Whether you eat breakfast might be linked with your risk of dying early from cardiovascular disease. A new study conducted by a US university revealed that skipping breakfast was significantly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular-related death, especially stroke-related death.
你每天吃早饭么？这样一个稀松平常的问题，可能决定着一个人是否会因心血管疾病而增加早逝风险。根据美国一家大学研究人员的最新研究表明，不吃早饭会大幅增加罹患心血管疾病的风险，特别是中风类疾病。
After a person's age, sex, race, socioeconomic status, diet, lifestyle, body mass index and disease status were taken into account, the study found that those who never had breakfast had an 87% higher risk of cardiovascular mortality compared with people who had breakfast every day, according to researchers from University of Iowa.
这项由美国艾奥瓦大学主持的研究显示，撇开个人的年龄、性别、种族、社会经济状况、饮食结构、生活习惯、体重指数和无关疾病等一系列因素的影响，每天不吃早饭的人群患上各类心血管疾病的几率要比每天吃早饭的人高出87%。
Cardiovascular disease – specifically heart disease and stroke – is the leading cause of death in the world, accounting for a combined 15.2 million deaths in 2016, according to the World Health Organization.
心血管疾病 ——尤其是心脏病和中风，是全球排名榜首的致死疾病。根据世卫组织的统计，2016年全世界因为心血管疾病而死亡的人数，高达1520万人。
According to the study, 5.1% of those adults reported never consumed breakfast; 10.9% rarely ate breakfast; 25% had breakfast on some days; and 59% had breakfast every day. Compared with those who consumed breakfast every day, adults who never did so had a higher risk of heart disease-related death and stroke-related death. Those associations were found to be significant and independent of socioeconomic status, body mass index and cardiovascular risk factors.
根据这项研究，被调查者中有5.1%的成年人从来不吃早餐，10.9%的人偶尔会吃早餐，25%的人做不到天天吃早餐，只有59%的人天天早上都有进食。与天天吃早餐的对照组相比，从来不吃早饭的人中因心脏病和中风而致死的风险明显更高，此关联性经过证实，与一个人经济条件、体重指数和其他心血管因素等条件不存在关联。
However, the study has some limitations. One issue is that the subjects who regularly skipped breakfast also had the unhealthiest lifestyle habits. Specifically, these people were former smokers, heavy drinkers, physically inactive, and had poor diet quality and low family income.
然而这项研究仍然存在一些局限。一个重要问题是，那些不吃早饭的群体可能本身就有诸多不良的生活习惯，具体而言，这些人可能都喜欢抽烟，好酒贪杯，缺乏锻炼，饮食条件差，家庭收入低等因素，从而影响最终的研究结果。
Despite the shortcomings of the study, it is evident that the traditional belief of breakfast as the most or at least one of the most important meals of the day has something to rely on. Whether you have time or not, it is necessary to have a decent breakfast to start a day.
尽管研究仍存瑕疵，但它也为“早饭是一天中最重要的一顿饭”的传统观点再次提供了印证。无论你早上是否有时间，一顿营养丰富的早餐能为你开启活力的一天，这是一条绕不过去的生活常识。
VOCABULARY
cardiovascular: adj. 心血管的
socioeconomic: adj. 社会经济的
mortality: n. 死亡率