遗产；遗赠财物。例如：They each received a legacy of $5,000. 他们每人得到了5000元的遗产。

16. repeal v. (动词 + 名词短语] if a government or other group or person with authority repeals a law, that law is no longer valid 废除，撤销，废止（法规）

◆QUESTIONS
Read the statements. Then listen to the news and check the true (√) or false (×) statements.

	True (√) or False (×)	Statements
Q1		On the third Monday of each January, Americans honor the memory of the Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King, Jr.
Q2		Dr. King was a leader in the U.S. Civil Rights Movement and a Baptist minister from the northern state of Alabama.
Q3		Dr. King advocated social change through both violent and non-violent means.
Q4		Dr. King organized and participated in mass-action boycotts, sit-ins, peaceful marches and other non-violent acts of civil disobedience.
Q5		Dr. King's and the Civil Rights Movement's greatest achievement came in 1965, with the passage of the Civil Rights Act.
Q6		The Civil Rights Act outlawed segregation in public places, as well as employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender or national origin.
Q7		The Voting Rights Act of 1965 forbids racial discrimination in voting.
Q8		The 1968 Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination in housing and financing for the purchase of a home, based on race and national origin.
Q9		Dr. King was thirty nine years old when he died by an assassin's bullet on April 4th, 1968.
Q10		Dr. King's life is well summed up in his own words: The quality, not the longevity, of one's life is what is important.

◆KEY

	True (√) or False (×)	Statements
Q1	√	On the third Monday of each January, Americans honor the memory of the Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King, Jr.
Q2	√	Dr. King was a leader in the U.S. Civil Rights Movement and a Baptist minister from the northern state of Alabama.
	正确表达	Dr. King was a leader in the U.S. Civil Rights Movement and a Baptist minister from the southern state of Alabama.
Q3	√	Dr. King advocated social change through both violent and non-violent means.
	正确表达	Dr. King advocated social change through non-violent means.
Q4	√	Dr. King organized and participated in mass-action boycotts, sit-ins, peaceful marches and other non-violent acts of civil disobedience.
Q5	√	Dr. King's and the Civil Rights Movement's greatest achievement came in 1965, with the passage of the Civil Rights Act.
	正确表达	Dr. King's and the Civil Rights Movement's greatest achievement came in 1964, with the passage of the Civil Rights Act.
Q6	√	The Civil Rights Act outlawed segregation in public places, as well as employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender or national origin.
Q7	√	The Voting Rights Act of 1965 forbids racial discrimination in voting.
Q8	√	The 1968 Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination in housing and financing for the purchase of a home, based on race and national origin.
Q9	√	Dr. King was thirty nine years old when he died by an assassin's bullet on April 4th, 1968.
Q10	√	Dr. King's life is well summed up in his own words: The quality, not the longevity, of one's life is what is important.

时长：2.5分钟

语速：175wpm

来源：刘立军宋葳 2018-03-05

练习 | VOA常速：纪念马丁•路德•金86岁诞辰

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