VOA慢速：美国高校教授阻止学生利用人工智能作弊
刘立军 供稿
TRANSCRIPT
Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) services — such as ChatGPT — have become a major resource for cheating in university. Now, teachers are thinking of new ways to teach classes in order to stop students from cheating with AI. Teachers say they want to use AI to teach and learn in new ways. However, they need to stop students from using the technology on assignments and tests. For some students, that means a return to paper tests instead of online tests. Some teachers will be requiring students to show the editing history and drafts of their work to prove their thought processes. Other teachers, though, think students have always found a way to cheat and AI is just the newest tool.
The recent growth in the number of AI services has raised many questions for educators. They want students to give correct answers but also know how to do the work to get to those answers. Educators say there is agreement at least on some of the most pressing challenges they face with AI use. They say it is difficult to identify AI-created schoolwork. They say sometimes students are accused of using AI to cheat when they did not. In some cases, the cheating is clear to see, said Timothy Main, a writing professor at Conestoga College in Canada. He told the Associated Press, “I had answers come in that said, ‘I am just an AI language model, I don’t have an opinion on that.’” Last semester, Main’s writing class had 57 academic honesty cases. Half of them involved use of AI to cheat. This fall, Main and his fellow professors are changing the rules for the writing course. The teachers will ask students to write more about their opinions. They also put in place strong rules against using AI.
College administrators have asked teachers to make the rules more clear. Many universities are letting their professors decide the rules about using AI on their own. At Michigan State University, professors are given several options of statements to choose from, administrator Bill Hart-Davidson told the AP. “Asking students questions like, ‘Tell me in three sentences what is the Krebs cycle in chemistry?’ That’s not going to work anymore, because ChatGPT will spit out a perfectly fine answer to that question,” Hart-Davidson said. He thinks professors should word their questions differently. Evidence is growing that AI services have changed how students study and find information. Chegg Inc. is an online company that helps students with schoolwork. Its services have been identified in many cheating cases. On May 1, the company’s leader warned that ChatGPT was hurting the business’s growth. He said students who were paying for help from Chegg were now using ChatGPT for free instead. The day after he spoke, the company’s market value fell by almost 50 percent.
Bonnie MacKellar, a computer science professor at St. John’s University in New York City, thinks that there is going to be a move back to paper tests. Her class already had a “plagiarism problem” she said, and she worries that new students may not learn the skills needed for more difficult classes. Ronan Takizawa, a sophomore at Colorado College, has never had a computer science exam on paper. He agrees that it would make sure students learn the material. However, Takizawa thinks that students are still not sure when it is alright to use AI and when such use is cheating. Other students say ChatGPT has made them afraid about being unjustly accused of cheating. Arizona State University sophomore Nathan LeVang says he checks all his assignments with a tool that helps identify AI material. “If it takes me 10 minutes after I write my essay to make sure everything checks out, that’s fine,” Levang told the AP, adding, “It’s extra work, but I think that’s the reality we live in.”
I’m Dominic Varela. And I’m Caty Weaver.
VOCABULARY
1. assignment n. a task or piece of work that sb. is given to do, usually as part of their job or studies （分派的）工作，任务。例如：You will need to complete three written assignments per semester. 你每学期要完成三份书面作业。
2. administrator n. a person whose job is to manage and organize the public or business affairs of a company or an institution （公司、机构的）管理人员，行政人员。例如：a hospital administrator 医院管理人员
3. plagiarism n. the practice of using or copying someone else’s idea or work and pretending that you thought of it or created it 抄袭；剽窃。例如：a text full of plagiarisms 满篇剽窃他人著作的文章
QUESTIONS
Listen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1. What is one method teachers are considering to prevent students from using AI to cheat?
A) Banning all technology in the classroom.
B) Requiring students to show their editing history and drafts.
C) Cancelling all assignments and tests.
D) Regularly changing the university’s wifi password.
2. What challenges do educators face with AI use, according to the passage?
A) Finding a way to completely ban AI in schools.
B) Identifying if schoolwork was done by AI or not.
C) Convincing parents about the dangers of AI.
D) Developing AI technology themselves.
3. What is Timothy Main’s suggestion to prevent AI cheating in the writing course?
A) Asking students to write more about their opinions.
B) Giving tests only on paper.
C) Using plagiarism checking software.
D) Banning all online resources.
4. Why did Chegg Inc.’s value fall almost 50 percent?
A) Because the company was accused of employing AI for cheating.
B) Due to a warning given out by the company’s leader about ChatGPT.
C) Because the company was taken over by another corporation.
D) As a result of a global economic recession.
5. What does Nathan LeVang do to ensure his work doesn’t appear as AI-generated?
A) He uses no technology at all.
B) He asks his teachers to check his work.
C) He checks his assignments with a tool that detects AI material.
D) He manually writes all his assignments.
KEY
1. What is one method teachers are considering to prevent students from using AI to cheat?
A) Banning all technology in the classroom.
B) Requiring students to show their editing history and drafts.
C) Cancelling all assignments and tests.
D) Regularly changing the university’s wifi password.
【答案】B
【解析】细节题。命题出处在第一段中的“Some teachers will be requiring students to show the editing history and drafts of their work to prove their thought processes.” 根据这句话，我们知道教师正在考虑要求学生展示他们的修改过程和草稿，以防止他们使用AI作弊。
2. What challenges do educators face with AI use, according to the passage?
A) Finding a way to completely ban AI in schools.
B) Identifying if schoolwork was done by AI or not.
C) Convincing parents about the dangers of AI.
D) Developing AI technology themselves.
【答案】B
【解析】推理题。命题出处在第二段中的“They say it is difficult to identify AI-created schoolwork.” 根据这句话，我们可以推断出教育工作者面临的挑战是分辨学生的作业是否由AI完成。
3. What is Timothy Main’s suggestion to prevent AI cheating in the writing course?
A) Asking students to write more about their opinions.
B) Giving tests only on paper.
C) Using plagiarism checking software.
D) Banning all online resources.
【答案】A
【解析】细节题。命题出处在第二段中的“The teachers will ask students to write more about their opinions.” 根据这句话，我们知道Timothy Main建议，为了防止学生利用AI作弊，应让学生更多地阐述他们的观点。
4. Why did Chegg Inc.’s value fall almost 50 percent?
A) Because the company was accused of employing AI for cheating.
B) Due to the fact that students are using ChatGPT for free.
C) Because the company was taken over by another corporation.
D) As a result of a global economic recession.
【答案】B
【解析】细节题。命题出处在第三段中的“He said students who were paying for help from Chegg were now using ChatGPT for free instead.”根据这句话，我们知道Chegg Inc.的价值下跌近50%是由于曾经的学生用户转而使用ChatGPT。
5. What does Nathan LeVang do to ensure his work doesn’t appear as AI-generated?
A) He uses no technology at all.
B) He asks his teachers to check his work.
C) He checks his assignments with a tool that detects AI material.
D) He manually writes all his assignments.
【答案】C
【解析】细节题。命题出处在最后一段中的“Nathan LeVang says he checks all his assignments with a tool that helps identify AI material.”根据这句话，我们知道Nathan LeVang利用一个工具检查他的所有作业，以确保它们不像是AI生成的。
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