与你共读秋日之诗
刘彩娟 供稿
岁月匆匆，一年光景已过四分之三。不知不觉进入十月，秋风渐凉，秋意渐浓。有人说秋天是静谧的，枯黄的落叶或随微风在空中打旋，或静静地躺在大地母亲的怀抱中享受岁月静好。古今中外，秋天得到了无数文人墨客的青睐，在他们笔下秋天更添一份文气。今日，请大家与小编一起，品读英国天才诗人济慈（John Keats）的这首《秋颂》（To Autumn）。
To Autumn
by John Keats
Seasons of mists and mellow fruitfulness,
Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;
Conspiring with him how to load and bless
With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run;
To bend with apples the moss'd cottage-trees,
And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;
To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells
With a sweet kernel; to set budding more,
And still more, later flowers for the bees,
Until they think warm days will never cease,
For summer has o'er-brimm'd their clammy cells.
语言点：
1. mist n. 薄雾，雾霭
e.g. The forests are covered in mist.
森林笼罩在薄雾之中。
固定表达：
lost in the mists of time：if something such as a fact or secret is lost in the mists of time, no one remembers it because it happened so long ago. 指因时间太久被人遗忘。
e.g. Their story may be gradually lost in the mists of time.
可能世人会逐渐遗忘他们的故事。
2. mellow adj.
①（颜色或光线）柔和的
mellow spring colours 怡人的春色
②（声音）悦耳的
mellow sounds 悦耳的声音
③（酒）芳醇的；（水果）成熟香甜的
e.g. These apples are mellow. 这些苹果熟透了
3. bosom friend 挚友，知己
其他表达：bosom buddy/pal
4. conspire v. 密谋（多指不太好的事情）
用法：conspire with somebody to do something
e.g. He admitted conspiring with Steve to rob the bank.
他承认与史蒂夫密谋抢银行。
5. fill… with … 用……填满
形容“布满/遍是”可以用be filled with/ be dotted with/ be teeming with/ be peppered with
e.g. Social networks are filled with such videos.
社交媒体上充斥着这样的视频。
6. kernel n.
① （果实的）仁
e.g. The seed kernels can be roasted and eaten as a snack.
果仁可以当作零食烤着吃。
②（陈述、观点、计划等的）核心，中心，要点
e.g. Misinformation starts with a kernel of truth.
虚假信息往往始于真相的核心。
7. clammy adj. 湿冷的，黏糊糊的
Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?
Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may find
Thee sitting careless on a granary floor,
Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing wind;
Or on a half-reap'd furrow sound asleep,
Drows'd with the fume of poppies, while thy hook
Spares the next swath and all its twined flowers:
And sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keep
Steady thy laden head across a brook;
Or by a cider-press, with patient look,
Thou watchest the last oozings hours by hours.
语言点：
1. granary n. 粮仓
2. winnow v. 扬谷；【文】吹拂，吹动
3. fume n. 烟气
4. gleaner n. 拾穗的人
5. laden adj. 装满的；满载的
be laden with
e.g. The apple trees are laden with fruits
苹果树上硕果累累。
e.g. A photo of a cart laden with fruits and vegetables filled a screen behind him.
他身后的大屏幕上呈现了一张照片，照片里的那辆手推车里装满了水果和蔬菜。
Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are they?
Think not of them, thou hast thy music too,--
While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day,
And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue;
Then in a wailful choir the small gnats mourn
Among the river shallows, borne aloft,
Or sinking as the light wind lives or dies;
And full-grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn;
Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft;
The red-breast whistles from a garden-croft;
And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.
语言点：
1. stubble n. 麦茬
2. hue n. 颜色；色调
e.g. Her paintings capture the subtle hues of the countryside in autumn.
她的画捕捉到乡村秋日的微妙色调。
3. mourn v. 悼念，哀悼
mourn for somebody 哀悼某人
e.g. They mourned for their relatives and friends who had died in a plane crash.
他们在哀悼飞机失事中丧生的亲朋好友。
4. aloft adv. 在高处，在空中
5. bleat v. （养）咩咩叫
拓展：各种动物叫声的英文表达
bark: 狗的叫声
bellow: 牛的吼叫声
buzz: 蜜蜂/蚊子的嗡嗡声
cackle: 母鸡的咯咯声
cheep: 鸟的啁啾声
coo: 鸽子的咕咕声
6. whistle v.
① 吹口哨
e.g. Danny whistles happily on his way home.
丹尼回家路上愉悦地吹着口哨
② 吹哨子
e.g. The referee whistled and the game began.
裁判吹响口哨，比赛正式开始了。
③ 呼啸前进
e.g. The wind whistled through the trees.
大风呼呼穿过树林。
7. croft n. 小农场
天才诗人济慈用浪漫的文字，借助雾气、硕果、葡萄藤蔓、谷仓、麦场、蟋蟀、知更鸟等秋日经典意象为我们描绘了一幅迷人的秋日画卷，将秋色、秋人、秋声融为一体——一切既热烈又安静。诗人写成这首诗时已病体缠身，这幅热烈的秋日图景中蕴含着诗人对生命辉煌的赞叹，而诗中透露的一丝静谧安宁或许也传递了诗人对生命将终的思考。
（封面图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有）