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练习 | 科学美国人：Moon's Tug Doesn't Cause Big Quakes

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月亮引力不会导致大地震。

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科学美国人60秒：Moon's Tug Doesn't Cause Big Quakes
月亮引力不会导致大地震

燕山大学刘立军宋葳编写

◆TRANSCRIPT

On March 27th, 1964, a huge earthquake struck the Prince William Sound, off the coast of Alaska. "Out in the gulf of Alaska, the ocean bottom plunges, then heaves upward a full 50 feet, and a wave starts racing toward the shore.

The quake is the second most powerful ever recorded, at 9.2 on the Richter scale, and it killed more than a hundred people. And just like the devastating Sumatra quake of 2004 or the Chilean quake in 2010, the great Alaska earthquake struck right around the time of the full moon. Coincidence?

In 2016, Japanese researchers concluded that large earthquakes might indeed be more likely to occur during times of significant tidal stress when it's either a new or full moon. And the news rumbled through the media, despite the study's small sample size, of just a dozen large quakes.

Now seismologist Susan Hough of the U.S. Geological Survey has done a much larger analysis. She plotted more than 200 big quakes - magnitude 8.0 or above - over the past four centuries, looking to see if they were more likely to strike on certain days of the year, or during key phases of the moon. The answer, neatly summed up in the study's one-word abstract? "No."

The study is in the journal Seismological Research Letters. That's not to say we don't know of certain factors that actually do increase the risk of quakes. Hough says the ground injection of wastewater, oil and gas production, fracking, and damming up waterways can in some cases cause quakes. Just don't blame it on the moon.

Adapted from 月亮引力

◆VOCABULARY

1. heave v. (+ 副词或介词短语) to lift, pull or throw sb. /sth. very heavy with one great effort （用力）举起，拖，拉，抛。用法：
(动词 + 名词短语) 例如：
○I managed to heave the trunk down the stairs. 我用力把箱子弄下楼梯。
○They heaved the body overboard. 他们使劲把尸体从船上抛入水中。
(单独使用的动词)。例如：We all heaved on the rope. 我们大家一起用力拉绳子。

2. rumble v. (动词 + 副词或介词短语) to move slowly and heavily, making a rumbling sound 轰鸣着缓慢行进。例如：tanks rumbling through the streets隆隆地驶过街道的坦克

◆QUESTIONS
Read the passage. Then listen to the news and fill in the blanks with the words you hear.

On March 27th, 1964, a huge earthquake struck the Prince William Sound, off the coast of Alaska. "Out in the gulf of Alaska, the ocean bottom plunges, then heaves upward a full 50 feet, and a wave starts racing toward the shore.
The quake is the (Q1) ______________ most powerful ever recorded, at 9.2 on the Richter scale, and it killed more than (Q2) _____________ people. And just like the devastating Sumatra quake of 2004 or the Chilean quake in 2010, the great Alaska earthquake struck right around the time of the full moon. (Q3) ____________________?

In 2016, Japanese researchers concluded that (Q4) ______________________________ might indeed be more likely to occur during times of significant tidal stress when it's either a new or full moon. And the news rumbled through the media, despite the study's small sample size, of just a dozen large quakes.

Now seismologist Susan Hough of the U.S. Geological Survey has done a much (Q5) ___________ analysis. She plotted more than (Q6) _____________ big quakes - magnitude 8.0 or above - over the past four centuries, looking to see if they were more likely to strike on certain days of the year, or during key phases of the moon. The answer, neatly summed up in the study's one-word abstract? "No."

The study is in the journal Seismological Research Letters. That's not to say we don't know of certain factors that actually do (Q7) _______________________ the risk of quakes. Hough says the ground (Q8) ___________________ of wastewater, oil and gas (Q9) _____________________, fracking, and damming up waterways can in some cases cause quakes. Just don't (Q10) __________________.

◆KEY

On March 27th, 1964, a huge earthquake struck the Prince William Sound, off the coast of Alaska. "Out in the gulf of Alaska, the ocean bottom plunges, then heaves upward a full 50 feet, and a wave starts racing toward the shore.
The quake is the (Q1) second most powerful ever recorded, at 9.2 on the Richter scale, and it killed more than (Q2) a hundred people. And just like the devastating Sumatra quake of 2004 or the Chilean quake in 2010, the great Alaska earthquake struck right around the time of the full moon. (Q3) Coincidence?

In 2016, Japanese researchers concluded that (Q4) large earthquakes might indeed be more likely to occur during times of significant tidal stress when it's either a new or full moon. And the news rumbled through the media, despite the study's small sample size, of just a dozen large quakes.

Now seismologist Susan Hough of the U.S. Geological Survey has done a much (Q5) larger analysis. She plotted more than (Q6) 200 big quakes - magnitude 8.0 or above - over the past four centuries, looking to see if they were more likely to strike on certain days of the year, or during key phases of the moon. The answer, neatly summed up in the study's one-word abstract? "No."

The study is in the journal Seismological Research Letters. That's not to say we don't know of certain factors that actually do (Q7) increase the risk of quakes. Hough says the ground (Q8) injection of wastewater, oil and gas (Q9) production, fracking, and damming up waterways can in some cases cause quakes. Just don't (Q10) blame it on the moon.

时长：1.9分钟

语速：146wpm

来源：刘立军宋葳 2018-04-04

练习 | 科学美国人：Moon's Tug Doesn't Cause Big Quakes

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