Biden’s Plan to Fight the Coronavirus
拜登提出抗击新冠疫情方案
By Jonathan Evans
U.S. President Joe Biden signed 10 executive orders Thursday as part of his plan to fight the coronavirus.
美国总统拜登周四签署了10项行政命令，这是他对抗新冠病毒计划的一部分。
Biden will establish a COVID-19 testing board to increase testing, deal with supply shortages, establish rules for international travelers and direct resources to hard-hit minority communities.
拜登将设立一个新冠肺炎检测委员会，以提高检测、应对供应短缺、制定针对国际旅行者的规定并向受疫情影响严重的少数族裔社区提供资源。
The new president has promised to take more forceful measures to contain the virus than the Donald Trump administration. He faces major barriers, with the virus actively spreading in most states. Vaccinations have been slow in many places.
这位新总统已经承诺采取比川普政府更为有力的措施遏制病毒。他面临各种重大障碍，该病毒在大多数州传播很活跃。许多地方的疫苗接种速度迟缓。
It is also unclear whether congressional Republicans will help him pass a $1.9-trillion economic relief and COVID response bill.
另外也不清楚国会共和党人是否会帮助他通过一项1.9万亿美元的经济救助和新冠病毒应对法案。
"We need to ask average Americans to do their part," said Jeff Zients, the White House official directing the national response. "Defeating the virus requires a coordinated nationwide effort."
领导全国应对病毒的白宫官员杰夫·齐恩茨表示：“我们需要请美国普通民众做出自己的贡献。击败病毒需要全国范围的协调努力。”
Officials in the Biden administration say they were delayed by a lack of cooperation from the Trump administration during the change in presidency. They say they do not have a complete understanding of past actions on vaccine distribution. And they face accusations from states that say they are not getting enough vaccine even as they are being asked to vaccinate more people.
拜登政府官员表示，川普政府在总统职位更替期间缺乏合作导致他们被耽误了。他们称对之前的疫苗分发行动缺乏全面了解。并且他们面临来自各州的指责，各州称没有得到足够多的疫苗，即便是在要求他们给更多人接种疫苗的时候。
Dr. Anthony Fauci is Biden's top medical adviser on COVID-19. He announced renewed U.S. support for the World Health Organization after the Trump administration left the United Nations health agency.
福奇博士是拜登政府在新冠病毒方面的顶级医学顾问。在川普政府退出世卫组织之后，他宣布美国将重新对这家联合国机构提供支持。
Fauci said early Thursday that the U.S. will join the WHO's efforts to bring vaccines and treatments to people in need, whether in rich or poor countries. He added that the U.S. will again provide full financial and other support for the organization.
福奇周四早些时候表示，美国将与世卫组织一起努力，为更多有需要的人士提供疫苗和治疗，无论他们在富有还是贫穷的国家。他还表示，美国将再次为世卫组织提供全面的财政和其它支持。
A new face mask requirement for travel in the U.S. will apply to airports and airplanes, ships, city buses, trains and public transportation. Biden has also required masks on federal property.
美国出行戴口罩的新规定将适用于机场和飞机、轮船、城市公交、火车和公共交通。拜登还要求在联邦财产（建筑和土地）上戴口罩。
Travelers from overseas must provide a negative COVID-19 test before leaving for the United States and quarantine after arrival.
海外旅行者在前往美国之前必须提供新冠病毒阴性证明，并在抵达后进行隔离。
Biden also is seeking to expand testing and vaccine availability, with the goal of giving 100 million shots in his first 100 days in office.
拜登还要求扩大检测范围和疫苗供应，目标是在上任百日内接种1亿剂疫苗。
Biden has directed the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to begin setting up vaccination centers. The aim is to have 100 centers open in a month. Biden is also ordering the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to begin a program to make vaccines available through local drugstores starting next month. And he is directing the Public Health Service to assist with vaccinations in some areas.
拜登已经指示联邦紧急事务管理局开始建立疫苗接种中心。目标是在一个月内开放100个接种中心。拜登还下令美国疾病控制与预防中心开始一项计划，从下个月起通过当地药店出售疫苗。他还指示公共卫生服务部门在某些地区协助疫苗接种。
There is also support for states. Biden is ordering FEMA to pay back states for the full cost of using their National Guards to set up vaccination centers. That includes the use of supplies and protective equipment as well as workers.
方案还包括向各州提供支持。拜登下令联邦紧急事务管理局承担各州使用国民警卫队建立疫苗接种中心的全部费用。这其中包括使用物资储备、防护用品以及工人。
Some independent experts say the new administration should set a higher goal for itself than 100 million shots. Dr. Christopher Murray is with the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in Seattle, Washington. He said that during flu season, the country is able to vaccinate about 3 million people in a day.
一些独立专家表示，新政府应该为自己设立更高的目标，而不仅仅是接种1亿剂疫苗。克里斯托弗·穆雷博士就职于华盛顿州西雅图市卫生计量与评估研究所。他表示在流感季节，美国每天可以为约300万人接种疫苗。
"Given the number of people dying from COVID, we could and should do more — like what we're able to do on seasonal flu," Murray said.
穆雷表示：“考虑到新冠肺炎死亡人数，我们可以、而且应该做更多事情，就像我们能够应对季节性流感一样。”
Biden has also set a goal of having most lower-level schools reopen in his first 100 days. He is ordering the departments of Education and Health and Human Services to provide clear guidance for reopening schools safely.
拜登还设立了一个目标，即在上任百日内重新开放大多数低年级学校。他命令教育、卫生和公共服务部门为学校重新安全开放提供明确指导。
But administration officials say that reopening schools safely depends on increased testing.
但是政府官员表示，安全地重新开放学校取决于提高检测。
"We do not have nearly enough testing capacity in this country," Jeff Zients said. "We need the money in order to really ramp up testing, which is so important to reopen schools and businesses."
齐恩茨表示：“我们国家没有足够的检测能力。我们需要资金才能真正提高检测，这对于重新开放学校和企业来说至关重要。”
Efforts to reopen the economy will depend on how quickly lawmakers act on the $1.9 trillion bill proposed by Biden. The bill includes separate measures such as $1,400 in direct payments to people and a $15 minimum wage. There is also a measure to provide aid to state and local governments. Some Republican lawmakers see the measure as unnecessary for dealing with the health crisis.
重新开放经济的措施将取决于国会议员对拜登提出的1.9万亿美元法案采取的行动有多快。该法案包括单独措施，例如直接向人们发放1400美元补贴，以及最低工资达到15美元。法案还包括一项向州和地方政府提供援助的措施。一些共和党议员认为该措施对于应对这次健康危机来说是不必要的。
The Biden plan estimates that a national vaccination plan with increased testing requires $160 billion. The new president wants another $170 billion to help in the reopening of schools and universities. The proposal also calls for major investment in scientific research to track new forms of the virus. Experts are concerned that some mutations may spread more easily and also prove harder to treat.
拜登的计划估计全国接种疫苗和提高检测需要耗资1600亿美元。这位新总统还希望另外提供1700亿美元帮助学校和大学重新开放。该提案还呼吁加大对科学研究的投资，以追踪病毒变种。专家担心，某些病毒变种可能更容易传播，也更难以治疗。
I'm Jonathan Evans.