2011年3月7日杨洁篪就中国外交政策和对外关系答中外记者问 Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi Answers Questions from Domestic and Overseas Journalists on China's Foreign Policy and External Relations

2011年3月7日上午，十一届全国人大四次会议在人民大会堂举行记者会，邀请外交部部长杨洁篪就中国外交政策和对外关系回答中外记者提问。

杨洁篪：各位记者朋友，大家上午好。今天很高兴同大家见面。温家宝总理在《政府工作报告》中已经全面阐述了中国的外交政策和对外关系，今天我很乐意回答大家的问题。

新华社记者：去年这一年我们看到全球风云激荡不止，中国的外交也是格外引人注目。您认为去年的国际形势和中国的外交工作有哪些特点？另外，今年是“十二五”开局之年，您能否介绍一下今年外交工作的主要安排？您对接下来这五年乃至新世纪第二个十年的中国外交有什么展望？

杨洁篪：去年国际形势发展的鲜明特征，可以用“变革”和“合作”来形容。国际金融危机后，世界经济在曲折中艰难复苏，世界大变革、大调整、大发展的趋势不断深入，世界经济治理机制的改革也在不断向前推进，新兴经济体在迅速崛起，国际力量对比正在向着渐趋均衡的方向发展。国际安全形势总体上是稳定的，但不确定、不稳定的因素也不少。虽然各国之间在这个问题、那个问题上存在着一些分歧、矛盾，但各国的相互联系更加密切，相互依存度更高了。以合作促发展、以发展谋安全，已经成为越来越多国家的共识。

The Fourth Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress held a press conference in the Great Hall of the People on the morning of 7 March 2011. Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi answered questions from Chinese and foreign press on China's foreign policy and external relations.

Foreign Minister Yang: Friends from the press, good morning. It's a great pleasure to meet you here today. In his Report on the Work of the Government, Premier Wen Jiabao outlined China's foreign policy and external relations. Now I'm ready to answer your questions.

Xinhua News Agency: The year 2010 witnessed shifting dynamics in the international situation. China's diplomacy attracted wide attention. What do you think were the features of the international situation and China's diplomacy last year? Can you tell us the main items on China's diplomatic agenda for this year, which is the first year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period? How do you envisage China's diplomacy in the next five or even ten years?

Foreign Minister Yang: Change and cooperation were the two salient features in the international situation in 2010. After the international financial crisis, the world economy struggled to recover, our world continued to undergo major changes, major adjustments and major developments. Steady progress was made in the reform of the world economic governance structure. There was a rapid rise of emerging economies and there was greater balance of international power. The international security situation was on the whole stable. However, at the same time, destabilizing factors and uncertainties increased. In spite of some differences and disagreements between countries over issues of one kind or another, countries have become more interconnected and interdependent. It has become the consensus of more and more countries to promote development through cooperation and pursue security through development.

去年对中国外交来讲是挑战之年、进取之年。在党中央、国务院领导下，我们办好了喜事，办妥了难事，办成了大事。峰会外交成果丰硕，我们和各国友好关系不断向前推进，外交工作不断开拓新局面。

今年是新世纪第二个十年的开启之年，也是“十二五”时期的开局之年。我们要全方位推进中国的外交事业，特别是要发挥好多边峰会的引领作用。今年1月胡锦涛主席对美国进行的国事访问十分成功，实现了我国今年外交的良好开局。接下来，4月要在中国举行“金砖国家”领导人会晤，6月将举行上合组织成立10周年峰会，10月要举行东亚峰会，11月要在法国举行二十国集团峰会，在美国举行亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议等活动。这些峰会都非常重要，我们要精心筹备好我国领导人出席上述峰会的准备工作。我们相信，中国将会为这些峰会的成功，为促进国际社会合作、地区合作作出更大的贡献。总之，今年的外交工作我们要做到开局良好，中盘走好，收官完好。

The year 2010 was one of both challenges and achievements for China's diplomacy. Under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council, we successfully hosted joyful events, properly managed thorny issues and accomplished major tasks. We achieved abundant results in summit diplomacy, advanced our friendship and cooperation with other countries in the world across the board and opened up new dimensions in China's diplomatic work.

This year ushers in the second decade of the new century. This year is also the first year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period. We will make all-round efforts in pursuing China's diplomacy. In particular, we will give full play to the leading role of summit diplomacy. Last January, President Hu Jintao paid a very successful state visit to the United States. Our whole year's diplomacy got off to a good start. Next month, that is April, the BRICS Leaders Meeting will be held in China. In June, we will have the Shanghai Cooperation Organization's tenth anniversary summit. In October this year, the East Asia Summit will be held and in November the Group of 20 will convene a summit in France and the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting will be held in the United States. All these are very important international conferences. We will make thoughtful arrangements for Chinese leaders' attendance at those meetings. We believe that China will make greater contribution to the success of these meetings and to promoting regional and international cooperation. In short, we have had a good beginning in our diplomacy this year. We must do a good job each step of the way and bring it to a successful conclusion.

展望今后五年至十年的中国外交工作，我想总的目标是为实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标创造更加有利的国际和周边关系，要为共同建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界作出更大的贡献。具体来说，就是要为实施“十二五”规划，为加快转变经济发展方式服好务。我们要立体思维，立体操作，进一步形成以首脑外交为统领，国别、区域和各领域外交相互促进，双多边结合，政经文互动的有力外交架构。我们要坚持统筹国内国际两个大局，要准确把握好和平发展与科学发展的互动关系，要坚持互利共赢的开放战略，这样就能使我们的和平发展道路越走越宽广。

俄罗斯国际文传电讯社记者：请问您如何评价现阶段俄罗斯和中国的战略协作伙伴关系？您对今年双边关系发展有何期待？

杨洁篪：过去一年，中俄关系发展成果丰硕。两国领导人就进一步深化两国战略协作伙伴关系达成了一系列重要共识，中俄关系迈上了一个新的台阶。

Looking ahead to the next five to ten years, the overall objective of China's diplomacy is to foster a more favorable international and neighboring environment for China's domestic endeavor of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and make even greater contribution to the building of a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity. China's diplomacy will play its part in serving the domestic goal of implementing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan and accelerating the transformation of China's economic development pattern. We must pursue an integrated approach in conducting diplomacy. We must give full play to the leading role of summit diplomacy, pursue country-specific, region-specific and area-specific diplomacy in a comprehensive way, coordinate bilateral and multilateral diplomacy and promote the all-round development of political, economic and cultural diplomacy. We will continue to bear in mind both the domestic and international situations. We will have a correct grasp of the interactive relationship between peaceful development and scientific development. We will unswervingly pursue the win-win strategy of opening-up so that we can achieve even greater progress along the path of peaceful development. Interfax of Russia: How do you evaluate the current state of China-Russia strategic partnership of coordination and what do you expect from the development of this relationship this year?

Foreign Minister Yang: Last year, China-Russia relations achieved good results. Leaders of the two countries reached important agreement on further deepening the China-Russia strategic partnership of coordination and China-Russia relations have been lifted to a higher level.

今年是《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》签署10周年，是中俄战略协作伙伴关系建立15周年，我们一定要抓住这个重要机遇，进一步推进两国的战略协作伙伴关系。一是应梅德韦杰夫总统邀请，胡锦涛主席将对俄罗斯进行国事访问。我们还要举行一系列庆祝《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》签署10周年的活动。二是全面加强两国的务实合作，两国领导人已经就此达成了重要共识。我们要着重加强在经贸、高科技、地方等领域的项目合作。三是中俄两国互办了“国家年”、“语言年”，其中有不少好项目，我们希望同俄罗斯协商，把它们机制化、常态化。四是进一步加强我们两国在国际和地区组织中的合作，加强双方在地区热点问题上的协调配合。

总之，中俄两国是好邻居、好朋友、好伙伴。万事以诚为本，以信为先，这就是中俄关系给我们的深刻启示，也是两国关系能够不断地持续、协调、健康发展的重要保障。

This year marks the tenth anniversary of the signing of the China-Russia Treaty of Good Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation. This year is also the fifteenth anniversary of the establishment of the China-Russia strategic partnership of coordination. The two countries will seize these new opportunities to further advance their strategic partnership of coordination. First, at the invitation of President Medvedev, President Hu Jintao will pay a state visit to Russia. The two sides will jointly host a series of activities to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the signing of the China-Russia Treaty of Good Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation. Second, the two countries will work together to enhance their practical cooperation in a wide range of areas. Leaders of the two countries have reached important agreement on this aspect. The two countries will work together to step up their cooperation on some key projects in such fields as economy and trade and high technology as well as their exchanges at the local level. Third, there have been such activities as the "National Year" and "Language Year" between the two countries, and there have been a lot of popular activities under such framework. We will work with our Russian colleagues to institutionalize these popular activities. Fourth, the two countries will step up their cooperation in regional and international organizations and enhance collaboration and coordination in addressing regional hotspot issues. In a word, China and Russia are good neighbors, good friends and good partners. Trust and credibility form the foundation of all undertakings. This is a major conclusion we have drawn from the growth of China-Russia relations. It is also an important guarantee for the sustained, coordinated and steady development of China-Russia ties.

南非电视五台记者：刚才您提到，“金砖国家”领导人第三次正式会晤今年将在中国举行。中方对这次会晤有何期待？另外，有人认为“金砖国家”组织正在朝着与发达国家相竞争的新兴市场集团的方向发展，对此您有何评论？

杨洁篪：我们欢迎南非加入“金砖国家”组织，欢迎祖马总统4月中旬来中国海南三亚出席“金砖国家”领导人会晤。我们希望这次会晤能够取得重要的、积极的成果。“金砖国家”领导人加强对话交流十分重要。虽然各国的历史文化背景不同，但我们都非常注意能够保持本国的良好增长态势，能够保持稳健的经济社会发展的步伐，我们都关注国际金融、经济的状况，我们愿意在这些领域加强沟通，这既是“金砖国家”人民的愿望，也是世界人民的期待。

我们要进一步拓展各方在务实领域的合作。实际上前一个时期，各方在环保、工商业、智库等方面已经开展了卓有成效的合作。我们将以这次会晤为契机，进一步创新合作方式，丰富合作内涵，为各国人民带来更多的好处。我们要通过这次会晤来充分体现“金砖国家”为应对国际金融危机、推动世界经济复苏、应对气候变化发挥了重要的建设性作用。这个组织同发达国家不是一个竞争关系，而是开放、包容的，是南南合作的重要组成部分，也是南北合作的桥梁。我相信通过这次会晤，“金砖国家”组织将会在上述各个领域发挥更大的作用。

ETV of South Africa: You mentioned earlier that the third BRICS summit is taking place in China. What are your expectations? But also some people believe that BRICS is developing into an emerging market bloc that competes against the developed world, what are your comments?

Foreign Minister Yang: We welcome South Africa's joining the BRICS and we welcome President Zuma to come to attend the BRICS Leaders Meeting in Sanya, Hainan Island of China, in mid April. We hope the upcoming meeting will produce positive and important results. It is important for leaders of the BRICS countries to step up their exchanges and dialogue. The BRICS countries may have different historical and cultural backgrounds, but the BRICS countries all have the tasks of sustaining the sound momentum of domestic development and maintaining steady economic and social development at home. The BRICS countries have a keen interest in international economic and financial developments, therefore to enhance their exchanges and dialogue is not only the shared wish of people of the BRICS countries, but also the expectation of people of the world.

We hope that the BRICS countries will further enhance their practical cooperation. Actually in the past weeks and months, countries have already engaged in productive cooperation in environmental protection and the business communities and think tanks of the BRICS countries have conducted exchanges. We hope that the countries will seize the opportunity presented by the leaders meeting. We will work with other countries concerned to innovate the cooperation patterns, enrich the content of our cooperation and bring greater benefits to people of the countries. We hope that the meeting will demonstrate the important and constructive role that the BRICS countries have played in tackling the international financial crisis, spurring world economic recovery and meeting climate challenge. The BRICS countries are not developing into a group of emerging markets that competes with developed countries. The BRICS cooperation is open and inclusive, and it is an important part of South-South cooperation. It also serves as an important bridge in North-South cooperation. We believe that through this leaders meeting, the BRICS will play a bigger role in all these above mentioned areas.

中国日报记者：过去一年，我们看到中国和国际社会通力合作的一面，但同时我们也看到了竞争。有些国家认为中国的发展触犯了他们的利益，甚至有的国家点名说中国是他们的竞争对手。您怎么看待当前世界格局下国与国之间，尤其是中国和西方大国以及和周边国家的合作与竞争关系？

杨洁篪：一段时间以来，在国际媒体当中，无论是自己发表评论还是援引一些人士的讲话，“竞争”两个字出现得多了些。回答这个问题要花点时间。首先，我不能忘了向你以及各位在座的女记者朋友致以“三八”妇女节的热烈祝贺。

中国一贯坚持在和平共处五项原则的基础上，在国际关系准则的基础上处理国家与国家的关系，其中也包括合作与竞争的关系。优势互补、合作共赢是中国与各国关系的主流和主导面。毋庸讳言，在一些国家之间的经贸互动等方面，可能既存在着合作，又存在着竞争。我认为，首先是要用开放包容的态度来对待竞争，允许各个国家在竞争中发挥各自的比较优势，挖掘本身的潜力和活力，从而实现共同发展。我们主张在平等公平的基础上来开展竞争，反对把经贸问题政治化，反对双重标准，也反对歧视性的待遇。我们主张以互利共赢为目的开展良性竞争，在实现自身利益的同时，要照顾对方的利益，要懂得换位思考，不能以邻为壑、损人利己，更不能人为地设立对手，树立对立面。竞争应该是平衡有度的。对于那些由于历史原因和一些现实的因素，在竞争当中处于相对不利地位的发展中国家，我们应该施以援手，尽力去帮助、去扶持，提高发展中国家的竞争力，提高他们可持续发展的能力。

China Daily: We saw cooperation between China and the rest of the world last year. We also witnessed competition in their relations. Some countries said that China's development has hurt their interests. And some even name China as their rival in competition. How do you view the cooperation and competition in state-to-state relations in the current international landscape, in particular China's cooperation and competition with major Western countries and neighboring countries?

Foreign Minister Yang: In the recent period of time, we have seen somewhat more frequent mentioning of the word "competition" in international media reports either by making their own comments or by citing the words of others. To answer this question, it may take a bit more time. Before I do so, I would like to first use this opportunity to convey festive greetings to you and other lady journalists present for the International Women's Day.

China adheres to the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence and norms governing international relations in handling state-to-state relations, including cooperation and competition. To draw on each other's strengths and pursue win-win cooperation has been the mainstream of China's relations with other countries. There is no denying that there may be both cooperation and competition in the business and other exchanges between some countries. I believe, first we need to view competition with an open and inclusive mind. Countries can bring out their comparative advantage and unleash their dynamism and potential in the course of competition to pursue common development. We believe that competition should be conducted on equal and fair terms. We oppose politicizing trade issues and we reject double standards and discrimination. We call for virtuous competition with the purpose of mutual benefit and win-win results. We believe that while pursuing one's own interests, one also needs to accommodate the interests of others. One should learn to put himself in the shoes of others. One should not advance his own interests at the cost of others, still less create confrontation by setting up hypothetical rivals. Competition should be balanced and appropriate. Due to some historical and practical factors, some developing countries are in a relatively disadvantageous position in the course of competition. A helping hand should be extended to those countries to help them increase their ability for sustainable development and to raise the competitiveness of developing countries.

中国的发展为同其他国家合作创造了更大空间。这些年，我们同非洲国家进行了很多的合作。例如帮助他们加强基础设施建设。我们已经帮助修建了2200多公里的铁路，3400公里左右的公路。这就像人一样，血脉畅通，这些国家就增强了可持续发展的能力。我们会进一步加强同各国的互利合作，拉紧我们之间的利益纽带。我们也在努力尝试同发达国家一起来帮助第三国，特别是发展中国家。当然，这种三边合作或者是四边、五边的合作必须首先得到驻在国的同意和支持。

新加坡联合早报记者：您在阐述中国的外交政策理念后，能否评价2010年中国与周边国家的关系？能否展望一下中国今年的周边外交工作，特别是中国与东盟之间的合作还有什么值得关注的亮点？

杨洁篪：去年，中国周边形势总体上保持了和平、合作、发展的局面。我们同有关国家的关系得到了新的发展，有一些重要的特点。我们之间的相互信任日益加深。中国领导人访问了许多亚洲国家，就如何进一步加强相互信任和合作进行了广泛深入的讨论，达成了许多重要共识。通过各方的共同努力，我们比较成功地克服了国际金融危机对亚洲的影响，亚洲去年经济增长率达到8.2%，成为推动世界经济复苏的重要引擎。我们促进了互利合作，推进了地区一体化建设，并共同努力妥善处理和解决地区热点问题。我们将继续执行“与邻为善、以邻为伴”的基本方针，努力同各方共同营造一个和平稳定、开放包容、合作共赢的地区环境。

The development of China has offered broader space for China's cooperation with other countries. Over the years, China has had good cooperation with African countries. For example, China has helped African countries to improve their infrastructure, including helping African countries to build over 2,200 kilometers of railways and some 3,400 kilometers of roads. By improving the infrastructural connectivity in African countries, China has helped increase those countries' capability for sustainable development. This is like helping a person's blood circulation run smoother. China will continue to step up its mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries in order to enhance their shared interests. We've also taken experimental steps to work with some developed countries in helping a third country, in particular developing countries. Be it tripartite cooperation or four-party or five-party cooperation, I believe such cooperation must first get the consent and support of the host country.

Lianhezaobao: You have elaborated on the vision of China's foreign policy. I would like to ask you to evaluate China's relations with its neighbors in 2010. And what will be the additional bright spots in China's relationships with neighboring countries this year, in particular, the cooperation between China and ASEAN?

Foreign Minister Yang: In 2010, peace, cooperation and development were on the whole maintained in the neighboring areas of China. New progress was made in China's relations with neighboring countries. The prominent features are as follows. Mutual trust was increasingly deepened. Chinese leaders visited a lot of Asian countries. They had broad and in-depth exchange of views with their foreign counterparts on how to further deepen mutual trust and bilateral cooperation, and much important agreement was reached. Asian countries worked together and did fairly well in overcoming the impact of the financial crisis on Asia. The Asian economy as a whole grew by 8.2% last year. It has become an important engine in driving world economic recovery. We boosted mutually beneficial cooperation, advanced regional integration and worked together in properly addressing regional hotspot issues. China will continue to follow the basic principle of building friendship and partnership with neighboring countries. We will work with neighboring countries to foster a peaceful, stable, inclusive and open regional environment pursuing win-win cooperation.

我们将继续在新的一年里致力于增进政治互信。今年是中国同巴基斯坦、老挝、文莱建交60周年、50周年和20周年，是中国同东盟建立对话关系20周年，也是中国同东盟、印度的“友好交流年”。我们将举行丰富多彩的活动，进一步增进两国人民和各方的友谊及相互理解，促进亚洲共同发展。我们还将进一步推进区域化建设。我们同东盟已经建立了自贸区，实现了良好的开局，我们要进一步深化这种合作。也要进一步推进东盟十国同中日韩之间的务实合作。

中国和东盟国家山水相连，彼此之间有着十分友好的合作关系。互联互通，实现网络化的建设是我们共同的愿望，双方在这方面已经迈出了良好的步伐。所以，今后我们要进一步共商互联互通上的大计，全力去推进。同时我们一定要一起合作，妥善处理地区的热点、难点问题，使本地区能够保持和平稳定，为我们的发展繁荣创造更好的条件。

路透社记者：杨部长，去年中美关系发生了一些摩擦，尤其关于美国向台湾出售武器，使中美关系比较紧张。您是怎么看将来中美关系的发展？尤其是如果美国再向台湾出售武器，中方会有什么反应？

This year, we will continue to increase political mutual trust. This year marks the 60th, 50th and 20th anniversaries of the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and Pakistan, China and the Lao PDR, and China and Brunei respectively. This year is also the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the dialogue relationship between China and ASEAN. Moreover, this year is the year of friendly exchanges between China and ASEAN and between China and India. We will hold colorful activities and work with other Asian countries to deepen the friendship and mutual understanding between our peoples and pursue common development in Asia. We will also vigorously promote regional integration. The China-ASEAN Free Trade Area has been fully established, marking a good beginning. We will further deepen such cooperation. At the same time, efforts will also be made to advance the practical cooperation between ASEAN and China, Japan and the ROK.

China and ASEAN countries enjoy geographical proximity. The two sides have already engaged in very friendly cooperation. It is the common aspiration of the two sides to advance connectivity and network building. In this field, good progress has already been made. We will continue to work with the ASEAN countries to map out the future course of actions in advancing our connectivity. It is important that the two sides properly address regional hotspot issues and thorny issues through cooperation so as to maintain peace and stability in this region. This way, we will have even more favorable conditions for our development and prosperity.

Reuters: Minister Yang, last year, we saw some frictions in China-US relations, in particular because of US arms sales to Taiwan. It caused strains on Sino-US ties. How do you see the future of this bilateral relationship? What will be the reaction from the Chinese side if the United States further sells weapons to Taiwan?

杨洁篪：首先，我要指出，胡锦涛主席应奥巴马总统邀请，今年1月对美国的访问是十分成功的。双方就进一步推进两国关系达成了重要共识，特别是双方决定建设相互尊重、互利共赢的合作伙伴关系。中美关系现在的气氛是好的。下一阶段，我们还有很多事情要做。王岐山副总理和戴秉国国务委员将同美方共同主持中美第三轮战略与经济对话。刘延东国务委员将同美方共同主持中美人文交流高层磋商机制第二次会议，拜登副总统将于今年年中对中国进行正式访问，此后适当时候，习近平副主席将对美国进行访问。

关于合作伙伴关系，我想强调，当今的时代是全球化的时代，是求和平、谋发展、促合作的时代。因此，推进伙伴合作，是潮流所向、人心所向，是大势所趋。中美两国都是对世界和地区有重要影响的国家，我们决定建立合作伙伴关系，是时代发展的需要，也是两国深化合作的需要。美国有越来越多的人士认识到，在处理中美关系方面，在新的形势下，要有新的思维。在新的时期，要创造新的良好的氛围。两国元首已经为中美关系的未来发展指明了方向，我们现在要做的就是顺势而为，乘势而上。要扎实落实两国元首达成的共识，扎实推进两国合作伙伴关系。

Foreign Minister Yang: First, I'd like to point out that President Hu Jintao paid a state visit to the United States at the invitation of President Barack Obama last January. That visit achieved full success. Important agreement was reached between leaders of the two countries on further advancing China-US relations. In particular, the two sides decided to build a China-US cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit. There is now good atmosphere in China-US relations. We have a full agenda for developing China-US relations in the following months. Vice Premier Wang Qishan and State Councilor Dai Bingguo will co-chair with their US counterparts the third round of the China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogues. State Councilor Liu Yandong will co-chair with her US counterpart the second meeting of the China-US high-level mechanism for people-to-people exchange. Moreover, Vice President Joseph Biden of the United States will pay an official visit to China in the middle of this year. And after that, Vice President Xi Jinping will pay a visit to the United States at an appropriate time.

With respect to the cooperative partnership, I would like to emphasize that we live in an era marked by globalization and common pursuit of peace, development and cooperation. To pursue cooperation as partners represents the trend of our times and the call of the people. Both China and the United States are countries with important influence on the world and the region. The decision of the two countries to establish a cooperative partnership meets the requirement of the times. It's also required by deeper cooperation between the two countries. More and more people in the United States have come to recognize that in handling the United States' relations with China in this new environment, we need to embrace new ideas and foster a favorable atmosphere. The presidents of the two countries have charted the course for future development of China-US relations. What we need to do now is to seize the momentum, build on the progress, earnestly implement the agreement reached by leaders of the two countries and take solid steps in building the China-US cooperative partnership.

当然，中美在一些问题上存在着分歧或者摩擦，这也是客观事实。关键是要相互尊重，妥善处理。我们对美国售台武器表示坚决反对。我们敦促美方恪守中美三个联合公报和《中美联合声明》的原则和精神，停止售台武器，以实际行动来支持两岸关系的和平发展，这对维护中美关系大局至关重要。

中国国际广播电台记者：我们知道，近一段时期以来，中国购买了一些欧洲国家的国债。同时国际社会上出现了两种声音，一种认为这帮助欧洲国家应对了主权债务危机，还有一种声音对此表示出了顾虑，甚至担忧。您认为中方此举的战略考虑是什么？中国政府今年将采取怎样的措施来进一步深化中欧关系发展？

杨洁篪：我不知道为什么什么事情都要提到“战略”的高度来分析。朋友希望我们施以援手，到底是做还是不做？不做有人说话，做了也有人要说话。事实上，中国十分关注欧洲一些国家出现的主权债务危机，我们采取了增持欧元债券，帮助推进欧洲一体化进程的一系列措施。我认为这是受到广大欧洲地区的国家和人民，特别是当事国家政府和人民的欢迎。在经济全球化的今日，各国越来越成为利益的共同体。因此，我们应该同舟共济，而不是相互排斥；应该相互信任，而不是相互猜疑，这才是和谐相处之道。

It is an objective reality that China and the United States have some differences or even frictions over some issues. What's important is to properly handle these differences on the basis of mutual respect. We firmly oppose US arms sales to Taiwan. We urge the United States to strictly abide by the principles and spirit of the three Sino-US joint communiqués and the China-US joint statements, stop selling arms to Taiwan and take concrete actions to support the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations. This is very important to upholding the overall interests of China-US relations.

CRI: We have seen that China has bought more treasury bonds from some European countries. After that, we have heard two kinds of voices in the international media. One voice has expressed appreciation of China's move in helping European countries to tackle their sovereign debt crisis. Another voice is one of suspicion and worry. What is the strategic consideration behind China's move and what steps will the Chinese government take this year to advance its relationship with Europe?

Foreign Minister Yang: I don't know why we have to analyse each and every issue at a "strategic" level. When friends ask us to extend a helping hand, what should we do? Should we do it, or not do it? Some people will always have something to say, whether we do it or not. The fact is that China has followed closely the sovereign debt crisis in some European countries. We have bought treasury bonds from the relevant countries, and we have helped the European countries to advance the EU integration process. We believe that these steps taken by China have been well-received by the countries and people in Europe, in particular the governments and people of those countries concerned. Economic globalization has brought the interests of countries closely intertwined. Under such circumstances, countries should stick together like passengers in the same boat, rather than crowd each other out. Countries should pursue mutual trust, rather than harbor mutual suspicion. In this way we will be able to live with each other in harmony.

中国和欧洲是世界上两个非常重要的经济体，又分别处于各自发展的关键时期，我们相互帮助、合作共赢，何乐而不为？总之，我们愿同欧盟方面共同努力，推进双方的全面战略伙伴关系，推进互尊互信的政治伙伴关系，深化互利共赢的经贸伙伴关系，建设互鉴交流的文明伙伴关系。今年将举行“中欧青年交流年”，这是一个大规模的双方青年交流活动，我们希望通过这样的活动增进双方人民的友谊、信任，为中欧全面战略伙伴关系的持续发展奠定更加牢固的民意基础。

香港凤凰卫视记者：我问的是有关地区的问题。大家都知道六方会谈已经停了两年多，各方对六方会谈似乎信心不足。虽然朝鲜方面已表示希望重返会谈，但韩国方面仍坚持先南北对话后六方会谈的立场。在当前形势下，您认为六方会谈何时能够重启？另外您认为通过六方会谈实现半岛无核化的希望有多大？

杨洁篪：六方会谈的进程确实停滞了两年多时间。在此期间，东北亚的安全形势发生了一些复杂的变化，这个局面值得各方高度重视。至于六方会谈进程本身，人们如果全面地、客观地来看这个进程，会承认这个进程是取得了一些重要的成果的，比如说发表了“9·19共同声明”，促进了有关各方的交流，对稳定地区形势发挥了重要作用。

China and the EU are two major economies in the world, and we are each at a crucial stage in our respective development. We should pursue cooperation through mutual help. This is a good thing for both sides to do. So why not go ahead with it? In a word, we will work with the EU to further deepen our comprehensive strategic partnership. The two sides should work together to pursue a political partnership based on mutual respect and mutual trust, deepen their economic partnership featuring win-win cooperation, and build a cultural partnership on the basis of mutual learning and mutual complementarity. This year is the year of youth exchange between China and the EU. We hope that by hosting such large-scale exchange activities, the two sides will further increase their friendship and mutual trust between the people of the two sides, so as to lay a more solid social foundation for the continued growth of the China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership.

Phoenix TV: I would like to ask a question about a regional issue. We know that the Six-Party Talks have stalled for over two years. It seems that the parties concerned are not confident enough about the Six-Party Talks. We have seen that the DPRK has expressed its willingness to come back to the negotiation table. However, the ROK still insists that inter-Korea dialogue precede the Six-Party Talks. When do you think the Six-Party Talks can be resumed, and how big are the odds for achieving a denuclearized Korean Peninsula through the Six-Party Talks?

Foreign Minister Yang: It is true that the Six-Party Talks have been at a standstill for over two years, during which complex changes took place in the security situation in Northeast Asia. I believe this merits the close attention of all relevant parties. Anyone who views the Six-Party process from a comprehensive and objective perspective will admit that important progress has been made in the Six-Party process. For example, we issued the September 19th Joint Statement. The Six-Party Talks contributed to greater exchanges between the relevant parties and played an important role in maintaining regional stability.

为了重启六方会谈这一进程，中方提出一系列积极主张，国际社会对此是充分了解的。国际社会希望尽快重启六方会谈这一进程，六方会谈有关各方都对重启六方会谈的进程原则上持积极的态度。现在的问题是在如何重启、何时重启，这还需要进一步进行交流沟通，达成一致。如大家所知，中国积极支持有关方面进行双边的对话、接触、会晤。同时，我们认为这种接触、对话同六方会谈可以相互促进。我们不能期待任何问题一夜之间就能够得到解决，而六方会谈也是前无古人的事。所以各方都应该做出更大的努力。中国古语说“不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海”，我们相信，通过会谈各方能进一步找到共同语言，在会谈的进程中积极寻找各种问题的解决办法。各方应该利用当前相对有利的时机，做出更大的努力，尽快重启六方会谈进程。我们相信，只要各方保持信心，坚定决心，充分发挥自己的智慧才能，就一定能够推动半岛无核化进程，最终实现半岛无核化和东北亚的长治久安。

法国费加罗报记者：您如何评价二十国集团的作用？对今年法国戞纳二十国集团峰会有何期待？

杨洁篪：二十国集团是应对重大经济和金融挑战的重要平台，是全球经济治理的重要平台，是推动建设全球新型发展伙伴关系的有益尝试，体现了世界经济格局发生的重大变化。

In order to restart the Six-Party Talks, the Chinese side has put forward a series of positive proposals, and the international community has fully recognized this. It is the hope of the international community to see an early resumption of the Six-Party process. The parties concerned also in principle hold a positive attitude towards the early resumption of the Six-Party Talks. The challenge now is that we need to have further consultations on how and when the talks can be resumed. We still need to reach consensus on this point. As known to all, China has been an active supporter of the bilateral contacts and dialogues between the relevant parties. We believe that such dialogue and contacts and the Six-Party Talks can be mutually reinforcing. At the same time, we can not expect the issue to be resolved overnight. The Six-Party Talks is a diplomatic practice where no established precedent can be followed. It is important that all the parties involved work even harder. As an old Chinese proverb reads, one can not travel a thousand miles without taking a succession of solid steps, like an ocean can not take shape without admitting numerous small streams. As long as we get the dialogue off to a start, we can find more and more common languages. In the process of the talks, we can work together to explore solutions to various issues. It is important for all the parties to work even harder for the restart of the Six-Party Talks by taking advantage of the good atmosphere and momentum at present. We believe that as long as all the parties involved keep patience, reinforce their resolve and give full play to their wisdom and capabilities, we will be able to eventually achieve the goal of denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and maintain long-standing peace and stability in Northeast Asia.

Le Figaro: How do you see the role of the G20 and what are your expectations from the G20 Summit in Cannes later this year?

Foreign Minister Yang: The G20 is an important platform in meeting major international economic and financial challenges. It also serves as an important platform for global economic governance. The G20 meeting is a useful attempt in establishing a new type of global partnership for development. It has also reflected the major changes that have taken place in the international economic architecture.

我们希望今年下半年在法国戞纳举行的二十国集团峰会能够在以下方面作出重要贡献：推动二十国集团从短期危机应对机制向长效经济治理机制转型，能够在应对重大国际金融、经济风险方面作出重要贡献，能够进一步推动国际金融机构改革，能够更多地照顾和支持广大发展中国家的利益。同时，希望有关国家加大在支持、帮助发展中国家方面的投入，将解决南北发展失衡问题作为解决世界经济失衡的根本出路。

人民日报记者：近期中国从利比亚撤离了3万余名中国公民，这是新中国成立以来最大规模有组织撤离海外中国公民的行动，可谓举国关注、举世瞩目。请您介绍一下这方面的情况。另外，今年以来非洲形势出现一些新变化，请您评价一下当前非洲形势及中非合作发展情况。

杨洁篪：最近一个时期，利比亚局势动荡，影响到那里中国公民的生命财产安全，中国政府对此十分关注。在党中央、国务院的领导下，我们圆满完成了从利比亚大规模撤离中国在利人员的工作，这确实是新中国成立以来最大的一次有组织撤离海外中国人员行动。这也是中国各个部门、各地方政府、中国军队、中国驻外使领馆、中国企业等有关人员共同努力的良好成果。中国在这次撤离行动中，也力所能及地帮助12个国家的多达2100人撤出利比亚。这些行动充分说明了中国政府全力贯彻“执政为民、外交为民”的宗旨。我们也要向在撤出行动中给予我们热情帮助和支持的各国政府和友人，向华侨华人表示衷心的感谢。

We hope that the G20 Summit to be held in Cannes, France, later this year will take strong steps in the following areas. We hope that the Summit will help facilitate the shift of the role of the G20 from a short-term mechanism for crisis response to a long-term mechanism for economic governance. We hope that the Summit will help the G20 to make even greater contributions to managing serious international economic and financial risks, and promoting progress in the reform of the international financial institutions. We hope that the Summit will take more steps to accommodate and support interests of developing countries. We hope that the countries concerned will increase their input in supporting the development of developing countries and take addressing the development imbalance between the North and the South as the fundamental solution in addressing international economic imbalances.

People's Daily: Recently the Chinese government has evacuated over 30,000 Chinese nationals from Libya. This is the largest evacuation operation organized by the Chinese government since the founding of the People's Republic. It has attracted the close attention of all Chinese people and people of other countries in the world. I wonder if you could tell us more about this evacuation operation. Moreover, since the beginning of this year, there have been some new changes in the situation on the African continent. How do you see the African situation and what is your evaluation of China's cooperation with African countries?

Foreign Minister Yang: The recent turbulence in Libya has affected the life and property safety of Chinese nationals in that country and the Chinese government has taken this very seriously. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, we have successfully evacuated Chinese nationals from Libya. This is indeed the largest evacuation endeavor organized by the Chinese government since the founding of the People's Republic. The evacuation campaign has been conducted with the close cooperation of relevant government departments, local governments in China, the armed forces, the Chinese diplomatic and consular missions abroad, the Chinese-invested enterprises and all relevant personnel. During the evacuation campaign, China has also done its utmost in helping 12 countries evacuate some 2,100 of their nationals. These efforts have fully shown that the Chinese government is earnestly applying the vision of "governing the country for the people and carrying out diplomacy for the people". Let me also use this opportunity to express the heartfelt appreciation of the Chinese side to the relevant governments and friends who have given us support and help during the evacuation of Chinese nationals and to all the Chinese overseas communities.

不久前，我对非洲五国进行了访问。我得到的总的印象和看法是：虽然非洲地区存在着一些不确定、不稳定的因素，但总体上，非洲大陆保持了和平稳定的态势。不断地推进非洲各国乃至整个非洲大陆的经济社会发展、实现地区一体化、在国际和地区事务中发挥更大作用和影响，是非洲国家和人民的普遍愿望，也是他们行动的方向。中国同非洲国家、非盟有着良好合作关系。胡锦涛主席在中非合作论坛北京峰会期间所宣布的对非务实合作八项举措已经得到全面落实，温家宝总理在第四届中非合作论坛上宣布的对非合作新八项举措也在落实方面取得了重要阶段性成果。胡锦涛主席宣布的援建项目——非盟会议中心将在今年内竣工，这是继坦赞铁路后我们援助非洲的最大项目。我们现在也在认真地筹划如何开好明年将在中国举行的中非合作论坛部长级会议。总之，我们要同非洲朋友们共同努力，使中非合作的道路越走越宽广。

日本广播协会记者：日中关系是中国最重要的双边关系之一，但在东海油气田共同开发问题上，在尖阁诸岛(即我钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿)问题上，两国的看法都不一样，存在着各种各样的问题。您认为这个敏感问题应该怎样解决？应该怎样促进两国的战略互惠关系，改善两国国民之间的感情？另外，昨天晚上日本外务大臣前原诚司辞职，您对此有什么样的看法？他的辞职有可能带来日本政治局势的不稳定，这样会不会影响到今后的日中关系？最后，今年日中韩领导人首脑会谈以及外长会谈的主办国是日本，您对日中韩合作机制抱有什么样的期待？

I paid visits to five African countries not long ago. My general impression of the visits is that despite destabilizing factors and uncertainties, the African continent has on the whole maintained peace and stability. It is the shared aspiration of African countries and their peoples and also the objective of all their actions to further advance their economic and social development, to pursue greater regional integration and to enable Africa to play a bigger role and have greater influence in regional and international affairs. There has been good cooperation between China and African countries as well as the African Union. The eight measures on strengthening China's practical cooperation with African countries that President Hu Jintao announced at the Beijing summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation have been fully implemented. Moreover, important progress has been made in implementing the eight new measures that Premier Wen Jibao announced at the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the FOCAC. I would also like to tell you that among the assistance projects that President Hu Jintao announced, the African Union Convention Center will be completed within this year. This is the largest project built by the Chinese side following the Tanzara railway. We are making thoughtful plans and preparations for the next ministerial meeting of the FOCAC to be held in China next year. In short, we will continue to work with our African friends so as to make greater achievements in China-Africa cooperation.

NHK: Japan-China relationship is one of the most important bilateral relationships for China. Yet, the two countries have different views with respect to the joint development of oil and gas field in the East China Sea and the Senkaku Islands (i.e. China's Diaoyu Island and its affiliated islands). What do you think the two countries should do to resolve these issues and further promote the strategic relationship of mutual benefit between the two countries as well as nurture friendly sentiments between the peoples of the two countries? Last evening Foreign Minister Maehara of Japan suddenly announced his resignation. I would like to ask what is your view on this? His resignation may lead to instability in the Japanese political situation. Do you think it will affect China-Japan relationship? My last question is that Japan will be the host of the foreign ministers' and leaders' meetings of the Japan-China-ROK cooperation mechanism this year. What do you expect from this cooperation mechanism?

杨洁篪：我们注意到，日本领导人最近就中日关系发出了一些重要、积极的信息，表示希望双方都从战略高度来对待和处理中日战略互惠关系。中方愿同日方共同努力，按照中日四个政治文件的精神，牢牢把握两国关系发展的大方向。我认为，无论对中方还是对日方来讲，中日关系都是两国最重要的双边关系之一，搞好中日关系应该是双方的明智选择。去年底以来，两国领导人已经进行了多次会晤和接触，推动两国关系迈出改善发展的步伐。对中日两国来讲，今年是改善和推进中日关系相当关键的一年。中方愿同日方保持高层接触，加强交往，同时进一步增进互信。温家宝总理将于今年5月赴日本出席中日韩领导人会议，王岐山副总理将率团出席中日经济高层对话，这些都是两国高层接触会晤的重要方面。

你谈到了改善两国国民感情的问题，我认为这很重要。首先我们要牢牢把握两国关系发展的正确方向，同时要让两国老百姓都看到搞好中日关系给彼此带来的实实在在的好处。对于两国之间的敏感问题，一定要管控好，防止矛盾分歧激化升级。此外，还要进一步推进两国的人文交流，为两国关系改善和发展奠定更好的社会基础。

中方认为，有一百条理由让东海成为“和平、合作、友好之海”。中国坚持两国东海问题原则共识的立场没有任何变化。由于众所周知的原因，在落实东海问题原则共识方面遇到了一些曲折，双方应从两国战略互惠关系大局出发，妥善处理有关敏感问题，为落实东海问题原则共识创造良好条件和氛围。中国政府在钓鱼岛问题上的立场是一贯的、明确的。我们已多次要求日方切实防止再次发生类似去年发生的那样的事件，从而维护两国关系的大局。

Foreign Minister Yang: We have taken note of the fact that Japanese leaders have sent some important and positive messages concerning China-Japan relationship, hoping that both sides will view and handle this relationship from a strategic perspective. The Chinese side is ready to work with the Japanese side to keep the relationship to the right direction in accordance with the four political documents between the two countries. I also take the view that for both China and Japan, the China-Japan relationship is one of the most important bilateral relationships. So, to pursue a sound Sino-Japanese relationship should be a wise choice for both sides. Since the end of last year, leaders of the two countries have met several times, pushing forward the improvement of this bilateral relationship. I believe this year is of high importance for the improvement and development of China-Japan relations for both countries. We are ready to work with the Japanese side to maintain and intensify high-level exchanges and increase our mutual trust. Premier Wen Jiabao will attend the China-Japan-ROK leaders' meeting in Japan in May this year. Vice Premier Wang Qishan will go to Japan to attend the China-Japan high-level economic dialogue. These are important activities in our high-level contacts.

You mentioned how to nurture friendly sentiments between peoples of the two countries. I think this is indeed a very important thing. We must keep the bilateral relationship to its right direction and let the people of both countries see that a sound bilateral relationship between the two countries has indeed brought about real benefits. We must well manage sensitive issues and avoid escalation of differences. We also need to step up our cultural and people-to-people exchanges so as to lay a better foundation for the improvement and development of Sino-Japanese ties.

It is the view of the Chinese side that we have every reason to make the East China Sea a sea of peace, cooperation and friendship. China adheres to the principled common understanding reached between the two countries on the issue of the East China Sea. There has been no change in this position. Due to well known reasons, efforts to implement the principled common understanding have encountered some twists and turns. We believe that both sides should bear in mind the overall interests of the strategic relationship of mutual benefit between the two countries and appropriately handle sensitive issues so as to foster sound conditions and environment for the implementation of the principled common understanding. The position of the Chinese government on the Diaoyu Islands is consistent and clear-cut. This issue is highly sensitive and it must be handled very carefully. We have repeatedly asked the Japanese side to take credible steps to prevent the reoccurrence of what happened last year so as to uphold the larger interest of China-Japan relations.

我同前原外相有过多次接触和会谈，就改善推进中日战略互惠关系达成了一些重要共识。不论谁是他的继任者，我都愿意同日本的外相保持良好的工作关系，贯彻两国领导人关于推进中日关系的一系列重要共识。我们希望5月举行的中日韩领导人会议能够取得积极的成果，进一步增进战略沟通和政治互信，进一步深化在各领域的务实合作。要重点推动中日韩三国自贸区联合研究，推进商签投资协议的进展。要深化循环经济、科技、环保等领域的合作，还要进一步加强人文领域的交流。同时，我们希望三国能够在促进亚洲地区的和平稳定发展方面发挥更大的作用。

中央电视台记者：现在的国际格局继续发生深刻而复杂的变化，您认为什么样的国际秩序和国际格局才是合理的？

杨洁篪：当前的国际格局和国际秩序继续发生复杂而深刻的变化。我觉得有三个积极“趋向”值得关注：一是国际力量对比“趋向均衡”。新兴经济体迅速发展，推动了国际格局朝着有利于和平和发展的方向演进。二是世界经济治理机制改革“趋向深入”，提高了发展中国家在有关国际机构中的影响力和发言权。三是国际社会合作共赢的意愿“趋向上升”，多边主义更加深入人心。上述三个“趋向”有利于国际格局朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。当然，这是一个长期而复杂的过程。我们愿意同世界各国在新的一年里共同努力，为维护世界和平，促进共同发展一起做出更大的努力。

记者会历时2小时，500多名中外记者参加。

I met on many occasions with Foreign Minister Maehara and we reached some important agreement on improving and growing the China-Japan strategic relationship of mutual benefit. No matter who will succeed him, I am ready to maintain a sound working relationship with the Japanese foreign minister and work together with him to implement the important agreement reached between leaders of the two countries on the development of Sino-Japanese ties. We hope that the leaders' meeting of China, Japan and the ROK to be held in May will produce positive outcomes. We hope that the meeting will contribute to greater strategic communication, mutual political trust and practical cooperation in various fields. Our priority should be to promote the joint research among the three countries on an FTA and advance the negotiation process for the investment treaty. We need to deepen cooperation in developing a circular economy and in science, technology and environmental protection. And we need to step up cultural and people-to-people interaction. At the same time, we hope the three countries will play a bigger role in promoting peace, stability and development in Asia as a whole.

CCTV: We have witnessed profound and complex changes in the international architecture. What kind of international order do you think is reasonable? Foreign Minister Yang: Continuous, complex and profound changes have taken place in the international architecture and international order. I think there are three positive trends that merit our attention. First, the trend towards greater balance of international power. The emerging economies are developing rapidly and this has made the international pattern move in a direction that is conducive to peace and development. Second, the trend towards deeper reform of the world economic governance structure. The influence and say of developing countries in relevant international institutions have been on the rise. Third, the trend towards greater international willingness for win-win cooperation. Multilateralism has gained greater popular support. I believe that these three trends can help make the international order more just and reasonable and at the same time it is going to be a long and complex process. In the new year, China stands ready to work with other countries in the world to intensify our efforts in maintaining world peace and promoting common development.

The press conference lasted two hours. More than 500 journalists from home and abroad attended the press conference.