Everything you need to know about coronavirus, the deadly illness alarming the world (Ⅰ)

威慑全球的致命冠状病毒，你所需要了解的一切（一）

The spread of China’s coronavirus⁽¹⁾, which closed a city of 11 million, leaped across continents and raised pandemic⁽²⁾ fears, may have started with something simple — a person buying food for dinner at an outdoor market.

The potency⁽³⁾ and movement of the virus has rallied⁽⁴⁾ the cooperation of various agencies, including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ⁽⁵⁾ and World Health Organization, which declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a "public health emergency of international concern" on Thursday.

What is the novel coronavirus?

The infection⁽⁶⁾ numbers are startling⁽⁷⁾: Since Jan. 20, cases worldwide have surged⁽⁸⁾ from 282 to 9,925. The death toll⁽⁹⁾ stands at 213, according to Chinese officials. 

The current coronavirus doesn’t have an official name yet. The current designation is “2019-nCoV”⁽¹⁰⁾, with “2019” for year of discovery, “n” for novel⁽¹¹⁾ (meaning new) and “CoV” for coronavirus.

How does coronavirus compare to SARS⁽¹²⁾, MERS⁽¹³⁾ and the common flu?

Outbreaks like this have happened before, most notably⁽¹⁴⁾ with SARS in 2003 and MERS in 2015.

SARS, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, is commonly used as a reference in coronavirus coverage, since both originated in China and share characteristics. In all, 8,098 SARS cases were recorded, with a death toll of 774. That’s a fatality⁽¹⁵⁾ rate of 9.6%.

MERS, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, originated in Saudi Arabia⁽¹⁶⁾ and resulted in 2,499 cases and 861 deaths, giving it a higher fatality rate of 34.5%.

With current numbers, the fatality rate for 2019-nCoV is 2.4%. The WHO said most coronavirus cases reported to date “have been milder, with about 20% of those infected experiencing severe illness.”

Is the virus just a problem for China? Are people quarantined⁽¹⁷⁾?

The WHO classified 2019-nCoV as an emergency for China but hasn't yet designated it a world-wide emergency.

As infection numbers rise, China has ordered residents in nearly a dozen cities to stay where they are. An estimated 56 million people in the country are affected by lockdowns⁽¹⁸⁾.

Wuhan has been hardest hit. Airports and railway stations are closed and public transportation halted⁽¹⁹⁾. Private vehicles are banned. Residents wear face masks to protect against infection. While a new, 1,000-bed hospital is under construction, there are shortages of medicine, protective masks and other supplies.

文章来源：https://www.usatoday.com/in-depth/news/2020/01/29/coronavirus-what-are-symptoms-of-wuhan-china-novel-virus/4563892002/

Notes:

1. coronavirus：冠状病毒

2. pandemic：（疾病）在全国（或全世界）流行的

3. potency：效能，力量，潜力

4. rally：召集，联合

5. the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention：美国疾病控制与预防中心

6. infection：感染，传染

7. startling：令人吃惊的

8. surge：汹涌，起大浪，蜂拥而来

9. toll：伤亡人数

10. 2019-nCoV：2019新型冠状病毒

11. novel：新的（此处使用novel而不使用new是因为，new指的是新旧的差别，novel做形容词指的是从来没有出现过的，从来都不被人所知的。）

12. SARS：非典型性肺炎

13. MERS：中东呼吸综合征

14. notably：显著的，尤其

15. fatality：死亡

16. Saudi Arabia：沙特阿拉伯

17. quarantine：检疫隔离

18. lockdown：防范禁闭（期），高度警戒

19. halt：停止

长难句翻译

1. The spread of China’s coronavirus, which closed a city of 11 million, leaped across continents and raised pandemic fears, may have started with something simple — a person buying food for dinner at an outdoor market.

正在中国肆虐的冠状病毒使得一个人口1100万的城市实施封闭，它的传播跨越大陆，引起了人们对于流行病的恐慌。而起因可能仅仅是因为有人在露天集市上购买了一些食材。

2. The potency and movement of the virus has rallied the cooperation of various agencies, including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization, which declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a "public health emergency of international concern" on Thursday.

这种病毒的威力和传播性已经促使包括美国疾病预防控制中心和世界卫生组织在内的多个机构展开合作。世界卫生组织更于星期四宣布武汉的冠状病毒爆发为“国际关注的公共卫生紧急事件”。

3. While a new, 1,000-bed hospital is under construction, there are shortages of medicine, protective masks and other supplies. 

尽管有1000个床位的新医院正在建设之中，但药品、防护口罩和其他物资仍然短缺。(此处while引导一个让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。)