CNN新闻：容易被人工智能取代的职业

常速| CET-6偏难 | 450词 | 2分39秒

刘立军供稿

Part I. QUESTIONS

Listen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.

Q1. What was the significant event involving OpenAI over a year ago?

A. The release of a technology called AI Act.

B. The introduction of a new chat bot named ChatGPT.

C. A revolution in physical automation technologies.

D. The regulation of AI by world governments.

Q2. What aspect of AI is Professor Rob Seamans' study focused on?

A. How AI affects the physical abilities of workers.

B. The implementation of AI in manufacturing settings.

C. The effects of AI on the trunk strength of employees.

D. AI's impact on nearly 800 different jobs and their exposure to AI language modeling.

Q3. Which factor did the study by Professor Seamans NOT consider when assessing job exposure to AI?

A. The human abilities defined by the Department of Labor.

B. The overlap between AI skills and human abilities.

C. The effects of robots and other forms of automation.

D. Inductive and deductive reasoning skills required for jobs.

Q4. According to the study, which type of jobs are most exposed to AI?

A. Blue-collar jobs with low education requirements.

B. White-collar occupations requiring high levels of education.

C. Jobs that involve a great deal of physical activity.

D. Positions in transportation and warehouse settings.

Q5. Based on the text, what can be inferred about the future role of professors concerning AI advancements?

A. They may find AI useful for preparing and delivering lectures.

B. They will rely less on language modeling due to AI advancements.

C. They will be replaced entirely by AI in delivering lectures.

D. Their work will be unaffected by AI language modeling.

Part II. TRANSCRIPT

(Q1) Just over a year ago, a technology startup called OpenAI released an experimental chat bot called ChatGPT. Since then, the world has experienced an artificial intelligence revolution of sorts. This year has seen major tech companies pour billions into the concept while world governments grapple with how to best regulate it. What's clear, though, is that we don't really know how this AI revolution will actually look. And that's particularly clear with its effects on jobs. Earlier this year, CNN spoke to a professor about his study examining how some professions are more threatened by AI than others.

grapple with 努力设法解决

Rapid advancement of AI platforms, such as ChatGPT, has everyone from librarians to judges, to nurses, to criminal investigators asking, how exposed is my job?

“Lots of people are interested in understanding, what types of jobs are going to be affected by AI, what policy responses we might want to think about from a societal point of view.”

(Q2) This is Professor and AI expert Rob Seamans, and he co-authored a paper ranking nearly 800 jobs in their exposure to artificial intelligence, particularly to AI language modeling.

“So I'm not in the top 20, however, I am number 22 on the list.”

The methodology takes 52 human abilities used at various jobs as defined by the Department of Labor, “There could be things like inductive and deductive reasoning, image recognition, language comprehension, and to ones that are much more physical, so trunk strength, arm, hand steadiness, something like that.”, and maps those 52 human abilities to 10 areas where AI most excels. “Things like image generation, image recognition, language modeling, and things like that.”

methodology n. （从事某一活动的）方法，原则

deductive adj. 演绎的；推论的；推理的

The more those AI skills and human abilities overlapped, the more a job was determined to be exposed to AI. (Q3) To focus the study, they did not consider the effects of robots and other automated machines in the research, and that skewed the rankings for some jobs that you might think would be more vulnerable to advances in technology.

overlap v. （物体）部分重叠，交叠

skew v. 影响准确性；歪曲

Workers in a manufacturing setting or maybe transportation and warehouse type settings score very low in an exposure to AI, as opposed to exposure to other types of automation. (Q4) The type of job is that the study found or most exposed to AI — white collar occupations, often with high education requirements and higher pay.

(Q5) “If you look at the top 20 occupations that are most exposed to advances in language modeling, 14 of those top 20 are professors. If you look at the number one thing that a professor does, it's prepare and deliver lectures. And we know that language modeling is really helpful when it comes to preparing content that you might later on then deliver to a classroom.”

Part III. KEY

Q1. B. 细节题。文章提到：“Just over a year ago, a technology startup called OpenAI released an experimental chat bot called ChatGPT.” 意为：“大约一年前，一个名为OpenAI的技术初创公司发布了一个名为ChatGPT的实验性聊天机器人。”因此答案为B。

Q2. D. 细节题。文章提到：“This is Professor and AI expert Rob Seamans, and he co-authored a paper ranking nearly 800 jobs in their exposure to artificial intelligence, particularly to AI language modeling.” 意为：“Rob Seamans教授是AI专家，他合著了一篇论文，对近800个工作岗位与人工智能的接触程度进行排名，特别是与AI语言建模的关系。”因此答案为D。

Q3. C. 细节题。在文章提到：“To focus the study, they did not consider the effects of robots and other automated machines in the research.” 意为：“为了使研究更加集中，他们没有考虑机器人和其他自动化机器的影响。”因此答案为C。

Q4. B. 主旨题。文章提到：“The type of job is that the study found or most exposed to AI — white collar occupations, often with high education requirements and higher pay.”意为：“研究发现，最容易受到AI影响的工作类型是白领职业，这些职业通常要求较高的教育程度，并提供较高的薪酬。” 这概括了研究的主要发现，因此答案为B。

Q5. A. 推理题。文章的最后一段提到：“If you look at the top 20 occupations that are most exposed to advances in language modeling, 14 of those top 20 are professors... And we know that language modeling is really helpful when it comes to preparing content that you might later on then deliver to a classroom.” 意为：“如果你看一下最容易受到语言建模进步影响的前20个职业，这20个职业中有14个是教授……我们知道，语言建模确实非常有用，尤其是准备你可能稍后讲课会用到的内容时。” 可推断出教授们可能会发现AI在备课时很有用，因此答案为A。

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