百年新征程——科技发展图自强
China's century goal to be a "global scientific power"
刘立军 供稿
TRANSCRIPT
I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn and here's what I'm watching:
China's overarching national goals to become an "innovative nation" by 2020, to be in the "front ranks" of innovative countries by 2035, and a "global scientific power" by 2050.
China has achieved the first goal - for example, the number of patents filed by Chinese entities now leads the world though quality, while improving, still lags.
But now, in light of disrupting international conditions, led by U.S. sanctions and pressures to decouple science and technology, China has a laser focus on self-reliance in science and technology.
In formulating the "14th Five-Year Plan," 2021-2025, and in setting a long-range 15-year plan to 2035 - both formalized by the National People's Congress during the 2021 Two Sessions - the CPC, in its 5th Plenum in October 2020, established a "new development stage," developing a "new development philosophy” and applying a “new development paradigm."
Clearly, these new development stage, philosophy and paradigm demand that scientific and technological innovation be top priority in order to create new development momentum by accelerating key core technology capabilities and research.
The 14th Five-year Plan emphasizes artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, integrated circuit design and manufacturing (semiconductor chips), quantum computing, life sciences and biotechnology (especially brain sciences), and new materials.
Technological applications emphasize the digital economy, 5G, intelligent manufacturing, healthcare, alternative energy and new energy vehicles, and space and sea sciences, among others.
Chinese experts cite three ways how China's national development over the next five years must stress technological independence and self-reliance.
First: increase the proportion of original innovation, especially basic research. Currently, the proportion of China's basic research investment of its total R&D investment is below 6%, which is far lower than the 18% in the U.S. and 25% in France.
Second: continue intelligent industrial upgrading and transformation, transitioning from "following" to "parallel running" or even to "leading" in some high-tech fields.
Third: prepare for de-globalization and uncoupling of scientific and technological cooperation and supply chains; indigenous innovation must alleviate bottlenecks and make up for shortcomings, particularly in semiconductor chips. China plans to spend $1.4 trillion during the next five years in emerging new technologies: AI, 5G, chips, data centers, and quantum computing.
But there are challenges: When huge funds are allocated by government and time-periods are demanded to be short, it is all too easy for resources to be misallocated to well-connected but poorly equipped enterprises, causing inefficiencies, waste, distraction and disappointment.
In response, the government is tightening peer-review procedures and engaging the private sector. One lens through which to view China's science and technology is that of the New Development Concepts, which fit the new development stage and drive the 14th Five-year Plan.
I'm keeping watch. I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn.
VOCABULARY
1. overarching adj. （常用于名词前）(formal) very important, because it includes or influences many things 非常重要的；首要的。
2. patent n. an official right to be the only person to make, use or sell a product or an invention; a document that proves this 专利权；专利证书。例如：to apply for/obtain a patent on an invention 申请 / 获得发明专利权
3. lag v. to move or develop slowly or more slowly than other people, organizations, etc. 滞后；落后于。例如：We still lag far behind many of our competitors in using modern technology. 我们在运用现代技术方面仍然远远落后于我们的许多竞争对手。
4. disrupt v. to make it difficult for sth. to continue in the normal way 扰乱。例如：Demonstrators succeeded in disrupting the meeting. 示威者成功地扰乱了会议。
5. sanction n. an official order that limits trade, contact, etc. with a particular country, in order to make it do sth., such as obeying international law 制裁。例如：The economic sanctions have been lifted. 经济制裁已被取消。
6. decouple n. (formal) to end the connection or relationship between two things （使两事物）分离，隔断。
7. plenum n. a meeting attended by all the members of a committee, etc.; a plenary meeting （委员会等的）全体会议，全会
8. paradigm n. a typical example or pattern of sth. 典范。例如：a paradigm for students to copy 供学生效法的榜样
9. quantum computing量子计算
10. indigenous adj. (formal) belonging to a particular place rather than coming to it from somewhere else 本地的；当地的；土生土长的
11. alleviate v. to make sth. less severe 减轻；缓和；缓解
QUESTIONS
Read the passage. Then listen to the news and fill in the blanks with the information (words, phrases or sentences) you hear.
I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn and here's what I'm watching:
China's overarching national goals to become an "(Q1) ________________" by 2020, to be in the "front ranks" of innovative countries by 2035, and a "global scientific power" by 2050.
China has achieved the first goal - for example, the number of (Q2) __________ filed by Chinese entities now leads the world though quality, while improving, still lags.
But now, in light of disrupting international conditions, led by U.S. (Q3) ______________ to decouple science and technology, China has a laser focus on self-reliance in science and technology.
In formulating the "14th Five-Year Plan," 2021-2025, and in setting a long-range 15-year plan to 2035 - both formalized by the National People's Congress during the 2021 Two Sessions - the CPC, in its 5th Plenum in October 2020, established a "(Q4) _____________________," developing a "new development philosophy” and applying a “new development paradigm."
Clearly, these new development stage, philosophy and paradigm demand that scientific and technological innovation be top priority in order to create new development momentum by accelerating key core technology capabilities and research.
The 14th Five-year Plan emphasizes artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, integrated circuit design and manufacturing (semiconductor chips), quantum computing, life sciences and biotechnology (especially brain sciences), and new materials.
Technological applications emphasize the (Q5) ______________, 5G, intelligent manufacturing, healthcare, alternative energy and new energy vehicles, and space and sea sciences, among others.
Chinese experts cite three ways how China's national development over the next five years must stress technological independence and self-reliance.
First: increase the proportion of (Q6) ___________________, especially basic research. Currently, the proportion of China's basic research investment of its total R&D investment is below 6%, which is far lower than the 18% in the U.S. and 25% in France.
Second: continue intelligent industrial (Q7) ______________________, transitioning from "following" to "parallel running" or even to "leading" in some high-tech fields.
Third: prepare for de-globalization and uncoupling of scientific and technological cooperation and supply chains; indigenous innovation must alleviate bottlenecks and make up for shortcomings, particularly in (Q8) _______________. China plans to spend $1.4 trillion during the next five years in emerging new technologies: AI, 5G, chips, data centers, and quantum computing.
But there are challenges: When huge funds are allocated by government and time-periods are demanded to be short, it is all too easy for resources to be misallocated to well-connected but poorly equipped enterprises, causing inefficiencies, waste, (Q9) _______________.
In response, the government is tightening (Q10) _________________ procedures and engaging the private sector. One lens through which to view China's science and technology is that of the New Development Concepts, which fit the new development stage and drive the 14th Five-year Plan.
I'm keeping watch. I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn.
KEY
Read the passage. Then listen to the news and fill in the blanks with the information (words, phrases or sentences) you hear.
I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn and here's what I'm watching:
China's overarching national goals to become an "(Q1) innovative nation" by 2020, to be in the "front ranks" of innovative countries by 2035, and a "global scientific power" by 2050.
China has achieved the first goal - for example, the number of (Q2) patents filed by Chinese entities now leads the world though quality, while improving, still lags.
But now, in light of disrupting international conditions, led by U.S. (Q3) sanctions and pressures to decouple science and technology, China has a laser focus on self-reliance in science and technology.
In formulating the "14th Five-Year Plan," 2021-2025, and in setting a long-range 15-year plan to 2035 - both formalized by the National People's Congress during the 2021 Two Sessions - the CPC, in its 5th Plenum in October 2020, established a "(Q4) new development stage," developing a "new development philosophy” and applying a “new development paradigm."
Clearly, these new development stage, philosophy and paradigm demand that scientific and technological innovation be top priority in order to create new development momentum by accelerating key core technology capabilities and research.
The 14th Five-year Plan emphasizes artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, integrated circuit design and manufacturing (semiconductor chips), quantum computing, life sciences and biotechnology (especially brain sciences), and new materials.
Technological applications emphasize the (Q5) digital economy, 5G, intelligent manufacturing, healthcare, alternative energy and new energy vehicles, and space and sea sciences, among others.
Chinese experts cite three ways how China's national development over the next five years must stress technological independence and self-reliance.
First: increase the proportion of (Q6) original innovation, especially basic research. Currently, the proportion of China's basic research investment of its total R&D investment is below 6%, which is far lower than the 18% in the U.S. and 25% in France.
Second: continue intelligent industrial (Q7) upgrading and transformation, transitioning from "following" to "parallel running" or even to "leading" in some high-tech fields.
Third: prepare for de-globalization and uncoupling of scientific and technological cooperation and supply chains; indigenous innovation must alleviate bottlenecks and make up for shortcomings, particularly in (Q8) semiconductor chips. China plans to spend $1.4 trillion during the next five years in emerging new technologies: AI, 5G, chips, data centers, and quantum computing.
But there are challenges: When huge funds are allocated by government and time-periods are demanded to be short, it is all too easy for resources to be misallocated to well-connected but poorly equipped enterprises, causing inefficiencies, waste, (Q9) distraction and disappointment.
In response, the government is tightening (Q10) peer-review procedures and engaging the private sector. One lens through which to view China's science and technology is that of the New Development Concepts, which fit the new development stage and drive the 14th Five-year Plan.
I'm keeping watch. I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn.
改编自 CGTN
(封面图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有）