练习 | 科学美国人60秒：口腔快速愈合带来的启示
燕山大学 刘立军 编写TRANSCRIPTThis is Scientific American - 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.When you burn your tongue or cut your cheek, the pain can be intense. But the wound heals pretty quickly, compared to injuries elsewhere.That's because all the factors needed to repair a wound are ready to jump into action in oral tissue - and a new study shows that proteins called transcription factors, which control all those healing elements, are present at greater levels in the mouth.You can think of those controlling proteins as theater directors...and the healing factors as the actors, waiting in the wings. "They are ready to go, right on the sidelines, in the oral epithelia, so the director says come ahead and then they are just right onstage." Maria Morasso, a senior investigator at the National Institutes of Health.She says that's not the case in regular skin tissue. "They have the capability of coming on stage. But they're nowhere close, so you have to go through that step of getting them in the stage to be able to go ahead with that function."Which delays healing. "It might be difficult to have the play finish on time and according to the script." The study is in the journal Science Translational Medicine.Morasso and her colleagues also tested this idea by genetically engineering mice to have more of those factors, the 'directors', in their regular skin tissue - and sure enough, those mice had significantly faster skin wound healing than did control mice.But we can't genetically engineer humans. Instead, Morasso says, if we can learn more about who the healing 'actors' are... and perhaps we can find targeted ways of sending those individuals onstage... to deliver a better performance for patients.Thanks for listening for Scientific American - 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.Adapted from http://www.kekenet.com/broadcast/201902/577672.shtmlVOCABULARY1. protein n. (可数名词, 不可数名词) a natural substance found in meat, eggs, fish, some vegetables, etc. There are many different proteins and they are an essential part of what humans and animals eat to help them grow and stay healthy. 蛋白质。例如：essential proteins and vitamins 必不可少的蛋白质和维生素protein deficiency蛋白质缺乏Peas, beans and lentils are a good source of vegetable protein. 豌豆、豆荚和扁豆是植物蛋白质的大好来源。2. transcription n. (可数名词) a change in the written form of a piece of music so that it can be played on a different instrument or sung by a different voice （乐曲的）改编3. epithelium n. 上皮，上皮细胞 (复数) epitheliaQUESTIONSRead the passage. Then listen to the news and fill in the blanks with the information (words, phrases or sentences) you hear.This is Scientific American - 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.When you burn your (Q1) _________________ or cut your cheek, the pain can be intense. But the wound heals pretty quickly, compared to (Q2) _____________________ elsewhere.That's because all the factors needed to repair a wound are ready to jump into action in (Q3) _________________ - and a new study shows that (Q4) __________________ called transcription factors, which control all those healing elements, are present at greater levels in the mouth.You can think of those controlling proteins as (Q5) ______________________...and the healing factors as the actors, waiting in the wings. "They are ready to go, right on the sidelines, in the oral epithelia, so the director says come ahead and then they are just right onstage." Maria Morasso, a senior (Q6) ________________________ at the National Institutes of Health.She says that's not the case in (Q7) ______________________. "They have the capability of coming on stage. But they're nowhere close, so you have to go through that step of getting them in the stage to be able to go ahead with that function." Which delays healing. "It might be difficult to have the play finish on time and according to the script." The study is in the journal Science Translational Medicine.Morasso and her colleagues also tested this idea by (Q8) _______________________ to have more of those factors, the 'directors', in their regular skin tissue - and sure enough, those mice had significantly faster skin wound healing than did (Q9) __________________________.But we can't genetically engineer humans. Instead, Morasso says, if we can learn more about who the healing 'actors' are... and perhaps we can find targeted ways of sending those individuals onstage... to deliver a better performance for (Q10) ____________________.Thanks for listening for Scientific American - 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.KEYRead the passage. Then listen to the news and fill in the blanks with the information (words, phrases or sentences) you hear.This is Scientific American - 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.When you burn your (Q1) tongue or cut your cheek, the pain can be intense. But the wound heals pretty quickly, compared to (Q2) injuries elsewhere.That's because all the factors needed to repair a wound are ready to jump into action in (Q3) oral tissue - and a new study shows that (Q4) proteins called transcription factors, which control all those healing elements, are present at greater levels in the mouth.You can think of those controlling proteins as (Q5) theater directors...and the healing factors as the actors, waiting in the wings. "They are ready to go, right on the sidelines, in the oral epithelia, so the director says come ahead and then they are just right onstage." Maria Morasso, a senior (Q6) investigator at the National Institutes of Health.She says that's not the case in (Q7) regular skin tissue. "They have the capability of coming on stage. But they're nowhere close, so you have to go through that step of getting them in the stage to be able to go ahead with that function." Which delays healing. "It might be difficult to have the play finish on time and according to the script." The study is in the journal Science Translational Medicine.Morasso and her colleagues also tested this idea by (Q8) genetically engineering mice to have more of those factors, the 'directors', in their regular skin tissue - and sure enough, those mice had significantly faster skin wound healing than did (Q9) control mice.But we can't genetically engineer humans. Instead, Morasso says, if we can learn more about who the healing 'actors' are... and perhaps we can find targeted ways of sending those individuals onstage... to deliver a better performance for (Q10) patients.Thanks for listening for Scientific American - 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.