Kazuo Ishiguro, the Japanese-born British novelist, has won the 2017 Nobel Prize in Lliterature, announced the Swedish Academy on October 5th.

本月5日，瑞典学院宣布了2017年的诺贝尔文学奖得主，日裔英国籍作家石黑一雄摘得桂冠。

Kazuo Ishiguro best known for his novel, The Remains of the Day (1989), the academy praised him as a writer “who, in novels of great emotional force, has uncovered the abyss beneath our illusory sense of connection with the world.”

石黑一雄以1989年出版的《长日将尽》而闻名于世，诺奖评委在颁奖词中对其称赞道：“石黑一雄的小说，以其巨大的情感力量，发掘了隐藏在我们与世界联系的幻觉之下的深渊。”

“If you mix Jane Austen and Kafka, you have Ishiguro — but you have to add a little bit of Marcel Proust into the mix, and then you stir, but not too much, and then you have his writings. He’s developed an aesthetic universe all his own. He is exploring what you have to forget in order to survive in the first place as an individual or as a society.” Sara Danius, the academy’s permanent secretary, said immediately after the announcement.

在颁奖结果宣布后不久，瑞典学院常务秘书莎拉·达纽斯向媒体表示：“石黑一雄的作品就像是奥斯汀和卡夫卡的混合体，但是你还得加进去一点普鲁斯特，然后再稍稍搅拌一下，这才能看到他的风格。石黑一雄开拓了属于他自己的审美世界。他在探索你为了作为个人或社会而活下去所不得不遗忘的一切。”

The award marks a return to a more traditional literary author. Last year, the prize was awarded to American musician Bob Dylan, a surprising decision that sparked criticism from some quarters. In 2015, the Belarusan investigative journalist Svetlana Alexievich won the prize. Ishiguro, by contrast, is a much-admired writer who sits comfortably alongside such previous winners as Toni Morrison and Alice Munro.

石黑一雄的获奖也标志着诺贝尔文学奖重新回到了对传统作家的青睐上。去年，文学奖被意外授予给美国音乐人鲍勃·迪伦，震惊文学界的同时也引来了不少的争议。2015年的文学奖则被白俄罗斯记者斯韦特兰娜·阿列克谢耶维奇摘走。相比之下，石黑一雄在文学界早有盛名，与前任得主如托尼·莫里森和爱丽丝·门罗齐名。

Ishiguro was born in Nagasaki in 1954 and then moved to England with his family in 1960. He earned a master’s degree in 1980 and became a British citizen in 1982, the year he published his first novel, A Pale View of Hills, the background of which is set in Nagasaki after the atomic bombing.

石黑一雄于1954年出生于日本长崎。1960年，石黑一家随海洋学家的父亲来到英国定居。石黑一雄在1980年获得硕士学位，1982年取得英国国籍，同年出版了他的首部小说《远山淡影》，故事背景便设置在二战原子弹爆炸后的日本长崎。

His work is marked by a pervasive sense of painful loneliness. Joyce Carol Oates has called Ishiguro “one of our most eloquent poets of loss.” Reviewing his latest novel, The Buried Giant, the former Book World editor Marie Arana wrote, “His sensibility is neither Japanese nor English; it stands apart from any one culture. If these books have anything in common, it is that an unspoken secret is entombed at each core — an elusive truth that is inferred, but that no one quite understands or can fully articulate.”

石黑的作品常常弥漫着一种痛苦的孤独感。乔伊斯·卡罗尔·欧茨曾评价石黑一雄是“一名动人的咏叹过去的诗人”。对于他最新出版的小说《被掩埋的巨人》，前《图书世界》杂志主编玛丽·阿拉纳曾经写到，“石黑一雄的文化特质既不是日本也不是英国的，而是独立于任何一种文化之外的属性。如果他的小说之间有什么共性的话，那就是每部小说的核心中都埋藏着未被诉说的秘密——暗藏的真相影影绰绰，但却没有人能完全理解或直接复述出来。”

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was firstly announced in 2017. On October 2nd, this prize was jointly awarded to three American scientists, Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael W. Young for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm.

诺贝尔生理学或医学奖是2017年诺奖季第一个公布的奖项。10月2日，该奖项宣布，由三位美国科学家：杰弗理·霍尔、迈克尔·罗斯巴殊和迈克尔·杨共同获得，以表彰他们发现了控制昼夜节律的分子机制。

The following day witnessed another three American scientists’ winning the Nobel Prize in Physics. They are Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish and Kip S. Thorne. The academy awards them “for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves”.

随后一天又有三位美国科学家获得了诺贝尔物理学奖的殊荣。他们是雷纳·韦斯、巴里·巴里什和基普·S·索恩。组委会对他们的赞词是“在LIGO探测器和引力波观测方面作出了杰出贡献”。

On October 4th, the day before Ishiguro won the Nobel Prize in Literature, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences decided to award the 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Jacques Dubochet from University of Lausanne, Switzerland, Joachim Frank from Columbia University, USA and Richard Henderson from MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK, for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution.

在石黑一雄获得诺贝尔文学奖的前一天，瑞典皇家学院将2017诺贝尔化学奖颁给了三位科学家，分别是瑞士洛桑大学的雅克·杜波切特、美国哥伦比亚大学的阿希姆·弗兰克和英国剑桥大学MRC分子生物实验室的理查德·亨德森，奖励他们发展了冷冻电子显微镜技术，并以很高的分辨率确定了溶液里的生物分子的结构。

The Nobel Peace Prize was again awarded to an organization, The International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN), “for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its ground-breaking efforts to achieve a treaty-based prohibition of such weapons.”

今年的诺贝尔和平奖再次颁发给了一个组织——国际废除核武器运动（ICAN），因为“它致力于让人们了解到动用任何核武将会导致的灾难性后果，以及它在致力于禁止核武方面取得的开创性成果”。

The 2017 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to Richard H. Thaler from University of Chicago, USA, for his contributions to behavioral economics.

2017最后颁发的诺贝尔经济学奖花落美国芝加哥大学的理查德·塞勒，以表彰他在行为经济学方面的贡献。