全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程2

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程2的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

全新版大学进阶英语：视听说教程2

全新版大学进阶英语《视听说教程》网络课程可用于课堂教学外的巩固与补充，也可作为学生独立学习的网络课程。该课程选用美国《国家地理》的素材，图片震撼、场景真实、语言地道。《视听说网络课程》注重听力技能和口语表达的训练，练习设计循序渐进，科学合理；为兼顾四级考试的需求，网络课程每单元均含四级听力与口语训练的练习。听力播放支持语速调节，口语训练实现了较好的人机交互功能，便于学生根据自身需求进行个性化学习。

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程1

全新版大学进阶英语：综合教程1的配套网络课程及移动学习资源包将背单词、练语音、听音频、看视频、写作文、做练习等学习内容有机整合，结合课本内容与课外补充，帮助学生自学自测，方便教师监督管理。

教学素材 | 人工智能会让你变笨吗？

Will AI Make You Stupid? 人工智能会让你变笨吗？难度：CET-6 偏难刘立军供稿Artificial intelligence (AI) promises greater efficiency and convenience—but is it silently weakening our ability to think? 人工智能（AI）会带来更高的效率和便利——但它是否也在悄悄削弱我们的思考能力？Early Warning Signs from Research 研究中的早期预警信号A recent MIT study raises serious concerns. Students using ChatGPT during essay-writing sessions displayed significantly reduced brain activity in regions tied to creativity and attention, as measured by EEG scans. They also struggled to recall specific parts of the content they had just written. This suggests that while AI may speed up tasks, it may also impair memory and critical engagement. 麻省理工学院最近的一项研究引发了严重担忧。研究发现，在撰写文章的过程中使用 ChatGPT 的学生，通过脑电图扫描测量的其与创造力和注意力相关的脑区活动显著减少。他们还难以回忆起自己刚刚写过的内容的具体部分。这表明，尽管人工智能可能加快任务的完成速度，但也可能损害记忆力和深度思考能力。This isn’t an isolated finding. Microsoft Research surveyed 319 professionals regularly using generative AI for over 900 tasks. Only around 60% of those tasks required deep thinking—most were routine and described as “mindless.” The majority of respondents admitted they exerted significantly less mental effort when using AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, or Copilot. 这并非孤立现象。微软研究院对319名经常使用生成式人工智能完成900多项任务的专业人士进行了调查。结果显示，只有大约60%的任务需要深入思考——大多数任务都是例行公事，被描述为“不动脑筋”的工作。大多数受访者承认，使用 ChatGPT、Gemini 或 Copilot 等 AI 工具时，他们的脑力投入明显减少。Similarly, a study by Michael Gerlich at SBS Swiss Business School found that heavy AI users scored lower on critical-thinking assessments. Hundreds of educators reached out to him afterward, confirming they’ve seen the same trend in classrooms: students increasingly dependent on AI struggle with independent reasoning. 同样，SBS 瑞士商学院Michael Gerlich博士的研究也发现，频繁使用人工智能的人在批判性思维评估中的得分较低。研究发表后，数百名教育工作者联系了他，证实他们在课堂上也观察到了类似趋势：越来越依赖 AI 的学生在独立思考方面遇到了困难。Is AI the Cause—or Just a Symptom? 是 AI 导致的，还是只是表象？Researchers caution that these studies don’t yet prove a direct causal link. The MIT study had only 54 participants, and Gerlich’s findings may reflect a different issue: perhaps those who already lack strong critical thinking skills are more likely to rely on AI. Still, the consistent pattern across different studies makes this an issue worth urgent attention. 研究人员警告说，这些研究尚未证明人工智能使用与思维能力下降之间存在直接的因果关系。麻省理工的研究仅涉及54名参与者，而 Gerlich博士的发现可能反映了另一个问题：也许那些原本缺乏批判性思维能力的人更倾向于依赖 AI。尽管如此，不同研究中一致的结果表明，这个问题值得高度关注。The Bigger Risk: Outsourcing Thought 更大的风险：外包思考Throughout history, technological tools have helped reduce mental workload—writing, calculators, GPS. But as psychologist Evan Risko notes, generative AI introduces a new level of cognitive offloading. While it’s harmless to delegate arithmetic, offloading complex thinking—like writing, decision-making, or problem-solving—could weaken our cognitive endurance over time. 纵观历史，技术工具一直在帮助人们减轻脑力负担——从文字书写、计算器到 GPS。但正如心理学家 Evan Risko 所指出的，生成式 AI 引入了一种新的“认知外包”层次。虽然将算术任务交给机器无伤大雅，但将写作、决策或解决问题等涉及复杂思考的任务外包，可能会逐渐削弱我们的认知耐力。This could lead to a self-reinforcing loop of “cognitive miserliness,” where users consistently choose the path of least effort. As AI becomes the default, our brains grow accustomed to underperforming. One participant in Gerlich’s study admitted: “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” 这可能导致一种“认知懒惰”的循环，即用户总是选择最省力的方式，且这一循环会自我强化。当 AI 成为默认选项，我们的大脑也会逐渐习惯低效运作。Gerlich博士的研究中有一位参与者坦言：“我对 AI 如此依赖，甚至我觉得没有它我都不知道怎么解决一些问题。”The Economic and Creative Cost 经济与创造力的代价Businesses are betting heavily on AI for productivity gains. But there’s a catch. Barbara Larson of Northeastern University warns that a long-term decline in critical thinking could reduce competitiveness—and make workers more replaceable. 企业正大力押注 AI 来提升生产力。但这也存在隐患。东北大学的 Barbara Larson教授警告说，长期来看，批判性思维能力的下降可能会削弱企业的竞争力，让员工更容易被取代。Creativity is also at risk. In one study, participants were asked to come up with novel uses for objects like a car tyre or a pair of trousers. Those exposed to AI suggestions gave less original answers. For example, ChatGPT proposed using trousers as part of a scarecrow—essentially, trousers as trousers. A human, unaided, turned them into a quirky bird feeder. Clearly, relying on AI can narrow the scope of imagination. 创造力也面临威胁。在一项研究中，参与者被要求想象一个汽车轮胎或一条裤子有什么新的用途。接受过 AI 建议的人给出的答案缺乏原创性。例如，ChatGPT 提议将裤子用作稻草人的一部分——本质上还是作为裤子的用途。而一个没有借助 AI 的人则将其改造成了一种有趣的鸟食器。显然，过度依赖 AI 会限制想象力的广度。Smarter Ways to Use AI 更聪明地使用 AI 的方法The solution isn’t to abandon AI—but to use it more wisely. Dr. Larson advises treating AI as a helpful but naive assistant, not an expert. Dr. Gerlich recommends prompting AI step by step, rather than asking for a final answer. Instead of “Where should I go for a sunny holiday?” start with “Which destinations have the least rainfall?” This preserves the user’s role as the thinker. 解决方案不是放弃 AI，而是更聪明地使用它。Larson 博士建议将 AI 视为一个有用但不够成熟的助手，而不是专家。Gerlich博士则建议分步骤向 AI 提问，而不是直接要一个最终答案。例如，不要问“我该去哪里度假？”而是先问“哪些地方降雨最少？”，这样可以保留用户作为思考者的角色。Microsoft researchers are also exploring AI designs that encourage critical thinking. Some experimental chatbots interrupt users with challenging prompts or probing questions—transforming them from passive answer machines into interactive thought partners. A concept that Socrates, the father of inquiry-based learning, would likely applaud. 微软的研究人员也在探索鼓励批判性思维的 AI 设计。一些实验性聊天机器人会通过带有挑战性的提示词或探究性的提问来打断用户，将自身从被动的回答机器转变为互动型的思考伙伴。这种理念或许会受到苏格拉底——探究式学习之父——的赞赏。The Limits of Forcing Engagement 强制参与的局限性Yet even thoughtful interventions can backfire. A study found that AI “provocations” reduced performance in weaker programmers. And more forceful methods—like requiring users to generate their own response before accessing AI—are unlikely to be welcomed. As Microsoft’s Zana Buçinca explains, “People don’t like to be pushed to engage.” Indeed, a global survey by Oliver Wyman showed that 47% of respondents would use generative AI tools even if banned by their employer. 然而，即使是经过深思熟虑的干预也可能适得其反。一项研究发现，AI 的“挑战性提问”反而会降低编程能力较弱者的表现。而更强制性的方法——比如要求用户在访问 AI 前必须先自行生成答案——也不太可能受欢迎。正如来自微软的Zana Buçinca 所说：“人们不喜欢被强迫去思考。”事实上，奥纬咨询公司（Oliver Wyman）的一项全球调查显示，47%的受访者即使雇主禁止，也会继续使用生成式 AI 工具。A Tool, Not a Crutch AI：工具，而非拐杖AI is still young, and for now, the human brain remains the most versatile tool we have. But we must be careful not to trade long-term mental sharpness for short-term convenience. If strong evidence continues to show that AI dulls critical and creative thinking, we’ll face a choice: adjust how we use it—or risk becoming intellectually dependent on it. 人工智能仍处于早期阶段，目前，人类大脑仍然是我们最灵活的工具。但我们必须小心，不要为了短期便利而牺牲长期的思维敏锐性。如果越来越多的证据显示 AI 确实削弱了批判性与创造性思维，我们将面临一个选择：调整使用方式——或冒着在智力上对AI愈加依赖的风险。The question is not just can AI make us less intelligent—but will we notice before it does? 问题不仅仅是 AI 是否会让人类变笨——而在于我们是否在它将我们变笨之前就能察觉到？【词汇】 1. offload v. 卸载，转移 2. miserliness n. 吝啬 3. quirky adj. 匆匆做成的，速成的 4. backfire v. 事与愿违，产生反效果 5. crutch n. 拐杖，依赖物 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

教学素材 | 《卫报》评论：莫让AI掩盖青年才俊的光芒

《卫报》评论：莫让AI掩盖青年才俊的光芒The Guardian view on the graduate jobs crunch: AI must not be allowed to eclipse young talent 词汇：考研 | 句法：六级 | 文本：考研刘立军供稿As annual degree ceremonies take place on campuses across the country, new graduates will doubtless be turning their thoughts to enjoying some stress-free time off. Given the current state of the labor market, some may be forced to make that break a long one. 随着全国各地高校陆续举行一年一度的毕业典礼，新一届毕业生无疑会想着享受一段轻松无忧的假期。然而，鉴于当前就业市场的严峻形势，有些人可能不得不把这段空档期拉得很长。For university leavers, these are worrying times. A mounting pile of data suggests that accessing the kind of entry-level jobs that traditionally put degree holders on a path to professional success is becoming ever harder. One report published last month by the job-search site Indeed found that the market for young people fresh out of university is tougher than at any time since 2018. Compared with last year, the number of jobs advertised for recent graduates is down 33%. 对于即将走出大学校门的年轻人来说，这是个令人焦虑的时期。越来越多的数据表明，进入那些传统上为大学毕业生铺就职业成功之路的入门级岗位，正变得越来越困难。求职网站Indeed 上个月发布的一份报告显示，应届毕业生所面临的就业市场比自2018年以来任何时期都要严峻。与去年相比，面向应届毕业生的职位数量下降了33%。Some of the squeeze can be put down to a general slowdown in hiring, as employers opt for caution in an unpredictable, growth-starved economic climate. Another analysis, published this week, found that the number of entry-level jobs on offer throughout the labour market has fallen. But the steepest drop-off appears to be in professional occupations, where the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) may be beginning to affect the bottom rungs of the white-collar career ladder. 部分原因是整体招聘活动放缓，雇主们在经济前景不明朗、增长乏力的环境下选择谨慎行事。本周发布的另一项分析也发现，整个劳动力市场上提供的入门级岗位数量有所减少。但降幅最显著的领域似乎集中在专业岗位。在这类岗位中，人工智能（AI）的影响可能已开始波及白领职业阶梯的最底层。According to some analysts, a growing number of companies are using AI to perform many of the collative, summarizing or research-heavy kind of tasks that young graduates might previously have done. IBM’s human resources department now deploys AI to perform 94% of routine tasks, including performance reviews and development plans. Other employers may be hiring fewer graduates than in the past on the assumption that the use of AI will transform their productivity. 一些分析人士指出，越来越多的公司正在使用人工智能来完成许多原本由年轻毕业生承担的工作任务，比如资料整理、总结归纳或研究密集型工作。例如，IBM 的人力资源部门现在利用人工智能完成了94%的常规性任务，包括绩效评估和发展计划制定。其他雇主也可能因预期人工智能能提高效率而减少了对毕业生的招聘。For a graduate cohort whose education was blighted by the pandemic, and which is burdened by an average student debt of about £45,000, such developments risk stunting careers before they have begun. Recruitment systems are steadily being transformed through the introduction of AI-driven sifting processes, in which applications are rejected without a human judgment being made. A sustained contraction of the graduate job market, as pathways into professional careers are shortsightedly shut down in the name of cost savings, would further undermine trust between the generations at a time when it is already in short supply. 对于那些学业受到疫情影响、平均背负约4.5万英镑学生债务的毕业生而言，这样的趋势可能会在职业生涯尚未起步时就造成阻碍。与此同时，招聘系统也在悄然发生变化，越来越多的企业采用基于人工智能的筛选机制，导致许多职位申请在缺乏人工判断的情况下就被直接回绝。如果企业在追求节约成本的过程中，盲目关闭通往专业岗位的通道，加之毕业生就业市场持续萎缩，只会进一步削弱本已脆弱的代际信任。The technology minister, Peter Kyle, has urged businesses and employees to “act now” in gaining AI skills or risk being left behind, and the government hopes to collaborate with tech companies to deliver training to 7.5 million workers. But a focus on those hoping to enter the digitized workplace is also clearly needed. The evidence that entry-level jobs in areas such as law, finance and consulting are becoming scarcer should set alarm bells ringing in both government and boardrooms. 科技大臣彼得·凯尔敦促企业和员工“立即行动”，掌握人工智能相关技能，否则将被时代抛弃。政府也希望与科技公司合作，为750万名工人提供培训。然而，我们显然也需要特别关注那些即将进入数字化职场的年轻人。法律、金融和咨询等领域的入门岗位日益稀缺，这一趋势应该引起政府和企业高层的高度警觉。Politically and economically, the country cannot afford to waste the acquired skills, creativity and dynamism of those who have actually come of age in the digitized world. That may mean companies eventually reimagining the spectrum of early career opportunities that can be offered to recent graduates. But business and government should make it a priority to ensure that they are given the openings and encouragement they need in a rapidly transforming environment. Innovations such as ChatGPT have become embedded in everyday life at vertiginous speed. But their benefits must not come at the expense of the young talent that will be crucial to shaping our future. 从政治和经济层面来看，国家承担不起浪费这部分人才潜能的代价——他们是真正在数字化时代成长起来的群体，拥有已习得的专业技能、创新能力与活力。这意味着企业最终需要重新思考并拓展面向应届毕业生的早期职业机会。政府和企业必须优先确保这些年轻人能够在快速变革的环境中获得应有的机会和激励。像 ChatGPT 这样的创新技术已经以惊人的速度融入日常生活。但它们带来的便利，绝不应以牺牲未来塑造者——年轻人才的利益为代价。【词汇】1. rung n. 梯级，等级 2. cohort n. 群体，同龄人 3. pandemic n. 大流行病 4. stunt v. 阻碍 5. contraction n. 收缩，缩减 6. digitize v. 数字化 7. dynamism n. 活力，动力 8. vertiginous adj. 令人眩晕的，陡峭的 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

时文选读 | Labubu：中国创新引领全球玩具潮流

Labubu：中国创新引领全球玩具潮流Labubu: A Global Toy Sensation Fueled by Chinese Innovation七级 易| 267词 刘立军供稿Part I. PassageOn July 5, 2024, a woman took a selfie with art toys at a new Pop Mart offline store in Bangkok, Thailand, showcasing the global craze for Labubu. This Chinese toy, part of Pop Mart’s ‘Monster’ intellectual property (IP), has captivated audiences worldwide with its unique charm and design.Labubu, featuring long ears and sharp teeth, challenges traditional beauty standards and has become a collector’s treasure. Cities like Los Angeles, London, Tokyo, and Bangkok see long queues for new releases, while limited editions like Singapore’s Merbubu sell out instantly.Pop Mart began its global expansion in 2018, opening its first overseas store in Seoul in 2020. By the end of 2024, the company had over 500 stores in more than 30 countries, supported by e-commerce platforms reaching 90+ nations. Notably, a mint-colored Labubu auctioned in Beijing fetched 1.08 million yuan ($150,000), highlighting its art market appeal.Pop Mart’s success stems from China’s manufacturing prowess, with Dongguan serving as a major hub. AI-driven smart manufacturing accelerates production and boosts global competitiveness. Labubu’s creator, Hong Kong artist Kasing Lung, collaborated with Pop Mart, elevating the brand from OEM to cultural innovation.Labubu’s global appeal is amplified by celebrity endorsements, including Lisa from Blackpink, Rihanna, Beckham, and Thai Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana. These endorsements have solidified Labubu’s status as a cultural phenomenon.Labubu exemplifies China’s ‘Cool Power’—the growing global appreciation of Chinese brands and culture. As China continues to innovate and expand its cultural influence, it embraces the world with openness and confidence, reinforcing its image as a modern, dynamic nation.【Vocabulary】 1. craze n. 狂热，风靡一时的事物 2. captivate v. 迷住，使着迷 3. prowess n. 高超的技艺，非凡的能力 4. hub n. 中心，枢纽 Part II. QuestionsQ1. What is one feature of Labubu that makes it unique? A. It has a mint color. B. It has long ears and sharp teeth. C. It is created entirely by AI. D. It is only available in China. Q2. What does the auction of a mint-colored Labubu in Beijing suggest about its value? A. It highlights its status as a high-value collectible. B. It reflects its affordability for average buyers. C. It indicates its declining popularity in other markets. D. It shows that limited editions are not in demand. Q3. What is the significance of Dongguan in Pop Mart’s operations? A. It serves as the headquarters for Pop Mart’s global expansion. B. It is where Labubu was first created. C. It is the primary market for Labubu sales. D. It is a key hub for AI-driven smart manufacturing. Q4. What can be inferred about the role of celebrity endorsements in Labubu’s success? A. They are the sole reason for Labubu’s global appeal. B. They help reinforce Labubu’s status as a cultural icon. C. They primarily target Chinese audiences. D. They have minimal impact on Labubu’s popularity. Q5. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Global Expansion of Pop Mart B. How AI Transformed the Toy Industry C. Labubu: A Symbol of Chinese Cultural Innovation D. Celebrity Endorsements and Their Impact on Labubu Part III. KEYQ1. 【答案】B 【解析】细节题。题目出处：Labubu, featuring long ears and sharp teeth, challenges traditional beauty standards and has become a collector's treasure. 这句话明确说明Labubu的特点是长耳朵和尖牙，因此正确答案是B。 Q2.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Notably, a mint-colored Labubu auctioned in Beijing fetched 1.08 million yuan ($150,000), highlighting its art market appeal. 这句话表明，一款薄荷色Labubu在北京拍卖并以150,000美元成交，这突显了其在艺术市场上的高价值，因此正确答案是A。 Q3. 【答案】D【解析】细节题。题目出处：Pop Mart’s success stems from China's manufacturing prowess, with Dongguan serving as a major hub. AI-driven smart manufacturing accelerates production and boosts global competitiveness. 这句话明确指出，东莞是一个主要的生产枢纽，依靠AI驱动的智能制造来提升生产效率和全球竞争力，因此正确答案是D。 Q4. 【答案】B 【解析】推理题。题目出处：Labubu’s global appeal is amplified by celebrity endorsements, including Lisa from Blackpink, Rihanna, Beckham, and Thai Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana. These endorsements have solidified Labubu’s status as a cultural phenomenon. 这句话表明，名人代言增强了Labubu的全球吸引力，并巩固了其作为文化现象的地位，因此可以推断出名人代言对Labubu的成功起到了强化文化地位的作用，因此正确答案是B。 Q5.【答案】C【解析】主旨题。题目出处为整篇文章，文章主要讨论Labubu作为中国文化创新的象征，如何通过独特的设计、智能制造和全球化战略成为一种现象。因此，正确答案是C。 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 脑震荡

脑震荡Concussion常速 | 四级 较易 | 854词 | 5min13s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What type of injury is concussion according to Dr. Tarun Dua?A. A minor skin injury.B. A type of traumatic brain injury.C. A psychological disorder.D. A temporary loss of consciousness.Q2. In which situations can concussion occur?A. Only during contact sports.B. Only when there is a direct blow to the head.C. When there is a bump, blow to the head or even to the body.D. When there is a loss of balance due to aging.Q3. What are some common symptoms of concussion?A. Headache, nausea, and loss of balance.B. Convulsions and immediate loss of consciousness.C. Sleep problems and weakness only.D. Pressure sensation and memory issues.Q4. What is one of the prevention measures for concussion mentioned by Dr. Tarun Dua?A. Assuming that concussions are not serious.B. Ignoring the home environment for potential hazards.C. Engaging in high-risk sports without protective gear.D. Wearing a helmet while riding a bicycle.Q5. What is the primary prevention strategy for concussion at home according to the conversation?A. Ensuring good lighting to avoid falls.B. Making the home environment fall-free.C. Installing safety rails in every room.D. Regularly checking for structural damage in the house.Q6. What should one do if they suspect they have a concussion?A. Wait for the symptoms to disappear.B. Ignore the incident if there is no visible injury.C. Rest for a few days and then resume normal activities.D. Seek medical help immediately.Q7. What is the main message of the conversation about concussion treatment?A. Concussions will go away on their own.B. Rest is crucial for recovery.C. Medical evaluation is not necessary.D. Long-term impacts can be ignored.Q8. What is the importance of avoiding repeat concussions?A. They can lead to long-term damage, including dementia.B. They cause immediate convulsions.C. They are more painful than the first concussion.D. They require more expensive treatments.Q9. Which group is particularly vulnerable to the long-term impacts of concussion?A. Senior citizens.B. People who work in construction.C. Children who play sports.D. Individuals who have a history of seizures.Part II. TRANSCRIPT ConcussionTranscriptVGS: It’s a wet and rainy day in Geneva but Science in 5 crew is very determined. It’s an all-women crew today. So come rain and shine, we’re going to shoot this. We’re going to talk about concussion today. If you have children who play sports or you play sports, you need to know about concussion. What is it? How will you know if you have concussion? And what can you do to prevent it? And here to talk about it today is Dr Tarun Dua. Welcome Tarun.concussion n. 脑震荡TD: Hi!VGS: Tarun, talk to us about what is concussion.TD: (Q1) So, concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury. (Q2) So, if you have a bump, blow to the head or even to the body. What happens is, the forces can lead to your brain moving and bouncing around, leading to damage to brain cells. And any activity can cause concussion. So, for example, you fall in this wet, rainy field or you are playing sports, like football, It also happens during road traffic accidents. For example, in Australia, one in five people who presented to the hospital with concussion, they had it while playing sports.traumatic adj. 外伤的VGS: So, we’ve just established that these are pretty perfect conditions for a concussion that we are filming in. But, actually, I fell down a little while ago and I was wondering if I had concussion. I didn’t know what the symptoms would be. Can you talk about that?TD: So, concussion is not something that you will see outside and the other thing is, it’s not that symptoms are going to happen immediately. They can actually also happen up to 72 hours after the injury. (Q3) So common symptoms are you will have headache or pressure sensation, nausea, feeling dizzy, loss of balance, memory, unable to focus, sleep problems. So these are very common problems. Then sometimes you have severe symptoms, like convulsions. You can have loss of consciousness or weakness or numbness and that means you need to, in any case, you need to go immediately to get any help. So, did you have any of those symptoms, Vismita?sensation n. 感觉nausea n. 恶心，反胃convulsion n. 痉挛numbness n. 麻木VGS: Well, no, I think I felt a little bit of brain fog or a little bit of confusion which is what worried me. But also, it’s about sometimes, when you take a fall you’ve also not really thought about the fact that with, as you age, you need to work on your balance better and stuff like that. So talk to us also about the prevention of concussion.TD: There are many things all of us can do. (Q4) So, for example, riding a bicycle, wear a helmet. (Q5) Home environment, make sure that your carpets and cables are not interrupting. And especially for older people, they’re very important, that we make our homes friendly and fall free as much as possible. Playing contact sports, ensure that you are wearing protective equipment, you are aware of your surroundings. So I’m looking around, the ball is not going to come and hit me. And do not take unnecessary risk. This is especially true for young people. So, these are many things that we can do to prevent concussion.helmet n. 头盔VGS: Talk about the treatment of concussion. Sometimes you hear that, ‘Oh, it’s okay, it will just go away.’ Is that true, for instance?TD: One of the things about concussion is not everyone is aware about it and so very often it goes undetected. People don’t know and they don’t go to seek medical help. (Q6) So it’s very important, that if you have had a fall, just ensure that you seek medical help. Go and show it to the doctor. That evaluation is extremely important and the second is that (Q7) you need to take rest, both physical and mental because it will help you recover quickly. (Q8) And the third thing that you need to do is avoid repeat injuries. Avoid repeat concussion because we know repeat concussions can lead to long-term damage, including dementia. dementia n. 痴呆，精神错乱VGS: That sounds very scary, especially because senior citizens will also experience, sometimes, increased falls and that can actually contribute to dementia, you said, right? Talk to us about some other long-term impacts of concussion.TD: You can have long-term memory problems, you can have long-term sleep problems. It can impact your education, learning. (Q9) I’m thinking about the young people and also, especially if you’re thinking about sports, because, you know, you’re getting it at a young age we are worried about the risk of neurocognitive issues such a dementia.VGS: We’re going to wrap up, but give our audience a few tips for how to avoid concussion.TD: Important is that wear protective equipment, you are riding a bicycle, you are playing a sport. When you are in your home, just ensure that you are keeping your carpets, your cables, so that you are not falling down on any of those surfaces and be aware of your surroundings.VGS: Thank you, Tarun. That was Science in 5, today, from a wet and rainy Geneva. Until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy and stick with science. Part III. KEYQ1. B. 【解析】细节题。根据“So, concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury.”，可知脑震荡是一种创伤性脑损伤。因此答案为B。Q2. C. 【解析】细节题。根据“So, if you have a bump, blow to the head or even to the body.”，可知如果你头部甚至身体受到撞击、击打就会引发脑震荡。因此答案为C。Q3. A. 【解析】细节题。根据“common symptoms are you will have headache or pressure sensation, nausea, feeling dizzy, loss of balance...”，可知常见的症状包括头痛或压迫感、恶心、头晕、平衡失调等。因此答案为A。Q4. D. 【解析】细节题。根据“So, for example, riding a bicycle, wear a helmet.”，可知骑自行车时要戴头盔是一种预防措施。因此答案为D。Q5. B. 【解析】细节题。根据“Home environment, make sure that your carpets and cables are not interrupting ... that we make our homes friendly and fall free as much as possible.”，可知在家庭环境方面，要确保地毯和电线不会造成阻碍，特别是对老年人来说，尤为重要，要尽可能使我们的家变得友好且无跌倒风险。因此答案为B。Q6. D. 【解析】细节题。根据“So it’s very important, that if you have had a fall, just ensure that you seek medical help.”，可知如果你摔倒了，一定要寻求医疗帮助。因此答案为D。Q7. B. 【解析】主旨题。整个对话都在讨论脑震荡的治疗和恢复，特别是在“you need to take rest, both physical and mental because it will help you recover quickly.”这句话中强调了休息对于恢复的重要性。因此答案为B。Q8. A. 【解析】细节题。根据“and the third thing that you need to do is avoid repeat injuries. Avoid repeat concussion because we know repeat concussions can lead to long-term damage, including dementia.”，可知第三件事是避免重复受伤。避免再次脑震荡，因为反复脑震荡可能导致长期损伤，包括痴呆症。因此答案为A。Q9.C. 【解析】细节题。根据“I’m thinking about the young people and also, especially if you’re thinking about sports, because, you know, you’re getting it at a young age we are worried about the risk of neurocognitive issues such a dementia.”，可知Dr. Tarun Dua想到年轻人，尤其是参与体育运动的年轻人，因为他们从很小的年纪就开始参与，他们担忧其可能会增加神经认知问题的风险，如痴呆。因此答案为C。（本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？

Morning shower or evening shower: Which is best? 早上洗澡还是晚上洗澡：哪一个最好？常速 | 四级 偏易 | 408词 | 3min4s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. According to microbiologist Primrose Freestone, what is a benefit of showering in the morning?A. It removes bacteria from bed sheets.B. It stops you shedding dead skin cells.C. It helps improve sleep quality.D. It eliminates allergens picked up during the day.Q2. What does Nancy Rothstein suggest about evening showers?A. They are necessary to remove pollen and dust.B. They are essential for preparing for bed.C. They are less effective than morning showers.D. They help maintain skin cleanliness during sleep.Q3. According to the text, what can nighttime warm showers improve?A. Skin hydration.B. Body awareness.C. Sleep quality.D. Morning freshness.Q4. What can be inferred about the choice between morning and evening showers?A. It depends on personal preference and lifestyle.B. Morning showers are scientifically proven to be better.C. Evening showers are more beneficial for physical health.D. The choice is irrelevant to maintaining cleanliness.Q5. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To explain the health benefits of evening showers.B. To discuss the impact of showering on sleep quality.C. To highlight the importance of showering daily.D. To compare the advantages of morning and evening showers.Part II. TRANSCRIPTMorning shower or evening shower: Which is best? Do you need an energizing blast of water in the morning to wake you up for the day? Or do you prefer a relaxing, warm shower in the evening to help you wind down as part of your nighttime routine? Maybe you just shower whenever you feel like it. For something so many of us do, this topic is bound to divide opinion and stir up passion from both sides. But is one really better than the other?After a long day in the outside world, picking up pollutants and allergens on your skin and in your hair such as dust and pollen, a reasonable instinct would be to wash it all off before getting into bed. That’s what the evening shower enthusiasts would say. But, says microbiologist Primrose Freestone, no matter the air temperature, you will continue to sweat during the night. Bacteria on your skin then eat the nutrients in your sweat which is what causes BO. Showering at night also doesn’t stop you shedding dead skin cells. All this means you may not wake up feeling as fresh as you had hoped. [Q1] Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. “As a microbiologist, I am a day shower advocate,” she says.allergens n. 过敏原pollen n. 花粉nutrient n. 营养物质microbiologist n. 微生物学家BO (body odor) 汗臭，体臭But it’s not all about cleanliness. Nancy Rothstein, who calls herself The Sleep Ambassador, is concerned with sleep quality. (Q2) In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. “Call it an opportunity to shower yourself with mindfulness,” she says. And research backs this up. (Q3) A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep.(Q4) What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. If you’re someone who can’t fully relax in bed until you’ve showered, you’re likely an evening shower person. Whereas, if you can’t stand the idea of putting on fresh, clean clothes in the morning when you haven’t showered, then a morning rinse is probably more your style. Whenever you choose to shower, Primrose Freestone says it’s important to clean your bed sheets regularly to remove all the sweat, bacteria and dead skin cells that build up and can negatively affect the effectiveness of your showers.rinse n. 冲洗Part III. KEYQ1.【答案】A【解析】细节题。题目出处：Showering in the morning, on the other hand, can help to remove dead skin cells, sweat or any bacteria you’ve picked up from your bed sheets. 意为：早上洗澡可以帮助去除床单上的死皮细胞、汗液或任何细菌。正确答案为A。Q2.【答案】B【解析】细节题。题目出处：In her view, showering in the evening is an essential part of the ‘preparing for bed’ routine. 意为：在她看来，晚上洗澡是“准备就寝”过程中必不可少的一环。正确答案为B。Q3.【答案】C【解析】细节题。题目出处：A systematic review of research published in Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2019 found nightly warm showering or bathing one to two hours before bedtime can improve sleep. 意为：2019年发表在《睡眠医学评论》上的一项系统性研究发现，每晚在睡前一到两个小时进行温水淋浴或沐浴可以改善睡眠。正确答案为C。Q4.【答案】A【解析】推理题。题目出处：What it all boils down to is when you would like to feel freshest. 意为：归根结底，这取决于你想在什么时候感觉最清爽。由此可以推断，选择早上或晚上洗澡取决于个人偏好和生活方式，因此正确答案为A。Q5.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。整篇文章主要讨论了早上洗澡和晚上洗澡的优缺点，并比较了它们的不同效果。因此正确答案为D。 （本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

新闻听力 | 练习听力

练习听力Practice Your Listening慢速 | 三级 偏难 | 531词 | 4min58s刘立军供稿Part I. QUESTIONSListen to the news and choose the best answer to each question you hear.Q1. What is Zekeriya’s main concern about his current listening practice?A. He is memorizing the recordings instead of practicing listening.B. He finds the audio recordings too difficult.C. He does not have enough material to practice with.D. He struggles with understanding different accents.Q2. What is the main idea of the teacher’s response to Zekeriya’s question?A. Listening exercises should focus solely on repetition.B. Listening practice is unnecessary for language learning.C. Memorizing audio recordings is the best way to learn.D. There are various methods to improve listening skills.Q3. What does the teacher suggest about the level of listening material?A. It should be much easier than your current level.B. It should be slightly above your current ability.C. It should be at the same level as your speaking skills.D. It should only include familiar vocabulary.Q4. What is the purpose of transcribing audio recordings according to the teacher?A. To improve vocabulary memorization.B. To practice pronunciation.C. To notice differences between spoken and written English.D. To increase listening speed.Q5. Why does the teacher recommend listening to English spoken at different speeds?A. To help understand different dialects.B. To become accustomed to faster spoken English.C. To improve grammar skills.D. To focus on vocabulary development.Part II. TRANSCRIPTPractice Your ListeningHello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Zekeriya in Turkiye about listening to English.QuestionDear teacher,When I practice listening, I focus a lot and do a lot of repetitions. (Q1) After a while, I realized that I was actually memorizing the audio recording instead of practicing listening. How do you think I should do an ideal listening exercise?audio adj. 音频的Thank you,ZekeriyaAnswerI’m happy to answer this question, Zekeriya.(Q2) There is not one ideal listening exercise. Instead, there are several good ways to improve your listening.The repetitions you are doing can be necessary and helpful for you to understand what you hear. And repetitions likely help you remember new words and how to pronounce them. But let’s look at more ways you can practice listening. Listening methods(Q3) First, try to find listening material that is just a bit above your ability. This will help you learn new words without making it too difficult for you.It is best to listen to English material that has words written either in captions or in the body text, such as a VOA Learning English article. This will help check your listening.caption n. 字幕You can test yourself by first listening to parts of the audio without reading the words. Note the main ideas and the things you clearly understood. Then, listen to it again and try to understand more details. This is when you can do shorter repetitions. Next, you can check how much you understood by reading the words as you listen to the audio again.TranscribingOne of the best ways to practice listening is by writing every word you hear. This is called transcribing. Even with audio examples as short as one minute, you can learn a lot of English using this method. (Q4) For example, if you are transcribing an interview, you might notice differences between spoken English and written English.transcribe v. 转录，抄写By transcribing, you can notice and learn new expressions, grammar rules and spelling. This method also helps make new words stay in your memory when you read them. That is because you are discovering the answer to a problem you have already tried to solve through listening.Other tips(Q5) Try listening to English spoken at different speeds. Over time, you can follow spoken English at a faster speed. Many videos online let you increase or decrease the speed of playback.Practice listening to English spoken in different foreign accents. This is a useful skill because English is spoken in so many places around the world.accent n. 口音Center your listening on specific sounds or grammatical points. For example, preposition use in English can be difficult. Try listening for prepositions and the words they connect with. This can help you use them correctly in your speaking and writing.Remember that, like any skill, you can improve listening by practicing often and having detailed plans for the methods you will use.For our readers and listeners, what are your questions about American English? We’d like to hear from you. Send us an email at learningenglish@voanews.com. And please include where you are from in your email, too.And that’s Ask a Teacher.Part III. KEYQ1. A. 【解析】细节题。根据：“After a while, I realized that I was actually memorizing the audio recording instead of practicing listening.” 可知Zekeriya主要担心的是自己的练习变成记忆录音，而非练习听力。因此答案是A。Q2. D. 【解析】主旨题。根据：“There is not one ideal listening exercise. Instead, there are several good ways to improve your listening.”可知没有一种完美的听力练习方式。相反，有几种提高听力的好方法。因此答案是D。Q3. B. 【解析】细节题。根据：“First, try to find listening material that is just a bit above your ability.” 可知老师建议尝试难度稍微高于当前能力的听力材料。因此答案是B。Q4. C. 【解析】细节题。根据：“For example, if you are transcribing an interview, you might notice differences between spoken English and written English.” 可知在转录一段采访时，你可能会注意到英语口语和书面语之间的差异。因此答案是C。Q5. B. 【解析】推理题。根据：“Try listening to English spoken at different speeds. Over time, you can follow spoken English at a faster speed.” 可知尝试以不同速度听英语。随着时间的推移，你可以跟上更快的语速。因此答案是B。（本文图片均来源于网络，仅供学习交流使用，侵删）

第12届教学大赛商务英语组二等奖贺静授课

授课点评：贺静老师授课效果较好，教学目标清楚、教学方法得当、教学程序井井有条。此外，贺静老师口齿清晰，语音语调比较纯正、流利；教态端庄自然，有亲和力，教学过程中与学生互动良好，体现了以学生为主体，教师为主导的教学原则。授课分两部分。第一部分介绍该单元（Empire of Wealth）的总教学安排，用了3分30秒，时间把握得比较好。另外，设计的PPT形式多样，各种图表清楚展现了教学安排。授课开始的第三分钟，PPT显示的该单元总教学目标及三篇课文的教学目标一览无遗，加上贺静老师的阐释，清晰地传递了教学目标和学习目标，这能帮助学生在课堂内外围绕主题有效学习。紧接着，贺静老师借助PPT上的流程图比较详细地介绍了授课课文In Praise of Competitive Urges的教学安排，其中的Problem-centred教学方法对学生发现、分析和解决问题有很大帮助。之后进入第二部分：比赛授课阶段。第二部分具体授课含四个阶段。进入第一阶段Warm-up时，贺静老师显得有点紧张，但很快就调整好了状态。该阶段有教师对课文理解的提问，请学生从课文中找到相关的依据回答问题，这种做法本来值得称道，因为授课不能离开课文。但是，Warm-up阶段是课前准备阶段，因此，贺静老师在Warm-up阶段讲解课文不妥，建议把重点放在教材中的Warm-up Activities上，适当设计一些附加的活动，才符合教学逻辑。此外，在总时间为20分钟且第一阶段用了3分30秒的情况下，Warm-up阶段用了5分1秒显得有点过长。之后是第二阶段Questionnaire Results，贺静老师分析解释了调查表中的信息，谈了自己对问题的看法，期间激励学生思考、回答问题，这对培养学生的独立思考能力及理解课文非常有益。Questionnaire之后进入授课第三阶段：Wealth-flaunting Motivations / Summarizing。炫富动机是课文包含的核心内容之一。因此，讨论炫富动机有助于学生理解课文。教师要求学生从PPT上（视频13'）显示的课文段落寻找答案，并要求学生做pair work找到有关的词汇。另外，通过分析课文的修辞寓意，贺静老师阐释了文章作者的真实目的。这一点做得很好。另一方面，根据该单元内容，所授的是“综合商务英语”课程。因此，贺静老师应更多围绕语言难点、篇章结构、写作风格、文法修辞等方面进行解释，让学生对课文有更深层次的理解。第四阶段Assignment在视频18'15"开始。课后作业包括questionnaire设计、调研报告写作、相关阅读作业。这样较好兼顾了综合商务英语课程语言学习和商务实践的教学特点。建议更多以教材内容教学为主，重视语言、篇章教学，在帮助学生充分理解课文的前提下掌握一些商务知识和技能；需要结合课文融入更多的思政教育内容。点评专家：翁凤翔

第12届教学大赛商务英语组特等奖潘紫萌授课

授课点评：潘紫萌老师在本次大赛中与来自全国各地的商务英语优秀教师展开激烈角逐，在教学理念、教学方法、课堂设计、英语素质、商务知识、教姿教态、师生互动等方面的表现都较突出，最后以总分第一荣获特等奖。潘老师以准确的英语发音先声夺人，丰富的表达方式、适中的语调语速和端庄的教姿教态也令人印象深刻。在课程设计环节，为实现其教学目标，她选择business ethics作为主题，介绍了教学目标、学生特征、以学生为中心和以产出为导向的教学理念，以及线上线下结合、传统和高科技媒体结合等丰富多彩的教学方式。这份介绍全面立体但简明扼要，为后面的演示（demo）课提供了一个很好的支撑。由于大赛的授课时间有限，潘老师突出重点，在演示课上只展示教学方案的第三步，即participatory learning 1 和 post assessment 1。她采用BOPPPS（bridge in, objectives, pre-assessment, participatory learning, post assessment, summary）模型，通过德国大众汽车减排作假、中国支付宝公益植树项目等案例，教学目标涵盖商务英语知识、技能、以及相关的伦理和价值观等。在短短的十几分钟里要达到这么多项教学目标绝非易事。潘老师通过一系列的短视频、多种教学方法（如听力填空、案例讨论、汉译英、样本对话补正等）以及活泼的师生互动，较好地实现了教学目标，显示出选手突出的课堂组织能力。商务英语教学起源于英美等国，因此基本使用本国素材、讲本国故事。传入中国后，主要使用外国素材、讲外国故事。令人欣喜的是，潘老师注意突出中国特色，多次引用中国案例，讲授中国故事，传播中国价值观。加上她出色的英语基本功和良好的师生互动，使得教学过程十分流畅，也没有不同文化同场展示的违和感。总而言之，潘紫萌老师在授课环节的各方面表现都很优秀。不足之处当然也有。首先， 8’13’’开始的讨论过于仓促，只有18秒， 8’31’’就结束了。由于讨论不充分，在随后的问答环节中，更多的回答似乎来自老师而不是学生。第二个是要增加教学过程的自然自发 (spontaneity)。不知是因为课前多次排练还是老师特意要求，学生的产出只有一次对话（17’40’’）相对自然，其他的多次回答虽准确无误，但都像中国小学生朗读课文或回答问题，语音、语调、语速都过于整齐合一，这不利于培养学生的英语实际表达能力。点评专家：陈准民

高职国际英语 进阶视听说教程 第2册 Clip 1 Good to see you again

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