外交部部长杨洁篪就中国外交政策和对外关系答中外记者问

Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi Answers Questions from Domestic and Overseas

Journalists on China’s Foreign Policy and External Relations

2012年3月6日，十一届全国人大五次会议在人民大会堂举行记者会，邀请外交部部长杨洁篪就中国外交政策和对外关系回答中外记者提问。

The Fifth Session of the Eleventh National People’s Congress held a press conference in the Great Hall of the People on 6 March 2012. Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi answered questions from Chinese and foreign press on China’s foreign policy and external relations.

杨洁篪：各位记者朋友，大家上午好。很高兴在这里跟大家见面。温家宝总理在《政府工作报告》中已经就中国外交政策和对外工作作了全面阐述。我在这里很乐意回答大家的提问。

Foreign Minister Yang: Good morning, friends from the press. It’s a great pleasure to meet you here. Premier Wen Jiabao has outlined China’s foreign policy and foreign relations in his Report on the Work of the Government. Now I’m ready to take your questions.

中央电视台记者：过去十年，国际形势风云变幻，中国外交经受了接连不断的考验。您如何看待中国过去十年的外交工作？今年某些地区和国家对峙与冲突依然持续，您认为中国外交该如何应对新的挑战？您对今年外交有何展望？

CCTV and CNTV: Much has changed in the international situation over the past ten years, and China’s diplomacy has encountered many challenges and tests. How do you see China’s diplomatic work over the past ten years? Moreover, we have seen confrontation and conflicts between some countries. Under such circumstances, what do you think are the new challenges confronting China’s diplomacy and how do you see China’s diplomacy this year?

杨洁篪：我想今天的答问从回顾中国外交十年的情况开始，以近知远，这是很有意义的。

Foreign Minister Yang: I think it is very meaningful that we start today’s questions and answers from reviewing China’s diplomatic work over the past ten years, as a review of the past offers one insight into the future.

这十年外交工作既是世界大发展大变革大调整的十年，也是中国外交奋发进取，取得丰硕成果的十年。在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央领导下，中国外交坚定服务大局，妥善应对乱局，积极开创新局，为中国经济和社会发展创造了有利外部环境。

The past ten years have been a decade when the world has undergone major development, major changes and major adjustments. It has also been a decade when China’s diplomacy has forged ahead and made abundant results. Over the past ten years, under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, China’s diplomacy has firmly served the overall interests of China’s development. We have properly handled thorny issues and

worked actively to open up new prospects for China’s diplomatic work. China’s diplomacy has fostered a sound external environment for China’s economic and social development.

我想十年的外交工作可以如下概括：

In my view, China’s diplomatic work over the past ten years can be summed up as follows:

一是“谋大局”。始终把国家的主权和安全放在首位，积极为国内经济社会发展服好务，同时要有力地维护海外中国公民和法人的正当权益，坚定维护国家的主权安全和发展利益。

First, serve overall interests. To safeguard China’s sovereignty and security has always been the overarching objective of all of China’s diplomatic endeavors. Over the past ten years, China’s diplomacy actively served the domestic economic and social development. We effectively protected the lawful rights and interests of overseas Chinese nationals and companies, and defended China’s sovereignty, security and development interests.

二是“求合作”。加强同世界各国和国际及地区组织的友好合作，政治、经济、文化互动，双多边结合，开创同各国合作共赢的新局面。

Second, pursue cooperation. We enhanced friendly relations and cooperation with other countries in the world and regional and international organizations. We intensified exchanges with them in the political, economic and cultural fields and through both bilateral and multilateral channels. We opened up new dimensions for pursuing win-win cooperation.

三是“促改革”。积极参与全球治理，引导国际体系和国际格局朝着更加有利于广大发展中国家的方向发展，扩大中国和广大发展中国家在国际事务中的代表权和影响力。

Third, advance reform. We actively participated in global governance and helped move the international system and international architecture in a direction that serves the interests of developing countries. We worked to raise the representation and influence of China and developing countries as a whole in international affairs.

四是“树形象”。借助我国领导人出访和外国领导人来访，借助北京奥运会、上海世博会等重要平台，积极开展公共和人文外交，增进中外人民之间的友谊，充分展示中国文明、民主、开放、进步的形象。

Fourth, enhance China’s image. Through such platforms as overseas visits by Chinese leaders, receiving visits to China by foreign leaders, the Beijing Olympic Games and Shanghai World Expo, we engaged in dynamic public and cultural diplomacy, endeavored to enhance the friendship between Chinese people and people of other countries, and showed to the rest of the world a China that is culturally-advanced, democratic, open and making continuous progress.

五是“做贡献”。就是积极维护世界和平，促进共同发展。我们已经日益成为解决国际地区热点问题的建设性参与者和拉动世界经济增长的重要贡献者。

Fifth, make contribution to the world. We worked actively to uphold world peace and promote common development. China has played a constructive role in helping resolve regional and international hotspot issues, and China has become an important engine driving world economic growth.

当前，国际形势的变化深刻复杂，和平、发展、合作的时代潮流更加强劲。但与此同时，国际金融危机深层次的影响正在显现，世界经济复苏缓慢。气候变化、能源安全、粮食安全等问题也相当突出。这些问题都会对今后一个时期的国际形势发展和外交工作产生深刻的影响。

Our world today is undergoing profound and complex changes. The trend of our time towards peace, development and cooperation has gathered momentum. At the same time, the underlying impact of the international financial crisis is still with us. The world economic recovery lacks momentum, and global challenges such as climate change and energy and food security are still prominent. All these developments will exert major impact on the international situation and China’s diplomatic work in the time to come.

今年我们要继续开展全方位、多层次、宽领域外交工作，要坚持统筹国内国际两个大局，不断推进外交实践和理论创新，为迎接党的十八大胜利召开、为全面实施“十二五”规划作出积极贡献。

This year, we will continue to advance our all-dimensional diplomacy at multiple tiers and in a wide range of fields. We will continue to take into account both the domestic and international situations, make continuous innovation in our diplomatic practices and theories, and make active contribution to the successful opening of the 18th National Congress of the CPC and full implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan.

具体来讲，我们今年外交工作的重点：

The priories of China’s diplomatic work this year are as follows:

一是要服务发展。就是要围绕为我国加快转变经济发展方式服好务这条主线，妥善应对外部各种风险和挑战，为我们国家的经济和社会发展争取更多有利的外部环境。

First, serve China’s domestic development. We will properly handle the external risks and challenges, and create more favorable conditions for China’s economic and social development to serve the primary goal of shifting China’s growth model at a faster pace.

二是维护和平。坚定维护国家主权和安全，更加积极地倡导通过对话、协商、谈判的方式来处理和解决国际和地区问题，特别是热点问题，发挥中国负责任的大国作用。

Second, uphold peace. We will continue to firmly defend China’s sovereignty and security, stand for handling and resolving regional and international issues, in particular, those hotspot ones

through dialogue, consultation and negotiation, and play a responsible role as a big country.

三是促进合作。我们要进一步加强同世界各国、各个国际和地区组织之间的友好合作，深化共同利益，携手应对全球性挑战，以更好地维护世界和平，促进共同发展。

Third, promote cooperation. We will enhance our friendly relations and cooperation with other countries and regional and international organizations. We will work with them to deepen common interests, meet global challenges and safeguard world peace and promote common development.

俄罗斯新闻社记者：您对近日在俄罗斯举行的总统大选有什么评价？中方对中俄战略协作伙伴关系的发展有什么考虑？另外，今年中国是上海合作组织轮值主席国，将承办上合组织2012年峰会，中方对此有什么考虑？对上合组织的发展有什么期待？

RIA Novosti: Minister Yang, how do you comment on the recently held presidential election in Russia? What considerations does the Chinese side have for the further development of the China-Russia strategic partnership of coordination? This year, China will be the rotating president of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and play host to the 2012 SCO summit. Can you tell us some of China’s considerations about the summit? And what expectations does the Chinese side have for the future development of the SCO?

杨洁篪：我们注意到，3月4日俄罗斯已经顺利地举行了总统大选。胡锦涛主席已经向当选总统普京发去贺电。我们预祝俄罗斯人民在国家富强和民族振兴道路上取得更大的成就。

Foreign Minister Yang: We have noted that the presidential election of Russia was smoothly held on March 4th. President Hu Jintao has sent a message of congratulations to newly elected President Putin. We wish the people of the Russian Federation even greater achievements in their cause of national prosperity and revitalization.

中国政府将坚定不移地同俄罗斯一起，推进中俄全面战略协作伙伴关系，全面加强两国务实合作。

The Chinese government is prepared to work closely with the Russian side to deepen the comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination between the two countries and enhance practical cooperation between the two sides in all fields.

今年的中俄关系可以概括为“一个中心，五个重点”。“一个中心”就是全面贯彻落实未来十年中俄关系的发展规划。“五个重点”：一是搞好今年双方高层接触和互访；二是加大相互在政治上的支持；三是进一步推进双方在经贸、能源、科技、地方和基础设施等方面的互利合作；四是加强双方人文交流，特别是要办好俄罗斯旅游年；五是密切双方在国际和地区事务中的合作。我们相信通过双方努力，中俄全面战略协作伙伴关系一定会结出更加丰硕的果实。

As far as the China-Russia relationship this year is concerned, it can be summed up as “one central task” and “five priorities”. The one central task is to fully implement the plan for the development of China-Russia relations in the next ten years. The five priorities are: First, ensure the success of high-level contacts and mutual visits this year. Second, increase mutual political support. Third, intensify practical cooperation between the two countries in such fields as economy and trade, energy, science and technology, infrastructure as well as at the local level. Fourth, step up cultural and people-to-people exchanges. In particular, we need to work together to ensure the success of the Year of Russian Tourism in China. And fifth, enhance cooperation in regional and international affairs. We are confident that with the joint efforts of the two countries, the comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination will achieve even greater results.

今年是上合组织的“睦邻友好年”，也是上合组织第二个十年的开局之年，中方将主持今年上海合作组织峰会，主题是深化睦邻友好、规划组织未来。这次会议主要议题为三项：一是深化上合组织各项友好合作措施，制定上合组织未来十年发展战略；二是部署下一阶段务实合作，特别是要建立多边合作的融资保障机制；三是就国际和地区形势进行讨论，特别是要讨论完善上合组织应对威胁本地区和平、安全、稳定事态的措施。我们相信这次会议一定会对上合组织的发展起到承前启后、继往开来的作用。

This year is the year of good-neighborly relations of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. It is also the first year for the development of the SCO in its second decade. China will play host to the SCO summit this year. The theme of the summit this year is to deepen good-neighborly relations and plan the future of the SCO. There are three main items on the agenda of the summit. The first is to discuss measures for enhancing friendly relations and cooperation under the SCO framework, and formulate a strategy on the development of the organization in the next ten years. Second, plan the next stage of practical cooperation of the SCO, in particular the establishment of institutional safeguards for the financing of multilateral cooperation. Third, there will be an exchange of views on regional and international situations, with a focus on improving the SCO measures in coping with situations that pose threats to regional peace, stability and security. We believe that the SCO summit this year will help build on past progress and open up new prospects for the future development of the organization.

关于上合组织发展的未来，我认为各方会进一步地发掘毗邻优势，加强地区安全稳定方面的合作，进一步加强本地区的互联互通和人文交流，以造福各国人民。

With respect to the future of the SCO, I believe all the parties concerned will make better use of the advantage of geographical proximity and work together to enhance cooperation for regional security and stability and strengthen regional connectivity and people-to-people exchanges so as to bring more benefits to their people.

美国华尔街日报记者：中国是否将美国把战略中心转向亚洲看作是对中国构成威胁？如果是的话，中国将采取什么样的反制措施来抗衡？另外，考虑到中美两国在伊朗、叙利亚以及其他问题上存在一些分歧，两国应该采取什么样的措施来加深互信？

Wall Street Journal: Minister Yang, does China regard the recent US strategic shift towards Asia as a threat? And if so, what countermeasures does China plan against that threat? More broadly, given the range of tensions now between China and the US over Iran, Syria and many other issues, what steps should the two countries be taking to establish more trust?

杨洁篪：我认为有必要先就中美关系的总体情况阐述一些看法。

Foreign Minister Yang: I believe it is necessary that we first look at the big picture of China-US ties.

今年是中美《上海公报》发表40周年。40年来，中美关系经历了风风雨雨，但总的态势是不断地向前发展，双方交往合作的大门越开越大。中美交往史已经深刻揭示：中美和则两利、斗则俱伤。保持中美关系健康稳定发展是两国的共同责任，也符合国际社会的根本利益。我认为即使中美之间存在一些分歧和矛盾，但总的发展势头是向前的，而不是后退的。

This year marks the 40th anniversary of the issuance of China-US Shanghai Communiqué. Over the past 40 years, China-US relations have forged ahead in spite of some twists and turns, and the door of exchange and cooperation between the two countries has become more wide open. The engagement between China and the United States has shown that a peaceful China-US relationship benefits both countries, while a confrontational one harms both. To sustain the sound and steady development of China-US relationship is the common responsibility of the two countries. It also meets the fundamental interest of the international community. There are some differences and disagreements between China and the United States. But on the whole this relationship has been moving forward, not backward.

胡锦涛主席去年对美国进行了成功的国事访问，同奥巴马总统就共同建设中美相互尊重、互利共赢的合作伙伴关系达成了重要共识。一年多来，胡锦涛主席、温家宝总理同奥巴马总统进行了多次重要会晤。上个月，习近平副主席对美国进行了成功访问，有力地推进了两国合作伙伴关系的建设。

Last year, President Hu Jintao paid a successful state visit to the United States. During the visit, he and President Obama reached important agreement that the two countries will work together to build a China-US cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit. Since then, President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao have had several important meetings with President Obama. Last month, Vice President Xi Jinping paid a successful visit to the US. That has given a strong boost to the building of China-US cooperative partnership.

我们一直认为应该坚持从战略高度和长远角度来看待和处理中美关系，牢牢把握两国合作伙伴关系的大方向。双方应该始终坚持中美三个联合公报和中美联合声明的原则，切实尊重彼此核心利益和重大关切。美方尤其要恪守承诺，慎重、妥善处理台湾、涉藏等涉及中国核心利益的问题。双方应该继续通过高层互访和接触，比如中美战略与经济对话等渠道来加深沟通协调，增进战略互信，排除各种干扰，建立起大国之间良性互动、合作共赢的新局面。

In handling China-US relations, we always believe that the two sides should view and handle this bilateral relationship from a strategic and long-term perspective. They should always work

closely together to build a China-US cooperative partnership. We believe the two sides should always adhere to the principles set out in the three Sino-US Joint Communiqués and China-US Joint Statement, and truly respect each other’s core interests and major concerns. In particular, the US side needs to honor its commitment and carefully and properly handle Taiwan and Tibet-related issues that concern China’s core interests. I believe the two countries should continue to intensify exchanges and coordination through such platforms as high-level mutual visits and contacts and the China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogues. The two countries should work together to increase mutual strategic trust, remove various disturbances and open up new prospects for such two big countries as China and the US to embrace healthy interaction and win-win cooperation.

亚太是中美利益交汇最集中的地区。这一地区总的态势是什么？大家可以分析一下。我认为谋和平、求合作、促发展是本地区的大势所趋、人心所向，不可阻挡。中国在国际社会中跟其他各国，无论是大国小国、弱国强国、贫国富国，都是平等的一员。中国的道路条条通向亚太，条条通向世界。我们愿意同各国合作，共同建设一个更加美好、更加平等的世界。我认为有关各方都应该致力于亚太地区的和平稳定，致力于本地区的发展繁荣。我们希望并欢迎美国在这一地区发挥建设性的作用。当然，我们也希望美国尊重中国的利益和关切。我们愿意同美国和本地区的其他国家一起，共同建设一个更加稳定、发展的亚太地区。

China and the United States have more converging interests in the Asia-Pacific region than anywhere else in the world. What is the trend in this part of the world? In my view, the trend of peace, development and cooperation is going strong in this region. It meets people’s will and it is unstoppable. We believe all countries in the world, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community. All roads from China lead to the Asia-Pacific and the whole world. China is ready to work with other countries to build a more equal and harmonious world. We hope that all countries concerned will work together for peace, stability, development and prosperity of this region. We hope to see and welcome a constructive role by the United States in this region. At the same time, we hope the US side will respect China’s interests and concerns. We are ready to work with the United States and other countries in this region to develop an Asia-Pacific region that enjoys greater stability and development.

在叙利亚和伊朗问题上，中美之间保持着密切的沟通。总之，中东地区的和平、稳定和发展，符合中东地区人民根本利益，也符合国际社会根本利益。这是我们处理中东有关问题的出发点和立足点。

China and the United States have stayed in close communication on the issue of Syria and the issue of Iran. Peace, stability and development in the Middle East region serves the fundamental interests of both people in that region and the international community. This is the overarching purpose and end goal in our dealing with relevant issues in the Middle East.

你刚才提到叙利亚、伊朗，我就先谈谈伊朗问题。在伊朗核问题上，我们反对中东任何国家，包括伊朗，研发和拥有核武器。同时，我们认为所有国家都有在遵守义务的前提下和平利用核能的权利。我们认为，应该通过对话而不是对抗，通过合作而不是制裁来妥善地处理和解决这个问题。我们反对单边制裁，国际上多数国家普遍持这个立场。同时，我们非常

重视六国同伊朗磋商谈判的机制，这六国里面就包括中国和美国。在这个机制中，我们同美国、俄罗斯、欧盟等国家和有关组织保持着密切的沟通和协调。我们希望能够尽早地举行下一次会谈，以推进解决伊朗核问题的进程。

You mentioned Syria and Iran. Let me now say a few words about Iran. On the Iranian nuclear issue, we are opposed to the development and possession of nuclear weapons by any country in the Middle East, including Iran. At the same time, we believe that all countries, while fulfilling their obligations, have the right to peaceful use of nuclear energy. We believe that this issue should be properly handled and resolved though dialogue not confrontation, through cooperation not sanctions. We are opposed to imposing unilateral sanctions. And we believe that the majority of countries in the world take such a position. At the same time, we place high importance on the mechanism of consultation and negotiation between the P5 plus one and Iran. China and the United States are among the P5 plus one countries. Under the framework of this mechanism, China has stayed in close communication and coordination with the United States, Russia, the EU, and other members concerned. We hope to see early holding of the next round of dialogue under this mechanism so as to push forward the process of seeking a proper settlement of the Iranian nuclear issue.

中央人民广播电台记者：从去年年底以来，中国与周边国家领导人密集互访、互动频繁。同时有人认为，一些周边国家同中国围绕领土和海洋权益的争议在升温。还有一些国家对中国国力增长和外交姿态的担忧也在上升。您如何评价中国与周边国家的关系？中国将如何处理和解决同一些周边国家存在的争议？

China National Radio: We have noted that since the end of last year, there have been close mutual visits and interactions between China and its neighbors at the leadership level. Yet some people take the view that the disputes between China and some of its neighboring countries over territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests have heated up. And some countries are increasingly worried about China’s national strength and its diplomatic posturing. How do you evaluate China’s relations with its neighbors and how will China handle and resolve the disputes it has with some of its neighbors?

杨洁篪：看中国和周边国家的关系，我认为应该看发展的大趋势，这种关系发展的根本趋势是好的。中国奉行与邻为善、以邻为伴的周边外交政策，致力于深化同亚洲国家的互利合作。当前，我们同亚洲国家关系的发展态势是好的，充满着各种积极的因素。

Foreign Minister Yang: I believe one should view China’s relationship with its neighboring countries in the broader context of the general trend of development. I believe now the general trend is a positive one. China pursues a policy of building good-neighborly relationships and partnerships with countries in its neighborhood. We are committed to deepening the mutually beneficial cooperation with other Asian countries. Relations between China and other Asian countries are in good shape, and there are a lot of positive factors.

一是高层交往“密”。去年，中国和绝大多数亚洲国家都进行了高层互访。以东盟国家为例，我们跟东盟国家之间高层互访超过50多起。这些高层交往对于促进双方相互了解、

友好合作发挥了不可替代的引领作用。

First, there have been close high-level exchanges. Last year, there were high level mutual visits between China and the majority of other Asian countries. Take ASEAN countries as an example. There were over 50 high-level mutual visits between the Chinese side and the ASEAN countries. High-level exchanges have played an irreplaceable role in guiding the efforts of China and other Asian countries in increasing mutual understanding and friendship.

二是利益融合“深”。你刚才讲到，有些周边国家担心中国的国力日益强大，我倒觉得他们是担心中国发展速度太慢。我最近访问了一些亚洲国家，他们希望中国经济保持现在的这种良好状态，能够进一步发展，这有利于双方经贸和其他领域的互利合作，造福于中国和有关国家的人民，何乐而不为？

Second, the interests of China and other Asian countries have become more closely entwined. Just now you said that some countries are worried about China’s rising national strength. But I am afraid their worry is that what if China’s development becomes too slow. I have visited some Asian countries recently. I feel that the Asian countries want to see the sustained, positive momentum of the Chinese economy. And they hope that China will enjoy continuous development as that will bring abundant benefits to people of the two sides in terms of business cooperation and mutually beneficial cooperation in other fields. When there are so many benefits, why not do it?

这个世界是一个很不平衡的世界，有人拿着大喇叭，有人只有小喇叭，有人没有喇叭。但是我始终认为数字比喇叭重要。中国现在已经成为周边大多数国家最大的贸易伙伴，去年我们同亚洲国家贸易总额超过1万亿美元，我们在亚洲地区投资近200亿美元。中国和亚洲国家在科技、金融、能源、基础设施等领域合作的广度和深度都是前所未有的。

This world is far from a balanced one. Some have megaphones, some only small microphones and some none. Yet I always believe that the real figures speaker louder than microphones. China has become the biggest trading partner of the majority of its neighbors. Last year, trade between China and other Asian countries topped US$1 trillion. China’s investment in the Asian region approached US$20 billion. Cooperation between China and other Asian countries in science and technology, finance, energy and infrastructure has been unprecedented in terms of both breadth and depth.

三是相互协作“多”。我们同亚洲国家在处理重大国际和地区问题、推进区域合作、妥善应对国际金融危机、抗击大自然灾害等方面携手努力、共同合作。

Third, mutual coordination has increased. China and other Asian countries have helped each other and worked closely together in handling major regional and international issues, pushing forward regional cooperation and tackling the international financial crisis and major natural disasters.

四是人文交流“亲”。去年，我们同许多亚洲国家都举办了友好年、青年大联欢，见证了中国人民和亚洲各国人民的深情厚谊。

Fourth, there have been dynamic cultural and people-to-people exchanges. Last year, China and many other Asian countries held such cultural and people-to-people exchange activities as Year of Friendship and youth festival. These activities have witnessed the deep friendship between the Chinese people and people of other Asian countries.

对于同周边部分国家存在的一些矛盾和分歧，我们致力于通过对话协商，和平解决这些争议。同时，我们也希望有关各方尊重中国的正当权益，与中方相向而行，避免可能导致局势复杂化的言行，共同推动亚洲稳定、发展与进步。中国同有关国家在这方面已经取得了进展，过去一段时间里，就和平解决争端、共同推进互利合作达成了一系列重要共识。

It is true that there are some differences and disagreements between China and some of its neighboring countries over some issues. China believes that these disputes should be peacefully handled and resolved through dialogue and consultation. At the same time, we hope that the relevant parties will respect China’s legitimate rights and interests, avoid making remarks or taking moves that may complicate the situation and work with China for stability, development and progress in the Asian region. We believe that progress has already been made in handling these differences between China and the relevant Asian countries. And the two sides have reached important consensus on seeking peaceful settlement of related disputes and pushing forward mutually beneficial cooperation.

这里我要特别提一下南海问题。中方一贯主张以事实为基础，根据国际关系基本准则，由直接当事国通过谈判妥善解决南海争议。在争议解决之前，可以“搁置争议、共同开发”。中国同有关国家就和平解决争议、推进南海务实合作达成了一系列重要共识，当然还有很多工作要做。我还想指出，我们同东盟国家就《南海各方行为宣言》指导方针达成一致。总之，我认为中国和有关国家有能力、有智慧处理好南海问题，共同维护南海地区的和平与稳定。

Let me say a few words about the South China Sea issue here. China always believes that the disputes in the South China Sea should be properly resolved through negotiations between the parties to the disputes on the basis of facts and in accordance with the basic norms governing international relations. Pending final settlement of the disputes, the parties concerned may put aside their disputes and engage in joint development. China and the relevant countries have reached important agreement on peacefully resolving disputes and pushing forward practical cooperation in the South China Sea. At the same time, much remains to be done in this regard. China and ASEAN countries have reached agreement on the guidelines on the implementation of the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea. In a word, we believe that China and relevant countries have the ability and wisdom to properly handle the South China Sea issue and maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea.

新华社记者：刚才您对过去十年的外交工作进行了回顾，我想问个向前看的问题。您认为在今后十年，世界将会发生哪些重要变化？中国又会发挥怎样的作用？

Xinhua News Agency: Minister Yang, just now you reviewed China’s diplomacy in the past ten years. My question is a forward-looking one. What major changes do you think will take place in our world in the next ten years and what role will China play?

杨洁篪：今后十年是我国和平发展极为重要的十年。我们将庆祝中国共产党成立100周年，将实现全面建成小康社会的宏伟目标。同时，有必要指出，判断一个国家的综合经济实力，不仅仅是用一个指标，而是要用一个指标体系；不仅仅是用一个总量指标，而是要用多个结构性指标。中国作为发展中国家的基本属性没有改变，中国基本实现现代化还有很长的路要走。我们充满信心，我们会实现我们的目标，但是我们对形势、对要走的路也有着非常客观的判断。我们不妄自菲薄，也不好为人师。

Foreign Minister Yang: The next ten years will be a very important decade for China’s peaceful development. We will mark the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. We will meet our objective of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. At the same time, I want to point out that to judge the overall economic strength of a country, one should look at not just one particular indicator but a whole system of indicators, not just one aggregate number but several structural numbers. China will remain a developing country, and there is still a long way to go before China can achieve modernization. We have full confidence that we will meet our goal. We also have an objective judgment of the situation and our road ahead. China will neither belittle itself nor seek to lecture others.

今后十年将是世界上一系列趋势性、格局性变化加速发展的十年，将是各方密切互动、变中求治的十年。有四个大的趋势特别值得重视：

I believe the next ten years will be a decade when fast changes will take place in the international architecture and major trends will develop rapidly in the world. It will also be a decade when all the parties engage in close interactions and pursue stability and improved governance in the midst of changes. The following major trends deserve particular attention:

一是谋发展的势头更加强劲。各方更加注重转变经济发展方式，在经济全球化背景下，努力扩大自身参与全球经济合作和竞争的新优势。

First, the momentum of pursuing development will gather steam. All parties will pay closer attention to shifting their growth models at a faster pace and they will endeavor to develop and enhance their new advantages as they participate in international economic cooperation and competition in an age of economic globalization.

二是世界多极化趋势更加明朗。发展中国家整体实力将增强，国际力量对比将向着相对均衡的方向发展。

Second, the trend towards a multi-polar world will become clearer. The overall strength of developing countries will be on the rise and there will be greater balance in the distribution of international power.

三是围绕国际体系变革的竞争与合作更加深入。各方力求对国际规则和国际秩序的调整演变施加更大影响。全球治理和现行国际体系变革会继续稳步推进。

Third, the competition and cooperation surrounding reform of the international system will get stronger. The parties will seek to exert bigger influence on the adjustment and shift of the international rules and international order. And reform of international governance and the current international system will move ahead steadily.

四是国际和地区热点以及全球性问题会更加突出，有的热点问题会继续升温。气候变化、能源资源、粮食安全等问题会层出不穷，恐怖主义等全球性问题依然存在。各国之间相互依存、利益融合度将会继续上升。我相信，同舟共济、共克时艰的理念会更加深入人心。

Fourth, regional and international hotspot issues and global challenges will become more prominent. Some hotspot issues will continue to heat up. Such global challenges as climate change, energy, resource and food security and terrorism will persist. And countries will become more interdependent with their interests more closely entwined. I believe under such circumstances the idea of sticking together in tough times to tide over the difficulties will gain stronger popular support.

综合各方面因素，我认为今后十年我国外部环境中的有利因素和不利因素会叠加交织，险和难、时与势是一个问题的两个方面，机遇与挑战并存，并且可能相互转化。总体上看，对我国来讲机遇仍然大于挑战。我们国家仍然处于发展的重要战略机遇期。

In the next ten years, the favorable and unfavorable factors in the external environment of China are interwoven. Risks and difficulties, favorable conditions and positive trends are the two sides of a coin. There are both opportunities and challenges. And on the whole, we believe that for China, opportunities outweigh challenges and the country is still at an important stage of strategic opportunities for development.

中国将坚持奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持走和平发展的道路，坚持互利共赢的开放战略，坚持同各国共同建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。我们特别主张合作共赢，就是说在寻求自身利益的同时，要考虑别国的利益，要相互照顾，权责共担，弘义融利。要共同努力，推动国际秩序向着更加公正合理的方向发展，建设一个更加美好的世界。

China will remain committed to the independent foreign policy of peace, the path of peaceful development and a win-win strategy of opening-up. We will continue to work with other countries to build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity. We believe that all countries should embrace win-win cooperation. This means that while pursuing one’s own interests, one also needs to take into account the interests of other countries; while enjoying one’s rights, one should also fulfill its responsibilities. Countries need to accommodate each other and work together to uphold justice and expand common interests. We believe that all countries should work together to make the international order more just and equitable and to usher in a better future for the world.

印度报业托拉斯记者：我想问的问题是，新兴市场国家和许多发展中国家快速发展对国际格局有什么影响？金砖国家领导人即将在本月举行会晤，中国对这次会晤有什么期待？另

外不久前您对印度进行了访问。访问期间，您与印方领导人广泛交流了看法，还就加强海上合作等达成了共识。请您评价一下现在的中印关系以及中印之间存在的问题。

PTI: I would like to ask you about the impact of the rapid development of emerging economies and many developing countries on the global arena. I think this question is relevant because the BRICS summit is coming up this month and I would like to know what exactly is coming upon the agenda and focus of the BRICS summit and how China views it. You just concluded a visit to India, had extensive discussions with the Indian leadership, and signed interesting agreements on maritime cooperation. I’d like you to give us a broader picture of where India-China relationship stands today and with regard to various differences that the two countries have on a number of issues.

杨洁篪：当前世界一大批新兴市场和发展中国家快速发展，这对推动国际秩序朝着公平合理方向发展是极为有利的。去年在我国三亚举行的金砖国家领导人第三次会晤是十分成功的。我相信不久将在印度举行的第四次金砖国家领导人会晤也会取得圆满成功。

Foreign Minister Yang: The rapid development of a large number of emerging market economies and developing countries in today’s world is very conducive to making our international order more just and equitable. Last year, the third BRICS Leaders Meeting was successfully held in Sanya, Hainan of China and I believe the upcoming fourth BRICS summit will be crowned with success.

就中方来讲，我们希望此次会议取得三方面的成果：一是要促增长，就是要增强世界经济增长的信心，为全球经济复苏增添新的动力；二是要促稳定，就是要发挥金砖国家在国际事务中的重要作用，促进地区局势缓和与稳定；三是要促合作，就是要推进成员国之间在经济、金融等方面的务实合作，为各国人民乃至世界人民带来更多好处。

China hopes that the upcoming BRICS summit will achieve important results in three areas. First, boost growth. We hope that the summit will help enhance people’s confidence in world economic growth and add new impetus to world economic recovery. Second, promote stability. We hope that the summit will bring out the active and constructive role of BRICS countries in international affairs and promote the relaxation and stability of regional situation. Third, enhance cooperation. We hope that the summit will help push forward the practical cooperation among the BRICS countries in economy, finance and other fields, and bring real benefits to people of the BRICS countries and people of the world.

最近我访问了印度，主要目的是为我国领导人出席金砖国家领导人第四次会晤作准备，同时也为了推进中印关系。我感到中印双方都希望两国关系能健康、稳定发展，都希望加强交流，增进互信，开拓合作。我同贵国外长就保持两国高层交往势头、推进中印各领域务实合作、加强人员往来、推进人文交流等都达成了一致意见。我认为我们要按照两国领导人的共识来努力做好具体工作，包括进行海上合作对话以及双方继续共同努力，维护边境地区和平与安宁。

Not long ago, I visited India. The purpose of my visit is to make preparations for the

attendance of the fourth BRICS summit by the Chinese leader and to push forward China-India relations. I feel that both China and India want to see continuous, sound and steady growth of their bilateral relationship and they want to enhance exchange, increase mutual trust and expand cooperation. I had a thorough exchange of views and a meeting of minds with my Indian counterpart, the foreign minister, on a series of aspects, including maintaining the momentum of high-level exchanges between the two countries, advancing China-India practical cooperation in all fields and intensifying personnel interflow and cultural exchanges between the two sides. We believe that we need to do all specific work well in implementing the important agreement reached at the leadership level, including conducting consultations between the two sides on maritime security and working together to ensure peace and tranquility in the China-India border areas.

日本经济新闻记者：今年是日中邦交正常化40周年。请问您对当前日中关系有何评价？对进一步发展两国关系有何考虑？日本和中国之间有一些敏感问题，在这种情况下，您认为应如何增进日中战略互信、改善国民感情？作为今年日中韩合作的协调国，中方对日中韩合作有何评价？

Nihon Keizai Shimbun: This year marks the 40th anniversary of the normalization of diplomatic ties between China and Japan. How do you comment on the current China-Japan relationship? What considerations does China have for the further development of China-Japan relations? Given the fact that there are some sensitive issues between the two countries, how do you think to increase the strategic mutual trust between the two countries and improve the national sentiments between people of the two countries? Moreover, this year China is the coordinator of the cooperation among China, Japan and the ROK. How does China comment on the trilateral cooperation?

杨洁篪：中日邦交正常化40年来，两国关系在各方面取得了长足进展。中国政府高度重视中日关系。我们主张双方应在中日四个政治文件的基础上，不断增进政治互信，扩大各领域务实合作，增进国民感情，推进中日战略互惠关系。

Foreign Minister Yang: Over the past 40 years since China and Japan normalized their diplomatic relations, China-Japan relationship has come a long way in a wide range of fields. The Chinese government places high importance on its relationship with Japan. We believe that the two sides need to continue to enhance mutual political trust in line with the principles enshrined in the four political documents between China and Japan, expand practical cooperation in all fields, improve national sentiments between people of the two countries and push forward the development of China-Japan strategic relationship of mutual benefit.

关于中日关系中存在的历史、钓鱼岛等敏感问题，我们希望日方充分认识到这些问题的复杂性和敏感性。这些问题关系到中日两国关系的政治基础和两国关系的大局。我们认为，日本方面要真正做到以史为鉴、面向未来，切实从两国关系大局出发，处理好这些十分敏感的问题。

With respect to the sensitive issues between China and Japan, such as the history issue and

the issue of Diaoyu Islands, we hope the Japanese side will fully recognize the complexity and sensitivity of these issues. These issues concern the political foundation and overall interests of China-Japan relations. The Japanese side should truly take history as a mirror and look forward to the future, and properly handle these sensitive issues in keeping with the overall interests of its relationship with China.

我也认为有必要来谈谈如何增进战略互信和增进两国国民感情的问题。增进中日战略互信的关键是要从战略上正确客观认识对方的发展，真正视对方发展为机遇，把对方看作是自己发展的伙伴。2008年，胡锦涛主席访问日本时，同日本领导人一起发表了第四个中日政治文件。双方就“互为合作伙伴、互不构成威胁”，“相互支持对方的和平发展”等重大问题达成了重要政治共识。将这些共识转化为两国交往的实际行动，我想中日互信就能够不断深化。

我认为增进国民感情是一项系统工程，双方都要着眼长远，多层次地做工作，特别是要多做青年之间交流工作，使更多的人投入到中日友好的事业中。

I also believe it is necessary for us to talk about how to increase the mutual strategic trust and improve the national sentiments between people of the two sides. To enhance mutual strategic trust between China and Japan, I believe it is crucial that both sides view each other’s development from the right, objective and strategic perspective, and truly see each other as an opportunity and partner for development. During President Hu Jintao’s visit to Japan in 2008, the two sides issued the fourth political document between China and Japan and reached the important political agreement that the two countries are each other’s cooperation partner, they don’t pose a threat to each other and that they will support each other’s peaceful development. I believe if such political agreement can be truly implemented in our exchanges, the mutual trust between the two countries will deepen. I believe to improve the national sentiments between people of the two countries involves efforts in a wide range of fields. It requires that both sides take a long term perspective and intensify exchanges at various levels, in particular the exchanges between young people of the two countries, so that more people of the two countries are engaged in the cause of friendship.

今年中国是中日韩合作的协调国。温家宝总理将在中国与日本、韩国领导人举行第五次中日韩领导人会议。我们愿意同日本、韩国方面加强协调合作，深化相互间务实合作，深化社会人文交流，同时就一些重要国际地区问题交换看法。我们认为，各方应该努力来推进中日韩自贸区建设，深化三国面向未来的全方位合作伙伴关系。

This year, China is the coordinator of the China-Japan-ROK cooperation mechanism. Premier Wen Jiabao will hold, with leaders from Japan and the ROK, the fifth trilateral leaders’ meeting in China. We want to work with Japan and the ROK to deepen practical cooperation, promote cultural and people-to-people exchanges and exchange views on regional and international issues. We believe the parties should enhance the building of the China-Japan-ROK FTA and work together to push forward their future-oriented, all-dimensional partnership for cooperation.

中新社记者：您如何看待当前的朝鲜半岛局势？去年以来，有关各方围绕重启六方会谈进行了接触和沟通，您对重启六方会谈有何看法？不久，第二届核安全峰会将在韩国首尔举行，请问中方对此有何期待？

China News Service: Minister Yang, how do you see the current situation on the Korean Peninsula? We have seen that the relevant parties have had some contact and interaction since last year surrounding the restart of the Six-Party Talks. How you look at the prospects of the resumption of the Six-Party Talks? The second Nuclear Security Summit will soon be held in Seoul. What expectations does the Chinese side have?

杨洁篪：维护朝鲜半岛和平稳定，实现半岛无核化，实现有关国家关系正常化，构筑东北亚和平安全机制，符合各方共同利益，也为国际社会所期待。现在，六方会谈已经成为探讨和解决上述问题的有效机制和重要平台。

Foreign Minister Yang: It serves the common interests of all parties concerned and meets the aspiration of the international community to uphold peace and security on the Korean Peninsula, achieve the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and normalization of relations between relevant countries, and build a peace and security mechanism for Northeast Asia. The Six-Party Talks has become an effective mechanism and important platform for discussing and resolving the above-mentioned issues.

我认为最近一段时间出现了各方良性互动的积极态势。作为六方会谈的主席国，中国一直在同各方保持密切接触和对话，做劝和促谈工作，取得了一些重要成效。同时，我们也欢迎其他各方彼此进行对话，比如最近朝美进行了对话。我们认为朝美对话取得了一些积极进展，对此表示欢迎。我们希望各方都凝聚智慧、排除干扰，共同为推进六方会谈的进程，为实现半岛无核化和东北亚长治久安发挥建设性作用。

Over the past weeks and months, various parties have engaged in positive interactions and contacts. As the chair of the Six-Party Talks, China has stayed in close touch with other relevant parties. We have always encouraged dialogue in pursuit of peaceful settlement of relevant issues and our work has achieved some important results. At the same time, we welcome dialogue and contact between the relevant parties. For example, not long ago, there was dialogue between the DPRK and the United States and positive progress has been made. We welcome that. We hope all the parties concerned will pool their wisdom, remove disturbances and work together to play a constructive role in advancing the Six-Party process and achieving the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and lasting peace and stability in Northeast Asia.

第二届核安全峰会本月下旬将在首尔举行，中国领导人将应邀出席。峰会期间，各方将围绕加强核材料和核设施的安全，加强防范核恐怖活动进行讨论。我相信通过各方努力，这次会议也会制定新的加强核安全的具体措施。这样将有利于进一步凝聚国际社会在核安全方面的共识，为相关的国际努力注入新的动力。

The second Nuclear Security Summit will be held in Seoul late this month. The Chinese leader will attend the summit. During the summit, there will be discussions on enhancing the security of nuclear materials and nuclear facilities and guarding against nuclear terrorism. I also believe that with the joint efforts of all the participants, the summit will also set out new, concrete

measures related to nuclear security. That can help further build up international consensus on nuclear security and inject new dynamism into related international effort.

香港凤凰卫视记者：现在国际社会最为关心的问题就是叙利亚问题。中国一直希望通过政治途径寻求和平解决，但是叙利亚的情况看起来好像并不太乐观。您对于未来中东局势有何看法？中国在这个问题上的看法和立场是否会影响中国和阿拉伯国家之间的关系？

Phoenix TV: My question is about the situation in Syria. China has always stood for a peaceful and political settlement of the Syrian issue, but the situation in Syria now is not an optimistic one. How does China see the future development of this issue and will China’s position and views on this issue in any way affect its relationship with the Arab countries?

杨洁篪：我们认为，中东地区形势正在发生一些重大变化，但是最了解这个地区情况的是中东人民，中东地区的问题主要应该由中东人民自己来解决，中东的前途命运应该掌握在中东人民手中。

Foreign Minister Yang: It is true that major changes are taking place in the Middle East region. We firmly believe that people in the Middle East know best the situation there, issues in the Middle East region should be resolved by the people of the Middle East, and the future and destiny of the region should be determined by the people there.

长期以来，中国坚定支持阿拉伯国家和人民的正义事业，彼此建立了深厚的友谊。我们之间没有历史积怨，有的是越来越多的共同利益，有的是携手努力维护和平、促进发展的共识。

Over the years, China has been a firm supporter of the just cause of the Arab countries and their people. The two sides have forged a deep friendship, and there are no historical grievances between the two sides. What the two sides have is expanding common interests and the consensus of working together to uphold peace and promote development.

十个手指有长短。中国和一些阿拉伯国家有时在一些具体做法上可能不尽相同，但是在维护中东地区整体稳定和发展繁荣方面的目标是一致的。中阿合作是全面的、战略性的，双方之间的友谊是经得起风云变幻考验的。

Even the ten fingers can not be of the same length. It is true that China and some Arab countries may sometimes differ in specific ways of action, but the two sides have the same overall objective of promoting stability, development and prosperity in the Middle East region. Cooperation between China and Arab countries is comprehensive and strategic, and the friendship and cooperation between the two sides can stand the test of changing international circumstances.

关于叙利亚问题，正如各位所知，外交部负责人最近发表了谈话，提出了中方关于处理和解决叙利亚问题的六点主张和呼吁。中国领导人就此问题在不同场合阐述了中方观点，中国外交部有关官员也正在同各方交流看法，我本人也同一些方面的负责人通过电话或者当面交谈。实际情况是，中国的上述立场和主张，特别是最近外交部负责人发表的谈话，得到了

国际社会普遍高度重视，得到了越来越多的理解和支持。

On the issue of Syria, as you know, not long ago, a leading official of the Chinese Foreign Ministry made a statement on this issue. He set out China’s six-point proposition and proposal on handling and resolving the issue of Syria. Chinese leaders have made clear China’s views on this issue on several occasions. Chinese Foreign Ministry officials are also in contact with the relevant parties. I myself have talked on the phone or face-to-face with the relevant parties. The fact is that the international community has paid very high attention to the position, proposition and initiative of the Chinese side on this issue, in particular the recent statement made by the leading official of the Chinese Foreign Ministry. And our position and view on this issue have received increasing understanding and support.

西班牙埃菲社记者：您怎么评价中欧关系？欧元还有未来吗？欧洲解决自己债务问题的努力是否会为中国投资带来机会呢？

La Agencia EFE, S.A.: Has the Euro a future? Does the euro zone crisis offer a good opportunity of investment? Or should instead China spend their money in its internal development? And finally Minister, how do you evaluate the relations between China and European countries?

杨洁篪：我认为中欧领导人最近举行的会晤取得了重要成果，中欧关系发展前景广阔。虽然欧元经历了不少困难，但是我们相信欧洲有能力、有智慧克服暂时的困难，解决债务问题，迎来新的发展。中国对欧洲一直抱有信心，我们一直以自己的方式来支持欧元和欧洲金融的稳定，我们愿意继续向欧洲投资，达到互利双赢的目的。

Foreign Minister Yang: Not long ago, the China-EU Summit was held and important progress was made at the summit. In my view, China-EU relationship has bright prospects. We believe that although the euro zone has encountered some difficulties, the European Union and the European countries have the ability and wisdom to overcome the current difficulties, resolve their debt issue and make new progress along the course of development. We always have confidence in the EU and the euro zone, and we have supported the EU’s efforts in stabilizing the financial situation through our own ways. We will continue to make investment in Europe and the euro to achieve mutual benefit.

人民日报记者：近年来，中国同非洲国家关系的发展引起国际社会广泛关注，您如何评价当前的中非关系和中非合作？此外，有人认为中国在非洲的影响力在上升，请问中国在非洲事务中发挥了怎样的作用？

People’s Daily: In recent years, the relationship between China and African countries has received wide international attention. How do you evaluate the current China-Africa relationship and cooperation? Some people say that China’s influence in Africa is increasing. What role has China been playing in African affairs?

杨洁篪：非洲人民选择中国作为同他们真诚合作的伙伴，我们为此感到荣幸，我们也感到自己的责任重大。中国是发展中国家，愿意同广大非洲国家携手合作，共建美好未来。

Foreign Minister Yang: We feel privileged and we are seized by a strong sense of responsibility that the African people have chosen China as their partner for sincere cooperation. China is a developing country, and China wants to work with African countries to build a bright future.

要说中国在非洲的影响上升，不如说世界认为非洲面临着巨大发展机遇的共识在上升。我认为国际社会应该共同积极支持非洲的和平发展事业，共同积极支持非洲联合自强和自主解决本地区问题，共同积极支持非洲国家增强自主发展能力，共同积极支持非洲国家在国际事务中维护自身权益发挥更大作用。

Some say that China’s influence in Africa is on the rise. I think we should say that the consensus of the international community that African countries face enormous opportunities for development is on the rise.

I believe the international community should actively support Africa’s peace and development cause, actively support African countries in seeking self-enhancement through unity and independently resolving African issues, actively support African countries in strengthening their own capability for development, and actively support African countries in safeguarding their own rights and interests and playing a bigger role in international affairs.

记者会历时1小时45分钟，500多名中外记者参加。

The press conference lasted an hour and 45 minutes. More than 500 journalists from home and abroad attended the press conference.