谭德塞2023年世界无烟日致辞
Message from WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on World No Tobacco Day 2023
刘立军 供稿
u TRANSCRIPT
Tobacco is responsible for 8 million deaths a year, yet governments across the world spend millions supporting tobacco farms. People around the world are going hungry while 3 million hectares of our planet are used to grow tobacco. It’s time to redirect our efforts towards agriculture that nourishes our bodies and our environment. On World No Tobacco Day 2023, we are calling on countries to end subsidies for tobacco farming and to shift to sustainable crops. WHO is proud to be working with the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Food Program to support farmers to switch crops. By choosing to grow food instead of tobacco, we prioritize health, preserve ecosystems and strengthen food security for all.
u VOCABULARY
1. subsidy n. money that is paid by a government or an organization to reduce the costs of services or of producing goods so that their prices can be kept low 补贴；补助金；津贴。例如：agricultural subsidies 农业补贴
2. sustainable adj. involving the use of natural products and energy in a way that does not harm the environment （对自然资源和能源的利用）不破坏生态平衡的，合理利用的。例如：sustainable forest management 可持续的的森林管理
3. prioritize v. to treat sth. as being more important than other things 优先处理。例如：The organization was formed to prioritize the needs of older people. 这个机构是为优先满足老年人的需要而成立的。
4. ecosystem n. all the plants and living creatures in a particular area considered in relation to their physical environment 生态系统
uQUESTIONS
Listen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1. What is the purpose of World No Tobacco Day 2023?
A. To promote tobacco farming in sustainable ways.
B. To encourage farmers to switch from tobacco to other crops.
C. To support governments in providing subsidies for tobacco farming.
D. To advocate for the health benefits of smoking.
2. What is the impact of tobacco farming on the environment and food security?
A. It improves the quality of soil for growing crops.
B. It contributes to ecosystem preservation and food security.
C. It wastes a large amount of land while people are starving.
D. It reduces the use of pesticides in agriculture.
3. What is WHO's stance on tobacco farming and sustainable agriculture?
A. It opposes all forms of agriculture that harm the environment.
B. It believes that tobacco farming should be encouraged in developing countries.
C. It is calling for an end to subsidies for tobacco farming and a shift to sustainable crops.
D. It is mainly focused on promoting smoking cessation programs.
u KEY
1. What is the purpose of World No Tobacco Day 2023?
A. To promote tobacco farming in sustainable ways.
B. To encourage farmers to switch from tobacco to other crops.
C. To support governments in providing subsidies for tobacco farming.
D. To advocate for the health benefits of smoking.
【答案】B. To encourage farmers to switch from tobacco to other crops.
【解析】细节题。命题出处：It’s time to redirect our efforts towards agriculture that nourishes our bodies and our environment. 在World No Tobacco Day 2023，世界卫生组织呼吁各国停止对烟草种植的补贴，并转向可持续种植其他作物。因此，答案为：“鼓励农民将种植烟草改为种植其他作物。”
2. What is the impact of tobacco farming on the environment and food security?
A. It improves the quality of soil for growing crops.
B. It contributes to ecosystem preservation and food security.
C. It wastes a large amount of land while people are starving.
D. It reduces the use of pesticides in agriculture.
【答案】C. It wastes a large amount of land while people are starving.
【解析】细节题。命题出处：People around the world are going hungry while 3 million hectares of our planet are used to grow tobacco. 文章提到，全球有300万公顷土地用于种植烟草，而许多人正在挨饿。因此，答案为：“种植烟草浪费了大量土地，而人们却在挨饿。”
3. What is WHO's stance on tobacco farming and sustainable agriculture?
A. It opposes all forms of agriculture that harm the environment.
B. It believes that tobacco farming should be encouraged in developing countries.
C. It is mainly focused on promoting smoking cessation programs.
D. It is calling for an end to subsidies for tobacco farming and a shift to sustainable crops.
【答案】D. It is calling for an end to subsidies for tobacco farming and a shift to sustainable crops.
【解析】推理题。命题出处：It’s time to redirect our efforts towards agriculture that nourishes our bodies and our environment. On World No Tobacco Day 2023, we are calling on countries to end subsidies for tobacco farming and to shift to sustainable crops. WHO呼吁各国停止对烟草种植的补贴，并转向可持续种植其他作物。因此，答案为：“呼吁结束对烟草种植的补贴，转向可持续作物。”
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