全新版大学英语视听说教程2

《全新版大学英语视听说教程》共四册，每册八单元，突出视听说技能、演讲技能和批判性思维能力的培养。该数字课程每单元包含Listening, Extended Listening, Speaking, TEDTalks, Presentation和Self-test六大部分。听力训练主题广泛、注重听力和记笔记技能的培养，素材包括电视或电台采访、新闻报道、专题讨论等，同时还有与单元主题相关的拓展听力兼顾学生应试需求。口语和语音训练通过人机对话、跟读评分，有效提升学生口语水平。以TED演讲为素材的视频练习，突出记笔记、作演讲能力的培养。数字课程特有的单元自测通过词汇和听力测试有效检验学生的学习效果。

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程3（思政智慧版）

全新版大学英语视听说教程1

《全新版大学英语视听说教程》共四册，每册八单元，突出视听说技能、演讲技能和批判性思维能力的培养。该数字课程每单元包含Listening, Extended Listening, Speaking, TEDTalks, Presentation和Self-test六大部分。听力训练主题广泛、注重听力和记笔记技能的培养，素材包括电视或电台采访、新闻报道、专题讨论等，同时还有与单元主题相关的拓展听力兼顾学生应试需求。口语和语音训练通过人机对话、跟读评分，有效提升学生口语水平。以TED演讲为素材的视频练习，突出记笔记、作演讲能力的培养。数字课程特有的单元自测通过词汇和听力测试有效检验学生的学习效果。

教学素材 | 《卫报》评论：莫让AI掩盖青年才俊的光芒

《卫报》评论：莫让AI掩盖青年才俊的光芒The Guardian view on the graduate jobs crunch: AI must not be allowed to eclipse young talent 词汇：考研 | 句法：六级 | 文本：考研刘立军供稿As annual degree ceremonies take place on campuses across the country, new graduates will doubtless be turning their thoughts to enjoying some stress-free time off. Given the current state of the labor market, some may be forced to make that break a long one. 随着全国各地高校陆续举行一年一度的毕业典礼，新一届毕业生无疑会想着享受一段轻松无忧的假期。然而，鉴于当前就业市场的严峻形势，有些人可能不得不把这段空档期拉得很长。For university leavers, these are worrying times. A mounting pile of data suggests that accessing the kind of entry-level jobs that traditionally put degree holders on a path to professional success is becoming ever harder. One report published last month by the job-search site Indeed found that the market for young people fresh out of university is tougher than at any time since 2018. Compared with last year, the number of jobs advertised for recent graduates is down 33%. 对于即将走出大学校门的年轻人来说，这是个令人焦虑的时期。越来越多的数据表明，进入那些传统上为大学毕业生铺就职业成功之路的入门级岗位，正变得越来越困难。求职网站Indeed 上个月发布的一份报告显示，应届毕业生所面临的就业市场比自2018年以来任何时期都要严峻。与去年相比，面向应届毕业生的职位数量下降了33%。Some of the squeeze can be put down to a general slowdown in hiring, as employers opt for caution in an unpredictable, growth-starved economic climate. Another analysis, published this week, found that the number of entry-level jobs on offer throughout the labour market has fallen. But the steepest drop-off appears to be in professional occupations, where the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) may be beginning to affect the bottom rungs of the white-collar career ladder. 部分原因是整体招聘活动放缓，雇主们在经济前景不明朗、增长乏力的环境下选择谨慎行事。本周发布的另一项分析也发现，整个劳动力市场上提供的入门级岗位数量有所减少。但降幅最显著的领域似乎集中在专业岗位。在这类岗位中，人工智能（AI）的影响可能已开始波及白领职业阶梯的最底层。According to some analysts, a growing number of companies are using AI to perform many of the collative, summarizing or research-heavy kind of tasks that young graduates might previously have done. IBM’s human resources department now deploys AI to perform 94% of routine tasks, including performance reviews and development plans. Other employers may be hiring fewer graduates than in the past on the assumption that the use of AI will transform their productivity. 一些分析人士指出，越来越多的公司正在使用人工智能来完成许多原本由年轻毕业生承担的工作任务，比如资料整理、总结归纳或研究密集型工作。例如，IBM 的人力资源部门现在利用人工智能完成了94%的常规性任务，包括绩效评估和发展计划制定。其他雇主也可能因预期人工智能能提高效率而减少了对毕业生的招聘。For a graduate cohort whose education was blighted by the pandemic, and which is burdened by an average student debt of about £45,000, such developments risk stunting careers before they have begun. Recruitment systems are steadily being transformed through the introduction of AI-driven sifting processes, in which applications are rejected without a human judgment being made. A sustained contraction of the graduate job market, as pathways into professional careers are shortsightedly shut down in the name of cost savings, would further undermine trust between the generations at a time when it is already in short supply. 对于那些学业受到疫情影响、平均背负约4.5万英镑学生债务的毕业生而言，这样的趋势可能会在职业生涯尚未起步时就造成阻碍。与此同时，招聘系统也在悄然发生变化，越来越多的企业采用基于人工智能的筛选机制，导致许多职位申请在缺乏人工判断的情况下就被直接回绝。如果企业在追求节约成本的过程中，盲目关闭通往专业岗位的通道，加之毕业生就业市场持续萎缩，只会进一步削弱本已脆弱的代际信任。The technology minister, Peter Kyle, has urged businesses and employees to “act now” in gaining AI skills or risk being left behind, and the government hopes to collaborate with tech companies to deliver training to 7.5 million workers. But a focus on those hoping to enter the digitized workplace is also clearly needed. The evidence that entry-level jobs in areas such as law, finance and consulting are becoming scarcer should set alarm bells ringing in both government and boardrooms. 科技大臣彼得·凯尔敦促企业和员工“立即行动”，掌握人工智能相关技能，否则将被时代抛弃。政府也希望与科技公司合作，为750万名工人提供培训。然而，我们显然也需要特别关注那些即将进入数字化职场的年轻人。法律、金融和咨询等领域的入门岗位日益稀缺，这一趋势应该引起政府和企业高层的高度警觉。Politically and economically, the country cannot afford to waste the acquired skills, creativity and dynamism of those who have actually come of age in the digitized world. That may mean companies eventually reimagining the spectrum of early career opportunities that can be offered to recent graduates. But business and government should make it a priority to ensure that they are given the openings and encouragement they need in a rapidly transforming environment. Innovations such as ChatGPT have become embedded in everyday life at vertiginous speed. But their benefits must not come at the expense of the young talent that will be crucial to shaping our future. 从政治和经济层面来看，国家承担不起浪费这部分人才潜能的代价——他们是真正在数字化时代成长起来的群体，拥有已习得的专业技能、创新能力与活力。这意味着企业最终需要重新思考并拓展面向应届毕业生的早期职业机会。政府和企业必须优先确保这些年轻人能够在快速变革的环境中获得应有的机会和激励。像 ChatGPT 这样的创新技术已经以惊人的速度融入日常生活。但它们带来的便利，绝不应以牺牲未来塑造者——年轻人才的利益为代价。【词汇】1. rung n. 梯级，等级 2. cohort n. 群体，同龄人 3. pandemic n. 大流行病 4. stunt v. 阻碍 5. contraction n. 收缩，缩减 6. digitize v. 数字化 7. dynamism n. 活力，动力 8. vertiginous adj. 令人眩晕的，陡峭的 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

教学素材 | 人工智能会让你变笨吗？

Will AI Make You Stupid? 人工智能会让你变笨吗？难度：CET-6 偏难刘立军供稿Artificial intelligence (AI) promises greater efficiency and convenience—but is it silently weakening our ability to think? 人工智能（AI）会带来更高的效率和便利——但它是否也在悄悄削弱我们的思考能力？Early Warning Signs from Research 研究中的早期预警信号A recent MIT study raises serious concerns. Students using ChatGPT during essay-writing sessions displayed significantly reduced brain activity in regions tied to creativity and attention, as measured by EEG scans. They also struggled to recall specific parts of the content they had just written. This suggests that while AI may speed up tasks, it may also impair memory and critical engagement. 麻省理工学院最近的一项研究引发了严重担忧。研究发现，在撰写文章的过程中使用 ChatGPT 的学生，通过脑电图扫描测量的其与创造力和注意力相关的脑区活动显著减少。他们还难以回忆起自己刚刚写过的内容的具体部分。这表明，尽管人工智能可能加快任务的完成速度，但也可能损害记忆力和深度思考能力。This isn’t an isolated finding. Microsoft Research surveyed 319 professionals regularly using generative AI for over 900 tasks. Only around 60% of those tasks required deep thinking—most were routine and described as “mindless.” The majority of respondents admitted they exerted significantly less mental effort when using AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, or Copilot. 这并非孤立现象。微软研究院对319名经常使用生成式人工智能完成900多项任务的专业人士进行了调查。结果显示，只有大约60%的任务需要深入思考——大多数任务都是例行公事，被描述为“不动脑筋”的工作。大多数受访者承认，使用 ChatGPT、Gemini 或 Copilot 等 AI 工具时，他们的脑力投入明显减少。Similarly, a study by Michael Gerlich at SBS Swiss Business School found that heavy AI users scored lower on critical-thinking assessments. Hundreds of educators reached out to him afterward, confirming they’ve seen the same trend in classrooms: students increasingly dependent on AI struggle with independent reasoning. 同样，SBS 瑞士商学院Michael Gerlich博士的研究也发现，频繁使用人工智能的人在批判性思维评估中的得分较低。研究发表后，数百名教育工作者联系了他，证实他们在课堂上也观察到了类似趋势：越来越依赖 AI 的学生在独立思考方面遇到了困难。Is AI the Cause—or Just a Symptom? 是 AI 导致的，还是只是表象？Researchers caution that these studies don’t yet prove a direct causal link. The MIT study had only 54 participants, and Gerlich’s findings may reflect a different issue: perhaps those who already lack strong critical thinking skills are more likely to rely on AI. Still, the consistent pattern across different studies makes this an issue worth urgent attention. 研究人员警告说，这些研究尚未证明人工智能使用与思维能力下降之间存在直接的因果关系。麻省理工的研究仅涉及54名参与者，而 Gerlich博士的发现可能反映了另一个问题：也许那些原本缺乏批判性思维能力的人更倾向于依赖 AI。尽管如此，不同研究中一致的结果表明，这个问题值得高度关注。The Bigger Risk: Outsourcing Thought 更大的风险：外包思考Throughout history, technological tools have helped reduce mental workload—writing, calculators, GPS. But as psychologist Evan Risko notes, generative AI introduces a new level of cognitive offloading. While it’s harmless to delegate arithmetic, offloading complex thinking—like writing, decision-making, or problem-solving—could weaken our cognitive endurance over time. 纵观历史，技术工具一直在帮助人们减轻脑力负担——从文字书写、计算器到 GPS。但正如心理学家 Evan Risko 所指出的，生成式 AI 引入了一种新的“认知外包”层次。虽然将算术任务交给机器无伤大雅，但将写作、决策或解决问题等涉及复杂思考的任务外包，可能会逐渐削弱我们的认知耐力。This could lead to a self-reinforcing loop of “cognitive miserliness,” where users consistently choose the path of least effort. As AI becomes the default, our brains grow accustomed to underperforming. One participant in Gerlich’s study admitted: “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” 这可能导致一种“认知懒惰”的循环，即用户总是选择最省力的方式，且这一循环会自我强化。当 AI 成为默认选项，我们的大脑也会逐渐习惯低效运作。Gerlich博士的研究中有一位参与者坦言：“我对 AI 如此依赖，甚至我觉得没有它我都不知道怎么解决一些问题。”The Economic and Creative Cost 经济与创造力的代价Businesses are betting heavily on AI for productivity gains. But there’s a catch. Barbara Larson of Northeastern University warns that a long-term decline in critical thinking could reduce competitiveness—and make workers more replaceable. 企业正大力押注 AI 来提升生产力。但这也存在隐患。东北大学的 Barbara Larson教授警告说，长期来看，批判性思维能力的下降可能会削弱企业的竞争力，让员工更容易被取代。Creativity is also at risk. In one study, participants were asked to come up with novel uses for objects like a car tyre or a pair of trousers. Those exposed to AI suggestions gave less original answers. For example, ChatGPT proposed using trousers as part of a scarecrow—essentially, trousers as trousers. A human, unaided, turned them into a quirky bird feeder. Clearly, relying on AI can narrow the scope of imagination. 创造力也面临威胁。在一项研究中，参与者被要求想象一个汽车轮胎或一条裤子有什么新的用途。接受过 AI 建议的人给出的答案缺乏原创性。例如，ChatGPT 提议将裤子用作稻草人的一部分——本质上还是作为裤子的用途。而一个没有借助 AI 的人则将其改造成了一种有趣的鸟食器。显然，过度依赖 AI 会限制想象力的广度。Smarter Ways to Use AI 更聪明地使用 AI 的方法The solution isn’t to abandon AI—but to use it more wisely. Dr. Larson advises treating AI as a helpful but naive assistant, not an expert. Dr. Gerlich recommends prompting AI step by step, rather than asking for a final answer. Instead of “Where should I go for a sunny holiday?” start with “Which destinations have the least rainfall?” This preserves the user’s role as the thinker. 解决方案不是放弃 AI，而是更聪明地使用它。Larson 博士建议将 AI 视为一个有用但不够成熟的助手，而不是专家。Gerlich博士则建议分步骤向 AI 提问，而不是直接要一个最终答案。例如，不要问“我该去哪里度假？”而是先问“哪些地方降雨最少？”，这样可以保留用户作为思考者的角色。Microsoft researchers are also exploring AI designs that encourage critical thinking. Some experimental chatbots interrupt users with challenging prompts or probing questions—transforming them from passive answer machines into interactive thought partners. A concept that Socrates, the father of inquiry-based learning, would likely applaud. 微软的研究人员也在探索鼓励批判性思维的 AI 设计。一些实验性聊天机器人会通过带有挑战性的提示词或探究性的提问来打断用户，将自身从被动的回答机器转变为互动型的思考伙伴。这种理念或许会受到苏格拉底——探究式学习之父——的赞赏。The Limits of Forcing Engagement 强制参与的局限性Yet even thoughtful interventions can backfire. A study found that AI “provocations” reduced performance in weaker programmers. And more forceful methods—like requiring users to generate their own response before accessing AI—are unlikely to be welcomed. As Microsoft’s Zana Buçinca explains, “People don’t like to be pushed to engage.” Indeed, a global survey by Oliver Wyman showed that 47% of respondents would use generative AI tools even if banned by their employer. 然而，即使是经过深思熟虑的干预也可能适得其反。一项研究发现，AI 的“挑战性提问”反而会降低编程能力较弱者的表现。而更强制性的方法——比如要求用户在访问 AI 前必须先自行生成答案——也不太可能受欢迎。正如来自微软的Zana Buçinca 所说：“人们不喜欢被强迫去思考。”事实上，奥纬咨询公司（Oliver Wyman）的一项全球调查显示，47%的受访者即使雇主禁止，也会继续使用生成式 AI 工具。A Tool, Not a Crutch AI：工具，而非拐杖AI is still young, and for now, the human brain remains the most versatile tool we have. But we must be careful not to trade long-term mental sharpness for short-term convenience. If strong evidence continues to show that AI dulls critical and creative thinking, we’ll face a choice: adjust how we use it—or risk becoming intellectually dependent on it. 人工智能仍处于早期阶段，目前，人类大脑仍然是我们最灵活的工具。但我们必须小心，不要为了短期便利而牺牲长期的思维敏锐性。如果越来越多的证据显示 AI 确实削弱了批判性与创造性思维，我们将面临一个选择：调整使用方式——或冒着在智力上对AI愈加依赖的风险。The question is not just can AI make us less intelligent—but will we notice before it does? 问题不仅仅是 AI 是否会让人类变笨——而在于我们是否在它将我们变笨之前就能察觉到？【词汇】 1. offload v. 卸载，转移 2. miserliness n. 吝啬 3. quirky adj. 匆匆做成的，速成的 4. backfire v. 事与愿违，产生反效果 5. crutch n. 拐杖，依赖物 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

教学素材 | 办公椅臀：克利夫兰诊所专家教你如何预防

办公椅臀：克利夫兰诊所专家教你如何预防Office Chair Butt: Cleveland Clinic Experts on How to Prevent It 六级 | 偏易刘立军供稿You probably know the feeling: after sitting at your desk for hours, your backside feels numb, your lower back is stiff, and your favorite jeans might even be fitting…a little differently. On social media, this modern desk-job woe has earned a name: office chair butt. 你可能对这种感觉再熟悉不过：在办公桌前一坐就是几个小时，臀部发麻、下背僵硬，就连最喜欢的牛仔裤穿起来似乎也……有点不一样了。在社交媒体上，这种现代上班族的常见困扰被戏称为“办公椅臀”。 Although it’s not a formal medical term, it describes a real phenomenon. Sitting for long stretches, especially without proper posture or regular movement, can subtly change the way your body feels and looks. The upside? With a few simple habits, you can prevent these changes and keep your glutes in good shape. 虽然“办公椅臀”并非正式的医学术语，但它确实描述了一种真实存在的现象。长时间久坐——尤其是姿势不对或缺乏规律活动——会悄然改变你身体的感受和姿态。好消息是：只需养成几个简单习惯，就能有效预防这些变化，让臀部保持健康紧实的状态。 Ahead, we’ll explore what causes office chair butt and share simple ways to treat and prevent it, with expert guidance from Cleveland Clinic occupational therapist Michael Milicia, OT. 下文将结合克利夫兰诊所职业治疗师迈克尔·米利西亚的专业建议，深入解析“办公椅臀”的成因，并分享实用的治疗与预防方法。What office chair butt means 什么是“办公椅臀”Office chair butt isn’t an official medical diagnosis, but it is a way to describe a real side effect of our sedentary lifestyles: the weakening and flattening of the gluteal muscles caused by too much sitting. According to the Cleveland Clinic, long hours spent parked in a chair can lead to gluteal muscle atrophy, which is when your muscles start to shrink, soften, and lose their shape. “办公椅臀”不是一个正式的医学诊断，却是对我们久坐生活方式的一种真实写照：因久坐导致臀部肌肉变弱、扁平。据克利夫兰诊所介绍，长时间坐在椅子上可能导致臀肌萎缩，即肌肉开始缩小、变软、失去原有形状。Your gluteal muscles, especially the gluteus maximus, are among the largest and most important muscles in your body. They help stabilize your pelvis, support good posture, and power everyday movements like walking, climbing stairs, and even standing upright. “A lack of conditioning in your gluteus maximus and surrounding tissue leads to weakness, making it build up fat tissue and appear flatter or saggy,” explains Milicia in the Cleveland Clinic’s Health Essentials blog. 臀部肌肉，尤其是臀大肌，是人体最大、最重要的肌群之一。它们不仅帮助稳定骨盆、维持良好体态，还为日常活动提供动力，比如走路、爬楼梯，甚至只是站直身体。“如果臀大肌及其周围组织缺乏锻炼，就会变得无力，进而堆积脂肪，看起来更扁平或松弛，”米利西亚在克利夫兰诊所的健康专栏《健康要闻》（Health Essentials）中解释道。Office chair butt usually isn’t something to panic about. But it is your body’s way of saying it needs more movement—and that’s worth taking seriously. If you’re experiencing pain, tingling, or ongoing discomfort, it’s a good idea to check in with your doctor to rule out any other underlying issues. 通常情况下，“办公椅臀”并不需要过度担忧，但它确实是身体在提醒你：该多动一动了——而这一点值得认真对待。如果你感到疼痛、刺痛或持续不适，建议及时就医，以排除其他潜在问题。What causes office chair butt “办公椅臀”的成因 According to the Cleveland Clinic, the muscle mass that gives your backside its shape is very much a use-it-or-lose-it situation. When your glutes aren’t engaged regularly—especially after hours of sitting—they start to weaken. As the muscle fades, fat can accumulate in its place. Since fat is softer and less structured than muscle, it doesn’t hold shape as well, which can lead to a flatter, less defined appearance. 克利夫兰诊所指出，塑造臀部线条的肌肉量完全遵循“用进废退”的原则。当你长时间久坐，臀肌得不到激活，便会逐渐退化。随着肌肉流失，脂肪便可能取而代之。由于脂肪比肌肉更柔软、结构更松散，无法维持紧致轮廓，最终导致臀部看起来更扁、缺乏线条感。 Sitting for extended periods also reduces circulation, which may contribute to tightness and stiffness, particularly in the lower back and hips. Over time, this lack of movement creates a cycle of discomfort and further muscle loss. 长时间坐着还会减少血液循环，可能引发下背部和髋部的紧绷与僵硬。久而久之，这种缺乏活动的状态会形成一个恶性循环：不适感加剧，肌肉进一步流失。 Posture matters, too. Slouching, leaning to one side, or perching on the edge of your chair puts extra strain on your glutes and lower back. Without proper support and alignment, those muscles stay inactive—and that leads to further weakening. 姿势同样至关重要。瘫坐，或是歪坐，或只坐在椅子边缘，都会给臀部和下背部带来额外压力。如果没有良好的支撑或坐直，这些肌肉会长时间处于“休眠”状态，从而加速退化。How to prevent office chair butt 如何预防“办公椅臀” Sitting for hours on end isn’t great for your body. “The key is to activate your glutes to offset that sitting as much as possible,” says Milicia. You don’t need a complete lifestyle overhaul to prevent or fix office chair butt. A few simple changes can make a big difference, and most of them are easy to start today. 长时间久坐对身体并不友好。“关键在于尽可能多地激活你的臀肌，以抵消久坐带来的负面影响，”米利西亚说道。要预防或改善“办公椅臀”，你并不需要彻底改变生活方式。只需做一些简单的调整，就能带来显著效果——而其中大多数方法，今天就能轻松开始。1. Take movement breaks every hour 每小时活动几次 Little bursts of movement throughout the day can go a long way. “Try to get up and move every 30 to 90 minutes, as your job allows,” Milicia recommends. Set a timer or reminder if you need to. Even short breaks—like walking to the kitchen or stretching at your desk—help keep your muscles engaged. 一天中穿插几次短暂的活动，就能带来显著益处。“尽量每30到90分钟起身活动一下，只要工作允许，”米利西亚建议道。如果容易忘记，不妨设个定时提醒。哪怕是短短几分钟的休息——比如去厨房倒杯水，或在工位旁做几个拉伸动作——都能有效激活肌肉，防止它们“沉睡”。Milicia also suggests making small, intentional choices to add more movement: take the stairs instead of the elevator, or use a bathroom that’s a bit farther from your desk. 米利西亚还鼓励大家有意识地做出一些微小选择，为日常增加更多活动量：比如改走楼梯而非电梯，或特意选择离工位稍远的洗手间。2. Strengthen your glutes 强化臀部肌肉 Your backside is full of strong, powerful muscles—they just need a little attention. Add bodyweight exercises like glute bridges, lunges, and squats to your day. Just a few minutes a day can wake those muscles back up. If you’re unsure about proper technique, consult your healthcare provider to ensure you’re performing the exercises safely and correctly. 你的臀部其实蕴藏着强大而有力的肌肉群，只是需要你稍加关注。不妨在日常中加入一些徒手训练，比如臀桥、弓步和深蹲。每天只需几分钟，就能重新唤醒这些沉睡的肌群。如果你不确定动作是否标准，建议咨询医疗专业人士，确保锻炼安全有效。3. Improve your sitting setup 改善坐姿环境 Your chair should support your lower back, keep your knees level with your hips, and let your feet rest flat on the floor. If you don’t have an ergonomic chair, try a lumbar support pillow and make sure your computer monitor is at eye level so you don’t hunch forward. 一把合适的椅子也至关重要：它应能支撑下背部，使膝盖与髋部保持在同一水平，并让双脚自然平放于地面。若没有人体工学椅，可以加一个腰部支撑靠垫，并确保电脑屏幕与视线齐平，避免身体前倾驼背。4. Stretch your hips 拉伸髋部 A tight front means a weak back. Make time for a few hip stretches during the day, like a kneeling hip flexor stretch or seated figure-four pose, to release tension and improve your posture. 前侧紧张，往往意味着后侧无力。不妨在一天中抽出几分钟做些髋部拉伸，例如跪姿髋屈肌拉伸或坐姿“4”字拉伸，有助于释放紧张、改善体态。5. Stay active outside the office 下班后保持活跃 Walk your dog, ride your bike, go for a swim—whatever gets your body moving. A regular workout routine will not only keep your glutes strong, but improve your overall mood, sleep, and energy. 遛狗、骑车、游泳……只要能让身体动起来的活动都值得尝试。规律的锻炼不仅能强健臀肌，还能提升整体情绪、睡眠质量和精力。6. Try a standing desk 尝试使用站立式办公桌 If it’s an option, alternating between sitting and standing at a desk can work wonders. Just be sure to shift your weight and move regularly as standing still for too long isn’t ideal either. 如果条件允许，在坐姿和站姿之间交替使用办公桌会带来意想不到的效果。但要注意：长时间站立不动同样不理想，应定期变换重心、适当走动。7. Try seated exercises 尝试坐着锻炼 Even when you’re stuck in your chair, you can still get your lower body working. Milicia suggests butt clenches, marching in place, heel lifts, and toe lifts. These subtle movements may not break a sweat, but they help activate your muscles and keep your circulation going. 即使暂时无法离开座位，你依然可以活动下半身。米利西亚推荐一些隐蔽又有效的动作：夹紧臀部、原地踏步、踮脚尖和抬脚趾。这些细微动作虽不会让你大汗淋漓，却能有效激活肌肉、促进血液循环，让久坐的身体保持活力。【词汇】 1. woe n. 痛苦，悲伤 2. diagnosis n. 诊断 3. sedentary adj. 久坐的 4. gluteal muscle 臀部肌肉 5. atrophy n./v. 萎缩，衰退 6. gluteus maximus 臀大肌7. saggy adj.松懈的，下垂的8. tingling adj. 刺痛的9. overhaul n. 大修，改造10. pelvis n. 骨盆 11. slouch v. 无精打采地坐或站 12. lunge n. 弓步 13. squat n. 蹲下，深蹲 14. ergonomic chair 人体工学椅 15. lumbar adj. 腰部的 16. hunch v. 弓背，耸肩 17. kneeling hip flexor stretch 跪姿髋屈肌拉伸18. butt clench夹臀动作 （本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 流感季来袭，你准备好了吗？

流感季来袭，你准备好了吗？Flu season is here. Are you ready?慢速| 六级（CET-6）较难 | 856词 | 5min42s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is the primary mechanism by which the influenza virus evades immunity?A. By hiding within host cells.B. By jumping between species.C. By constantly changing its strains.D. By developing resistance to antibiotics.Q2. How does the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System facilitate the update of the influenza vaccine?A. By providing financial support to laboratories.B. By conducting clinical trials for new vaccines.C. By training public health officials in various countries.D. By collecting and analyzing virus samples and sharing data with WHO.Q3. How does the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System safeguard public health?A. By updating vaccine strains.B. By controlling international travel.C. By treating influenza patients globally.D. By creating new health regulations.Q4. According to Dr. Shoshanna Goldin, which of the following groups is at the highest risk of severe complications from seasonal influenza?A. Young and healthy adults.B. Children under the age of five.C. Pregnant women and individuals with chronic health conditions.D. People who live in tropical regions.Q5. What is the significance of the fact that the influenza vaccine has been used for over seventy years?A. It is no longer effective due to virus mutations.B. It is a testament to its safety and efficacy.C. It indicates that the virus has not changed much.D. It means that the vaccine is no longer necessary.Q6. Why is it still beneficial to get vaccinated even if one has already missed the recommended early season vaccination?A. The vaccine provides immediate protection.B. The peak of the flu season is yet to come.C. Vaccination can prevent all flu cases.D. The vaccine takes two weeks to become effective, offering protection for the rest of the season.Q7. What can be inferred from the statement that the seasonal influenza vaccine is like an umbrella?A. The vaccine provides partial protection against the flu.B. The vaccine is not effective in preventing the flu.C. The vaccine is only effective in certain weather conditions.D. The vaccine can prevent all cases of severe influenza.Q8. What is the main purpose of the conversation between VGS and Dr. Shoshanna Goldin?A. To discuss the latest treatments for influenza.B. To highlight the importance of the influenza vaccine.C. To debate the safety of vaccines.D. To compare influenza with the common cold.Part II. TRANSCRIPTFlu season is here. Are you ready?VGS: The influenza virus is smart. (Q1) It has many strains. It keeps changing to overcome immunity and it jumps species. It exists in every country and every year, hundreds of thousands of people die because of seasonal influenza. How do experts and scientists keep ahead of this virus? We are talking today to Dr Shoshanna Goldin about how experts and public health scientists keep us safe and protected from this virus.SG: Vismita, you’re right. The influenza virus is complex and it’s always changing. Our best tool to protect against severe influenza, illness and death is the vaccine. So what this means is that we are always in a race between the influenza virus and keeping our vaccine up to date. Over the last seventy years, we’ve developed a sophisticated network to allow us to keep up with the virus’ evolution. The Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System is a network of more than a hundred and fifty laboratories in one hundred and thirty countries around the world. (Q2) These laboratories are collecting influenza virus samples, they’re analyzing what strains of influenza are circulating and they share that information back with WHO. Twice a year, WHO convenes global experts to analyze this data and determine what influenza strains are predominantly circulating and should be included in the next influenza vaccine.predominantly adv. 主要地，通常地VGS: Shoshanna, how does this network protect us?SG: (Q3) This network protects you by making sure that the influenza vaccine is as up to date as possible. It also helps us to understand if there are new influenza viruses that are emerging. This network has been an effective global collaboration for more than seventy years.VGS: We’re talking about seasonal influenza, right? So, people could say, “Well, it’s a common cold. You’ll get over it.” How serious can seasonal influenza be and who should be vaccinated?vaccinate v. 接种疫苗SG: Seasonal influenza is serious. It causes up to five million hospitalizations each year and is estimated to cause 650 thousand respiratory derived deaths alone. That’s quite a significant global health burden. The people who should be vaccinated to protect themselves against this virus are the people who are most likely to get severe disease or die from an influenza complication. (Q4) These include people like your elderly parents so, older adults, pregnant women, people with chronic conditions, so they might have underlying heart issues, lung issues, they could have diabetes, obesity, or have an immune system that’s compromised because of a virus such has HIV or cancer. WHO does also recommend that health workers be vaccinated against influenza each year because they are exposed to so much influenza through their workplace.respiratory adj. 呼吸的，呼吸系统的VGS: So is this vaccine safe?SG: (Q5) The influenza vaccine is very safe. It’s been used for more than seventy years around the world. Influenza vaccines can be used by people aged six months and older and they should be taken annually. What I think is a very fun fact, is that influenza vaccines are one of the most commonly used vaccines around the world with nearly one billion doses used each year.VGS: So, it’s flu season here and I missed my vaccination. Is it too late for me now?SG: (Q6) It’s not too late to get vaccinated. The season for influenza lasts several months. While we do recommend that you get vaccinated as early in the season as possible to protect yourself throughout the full duration, you could be vaccinated now and protect yourself from the peak. What’s important to remember is that it does take about two weeks for the influenza vaccine to protect you for you to develop that full immunity to influenza. So, it’s better to get vaccinated now and not wait any longer. When you go off to get vaccinated, if you’re eligible, you could also get influenza and COVID-19 vaccination in your same visit.VGS: So for our audiences who may be watching from different parts of the world, whenever their flu season is, how can they protect themselves?SG: There are several ways you can protect yourself from seasonal influenza. Washing your hands regularly, staying in well-ventilated areas, and if you’re medically vulnerable, so if you are a member of one of those high-risk groups you may want to consider wearing a mask if you’re likely to be exposed to influenza, such as in a crowded setting. But it’s important to remember that our best tool to protect against severe influenza and death is actually the vaccine. Getting vaccinated every year can help to keep you safe. (Q7) Think about it like an umbrella, an umbrella may not keep you completely dry but it will make sure that you and your loved ones standing close to you are not drenched in the rain. The seasonal influenza vaccine works in a very similar way. By taking the seasonal influenza vaccine, you protect yourself from severe illness and death. It may be possible that you still get a case of influenza but it will be a mild case rather than a severe one.drench v. 使湿透，使浸水VGS: Thank you, Shoshanna, that was Science in 5 today. Until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy and stick with science.Part III. KEYQ1. C.【解析】细节题。根据“It has many strains. It keeps changing to overcome immunity”，可知流感病毒有许多株系，它不断变化以克服免疫力。因此，答案是C。Q2. D.【解析】细节题。根据“These laboratories are collecting influenza virus samples, they’re analyzing what strains of influenza are circulating and they share that information back with WHO.”，可知这些实验室收集流感病毒样本，分析正在传播的流感病毒株，并将这些信息与世卫组织共享。因此，答案是D。Q3. A.【解析】细节题。根据“This network protects you by making sure that the influenza vaccine is as up to date as possible.”，可知其作用是通过确保流感疫苗尽可能保持时效性来保护公众健康。因此，答案是A。Q4. C.【解析】细节题。根据“These include people like your elderly parents so, older adults, pregnant women, people with chronic conditions, so they might have underlying heart issues, lung issues, they could have diabetes, obesity, or have an immune system that’s compromised because of a virus such has HIV or cancer.”，可知高风险人群包括老年父母、老年人、孕妇、有慢性疾病的人，他们可能有潜在的心脏问题，肺部问题，可能有糖尿病，肥胖，或者因为像HIV或癌症这样的病毒而免疫系统受损的人。因此，答案是C。Q5. B.【解析】细节题。根据“The influenza vaccine is very safe. It’s been used for more than seventy years around the world.”，可知流感疫苗非常安全。它已在全球使用了七十多年，这表明疫苗的安全性和有效性得到了长期验证。因此，答案是B。Q6. D.【解析】细节题。根据“It’s not too late to get vaccinated... it does take about two weeks for the influenza vaccine to protect you for you to develop that full immunity to influenza.”，可知及时错过了推荐接种的时间，现在接种疫苗也还不晚，因为接种疫苗后需要大约两周的时间产生免疫力，仍能为流感剩余时间提供防护，因此，答案是D。Q7. A.【解析】推理题。根据“Think about it like an umbrella, an umbrella may not keep you completely dry but it will make sure that you and your loved ones standing close to you are not drenched in the rain.”，可知伞可能不能完全让你保持干燥，但能确保你不会被大雨浇透，将疫苗比作雨伞，这表明疫苗能提供一定程度的保护，但并不是完全免疫。因此，答案是A。Q8. B.【解析】主旨题。整个对话的主要目的是强调流感疫苗的重要性，这一点在对话中多次提及，特别是在讨论疫苗的作用、安全性以及为什么某些群体应该接种疫苗时。因此，答案是B。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 英环保人士因福利争议辞RSPCA职务

英环保人士因福利争议辞RSPCA职务UK Environmentalists Quit RSPCA Over Welfare Controversy常速 | 六级（CET-6）较易 | 130词 | 53s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What specific incidents led to the resignation of Chris Packham and Caroline Lucas from the RSPCA?A. The RSPCA’s approval of new animal testing methods.B. The discovery of financial mismanagement within the organization.C. Videos showing improper treatment of pigs and cows in approved abattoirs.D. A disagreement over the organization's stance on climate change.Q2. What can be inferred about Chris Packham’s past actions and beliefs from the text?A. He has been indifferent to animal welfare issues.B. He has a history of opposing animal welfare organizations.C. He has been known to support any practices within the animal welfare sector.D. He has been actively involved in promoting wildlife and animal welfare.Q3. What was Chris Packham’s primary concern regarding the RSPCA’s leadership as mentioned in the BBC interview?A. The leadership’s prioritization of other issues over animal welfare.B. The leadership’s failure to address the allegations of animal cruelty promptly.C. The leadership’s lack of transparency in financial dealings.D. The leadership’s involvement in the alleged acts of animal cruelty.Q4. What is the main theme of the passage?A. The internal conflicts within the RSPCA.B. The resignation of two environmentalists from a prominent animal welfare organization.C. The public’s reaction to the allegations of animal cruelty.D. The challenges faced by animal welfare organizations in addressing cruelty.Part II. TRANSCRIPTUK Environmentalists Quit RSPCA Over Welfare ControversyTwo prominent environments men, environmentalists in Britain have been, have resigned as president and vice president for the world’s oldest animal welfare organization over allegations of cruelty at some of its approved abattoirs. (Q1) Chris Packham and Caroline Lucas quit the RSPCA after another animal campaign group released videos from abattoirs showing pigs being stunned incorrectly before slaughter and cows being prodded with an electric probe. In a BBC interview, Mister Packham accused the charity’s leadership of complete hypocrisy. (Q2) “Since I was a kid, I’ve done everything I can to improve wildlife and animal welfare. (Q3) And if I can’t make the progress as rapidly as I need to make, I can’t have my reputation damaged by people who are not putting that welfare at the forefront of their agenda.”abattoir n. 屠宰场；屠宰厂prod v. 戳；刺hypocrisy n. 伪善；虚伪Part III. KEYQ1. C.【解析】细节题。根据“Chris Packham and Caroline Lucas quit the RSPCA after another animal campaign group released videos from abattoirs showing pigs being stunned incorrectly before slaughter and cows being prodded with an electric probe.”，可知在另一个动物运动团体发布了来自屠宰场的视频，视频中猪在屠宰前被错误地击晕，牛被电击棒戳刺，记录了屠宰场内猪和牛受到不当对待，这直接导致了Chris Packham和Caroline Lucas的辞职，因此答案为C。Q2. D.【解析】推理题。根据“Since I was a kid, I’ve done everything I can to improve wildlife and animal welfare.”，Chris Packha在采访中提到，从小到大，他一直在尽所能改善野生动植物和动物福利。因此答案为D。Q3. A.【解析】细节题。根据“And if I can’t make the progress as rapidly as I need to make, I can’t have my reputation damaged by people who are not putting that welfare at the forefront of their agenda.”，可知Chris Packham担心如果不能尽快取得所需的进展，他不能让他的声誉被那些没有把动物福利放在议程首位的人损害，这表明他担心的是领导层没有将动物福利放在最重要的位置，因此答案为A。Q4. B.【解析】主旨题。整个段落主要讲述了两位著名环保人士因对RSPCA的一些批准屠宰场的虐待指控而辞去了他们的职务。因此答案为B。（本文图片来源于摄图网，版权归摄图网所有)

新闻听力 | 美国医保高管谋杀案嫌犯出庭

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