燕山大学 刘立军 编写
TRANSCRIPT
Since the earliest days of the United States, Americans began their days by eating whatever was most easily available. These foods often included bread, eggs or leftovers - food left over from the night before.
Today, ease is still an important factor when it comes to breakfast. However, what people eat has changed over time. And some of today's common breakfast foods, such as cereal, are the result of very effective marketing.
"Advertising was practically invented to sell cereal," says Heather Arndt Anderson. She is the writer of the book "Breakfast: A History."
Arndt Anderson adds, "One of the first ways advertising was successfully or effectively used was to convince mothers that it was okay for their children to eat these instant cereals. It sort of offered working mothers a chance to let kids take care of themselves in the morning."
As women entered the workforce to help support their families, cereal was a food kids could make on their own.
"That's still sort of the power, really the lasting effect of breakfast as being the first meal that kids do learn how to prepare themselves," Arndt Anderson says.
Advertising also played an important part in orange juice becoming a morning drink. In 1916, farmers grew more oranges than usual, so advertisers began saying, "Drink an orange." They aimed to persuade people that drinking orange juice was a healthy way to start the day.
Two years later, a worldwide flu epidemic caused people to drink more orange juice for its health benefits.
As for coffee, it might have the 1773 Boston Tea Party to thank for its popularity in the United States. In that year, American colonists protested British taxation by throwing tea into Boston Harbor. In time, coffee became so popular that people traveling to the American West in the 1830s made sure to carry coffee beans on the journey.
Pancakes have also been around for a very long time. Researchers believe the world's oldest naturally preserved human mummy ate a pancake-like food as one of his last meals.
Researchers think pancakes may have been made in the morning because they are much quicker to prepare than bread. Cooks could then have time to make fresh bread for dinner.
Americans still eat breakfast foods like bread and eggs that their ancestors did. Writer Heather Arndt Anderson notes that people's concerns about healthy food choices have also stayed the same.
She says the idea of clean eating and healthy eating has been around for hundreds of years. She adds, "The only thing that's changed has been the details with which we define what these things are - what clean eating is, and being healthy."
Arndt Anderson hopes more Americans will see leftovers as a breakfast food. She adds that leftovers taste good and are a great way to reduce waste.
I'm Jonathan Evans.
Adapted from: http://www.hxen.com/englishlistening/voaenglish/voaspecialenglish/2019-07-29/521859_2.html
VOCABULARY
1. leftover n. (常用复数) food that has not been eaten at the end of a meal 吃剩的食物；残羹剩饭
2. taxation n. money that has to be paid as taxes 税；税款；税金；税收。例如：to reduce taxation
减税
3. preserve v. (常用被动态) to keep sth. in its original state in good condition 维持…的原状；保存；保养。例如：(humorous) Is he really 60? He's remarkably well preserved. 他真有60岁了吗？他真会保养啊。
QUESTIONS
Read the table. Then listen to the news and complete the table.
Common breakfast foods for Americans
| FOOD | DETAIL |
| CEREAL | Arndt Anderson adds, "One of the first ways advertising was successfully or effectively used was to convince mothers that it was okay for their children to eat these (Q1) ______________________. It sort of offered working mothers a chance to let kids take care of themselves in the morning." As women entered the (Q2) _______________ to help support their families, cereal was a food kids could make on their own. "That's still sort of the power, really the lasting effect of breakfast as being the first meal that kids do learn how to prepare themselves," Arndt Anderson says. |
| ORANGE JUICE | Advertising also played an important part in orange juice becoming a (Q3) ______________________. In 1916, farmers grew more oranges than usual, so advertisers began saying, "Drink an orange." They aimed to persuade people that drinking orange juice was a healthy way to start the day. Two years later, a worldwide flu epidemic caused people to drink more orange juice for its (Q4) ______________________. |
| COFFEE | As for coffee, it might have the 1773 Boston Tea Party to thank for its popularity in the United States. In that year, American colonists protested British taxation by throwing (Q5) ____________ into Boston Harbor. In time, coffee became so popular that people traveling to the American West in the 1830s made sure to carry (Q6) _________________ on the journey. |
| PANCAKES | Pancakes have also been around for a very long time. Researchers believe the world's oldest naturally preserved human mummy ate a pancake-like food as one of his last meals. Researchers think pancakes may have been made in the morning because they are much (Q7) _______________________ than bread. Cooks could then have time to make (Q8) ___________________ for dinner. |
| BREAD AND EGGS | Americans still eat breakfast foods like (Q9) _______________________ that their (Q10) _________________________ did. Writer Heather Arndt Anderson notes that people's concerns about healthy food choices have also stayed the same. |
KEY
Read the table. Then listen to the news and complete the table.
Common breakfast foods for Americans
| FOOD | DETAIL |
| CEREAL | Arndt Anderson adds, "One of the first ways advertising was successfully or effectively used was to convince mothers that it was okay for their children to eat these (Q1) instant cereals. It sort of offered working mothers a chance to let kids take care of themselves in the morning." As women entered the (Q2) workforce to help support their families, cereal was a food kids could make on their own. "That's still sort of the power, really the lasting effect of breakfast as being the first meal that kids do learn how to prepare themselves," Arndt Anderson says. |
| ORANGE JUICE | Advertising also played an important part in orange juice becoming a (Q3) morning drink. In 1916, farmers grew more oranges than usual, so advertisers began saying, "Drink an orange." They aimed to persuade people that drinking orange juice was a healthy way to start the day. Two years later, a worldwide flu epidemic caused people to drink more orange juice for its (Q4) health benefits. |
| COFFEE | As for coffee, it might have the 1773 Boston Tea Party to thank for its popularity in the United States. In that year, American colonists protested British taxation by throwing (Q5) tea into Boston Harbor. In time, coffee became so popular that people traveling to the American West in the 1830s made sure to carry (Q6) coffee beans on the journey. |
| PANCAKES | Pancakes have also been around for a very long time. Researchers believe the world's oldest naturally preserved human mummy ate a pancake-like food as one of his last meals. Researchers think pancakes may have been made in the morning because they are much (Q7) quicker to prepare than bread. Cooks could then have time to make (Q8) fresh bread for dinner. |
| BREAD AND EGGS | Americans still eat breakfast foods like (Q9) bread and eggs that their (Q10) ancestors did. Writer Heather Arndt Anderson notes that people's concerns about healthy food choices have also stayed the same. |